V - USP: The University of the South Pacific · Web viewIt has been able to provide access to materials where print based reporting series have clearly failed to do so. The Emalus

Report from the URC 2002

Table of Contents

IntroductionAdministration of Research at USP

Schools Agriculture Humanities Law Pure and Applied Sciences

Biology Chemistry Engineering Food and Textiles Mathematics and Computing Science Physics Earth Science

Social and Economic DevelopmentAccounting and Financial Management Economics

Geography History/Politics

Land Management and Development Management and Public Administration Marine Affairs Programme Population Studies ProgrammeSociology Tourism Studies Programme

URC Financial Report

Introduction

This report is extracted from the annual reports of the Schools and other university units, including the sections on research (and related consultancies).

Administration of Research at USP

Introduction. This section discusses the basic strategy for administration of research at USP. The details can be found in the procedures documents.

Requirements. The action plan of any organization must take into account the characteristics of that organization and try to optimize for those characteristics. In the case of USP, the University is relatively small and isolated, has a high staff turn-over, and has restricted financial resources. Thus an operational plan must: Use a minimum of staff and financial resources Obtain the maximum benefit at minimum cost of staff and financial resources Be designed for ease of continuing operations with changing staff

In order to achieve these aims, the administrative system should rely on existing administrative procedures as much as possible, decentralize tasks to avoid additional bureaucracy (and associated costs), and have clear, simple procedures that can be maintained over time.

Division of Responsibility. There are several units at USP that need to be considered in the administration of research. Two of these, the Planning and Development Office (PDO) and USPSolutions manage relations with external organizations. Another two, the University Research Committee (URC) and the Institutes (principally the Institute of Applied Sciences (IAS)) manages and carries out research.

The University Research Committee (URC) will fund research by staff (and some students) at USP. URC projects will be primarily concerned with advancing knowledge and understanding rather than commercial applications. Since most of the projects will have a regional focus, the understanding they provide may serve as a basis for economic and social development.

The Schools, Institutes, and University Extension consider projects before they reach the URC. The Schools can give final approval to projects requiring only a small amount of funds.

The Institutes of the University will respond to requests for consultancies, short course training, research and other projects needed in the region.

USPSolutions is the commercial arm of USP. It specializes in the design and delivery of research, consultancy, training and project management services.

The Planning and Development Office (PDO) will manage international aid projects, and can bring research opportunities or funding to the attention of the University Research Committee. The PDO also maintains the USP Directory of Expertise, which provides private and public sector organizations with a listing of available expertise within the University.

Thus the Planning and Development Office and USPSolutions will laise between USP and external organizations, seeking out research opportunities. The Institutes, especially the Institute of Applied Sciences, will carry out externally funded research consultancies, while the University Research Committee manages general research.

School of Agriculture

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Research Summary

The SOA continued to make admirable progress in the area of research despite a dearth of

research equipment and materials. The research efforts are summarized below:

The Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Education focussed its

research activities on Farmer Participation in Agricultural Production and Productivity,

Socio-economics of Production, and some aspects of Agricultural Extension and Education.

In addition to its on-going research on pig, poultry, beef and dairy cattle, sheep and goat, the

Animal Science Department commenced research on 'Integrated Duck-Fish-Chicken

Production System' that could be adopted by the grass roots. Furthermore, the Department

participated in an international, inter-disciplinary submission to Wellcome Trust of a multi-

million bid for a grant to conduct a collaborative research on ''Evidence-Based Evaluation of

Herbal Medicine in the South Pacific Region'.

The Crop Science Department concentrated on Mixed Cropping, Varietal Trials with

Tomato, Plant Pathology, and Nursery Management. In addition, the Department commenced

preliminary, interdisciplinary research into 'The Effect of Environmental Factors on

Kavalactone Content by Ava (Kava) in Samoa'.

In the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, research centred on the

'Development of Integrated Approaches for Sustainable Crop Production in Environmentally

Constrained Systems in the South Pacific Region" - an EU-funded Project with the acronym

'CROPPRO'. In addition to this, the Department conducted research on 'Operation, Safety

and Maintenance of Agricultural Tractors'.

The above research activities were in addition to the numerous undergraduate and

postgraduate students' research project supervised by the staff of the School of Agriculture.

Major Research Achievements

Taro Leaf Blight Disease practically neutralised

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For the first time in more than a decade, Samoa was able to export taro overseas during 2002,

while this crop resumed its role as a major staple in this country. This resulted from continued

research on the Taro Leaf Blight diseased and generation of new, improved and acceptable

taro varieties by the School of Agriculture/Alafua Campus, in collaboration with the Samoa

Ministry of Agriculture, Forests, Fisheries and Meteorology (MAFFM).

Innovative results from research on taro bacilliform virus (TaBV)

Research, conducted in Samoa by a postgraduate student of the School of Agriculture, demonstrated,

for the first time, that the taro bacilliform virus (TaBV) is seed-borne, and can be transmitted by taro

seeds, as well as by mealybugs. For the first time also, the research showed that this virus has at least

one alternative host.

The significance of TaBV being seed-transmissible is far-reaching. Seeds represent the easiest method

of moving taro from one country to another. TaBV can therefore be introduced through seeds into

countries where it did not exist previously. Consequently, every effort must be made to move only

TaBV-free taro seeds,

particularly to countries where colocasia bobone disease virus (CBDV) already occurs. This is

extremely important because, dual infection of taro by CBDV and TaBV is thought to cause the lethal

'alomae' disease of taro, which is currently restricted to Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.

Farming Systems Development

Research on mixed cropping systems, focussed on carrot-dwarf bean and cassava yam bean

systems, produced positive results that indicated that these systems had a yield advantage

over mono-cropping.

CROPPRO Project

The EU-funded research on 'Sustainable Crop Production in Environmentally Constrained

Systems in the South Pacific (CROPPRO)' took off during the later part of 2002. In this

regard, a flume was constructed at a selected outlet in the Papaseea watershed in Samoa, and

various types of research equipment delivered and installed. The collection of the first set of

data commenced towards the end of the year.

The CROPPRO Project addresses the relation between agricultural activities and the

surrounding environment, and focuses on the development of tailor-made farming approaches

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for major crop-soil units, and aims at maximising agricultural production while minimising

environmental deterioration.

School of Humanities

MAJOR RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS

Fiji Institute for Educational Research Several SOH staff have been participants in activities organised by the Fiji Institute for

Educational Research (FIER). Akhila Nand Sharma is the President, and visited the New Zealand

counterpart council to study their work in September. Mary-Anne Fleming is the Secretary, Teweiariki

Teaero is the Publicity Officer and Bisun Deo is a committee member. Govinda Lingam coordinated

the project ‘Understanding Research’, organised by FIER. In October, Purushothama Thimmappa was

invited to be a panellist and present a paper on ‘Conceptualising Research on Classroom Teaching’.

Cresantia Koya-Vaka’uta made a presentation on ‘Selecting a Thesis Topic’. Konai Thaman gave a

public lecture entitled ‘Learning to Be’. Thillainayakam Velayutham gave the FIER keynote speech on

“Learning to Live Together” at the Fiji College of Advanced Education in April and spoke on “Taking

Research to People” at the launching of the first FIER Newsletter in November. Srinivasiah

Muralidhar gave an address entitled “Establishing an agenda for research” at FIER’s Special General

Meeting in April.

Other research initiatives are listed below.

Department of Education and PsychologyAkhila Nand Sharma and Thillainayakam Velayutham are working on a project: “Management of

secondary schools in Fiji: The role of the school management committee”.

With ED391 and ED455 students, Akhila Nand Sharma researched the topic: ”The teacher’s

workbook: Is it an effective planning tool?” The report will be completed after further research.

Collaborative research with Govinda Lingam, “The workbook in schools: A case study”, and with

Purushothama Thimmappa, “Internal assessment in schools in Fiji: A case study”, is in the planning

stage.

Konai Thaman continued her Research and Publication Project of the UNESCO Chair on staff

development for culturally inclusive teaching and learning. This will result in a publication,

Educational Ideas from Oceania that will be used as a major teaching resource for ED253,

and is jointly funded by the UNESCO Chair in Teacher Education and Culture and the

Institute of Education, USP.

Moses Muyangwa and Thillainayakam Velayutham were preparing a paper on student supervision in

the context of post-graduate research.

