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Value of Neonicotinoid Insecticides In MS Cotton. Jeff Gore – MSU, DREC, Stoneville. What are Neonicotinoids ?. A class of insecticides that work on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Systemic Nerve Poisons Examples: Imidacloprid (Admire Pro, Gaucho, Aeris , etc.) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Value of Neonicotinoid Insecticides In MS Cotton
Jeff Gore – MSU, DREC, Stoneville
What are Neonicotinoids?• A class of insecticides that work on the nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors.Systemic Nerve Poisons
• Examples:– Imidacloprid (Admire Pro, Gaucho, Aeris, etc.)– Thiamethoxam (Centric, Cruiser, Avicta, etc.)– Clothianidin (Belay, Nipsit INSIDE, Poncho)– Acetamiprid (Intruder)
What are they used for?• Seed Treatment: Thrips
• Foliar Spray: Tarnished Plant Bug, Cotton Aphid
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0
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Foliar Insect Control: MS DeltaC
ost (
$ pe
r Acr
e)
BollgardBWE
Resistance
Applications for Tarnished Plant Bug
19861988
19901992
19941996
19982000
20022004
20062008
2010
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Hills Delta
No.
Per
Acr
e
93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 080
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2BidrinTobacco BudwormAcephate
Lb a
i / A
Evolution of Insecticide Use Rates
1.1 3.1 5.2 4.9 3.2 7.5 5.5 6.5 60
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Aph
id A
pplic
atio
nsCorrelation Between Lygus Control and Aphid Control
Lygus Applications
r = 0.8401
1 3.1 5.2 4.9 3.2 7.5 5.5 6.5 60
0.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
2
Mite
App
licat
ions
Correlation Between Lygus Control and Mite Control
Lygus Applications
r = 0.9634
Why is it important to know their value?
• European Union uses the Precautionary Principle
• U.S. EPA uses a Risk-Benefit analysis
• Currently, a lot of research focused on the risks of all insecticides, but little research on their benefits
Declining Pollinator Health• Several proposed causal mechanisms
– Viral pathogens– Parasitic mites– Pesticides
• Many agrichemical compounds have been detected in honey bee wax and pollen samples of bees managed near agricultural environments.
• Dow AgroSciences
• Sulfoxaflor
• Section 18 in 2012
• Section 3 Registration in 2013
• 0.7-2.88 oz/A
• True Bugs:cotton aphid, tarnished plant bug
Tarnished Plant Bug• Key pest of cotton in the Mid-South
• Average 6-7 sprays per acre annually
• Highs range from 10-15
• Often high rates and tank mixes
Recommended InsecticidesClass Examples Resistance
Pyrethroid Ammo, Karate, Brigade, etc.
Yes
Organophosphate Bidrin, Acephate YesCarbamate Vydate YesNeonicotinoid Centric, Admire Pro,
IntruderNo
IGR Diamond NoSulfoxamine Transform NoPyridine Carboxamide
Carbine No
ObjectiveTo determine the value of neonicotinoid
insecticides in Mid-South cotton
Materials and Methods• Treatments:
1) No Neonicotinoids
2) Neonicotinoids
3) Neonicotinoids + Sulfoxaflor
• Planted: May 20, 2013 – Bollgard II
• Harvested: October 11, 2013
Materials and Methods• Plots Scouted twice per week
• Insects controlled based on MSU recommendations/thresholds
• All other agronomic practices were the same across treatments (Fertilizer, Herbicides, Defoliant, Irrigation, etc.)
