VALUE STREAM MAPPING

Value stream mapping is a lean-management method for analyzing the current state and designing a future state for the series of events that take a product or service from its beginning through to the customer. At Toyota, it is known as "material and information flow mapping".It can be applied to nearly any value chain.

WORM WHEEL DESIGN:

Before moving into the VSM, we should know about the basic parameters of worm wheel.

Conventionally, Worm reduction gear sets have always been made on dedicated

gear hobbing / shaping machines using dedicated tooling & cutters. These

machines are excellent for mass production of gear sets. However, small

companies can not afford to invest in these machines especially if their core

product is something other than gear manufacture.

Due to the wide spread usage of 4 and 5 axis VMC’s & turning centers with

C & Y axis, it is now possible, with the right software, to make any worm

reduction gear set.

There is no need for any special tooling or cutters, all that is required is a

standard end mill. Manufacture of large size gears is possible on relatively small

multi axis VMC’s & Turning Centers with C & Y axis. Hence even mass

production costs for larger gear sets actually work out cheaper by this novel

method of manufacture!

Furthermore, in the case of special components, the gear profile can be

machined as part of the component itself, especially on a CNC lathe with C & Y

axis, along with the other turning operations! No need to machine splines /

keyways or fasten the gear on to your driving / driven shaft.

Our service is aimed at those machine shops that do not have gear hobbing

machines & thread whirling machines, but own 4 & 5 axis VMC's or CNC turning

centers / CNC lathes with C & Y axis.

This is an ideal method of manufacture of Prototypes, small / medium batches,

replacements etc. The

tool paths are extremely accurate & optimised for maximum productivity,

keeping the cutter engaged with the component with minimum air cutting.

Our service is aimed at those machine shops that do not have gear hobbing

machines & thread whirling machines, but own 4 & 5 axis VMC's. 

Our method of manufacture involves ‘swarf’ cutting (the diameter of the

tools generates the desired profile as per the figure below). The advantage of this

system is that the tip of the tool (red portion) does the roughing operation (equal to

depth of cut per pass) while the portion above the tip of the same tool (green

portion) does finishing of the profile, by removing a minute portion of material left

behind in the previous pass, by the red portion of the tip of the tool. This is

possible due to the involute profile of the Worm wheel teeth. Hence by

simultaneously using different parts of the same tool for roughing & finishing

operations, the cycle time is minimized. Also, a slight amount of wear that

typically occurs on the tip of the cutter does not affect the profile. Similarly, slight

error in Z offset of the tool does not affect the profile.

he corner radius that is inherent in the process of hobbing can also be

replicated by using an end mill cutter with suitable corner radius as per the figure

below.

Our method of tool path generation is directly created from the raw data like

center distance, ratio, module, Diameteral factor & cutter diameter. We do not first

create the profile & use a CAM post processors to generate the profile. Hence,

there are no losses in accuracy due to conversions in CAD formats etc. We have

developed our own software that creates very accurate tool paths & we only

simulate the tool paths to verify the result.

PASSPORT APPLYING PROCEDURE

Online Form Submission

Step 1 Register through the Passport Seva Online Portal. (Click on "Register Now" link on the Home Page).

Step 2 Login to the Passport Seva Online Portal with the registered Login Id.

Step 3 Click "Apply for Fresh Passport/Re-issue of Passport" link.

Step 4 Fill in the required details in the form and submit.

Step 5 Click the "Pay and Schedule Appointment" link on the "View Saved/Submitted Applications" screen to schedule an appointment.

Online Payment has been made mandatory for booking appointments at all Passport Seva Kendras/Passport Offices.Online Payment can be made using any one of the following modes:

o Credit/Debit Card (MasterCard and Visa)o Internet Banking (State Bank of India (SBI) and Associate Banks Only)o SBI Bank Challan

Step 6 Click the "Print Application Receipt" link to print the application receipt containing Application Reference Number (ARN)/Appointment Number.

Step 7 Visit the Passport Seva Kendra (PSK)/Regional Passport Office (RPO) where appointment has been booked, along with original documents.

PASSPORT APPLYING PROCEDURE THROUGH ONLINE:

REFERENCES

Handbook of Gear Design By Gitin M. Maitra http://passportindia.gov.in/AppOnlineProject/online/procFormSubOnl Design and Application of the Worm Gear By William P. Crosher Design of Machine Elements by V. B. Bhandari Value Stream Mapping: How to Visualize Work and Align Leadership for

Organizational Transformation by Karen Martin, Mike Osterling