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Department of Literature and LanguagePacific Languages Unit: A major achievement was the publication of Languages of Vanuatu: A new survey and bibliography, by John Lynch of the PLU and Terry Crowley of the University of Waikato. This volume sets out to survey the linguistic geography of the entire country in the light of the most recent documentation. It also provides intending and experienced linguistic researchers, as well as literacy and educational policy practitioners, with an exhaustive, up-to-date, annotated bibliographical listing for every language in Vanuatu. Other areas of research are as follows:

Robert Early: Translation of I Corinthians into three Epi languages (Vanuatu), Volume of

Paiwanese texts (Taiwan) and an edited collection of Vanuatu language sketch grammars.

John Lynch: Interrelationships between Vanuatu and New Caledonian languages, the Proto Oceanic

bilabials and labiovelars, low vowel dissimilation in Oceanic languages, the origin of the word kava

and dictionaries of the Lenakel and Whitesands languages (Tanna, Vanuatu)

Hans Schmidt: Preparing the Nguna dictionary manuscript for publication (Vanuatu), dialect survey

of Maewo and Gaua languages (Vanuatu), and facilitating fieldwork of Dutch anthropologist Bram de

Wolff.

Apolonia Tamata: A phonology and grammar sketch of the Nasarowaqa dialect of Fijian, language

change in Nasarowaqa dialect, glottal stops in Oceanic languages and a Bua dialect dictionary.

Hannah Vari-Bogiri: The sociolinguistic situation of Araki, South West Santo (Vanuatu), Raga

dictionary (Vanuatu).

Veena Khan and Rajni Chand worked on a major project, the first IELTS Project to be undertaken in

the South Pacific, commissioned and funded by IELTS Australia, and entitled “Assessing the impact of

IELTS Preparation programmes on candidates’ performance on the GT reading and writing modules”.

Co-researchers on this project were Chandra Rao of University Extension and Kate MacPherson

(erstwhile CELT lecturer). The draft report has been submitted.

Veena Khan is doing research in three areas: Difficulties in writing encountered by a group of regional

students; Seminar presentations – the teacher’s perspective; and Practice makes ‘near perfect’?

Rajni Chand and Veena Khan are writing a referencing book for students to supplement the LL114

reader.

Pio Manoa continued his research into Fijian oral texts.

Larry Thomas is currently researching/working on a documentary film on the land issue in Fiji, and a

second documentary with Tarcisius Kabutaulaka on the Solomon Islands crisis.

As the first person to do a PhD in Hindi as a non-resident of India, Vivekanand Sharma has written and

submitted his thesis for Doctor of Literature in Hindi to Ranchi University, India. He also initiated

research on Fiji mein Hindi Bhasha, Sahitya aur Sanskirti: Udbhav aur Vikas (Hindi Language,

Literature and Culture in Fiji: Emergence and Development) as a new research topic for the first time

outside India. In addition, he encouraged and guided students in 300 level courses to carry out research

and write 15000 words dissertation on History of Hindi Literature in Fiji.

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Research (completed in 2002, awaiting publication)Gaskell, I & Robin Taylor, “Testing Audience Response to Wan Smolbag Theatre Company’s

Productions” University Research Committee, Research Project 2002.

Vivekanand Sharma completed his research thesis for DLitt, “Fiji mein Sri Ram aur Ramkavya”,

intended for publication as reference material for 300-level Hindi courses.

PUBLICATIONS

Books authored research

Geraghty, Paul Noda Veikabula Fijian translation of Fiji’s Natural Heritage by Paddy Ryan.

Auckland, Exisle Publishing. 2002.

Hughes, Desma. An Early Start: Promoting Social Competence. Melbourne, Hawker-Brownlow, 2002.

Book ChaptersDeo, Bisun. “Traditional Education, Knowledge and Some Desirable Values Amongst Hindus”.

Theories and Ideas in Education ED253 Reader. University Extension, USP, Suva. (2002)

Gaskell, I. “Introduction,” To Let You Know’ and Other Plays, by Larry Thomas (PWF, USP: 2002): i-

xiv.

Gaskell, I. “The Hybridization of Traditional Performance In Contemporary Fijian Theatre”

Multiculturalisme et Identité en Littérature et en Art. Ed. Jean Bessière et Sylvie André. Paris:

l’Harmattan, 2002, pp125-137.

Geraghty, Paul. “Nadroga Fijian”. The Oceanic Languages. Eds John Lynch, Malcolm Ross and Terry

Crowley. London, Curzon Press, 2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “Gender and Curriculum”. ED255 Introduction to Curriculum Development

Course Book. Unit 11. University Extension, USP, Suva, 2002.

Mugler, France. Translation of La Faune marine en Danger by Enoch Leon. Coral Reefs in the Pacific.

F. Pene and C. Manueli (eds) 2002. p6.

(2002). RJ.

Thomas, Larry. “The Pacific in a Post-colonial Era”. Oceania, Postcolonial Pacific Studies Series 3.

Books EditedSolomona, Ueta. Compiled and edited “Indian Song Book” for ED186. 2nd edition.

Conference Publications/PapersChand, Rajni. “English for Academic purposes by DFL mode at USP”. Paper presented at the XV

Annual Conference of the Asian Association of Open Universities at IGNOU, New Delhi, February 21-

23, 2002.

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Early, Robert. “Work ‘n progress: a cultural corpus; an acrolectal active/passive; an apico-

labial allophone; a special script; and losing languages”. Paper presented to the School of

Language Studies, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 14th October 2002.

Forster, Peter. “Social pressures and their management”. Paper presented at the Methodist

Church in Fiji and Rotuma Conference on “Peace Building and Reconciliation”, August 2002.

Geraghty, Paul. “The language of Vunaqumu and other extinct or moribund Fijian communalects”.

Paper presented at the International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics, ANU, Canberra in January

2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “Parents’ Participation and Involvement in Schools”. Address at the Opening of

the workshop for Teachers, Community Leaders at USP, 18th May 2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “The Role of Teachers in Creating Awareness on HIV/AIDS”. Address at the

opening of the Workshop for Principals, Teachers, Counsellors and Community Leaders at USP, June

2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “Contribution of Culture in Curriculum and National Development”. Address

given at the Head Teachers’ Annual Conference held at Khatri Hall in Nadi, 17-18th October 2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “Promoting Gender Awareness in Schools”. Keynote Address at the opening of a

workshop from selected schools. SSED, USP. 12th October 2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “Partnership in Education”. Address at the Annual Prize Giving at Gospel High

School. December 2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “Professionalism: Continue Own Learning”. Address given at the Workshop for

Suva Primary Teachers. Organised by the IOE Literacy Centre, USP, 11th & 12th March 2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “The Role of Women in the Church”. Guest Speaker at the Anglican Women’s’

Annual General Meeting, St. Matthews, 28th September 2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “The Role of Teachers and School in Parents’ Education and Participation”.

Facilitated a School-Based Workshop for 23 primary school teachers at Rishikul Primary School, 22

May 2002.

Kedrayate, Akanisi. “Prevention of Drugs in Schools”. Opening address at the Workshop and assisted

Joseph Veramu to facilitate the workshop for Principals, School Counsellors and Teachers, USP, 26 th

October 2002.

Lynch, John. “On the origin of the word kava”. Emalus Campus Seminar, 3 May 2002.

Lynch, John. “Overview of the language situation in Vanuatu”. Paper presented to the UNESCO

National Language Conference, Port Vila, October 2002.

Lynch, John. “The bilabials in Proto Loyalties”. Paper presented to the 5 th International Conference on

Oceanic Linguistics, Canberra, January 2002.

Lynch, John. “The languages of Vanuatu”. Paper presented to the Malayo-Polynesian Literature and Arts Festival, Kuala Lumpur, November 2002.

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Lynch, John. “Vitalité des langues vernaculaires et du bichelamar à Vanuatu” (Vitality of vernacular

languages and Bislama in Vanuatu). Seminar presented to the Agence Universitaire de la

Francophonie, Port Vila, May 2002.

Moyse-Faurie, Claire and John Lynch: “Degrees of coordination in Oceanic languages”. Paper

presented to the 5th International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics, Canberra, January 2002.

Schmidt, Hans. “Temathesis in Rotuman”. Paper presented to the 5 th International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics, Canberra, January 2002.

Schmidt, Hans. “The impact of Otto Dempwolff and his scholarship on the Malay world”. Paper presented to the Colloquium on German-speaking scholarship and the Malay world, Kuala Lumpur, March 2002.Schmidt, Hans. “The role of PLU and USP in documenting the indigenous languages of

Vanuatu”. Paper presented to the UNESCO National Language Conference, Port Vila,

October, 20022=.