Neonicotinoids No Neonics Neonics + Trans-form
0
1
2
3
4
1
3
1Num
ber
Value of Neonicotinoids in MS CottonThrips Sprays
Insecticides Used - ThripsNeonics Neonics + Transform No NeonicsAeris (Imidacloprid) Aeris (Imidacloprid) Fungicide + Nematicide + Orthene
(1.1 lbs)Bidrin (3.2 oz) Bidrin (3.2 oz) Dimethoate (6.4 oz)
Imidacloprid (2.0 oz) Imidacloprid (2.0 oz) Acephate (0.22 lbs)
Centric (2.0 oz) Transform (1.5 oz) Bidrin (3.2 oz)
Imidacloprid (2) + Diamond (6) Imidacloprid (2) + Diamond (6) Acephate (0.55 lbs)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Transform (1.5) Vydate (17 oz)
Endigo (5.5) + Portal (16) Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Acephate (1.1) + Diamond (6)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Bidrin (8) + Carbine (2) + Portal (16)
Zeal (1 oz)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4)
Bidrin (8) + Diamond (6)
Value of Neonicotinoids in MS CottonTarnished Plant Bug
25-Jun 5-Jul 15-Jul 25-Jul 4-Aug 14-Aug 24-Aug 3-Sep0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350Neonics (6) No Neonics (7) Transform (7)
Perc
ent o
f Thr
esho
ld
=Spray triggered for tarnished plant bug
Value of Neonicotinoids in MS CottonSpider Mites (0=None, 1=Low, 2=Spray, 3=Very High)
25-Jun 5-Jul 15-Jul 25-Jul 4-Aug 14-Aug 24-Aug 3-Sep0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5Neonics (1) No Neonics (2) Transform (0)
Rat
ing
(0-3
)
=Spray triggered for spider mite
Value of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton Cotton Aphid (0=None, 1=Low, 2=Spray, 3=Very High)
25-Jun 5-Jul 15-Jul 25-Jul 4-Aug 14-Aug 24-Aug 3-Sep0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3Neonics (1) No Neonics (1) Transform (0)
Rat
ing
(0-3
)
=Spray triggered for cotton aphid
Insecticides Used – Pre-FlowerNeonics Neonics + Transform No NeonicsAeris Aeris Fungicide + Nematicide + Orthene
(1.1 lbs)Bidrin (3.2 oz) Bidrin (3.2 oz) Dimethoate (6.4 oz)
Imidacloprid (2.0 oz) Imidacloprid (2.0 oz) Acephate (0.22 lbs)
Centric (2.0 oz) Transform (1.5 oz) Bidrin (3.2 oz)
Imidacloprid (2) + Diamond (6) Imidacloprid (2) + Diamond (6) Acephate (0.55 lbs)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Transform (1.5) Vydate (17 oz)
Endigo (5.5) + Portal (16) Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Acephate (1.1) + Diamond (6)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Bidrin (8) + Carbine (2) + Portal (16)
Zeal (1 oz)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4)
Bidrin (8) + Diamond (6)
Insecticides Used –FloweringNeonics Neonics + Transform No NeonicsAeris Aeris Fungicide + Nematicide + Orthene
(1.1 lbs)Bidrin (3.2 oz) Bidrin (3.2 oz) Dimethoate (6.4 oz)
Imidacloprid (2.0 oz) Imidacloprid (2.0 oz) Acephate (0.22 lbs)
Centric (2.0 oz) Transform (1.5 oz) Bidrin (3.2 oz)
Imidacloprid (2) + Diamond (6) Imidacloprid (2) + Diamond (6) Acephate (0.55 lbs)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Transform (1.5) Vydate (17 oz)
Endigo (5.5) + Portal (16) Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Acephate (1.1) + Diamond (6)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Bidrin (8) + Carbine (2) + Portal (16)
Zeal (1 oz)
Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4)
Bidrin (8) + Diamond (6)
Neonicotinoids No Neonics Neonics + Trans-form
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3.01
6.3
2.63
Poun
dsValue of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton
Active Ingredient per Acre
Neonicotinoids No Neonics Neonics + Trans-form
$0.00
$40.00
$80.00
$120.00
$160.00
$200.00
$114.66
$186.14
$99.22
Dol
lars
per
Acr
eValue of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton
Insecticide + Application Costs
Neonicotinoids No Neonics Neonics + Trans-form
14701475148014851490149515001505151015151520
1514
1487
1505
Lbs
Lint
per
Acr
eValue of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton
Yield
NS
Neonicotinoids No Neonics Neonics + Trans-form
$740.00$760.00$780.00$800.00$820.00$840.00$860.00$880.00$900.00$920.00
$887.15
$800.52
$896.51
Dol
lars
per
Acr
eValue of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton
Gross Returns (Cotton = $0.7818)
~ $90.00
Fixed Costs – MSU Budgethttp://www.agecon.msstate.edu/whatwedo/budgets/docs/MSUDELTA13.pdf
• Seed• Technology Fees (Bollgard II/Roundup Flex)• Fungicide/Nematicide Seed Treatments• Fertilizer• Scouting• Weed Control• Plant Growth Regulators• Eradication• Defoliation• Labor• Diesel and Maintenance• Other Fixed Costs (Equipment, etc.)• Gin & Haul
Neonicotinoids No Neonics Neonics + Trans-form
-$30.00-$20.00-$10.00
$0.00$10.00$20.00$30.00$40.00$50.00
$42.15
-$21.49
$42.76
Dol
lars
per
Acr
eValue of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton
Net Returns
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2Mid-South Others
Mill
ion
Acr
es P
lant
edCotton Acres from Selected States
USDA-NASS
Initial decline due tocommodity prices
Input Costs
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2Mid-South Others
Mill
ion
Acr
es P
lant
edCotton Acres from Selected States
USDA-NASS
Without Neonicotinoids
Acknowledgements• Larry Falconer, MSU Extension Economist
– Economic analysis
• Chip Graham, Bayer CropScience– Provided seed with the different seed treatments
• Cotton Incorporated
• National Cotton Council
• MSU MAFES and ES
Jeff Gore, Delta Research and Extension Center(662) 820-9969