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Typifyverb
( typi fies , typi fy ing , typi fied , typi fied ) ( not
usually used in the progressive tenses )1 ~ sth to be a typical
example of sthclothes that typify the 1960sthe new style of
politician, typified by the Prime Minister
2 ~ sth to be a typical feature of sththe haunting guitar
melodies that typify the band's music
Gratificationnoun
[ uncountable , countable ] ( formal )the state of feeling
pleasure when sth goes well for you or when your desires are
satisfied; sth that gives you pleasuresatisfactionsexual
gratification A feed will usually provide instant gratification to
a crying baby. Much to my gratification, my work got a special
mention in her speech.
Ruminateverb
[ intransitive , transitive ] ~ (on/over/about sth) | + speech (
formal )to think deeply about sthponderru min ation / noun [
countable , uncountable ]
Fastidiousadjective
1 being careful that every detail of sth is correctmeticulous
Everything was planned in fastidious detail. He was fastidious in
his preparation for the big day.
2 ( sometimes disapproving ) not liking things to be dirty or
untidy She wasn't very fastidious about personal hygiene.fas tidi
ous ly / adverb fas tidi ous ness / noun [ uncountable ]
poise noun, verb noun
[ uncountable ]1 a calm and confident manner with control of
your feelings or behaviour His performance was full of maturity and
poise. She seemed embarrassed for a moment but quickly recovered
her poise.2 the ability to move or stand in an elegant way with
good control of your body
verb
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[ intransitive , transitive ]to be or hold sth steady in a
particular position, especially above sth else+ adv./prep. The hawk
poised in mid-air ready to swoop.~ sth/yourself to do sth He was
poising himself to launch a final attack.~ sth/yourself +
adv./prep. She poised the javelin in her hand before the throw.
poisedadjective
1 [ not before noun ] in a position that is completely still but
is ready to move at any moment~ (on, above, over, etc. sth) Tina
was tense, her hand poised over the telephone. He stopped writing
and looked at me, pen poised.~ to do sth The cat crouched in the
grass, poised to jump.2 [ not before noun ] ~ (in, on, above, etc.
sth) in a position that is balanced but likely to changein one
direction or anotherThe cup was poised on the edge of the chair.(
figurative ) The world stood poised between peace and war.
3 [ not before noun ] completely ready for sth or to do sthset~
for sth The economy is poised for recovery.~ to do sth The British
team is poised to win the title. Kate is poised to become the
highest-paid supermodel in the fashion world.4 having a calm and
confident manner and in control of your feelings and
behaviourassured He is a remarkably poised young man.
doggedadjective
[ usually before noun ] ( approving )showing determination; not
giving up easily tenaciousdogged determination/persistencetheir
dogged defence of the citydog ged ly / BrE d dli ; NAmE d dli /
adverb
tenaciously Although the men fought doggedly on, a sense of
hopeless despair engulfed them.dog ged ness / BrE d dn s ; NAmE d
dn s / noun [ uncountable ]
tenacity
Condescendverb
1 [ transitive ] ~ to do sth ( often disapproving ) to do sth
that you think it is below your social orprofessional position to
dodeignWe had to wait almost an hour before he condescended to see
us.
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2 [ intransitive ] ~ to sb to behave towards sb as though you
are more important and more intelligentthan they areWhen giving a
talk, be careful not to condescend to your audience.con des cen
sion / noun [ uncountable ] Her smile was a mixture of pity and
condescension. She gave me some friendly advice without a trace of
condescension.
Impertinentadjective
rude and not showing respect for sb who is older or more
importantimpolitean impertinent question/child Would it be
impertinent to ask why you're leaving? im per tin ence / noun [
uncountable , countable , usually singular ] She had the
impertinence to ask my age!
im
per
tin
ent
ly / adverb
im per turb ableadjective
( formal )not easily upset or worried by a difficult situation;
calm His normally imperturbable secretary burst into tears.im per
turb ability / noun [ uncountable ]im per turb ably/ adverb
Protectoratenoun
1 [ countable ] a country that is controlled and protected by a
more powerful country a British protectoratecompare colony2 [
uncountable ] the state or period of being controlled and protected
by another country