Sharma, Akhila Nand. “Culture Sensitive Research: A Fiji case study”. Paper presented at the

New Zealand Association for Research in Education Annual Conference at Massey

University in December 2002.

Sharma, Vivekanand. “Hindi Language and Literature in Fiji”. Paper presented at the

University of Delhi, India. January 2002.

Teaero, Teweiariki. “Fundamentals of educational planning at the institutional level”. Paper presented

at a Leadership Workshop for Junior Secondary School Principals organised by the Ministry of

Education, Training and Technology, in Tarawa, Kiribati in December 2002.

Teaero, Teweiariki. “Key requirements in seminar presentations”. Paper presented at a Training

Workshop for new USP students at the Tarawa Technical Institute, January 2002.

Teaero, Teweiariki. “Problems confronting art education in secondary schools in the small island states

of the Pacific”. Paper commissioned by UNESCO for the Meeting of Experts in the Arts, Nadi,

November 2002.

Teaero, Teweiariki. The role of traditional art, culture and knowledge in secondary schools in the small

island states of the Pacific”. Paper commissioned by UNESCO for the Meeting of Experts in the Arts,

Nadi, November 2002.

Thaman, K.H. “A Tree of Opportunity for teachers of tomorrow”. Keynote address, Council

of Pacific Education Biennial Conference, Nadi, August 26-29, 2002.

Thaman, K.H. “Culturally inclusive teaching and learning in higher education”. Keynote

address, International conference on Higher Education in the 21st century. Malaysia, Sept. 23-

27, 2002.

Thaman, K.H. “Re-claiming and re-centering Pacific education”. Keynote address at the Re-

thinking Vanuatu Education Together Conference. Port Vila, Oct. 14-18, 2002.

Thaman, K.H. “Re-presenting and Re-searching Oceania: Suggestion for synthesis”. Keynote

address, Pacific Island Health Research Fono, Auckland, Sept.2-6, 2002.

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Thaman, K.H. “Vaa – a foundation for peace and inter-cultural understanding”. Paper

presented at the Asia Pacific Centre of Education for International Understanding Experts’

Workshop, Suva, July 2002.

Thimmappa, P.R. “Practitioner-based Enquiry in the Stakeholders’ Perceptions and the South Pacific

Teacher Education Programme”. Paper presented at the EWC/EWCA International Conference, Kuala

Lumpur, Malaysia, July 2002.

Thomas, Larry. “Reflecting the Past, Moving Forward: In search of a Fijian identity”. Paper presented

at the seminar entitled India and Australia: Culture, history and society organised by the India

International Society, New Delhi.

Tuinamuana, Katarina. “Global Discourses and Local Culture/s of Practice: Policy and practice in Fiji

secondary teacher education”. Paper presented at the annual conference of

the Australian and New Zealand Comparative and International Education Society.. December 2002.

Vari-Bogiri, Hannah. “The UNESCO project on the Endangered Languages of Vanuatu”.

Paper presented at the Translation and Literacy Program Conference, Port Vila, September

2002.

Scholarly Reviews and Comments

Geraghty, Paul. Review of Patrick Vinton Kirch and Roger Green “Hawaiki, Ancestral Polynesia: An

essay in historical anthropology”. Journal of the Polynesian Society 111 (2):173-5

Lynch, John. “Response.” In Book Review Forum (Review of John Lynch, Pacific languages: An Introduction). Pacific Studies 24, 3 & 4 (2001). 104-109.

Lynch, John. Review of Steven Roger Fischer & Wolfgang Sperlich (eds.), Leo Pasifika: Proceedings

of the Fourth International Conference on Oceanic Linguistics. Oceanic Linguistics 41,1(2002). 248-

252.

Professional and Technical Reports

Hughes, Desma. (2002) “Qualitative study on child protection practices: Vanuatu report”, Vanuatu,

USP.

Major Original Creative Works

Koya-Vaka’uta, Frances had her poem, “Fairy Tale” published in a quarterly anthology, Best Poems

and Poets of 2002, published by the International Library of Poetry.

Solomona, Ueta. Original music compositions: Alleluia to God – Rock postlude for Choir and

Orchestra: Hear my Cry, O God – composed for the funeral of Maca Tora; Vakacaucautaka na Kalou

– composed for the USP Choir; Come to Me – a choral anthem; and Veiuto Song, with words by Pio

Manoa.

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Solomona, Ueta. Musical Arrangement: Soma e Sauai o no Oso – by Mataita Pene Solomona for treble

voice.

Teweiariki Teaero drew some of the illustrations for the IOE’s publication Coral Reefs in the Pacific

and four illustrations for SPAN 52. He also designed the mural outside the main office of the Pacific

Regional Seminary to commemorate their 30th Anniversary. In March, he exhibited original pen-and-

ink drawings at the Kiribati High Commission during the opening of their new Chancery in Suva.

Thomas, Larry. “To Let You Know and Other Plays”. Pacific Writing Forum. 2002.

Thomas, Larry. “Floating”. SPAN 52 April 2002.

Videotapes and Films

Teweiariki Teaero produced the video Ana moan eweati Nareau: the inauguration of the Kiribati High

Commission in Fiji, videotaped and edited at the USP Media Centre.

Larry Thomas co-wrote and directed a 15-minute video entitled “Getting Better Media”.

Other Works (non-books)

Geraghty, Paul. Various notes and translations of Fijian songs and meke in Music of the South Pacific:

Recordings by David Fanshawe. Booklet accompanying CD. East Grinstead, UK. ARC Music

International.

Periodical and Newspaper articles

Lingam, G.I. . “Multi-class Teaching: Implications for Teacher Preparation”. Pacific Curriculum

Network. 10 (1):22-26 (June, 2001)

Lingam, G.I. “Professional Upgrading: the case of primary school teachers in the Pacific region”.

Pacific Curriculum Network. 10 (2):23-26. (December 2001)

Sharma, A. “The Teacher’s Workbook: Is it an effective planning tool?” Pacific Curriculum Network 10 (1):4 (June 2001).Sharma, V. “Fiji mein Hindi: Pragati ke path par” p. 1; “Hindi vishwabhasha hai” p. 2; “Ashad ka ek

Din” p. 3. Lahar (Hindi newsletter) 15, (Aug 2002).

Sharma, V. “Girmithon ki punyasmriti mein” p. 1; “Kaal ke munha mein samaya Siriya Jahaj” p. 3; “Kya aap jaante hain” p. 4. Lahar (Hindi newsletter) 14, (April-May 2002)Sharma, V. “Pravasi Bhartiya Hindi Bhushan” p. 1; “Hindi ke Jaichand” p. 2; “Udte-udte” p. 2; “Hindi

ke Badhte Kadam” p. 3; “Kya aap jaante hain” p. 4. Lahar (Hindi newsletter) 13, (March 2002)

Subramani. “Is there a Role for Truth?”, The Fiji Times, (22 May):7, 9.

Subramani. “The loss of a mother tongue”, The Fiji Times, (25 July):7

Subramani. “Creating an Enlightened Culture”, The Fiji Times, (3 October):7

Veramu, J. “Training Effective Teachers”, Daily Post, (29 Feb): 4.

Veramu, J. “What do Students Think of Geography?” Daily Post, (27 Jan): 4.

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General Website

France Mugler (as member of an international team) Evaluating English Accents Worldwide, an

international accent attitude survey, coordinated by Donn Bayard (till September) and James Green,

Department of Anthropology, Otago University, New Zealand.

http://www.otago.ac.nz/anthropology/Linguistic/Accents.html

Shailendra Singh: Opinion: Of croaking Toads, liars and ratbags for the Pacific Media Watch website,

(1st November). It appeared also on the AsiaNews website of the University of California, (29 th

November).

Peter Forster wrote an original article for the Daily Post 7th Nov. reporting on a survey of parents’

views about violence on Fiji Television: http://www.blue-oceans.com/education/tv_violence.html.

School of Law


The most significant research achievements of the School have been as follows:

The publication of books and articles on South Pacific legal systems by members of the School. These are indicated below.

The establishment and continued publication of the Journal of South Pacific Law as an online journal.

The establishment of the Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute internet law reporting project.

The creation of an online course delivery system using Zope software.

The winning of project grants in respect of particular research projects on South Pacific legal systems, as detailed below.

The development of a profile in South Pacific law.

It is important to not that the School of Law is the only law school in the region. It provides the major impetus towards legal research for the region, although there are academics located in other institutions around the world who maintain specialisations in South Pacific law. In many respects the work undertaken by the School is ground breaking simply because many aspects of the legal systems of the region have not been subjected to legal research or have been researched only in an incidental way.

When the law programme began in 1994 there were very few legal texts relating to South Pacific law. Legal research was often undertaken on a relatively haphazard basis by paid consultants from outside the region. To date there have been at least nine major texts produced by legal academics in the School of Law with a further five in the course of production. The Journal of South Pacific Law has become a focus for

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http://www.otago.ac.nz/anthropology/Linguistic/Accents.html

the publication of South Pacific legal research. The School has produced incidental research papers through its occasional papers series.

Aside from that the graduate programme of the School has produced already a significant volume of research material for the benefit of future legal researchers.

In the area of research resources the activities of the School particularly in the area of internet based law reporting has made available to legal researchers volumes of primary resource material which would not otherwise have been available. The PacLII site alone contains more that 4000 legal documents and this grows daily. It has been able to provide access to materials where print based reporting series have clearly failed to do so. The Emalus Campus library law resources section online provides a significant source of legal information and access to law resources of the region where previously little was available.

It can be said with confidence that the activities of the Law School in the areas of research identified above have provided an essential service to the legal and other communities of the region. They have lifted the profile of legal research in the region. They have contributed substantially to the quality of legal research in the region, the quality of justice and the accessibility to legal information beyond original expectations.

Reference List

(A) Books – authored research:

Hughes Robert A. and Ahmadu Mohammed and “Company Law in the South Pacific”, Institute of Justice and Applied Legal Studies, Suva, 2001, 175 pages

MacFarlane Peter (with Reid) The Queensland Health Law Handbook (2002 edition) GoPrint, Brisbane, 2002, 237 pages

MacFarlane Peter (with Ross) Lawyer's Responsibility and Accountability (2nd Edition) Butterworths, Sydney, 427 pages

(B) Book Chapters:

Ahmadu, Mohammed “Labour Relations Law and the Conditions of Workers in Vanuatu”, in The Impact of Labour Law on Workers in Asia and the Pacific, Asia Monitor Resource Centre, Hong Kong, 2002

Ahmadu, Mohammed “Labour Relations Law and the Conditions of Workers in Samoa”, in The Impact of Labour Law on Workers in Asia and the Pacific, Asia Monitor Resource Centre, Hong Kong, 2002

Cordonnery, Laurence “Environmental Law Issues in the South Pacific and the Quest for Sustainable Development and Good Governance”, in (Jowitt, A., Newton-Cain, T., eds.) Passage of Change: Law, society and governance in the Pacific, Pandanus Press, Canberra, 2002

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Cordonnery, Laurence “Legal Developments in the Conservation and Management of Highly Migratory and Straddling Fish Stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean”, in (Jowitt, A., Newton-Cain, T., eds.) Passage of Change: Law, society and governance in the Pacific, Pandanus Press, Canberra, 2002.

Farran, Sue Chapter “Intellectual Property Law in the South Pacific” in International Encyclopaedia of Laws, published by Kluwer. (Due Publication 2003)

Fraser, Ian "Huna Rights versus Custom in the Pacific: Struggle, Adaptation of Game", Passage of Change. Ed. Jowitt A. and Newton Cain T., Pandanus: Canberra, 2003. 185-198.

Hughes Robert A. (with Tagini P.) "Federated States of Micronesia", Legal Systems of the World, Ed. Kritzer B. ABC CLIO: Santa Barbara, 2002, 1024-1029.

Hughes Robert A. (with Tagini P.) "Tuvalu", Legal Systems of the World, Ed. Kritzer B. ABC CLIO: Santa Barbara, 2002, 1024-1029.

Hughes Robert A. "Corruption" Passage of Change. Ed. Jowitt A and Newton Cain T. Pandanus: Canberra, 2003. 35-50.

Hughes Robert A. "Legal Pluralism and the Problem of Identity", Passage of Change. Ed. Jowitt A. and Newton Cain T., Pandanus: Canberra, 2003. 329-351.

Jowitt, Anita “The Nature of Human Rights” in Jowitt, A. & Newton Cain, T. (eds) Passage of Change: Law, society and governance in the Pacific Pandanus Press: Canberra, 2003

(C) Journal Articles – refereed articles in scholarly journals:

Hughes Robert A. (with Lakshman C.) "Fiji Islands; Failure of Constitutionalism" Victoria University of Wellington Law Review Vol 32 No. 1, December (2001), 915-952.

Cordonnery, Laurence “Le nouveau régime juridique des stocks de thonidés dans le Pacifique centre-ouest : les enjeux d’une gestion durable », Revue Juridique Polynésienne, (2002) Volume 2, Numéro Hors Série, pp.241-256.

Cordonnery, L., 2002, « A note on the 2000 Convention for the Conservation and Management of Tuna in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean », Ocean Development and International Law, Volume 33, issue N°1, pp.1-15.

Farran, Sue (with Jennifer Corrin Care) “Seductive Company’: Contract, Tort or Obligations” (2002) 19 UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal 201-239.

Farran, Sue “South Pacific Land Law: Consideration of Some Regional Challenges, Cases and Developments” (2002) 32 Victoria University of Wellington Law Review Issue 4, 953-972

Farran, Sue “Learning from students in the South Pacific: Names, Customary Land Tenure and Student Perceptions” (2002) 1 Journal of Commonwealth Law and Legal Education.

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Farran, Sue “Land in Vanuatu: Moving Forwards, Looking Backwards” (2002) II Revue Juridique Polynesienne.

Jowitt, Anita “Vanuatu” The Contemporary Pacific: A Journal of Island Affairs 14:2 461 – 467, 2002

Zan, Myint Review article “Misremembrance of an Uprising” (2000) 4 (2) The Newcastle Law Review, pp. 101-119 (March 2002)

Zan, Myint “Woe Unto Ye Lawyers: Three Royal Orders Concerning Pleaders in Early 17 th Century Burma” (2000) 44 (1) The American Journal of Legal History, pp. 40-72. (April 2002)

(D) Books Edited:

Jowitt, Anita (with Newton-Cain, T.), eds. Passage of Change: Law, society and governance in the Pacific, Pandanus Press, Canberra, 2002.

(E) Conference publications:

Ahmadu Mohammed, “The Role of the State in Public International Contracts in the South Pacific” Paper presented to Australasian Law Teachers Association Conference, September 29- 2 October 2002, Perth, Australia

Farran, Sue “Land Tenure in Vanuatu: Myth or Reality” paper presented at FAO/USP/RICS Foundation Symposium: South Pacific Land Tenure Conflict, Suva, April 2002 to appear in a published collection of Conference papers.

Farran, Sue ‘New Rules of Civil Procedure: Update and Developments” Chief Justice’s Conference, July 2002

Hughes Robert A. “Development of the PacLII Database" Paper presented to the Australasian Law Teachers Association Conference, Perth, Australia, September 2002.

Hughes Robert A. “The Failures of Juridical Legal Pluralism" Paper presented to the Australasian Law Teachers Association Conference, Perth, Australia, September 2002.

Jowitt, Anita “A framework for HIV law reform” Pacific Regional Youth Congress on HIV/AIDS, Nadi, September 2002

Jowitt, Anita “Creating a framework for legal change in the South Pacific” XIV International AIDS Conference, Barcelona, July 2002

MacFarlane, Peter “The Importance of Ethics to Scientific Research” presented to Vanuatu National Scientific Council Forum, Port Vila, November 2002.

MacFarlane, Peter, Paper entitled “Legal Ethics and Professional Responsibility” to Vanuatu Judicial Forum. November 2002.

Cordonnery, Laurence Paper entitled "Fisheries Management in the Southern Ocean: Drawing Lessons from CCAMLR" to Forum Fisheries Agency/World Wildlife Fund

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Workshop Proceedings on the Future of Access Agreements in the South Pacific, 27-28 June 2002, Nadi, Fiji.

Paterson, Don “Conflicts arising from Management and Use of Customary Lord”, paper presented to South Pacific Conference on Transforming Land Conflict, FAO/USP/RKS, Suva, Fiji 10-12 April 2002.

Paterson, Don “Development and Management of Customary Land : Challenges and Issues”, paper presented to Conference on the Management and Use of Customary Land, Emalus Campus, 4 July 2002.

Paterson, Don “The Land Tribunals and Tenure Reform” paper presented to Vanuatu Update: 2002, sponsored by ANU and USP, Club Vanuatu, Port Vila, 22 July 2002.

Paterson, Don “Religion and the Law in the South Pacific”, paper presented to Conference on New Impulse on the Interaction of Law and Religion, Brigham Young University, Provo Utah, USA, 5-9 October 2002.

(F) Scholarly reviews and comments:

Hughes Robert A. “Review of Harris, B. A New Constitution for Australia, Cavendish, London, 2002, ISBN 1 876905 06 9, pp. 313” in Journal of South Pacific Law, (2002) Volume 9 No. 1 at http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/hughesharr.

(G) Professional and technical reports:

Hughes Robert A. (with Finlayson C. and Webb J.) “Report on Practical Legal Education in New Zealand”, Council of Legal Education of New Zealand, Wellington, January 2002.

Hughes Robert A. (with Chay A. and McIntyre K.) “Report on Practical Legal Education and the Institute of Justice and Applied Legal Studies”, Suva, June 2002.

(H) Other Publications and Presentations

Cordonnery, L., 2002, Conference Report on the 51st Meeting of the Forum Fisheries Committee and Sub-Regional Arrangements, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia, May 2002, University of the South Pacific. Faerua, Arthur Case note on Police Prosecutor v Willie Benson in Journal of South Pacific Law, (2002) Volume 9 No. 1 at http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/faerua

Jowitt, Anita Working Paper “Reconceptualising Labour Markets in the South Pacific” in Journal of South Pacific Law, (2002) Volume 9 No. 1 at http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/ajlabour

Jowitt A Effective Responses to Regional Issues – A Pacific Perspective on HIV (2002) http://www.gaje.net.au/jowitt.htm

Jowitt, Anita Seminar presentation “Reconceptualising labour markets in the South Pacific” Judge Institute of Management, University of Cambridge, 8 Jan 2002

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http://www.gaje.net.au/jowitt.htm

http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/ajlabour

http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/faerua

http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/hughesharr

Farran S. Working Paper “Land Leases: Research: Ministerial Leases in Efate, Vanuatu ” in Journal of South Pacific Law, (2002) Volume 9 No. 1 at http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/farranwp

Farran, Sue Research report “The Role of Women’s Rights Groups in Legal Reform” (Research funded by Law Dept Research Funding Grant)

Farran, Sue Research Report on Land Leases in Efate: URC Funded Research Report

MacFarlane, Peter Working Paper “The Teaching of Legal Ethics at the Undergraduate Level ” in Journal of South Pacific Law, (2002) Volume 9 No. 1 at http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/macethics

MacFarlane, Peter Working Paper “The Importance of Ethics and the Application of Ethical Principles to the Legal Profession” in Journal of South Pacific Law, (2002) Volume 9 No. 1 at http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/maclegethics

Zan, Myint Book Review of Legal Traditions of the World (Oxford University Press, 2000) by H. Patrick Glenn, in Journal of South Pacific Law (2002) Volume 9 No 1 at http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/glenn

Zan, Myint “The Three Nixon Cases and their Parallels in Malaysia” (2001) 13 (3) St. Thomas Law Review, pp. 743-784. (published December 2001)

Zan, Myint “The Milosevic and LaGrand Cases: Landmarks for the International Rule of Law?” (2001) 10 (2) Human Rights Defender , pp. 13-16.

Zan, Myint “Stephen Jay Gould: A (Personal Tribute)” (June 2002) Thuriya Journal, pp. 28-32

Zan, Myint “ A Son’s Tribute to an Ivory Prince” (July 2002) Thuriya Journal, pp. 27-32

Zan, Myint Translations of five Burmese Poems into English “Attachment”, “How Fair and Righteous a Person Am I!”, “Marching Backwards”, “Wait and See History Unfolds”, “The Power of the Dark Night” , “Let’s Cry if We Do Not Want to Laugh”, “Night and Day” (2002) 45/46 Tenggara, Journal of Southeast Asian Literature, pp. 24-31.

Zan, Myint Seminar presentation “International Law, Crimes Against Humanity and Human Rights Limits to National Security Justification for Internationally Wrongful Conduct”, presentation given at Workshop for Disciplined Services: National Security and Human Rights, 13th December 2001 at Raintree Lodge, Suva, Fiji.

Zan, Myint Newspaper articles:

“Fiji’s Legal Wranglings” , Port Vila Presse, ( 8 March 2002) “Crimes Against Humanity: “Immunity” v Impunity”, Korea Times ( 14 March 2002) “On Unsigning the International Criminal Court Treaty”, Manila Times, 15 April

2002. “Use of nuclear weapons: A Theoretical Conundrum or a Major Loophole?” Manila

Times, 20-21 July 2002. “World Court v USA” Pacific Weekly Review, August 24-30, 2002 “Bully for Carter and a Kick in the Leg for Dubya?”, Jordan Times, 15 October

2002. “A Burmese Poem of Attachment” , Campus Review (Australia), 15 October 2002.

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http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/glenn

http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/macethics

http://law.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/jspl/current/farranwp

“Best and, Most Interesting Reads of 2002” Jordan Times, 9 December 2002.

Paterson, Don Book Review “Custom and the Law (eds.) Paul de Deckker and Jean-Yves Faberon, Asia Pacfic Press, ANU, 2001” in Vol. 25, Journal of Pacific Studies, May 2001; pp146-148.

School of Pure and Applied Sciences

Biology


The major research achievements of the department are outlined below. Additional details can be seen in Part 2, Chapter 3 ; Research.

Determination of sex ration in Papaya – Dr Anand Tyagi and Dr Anjeela Jokhan

Comparison of plant regeneration from root, shoot and leaf explant – leaf explants were found

most responsive for plant regeneration through tissue culture – Dr Anand Tyagi and others.

Centromeric localization and adaptive evolution of an Arabidopsis histone H3 variant – Dr Anand

Tyagi and others.

Cytogenetics and reproductive biology of mangroves of Fiji – Dr Anand Tyagi.

Cytogenetics and reproductive biology of Bele cultivars – Dr Anand Tyagi

Development of Flourscent In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) protocol – Dr Anand Tyagi

Predatory impact of mangoose on Fijian fauna – Dr Craig Morley.

1. Research and Postgraduate Supervision

The Department’s research focus continued to be in the area of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology, Ecology, Conservation Biology, Plant Physiology, Marine Biology and Animal Behaviour. New research projects were prepared and submitted for funding in the field of Conservation Biology, Plant Biology and Plant Molecular Genetics. Dr Craig Morley’s research project in Conservation Biology and Mr Gunnar Keppel’s research project in Plant Biology were approved. Additional

funding for Dr Anand Tyagi’s and Dr Craig Morley’s project was approved this year. Dr Anjeela

Jokhan’s project on Kava DNA was approved by the URC.

Dr Anand Tyagi and Dr Anjeela Jokhan continued supervising postgraduate students in their M.Sc

research projects as follows :

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Dr Anand Tyagi - 1. Mr Prem Naidu

2. Mr Simione Johnson

3. Ms Shafiya Khan (withdrawn)

4. Ms Susana Tuisese (suspended her studies)

Dr Anjeela Jokhan - 1. Ms Leena Dutt

2. Ms Shafiya Khan (withdrawn)

3. Ms Ema Tora Vueti

Prof. Robin Meakins - 1. M. A. Hasan. Reproductive Biology of the Tiger shrimp: Penaeus

semisulcatus (Decapoda; Penaeidae), Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Awarded M.Sc in Zoology October,

2002, Kuwit University.

Research Activities

1. Research Projects:

a) Dr Anand Tyagi is working on the following research projects.

i) Determination of Genetic variation in some important Native Fijian Plant

Species of evolutionary and Economic importance (Principal Researcher).

Funded by the University Research Committee (URC) (Principal

Researcher).

ii) Seed viability in taro (Colocasia esculenta) after storage at different

temperatures with varying moisture contents with Dr Anjeela Jokhan

(Principal Researcher).

Funded by the International Development consultants and Project Managers

(ACIL Australia Pty Ltd.)

b) Dr Anjeela Jokhan is working on Taro seed viability which did not progress well

since various batches of seeds were tried for germination but without much success.

This work is continuing (with Dr Tyagi)

i) The study of stomatal apertures using Chinese cabbage epidermal peels is in

progress to observe the effects of pH, abscisic acid and Ca2+ (Principal

Researcher).

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c) Dr Craig Morley is working on the predatory impacts of mongoose (Herpestes

javanicus) on Fiji’s outer islands. This year he visited the islands of Beqa, Viwa

(Tailevu), Moturiki, Malake, Nananu-I-ra, Drvuni, Laucala and Kioa as part of his

work.

d) Mr Gunnar Keppel is currently involved in three major research projects. He is

setting up a 16 ha permanent plot in a forest reserve at the Savura Catchment in Viti

Levu. Within this plot all trees with a stem diameter greater than 1 cm will be

mapped. The results will reveal much about the ecology and spatial distribution of

many lowland rainforest tree species in Fiji.

e) Dr Ketan Christi is doing faecal samples from cattle, goat, pony, pountry and duck.

These were examined microscopically for gastro-intestinal parasitic infestation.

2. PUBLICATIONS AND CONFERENCE PRESENTATION

Al-Zaidan, ASY, Jones, DA, Al-Mohanna, S.Y and Meakins, RH. Endemic macrofauna of the Sulaibikhat Bay Salt Marsh and Mudflat Habitats, Kuwait: Status and Need for Conservation. Journal of Arid Environments.Appana, S.D. and Vuki V., (submitted) A novel method of assessing bioerosion by sea urchins Echinometra sp. A on a Fijian reff. South Pacific Journal of Natural Sciences.

Appana, S.D. (submitted) Abundance, spatial distribution and bioerosion of sea urchins, Echinometra spp. On the Nukubuco Reef, Suva, Fiji. (Abstract only). South Pacific Journal of Natural Sciences.

Appana, S.D., Babcock, R.C. and Meakins R. (in preparation) Starvation risk or predation pressure: How is the cryptic behaviour of Evechinus chloroticus affected by the simulated sub-lethal predation in and outside marine reserves: Science.

Caley, P. and Morley, C. (2002). Assessing growth rates of European rabbit populations using spotlight transect counts. Journal of Wildlife Management. 66(1): 131-137.

Ghazanfar, S.A.,. Keppel, G and. Khan, S. 2001. Vegetation of smaller islands of Fiji. New Zealand Journal of Botany 39 (4): 587-600.

Keppel, G. 2001. Notes on the Natural History of Cycas seemannii (Cycadaceae). South Pacific Journal of Natural Sciences 19: 35-42.

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Keppel, G. 2002. Low genetic variation in a Pacific cycad. Conservation concerns for Cycas seemannii (Cycadaceae). Oryx 36 (1): 41-49.

Keppel, G., Lee, S.-W and Hodgskiss, P.D. 2002. Evidence for long isolation among populations of a Pacific cycad: Genetic diversity and differentiation in Cycas seemannii A. Br. (Cycadaceae). Journal of Heredity 93 (2): 133-139.

Keppel, G., Thomson, L. and Senivasa, E.. 2002. Agathis macrophylla – Melanesia’s big tree (abstract only). IN: International Araucariaceae Symposium, Auckland, New Zealand, March 14-17, 2002 – Abstracts, M. Wilcox and R. Bielski (eds.). International Dendrology Society.

Khan, S., Tyagi, A.P. and Jokhan A.D. 2002. Sex ratio in Hawaian papaya (Carica papaya) variety “Solo”. South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, 20: 22-24.

Meakins, R H and Al-Mohanna, S Y. Some Problems and the Importance of Reptile Biodiversity in Kuwait. Journal of Arid Environments.

Moelry, C.G. (2002). Ferret (Mustela furo) abundance, survival and recruitment on farmland in North Centerbury, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 29: 23-31.

Morley, C.G. (2002). Evaluating the performance of PIT tags and ears tags in a capture-recapture experiment. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 29: 143-148.

Rigamoto, R.R., and Tyagi, A.P., 2002. Pollen fertility status in Coastal plant species of Rotuma Island. South Pacific Journal of Natural Sciences, 22: 30-33.

Rigamoto, R.R., Tyagi, A.P. and Thaman, R. 2002. Ethnobotanical importance of the coastal plant species of Rotuma Island. Paper presented in the 1st Regional Chemistry Symposium of the Chemical Society of the South Pacific (RCS-1), 8-9 July 2002, USP, Suva, Fiji.

Talbert, P. B., Masuelli, R., Tyagi, A.P., Comai, L. and Henikoff, S. 2002. Centromeric localization and adaptive evolution of an Arabidopsis histone H3 variant. The Plant Cell, 14: 1053 – 1066.

Tyagi, A.P., Comai, L. and Byers, B. 2001. Comparison of plant regeneration from root, shoot and leaf explants in Pigeon pea

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(cajanus cajan) cultivars. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 33: 59 – 71.

Tyagi, A.P., 2002. Cytogenetics and reproductive biology of mangroves in Rhizophoraceae. Australian Journal of Botany, 50: 601 – 605.

Tyagi, A.P. 2002. Location and inter-seasonal variation in flowering, propagule setting and propagule size in Mangrove species of the family Rhizophoraceae. Wetlands Ecology and Management.

Tyagi, A.P. 2002. Chromosomal Pairing and Pollen viability in Rhizophora mangle and Rhizophora stylosa hybrids. South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, 20: 1-3.

Tyagi, A.P. 2002. Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology of some Bele (Abelmoschus manihot Linn. Medic., Sub-species manihot) cultivars. South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, 20: 4-8.

Other Publications

Jokhan, A.D. 2001. Basic Science. A revision Guide (Book). Pacific Educational Resources (Fiji) Ltd., Lautoka.

Lal, P. 2000. Lime x Tester Analysis for combining ability in sugarcane. M.Sc Thesis.

Lal, R. 2001. Comparison of cardiac structure and function in runners and weight trainers. Oceania sports and Information Center, USP Library.

Lal, R. 2001. Physiological and Pharmacological Properties of natural product extracted from the marine sponge, Xestospongia. M.Sc. Thesis.

Rigamoto, R. 2002. A Floristic Survey of the coastal Littoral Vegetation of Rotuma. M.Sc Thesis.

Sant, R. 2001. Cryopreservation of Taro (colocaria esculenta var. esculenta). M.Sc. Thesis.

Chemistry

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RESEARCH AND CONSULTANCY

Research effort is increasingly being directed in areas recognised both in the University Strategic Plan and more widely in the region as being crucial for the sustainable development and well being of the people of the Pacific Island Countries. These include Natural Product Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry and Food Chemistry, all of which can have important ramifications for the improvement of the agriculturally based economies of the island countries. Also included are Environmental and Analytical Chemistry which can play an important role in understanding, utilising and conserving the vulnerable resources of small island countries. All of these areas have considerable scope for interdisciplinary research and greater effort is being directed towards developing such research programmes.

The Department’s not insubstantial research achievement to date has been more incidental than the result of careful research planning. To sustain and further enhance research achievement, a department research plan has been developed the implementation of which will see further advancement in overall research productivity in the department.

The Department has been successful in increasing its outreach to the community through participation in scientific gatherings, giving popular lectures, and publishing research findings in local, regional and international outlets.

Measures have been initiated to forge greater and more meaningful links with the department’s stakeholders through the formation of an advisory group. The advisory group is expected to provide an avenue for establishing links which can further enhance the relevance and application of the department’s activities and programmes for the benefit of the regional people.

RESEARCH DETAILS

As in previous years, research was focussed in the areas of terrestrial and marine natural product chemistry; food chemistry; analytical chemistry; polymer chemistry; and environmental chemistry related to the atmosphere, inland, coastal and marine water bodies. All of these areas are aligned with the academic priority areas of the university strategic plan and the department will continue to focus in these areas in the future.

a. Terrestrial and Marine Natural Product Chemistry

The Natural Products Research group in the department consists of Professor Sotheeswaran, Dr Sadaquat Ali, Dr Tevita Voro and Dr Mani Naiker. During the year, Dr Tevita Voro was given a 5-month sabbatical leave, which he spent at the University of Loughborough working with Professor Roger Smith. The sabbatical attachment enabled him to use state-of-the art instrumental facilities such as GC-MS (gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer) and LC-MS (liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer) to conduct chemical analysis of a number of Fiji plant extracts. Other research collaborations of the group are with the University of Melbourne, University of New Caledonia and ICSN, France

Some of the projects of the group include isolation and identification of useful active metabolites from various marine organisms, from the popular local herbal drink kava (Piper methysticum), and from noni or kura (Morianda citrifolia). A Fiji-wide survey to determine the extent of use of noni as a herbal medicine was undertaken during the year, and some members of the group also participated in a regional kava symposium that was held to consider, amongst

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other things, implications of recent health concerns associated with consumption of kava products.

Various members of this research group are jointly supervising the MSc research of several postgraduate students. These include Ruth Amos, Shilpa Kumar, Kirti Patel, Shibani Nand, and Sachin Singh. Two seminars were organised in this research area. The first titled “Adventures in marine natural products chemistry” was presented by a research group from the Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The second was presented by Dr Ali AL Mourabit, a visiting natural product chemist from ICSN, France.

b. Food Chemistry

Researchers working in the area of food chemistry currently include Professor Sotheeswaran, Dr Mani Naiker, and Dr Matakite Maata. Projects are on pesticide residue analysis in fruits and vegetables, nutrient composition of edible algae, and antioxidants in and glycemic index of certain common Fiji foods. With Dr Maika Vuki’s departure from the department in August, Professor Sotheeswaran is now supervising the MSc research of Satendra Prasad who is working on the pesticide project. The research on glycemic index is being conducted in collaboration with Monash University where Ms Jimaima Lako, a former staff member of the Department of Food and Textiles, is enrolled for PhD studies. Professor Sotheeswaran is co-supervisor of this student.

c. Analytical Chemistry

Research in analytical chemistry is directed towards development of low-cost analytical tools that will facilitate research in other research focal areas of the department such as environmental and food chemistry. Researchers include Dr Philomena Gangaiya, Professor Sotheeswaran, and Dr Surendra Prasad. Current projects in this area include development of fibre optic chemical sensors and kinetic methods of analysis for various environmental parameters. During the year, Dr Philomena Gangaiya visited the Department of Instrumentation and Analytical Science (DIAS) at UMIST, UK where she also had a 2-week research attachment with Dr Narayanaswamy, a collaborator in the fibre optics research. Dr Prasad presented a department seminar entitled “Kinetic catalysed reactions in analytical chemistry”. Two MSc research students are associated with this group. The first, Sharika Shalveen, is working on a fibre optic in-situ pH sensor and the second, Tuikolongahau Halafihi is involved with developing a kinetic method of analysis for the measurement of nitrite in food samples.

d. Polymer Chemistry

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Dr Jagjit Khurma and Mr David Rohindra are conducting research in this area. The focus of research is in the areas of polymer blends, biodegradable polymers, polymers from waste materials and plastic recycling. Research collaboration exists with Associate Professor Allan Easteal of Auckland University. Research students associated with this group are Preeti who is completing an M.Sc. at the University of Auckland on biodegradation of poly(caprolactone) and its blends under different environmental conditions, and Parvish Kumar who is working on polymer blends with chitin and chitosan. During the year, Dr Khurma was invited to be part of a panel on waste management that was held as part of Parkinson Memorial Lecture Series.

e. Environmental Chemistry

Research in environmental chemistry encompasses a whole range of different projects generally related to natural and anthropogenic contaminants in various parts of the environment and their effects on environmental processes. Projects related to atmospheric disturbances, and contaminants in inland, coastal, and marine areas are being carried out.

In atmospheric research, Associate Professor Koshy and Dr Matakite Maata continued with their project on monitoring ozone. This is a long-term project in collaboration with NASA in the USA and a new MSc student, Anand Chandra, is working in this area. Associate Professor Koshy and Dr Maata are also involved in a greenhouse gas study in collaboration with NIWA in New Zealand in which measurements of gases like methane, carbon isotopes, non-methane hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are being made. Mr Francis Mani will soon complete an MSc in this area. During the year, Miss Upma Dutt who completed her MSc studies within this group presented a department seminar entitled “Chemical composition of rainwater in Suva, Fiji”.

Another prominent area in environmental chemistry research is related to heavy metal contamination of inland, coastal, and marine environments. Researchers are Drs Philomena Gangaiya, Matakite Maata, and Culwick Togamana. Projects include heavy metal contamination from the Lami rubbish dump (with MSc student Mr Shaneel Chandra), copper, chromium and arsenic contamination from timber treatment facilities (with MSc student, Mr Tasleem Hassan) and monitoring of roadside lead deposits. Mr Shaneel Chandra was awarded the Gold Medal for the best thesis in the science and technology area jointly with another MSc student from SOA.

The impact of excessive nutrient (particularly nitrogen and phosphorus) discharge in coastal marine environments is an issue of considerable concern to Pacific island countries and research in this area forms another facet of environmental chemistry research. Dr Philomena Gangaiya is involved with this research. She is co-supervising the PhD studies of Mrs Milika Sobey who is enrolled at the University of Essex and is working on the role of denitrification in ameliorating nutrient discharges in the Suva lagoon. Dr Gangaiya is also co-supervising the PhD studies of Mrs Bale Tamata who is enrolled at the University of Wollongong and is investigating algal responses to nutrient discharges in coastal areas. Professor John Morrison of the University of Wollongong visited the department during the year and presented a seminar entitled “The phosphorus cycle – a never ending story”.

PUBLICATIONS

SECTION A : Books, and Chapters in Books

Sotheeswaran, S., Environmental Organic Chemistry, Monograph 11, Institute of Chemistry, Ceylon, 2001, 40 pages. Published in 2002.

Sotheeswaran, S., and Sreekumar, K., P., Plants of Fiji showing Antimycotic Potential, in Plant Derived Antimycotics, (Ed) M.K. Rai and D. Mares, in press (2002), Haworth Press, Inc., Binghamton, NY, USA, 28 pages.

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SECTION B : Refereed Papers in International and Regional Journals

Ali, S., Sotheeswaran, S., Tuiwawa, M., and Smith, R.M., Composition of Essential Oils of Fijian Plants (Part 1 : Alpinia and Hedychium species), Journal of Essential Oil Research, in press.

Coll, R.K., Taylor, N. and Ali, S., Investigation of tertiary level teacher-student interactions in Fiji using the questionnaire on teacher interaction (QTI), Directions: Journal of Education, 2002, 23, 91-112.

Gangaiya, P., Fibre optic chemical sensors for environmental monitoring, accepted for publication in the South Pacific Journal of Natural Science.

Gawander, J.S., Gangaiya, P. and Morrison, R.J., Potassium studies on some sugarcane growing soils in Fiji, South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, 2002, 20, 15-21.

Mahendra, N., Gangaiya, P., Sotheeswaran, S. and Narayanaswamy, R., Investigation of an optical fibre Cu (II) sensor using Fast Sulphon Black F (FSBF) immobilised onto XAD-7, Sensors and Actuators, 2002, B 81, 196 – 201.

Mani, F., Koshy, K. and Maata, M. Methane Concentration in Fiji Air: A Study of its Emission Trends and Source Strengths. Accepted for publication in the South Pacific Journal of Natural Science.

Naiker, M., Sotheeswaran, S., Ali, S., Lal, R. and Voro, T., Anti-microbial properties of Kura (Morinda citrifolia) fruit and juice extracts from Fiji Islands, Fiji Medical Journal, 2002, 22, 23-26.

Oltmans, S. J., Johnson, B. J., Harris, J. M., Vomel, H., Thompson, A. M., Koshy, K., Simon, P., Bendura, R. J., Logan, J. A., Hasebe, F., Shiotani, M., Kirchoff, V. W. J. H., Maata, M., Sami, G., Samad, A., Tabudravu, J., Enriquez, H., Agama, M., Cornejo, and Paredes, F. Ozone in the Pacific tropical troposphere from ozonesonde observations. J. Geophys. Res., 2001, 106, No. D23, 32,503-32,525

Prasad, S., Development and validation of a catalytic spectrophotometric method for trace determination of ruthenium (III),.Asian J. Chem., 2002, 14, 799-806.

Prasad, S., Kinetics and mechanism of exchange of cyanide in hexacyanoferrate(II) by N-methylpyrazinium ion in the presence of mercury(II) as a catalyst, Trans. Metal Chem., 2002, 27, in press.

Prasad, S. and Halafihi, T., Determination of nitrite based on its catalytic effect on an indicator reaction, Asian J. Chem., 2002, 14, 1683-1692.

Tabudravu, J., Gangaiya, P., Sotheeswaran, S., and South, R., Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen) J. Agardh (Chlorophyta: Ulvales) – Evaluation as an indicator of heavy metal contamination in a tropical estuary. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2002, vol. 75, 201-213.

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SECTION C: Technical Reports, Newsletters, etc

Phillips, L. and Naiker, M., “COTS launches new S’COOL partnership, Chemistry in the Pacific Islands, Newsletter of the Chemical Society of the South Pacific, 2002, 17.

Khurma, J.R.., Plastics and plastic recycling, Part-IV, Chemistry in the Pacific Islands, Newsletter of the Chemical Society of the South Pacific, 2002, 17, p 15.

Prasad, S., RDX: a deadly chemical, Chemistry in the Pacific Islands, Newsletter of the Chemical Society of the South Pacific, 2002, 17, 20-21.

SECTION D: Conference Proceedings

Kumar, P. and Naiker, M., Body mass index as an indicator of performance, Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002.

Kumar, P. Rohindra, D.R., and Khurma, J., FTIR and biodegradation study of PCL-PVB blends, Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002.

Mahendra, N., Gangaiya, P., Sotheeswaran, S. and Narayanaswamy, R., Investigation of fibre-Optic Copper Sensor based on immobilised alpha-benzoinoxime, Book of Abstracts, Europtrode VI – Sixth European Conference on Optical Chemical Sensors and Biosensors, UMIST, Manchester, 07-10 April, 2002, p. 119.

Nand, S., Voro, T., and Naiker, M., Analysis of vitamin C and minerals in Noni (Morinda citrifolia) and noni based products, Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002.

Narayan, L.R., Naiker, M. and Sotheeswaran, S., Antioxidants in Some Fiji Foods, PP-3 Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002.

Devi, R., Naiker, M., Sotheeswaran, S. and Winterhalter, P., Occurrence of Kavalactone Precursor(s) in Kava (Piper methysticum), PP-11, Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002.

Patel, K., Naiker, M. and Sotheeswaran, S., Citrus Rind Essential Oils, PP-4 Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002.

Prasad, S., Kinetics of metal catalysis in ligand exchange reaction of cyanide in hexacyanoferrate(II) by N-methylpyrazinium ion [O 3.18: Metals in Catalysis], International Conference on Coordination Chemistry, Heidelberg, Germany, 21-26, July, 2002.

Prasad, S., Recent developments in kinetic methods of analysis in the South Pacific Region, OP-16, Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002

Prasad, S. and Halafihi, T., A novel catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method for determination of copper(II), PP-5, Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002

Prasad, S. and Halafihi, T., Kinetic determination of nitrite based on its catalytic effect on an indicator reaction, PP-6, Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002

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Naiker, M., Ali, S., Lal, R., Sotheeswaran, S. and Voro, T., Antibiotic Activity of Morinda citrifolia (Kura/Noni) Fruits from Fiji islands, OP-19, PP-3 Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002.

Kumar, S., Ali, A., Sotheeswaran, S., Duigou, A.G., Sauvain, M., AL Mourabit, A., Pusset, J., Frostin, M and Laurent, D., Antimalarial Cyclopeptides from a Vanuatu Ascidian, OP-18, PP-3 Regional Chemistry Symposium, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, 8-9, July, 2002.

Naiker, M., Devi, R., Ali, S., Sotheeswaran, S. and Winterhalter, P., Major Chemical Differences Between the Water Extracts of Kava (Piper methysticum) and Kava pills, Proceedings of the Pacific Kava Research Symposium, Forum Secretariat, Suva, Fiji, 6-7 November 2002, p. 9.

Ajuyah, A., Sotheeswaran, S., Li, G., Pryor, J., Ebenebe, A.C. and Sim, J., Perspectives on the Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Toxicological Characterists of Kava ( Piper methysticum), Proceedings of the Pacific Kava Research Symposium, Forum Secretariat, Suva, Fiji, 6-7 November 2002, p. 10.

Sotheeswaran, S., Fujiki, H. and Gunatilaka, A.A.L., Anticancer Activity Studies on Kava (Piper methysticum), Proceedings of the Pacific Kava Research Symposium, Forum Secretariat, Suva, Fiji, 6-7 November 2002, p. 17.

Gangaiya, P. (2002). Persistent Toxic Substances (PTS): A Case Study for Fiji, Regionally Based Assessment of Persistent Toxic Substances (PTS) – Region IX Technical Workshop (14-17 May, 2002). Meeting Report, p. 39.

Engineering


The department continued to perfect it in-house designed and produced computer numerically controlled drilling machine. The postgraduate programme was strengthened and the students were involved in the on-going research in the drilling machine. Research effort also centred on robotics.

Food and Textiles

MAJOR RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS

Research involvement for the department was mainly in the form of consultation and collaborative work with other major groups. The department acknowledges Permal Deo’s participation in the following research activities:

Data collection on “The reflective practitioner in the Pacific” coordinated by CELT, USP.

Analytical work on Water and Flesh Content in Green and Brown coconut in association with Secretarial of the Pacific Community (SPC).

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Invited member in the project “Strengthening Food Analytical Capabilities in the Pacific Region” coordinated by Institute of Applied Science and Koronivia Research Station. Funded by FAO.

Micro-nutrient research as part of National Nutrition Survey coordinated by NFNC and Ministry of Health.

Also recently completed a research by Jimaima Lako

Glyceamic Index Research on 5 local foods. The research has been a breakthrough for further contributions from the department.

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Mathematics and Computing Science

Major Research AchievementsThe major research achievements are outlined below. Additional details can be found in Part 2, Chapter 3 under Research. The development of the theory of Brauer Groups of Hopf algebras, including the

computation of exact sequences and subgroups – Yinhuo Zhang. Advances in the stability theory of non-linear systems – Jito Vanualailai. Saturation of Simplicial Complexes – Valeriy Mnukhin. Development of techniques for optimal stratified sampling – MGM Khan. New security solutions for GIS systems (GIS and Oracle Application Server/ Oracle

Internet File System integration) – Youry Khmelevsky

Research Details

Publications (only those appearing in 2002 are listed):

Journal Articles

Dixit, Ulhas, and Parviz F. Nasiri, “Estimation of parameters of the exponential distribution in the presence of outliers generated from uniform distribution”. METRON, 60.3-4, (2001). RJ

Dixit, Ulhas, and Muni V. Reddy. “Study of Performance of First Year USP students with respect to their Form Seven Marks”. South Pacific Journal of Natural Science 20 (2002). RJ

Dixit, Ulhas, Vaijayanti U. Dixit and Muni V. Reddy. “Study of Performance of FCAE Diploma holders at USP”. South Pacific Journal of Natural Science 20 (2002). RJ

Khan, E.A.; M.G.M Khan, and M.J. Ahsan, M.J. "Optimum Stratification: AMathematical Programming Approach", Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin, 52 (2002). RJ

Khmelevsky, Y.M. and VA Ustimenko, "Walks on graphs as symmetric or asymmetric tools to encrypt data", The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, 20 (2002). RJ

Pleasants, Peter. "Lines and planes in 2- and 3-dimensional quasicrystals". Coverings of Discrete Quasiperiodic Sets. Eds P. Kramer and Z. Papadopolos. Berlin: Springer, 2002. 185-225.

Pleasants, Peter, and J.C. Lagarias. "Local complexity of Delone sets and crystallinity" Canad. Math. Bull. 45 (2002). RJ

Vanualailai, J., T. Soma, T and S. Nakagiri. “Convergence of Solutions and Practical Stability of Hopfield-type Neural Networks with Time-Varying External Inputs”. Nonlinear Studies 9 (2002). RJ

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Vanualailai, J. “Some Stability and Boundedness Criteria for a Class of Volterra Integro-differential Systems”, Electronic Journal of Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations 12 (2002). RJ

Conference PublicationsDixit, Ulhas, “Study of Compressive Strength of Concrete of certain Flyovers in Mumbai”,.Presented to the Sixth World conference on Systemics,Cybernetics and Informatics, Orlando,Florida, U.S.A, 4 – 8 July 2002.

List of MSc and PhD Students Enroled in 2002Raveen Goundar, MSc, “Convergence Criteria for a Hopfield-type

Neural Network"Vishal Goundar, PhD, “Algebra”Krishna Raghuwaia, MSc, “Stability Analysis of Volterra-type Integro-differential Equations”Mohammed Tauseef Rehan Nabi, MSc, “Stability Analysis and Simulations of a Competative Artificial Neural Network

Research/Academic VisitorsVisit by Dr. Ross Renner, School of Mathematics and Computing Science, Victoria University Wellington, to the Department in April. He presented a seminar series on statistical modelling.

Visit by Prof. Vasyl Ustimenko, Sultan Qaboos Univ, Oman, in June. He presented seminars, worked with Dr. Khmelevsky on projects, and began planning for a Conference at USP in mid-2003.

List of Research GrantsYoury Khmelevsky, Michael Govorov received a grant from the URC for the research project: “Integration GIS and Oracle Internet Portal: case study for Distance Education”. Research Project, Geography Department and Department of Mathematic & Computing Science. The University of the South Pacific Suva, Fiji.

Physics

Research Achievements

Environment/ Energy activitiesThe major projects currently underway include:

DANIDA funded project on ‘Capacity Building for wind project’ in collaboration with SOPAC and RISO (Denmark). The project was being coordinated by Dr Kumar and Dr Khan. A post-graduate course on wind energy applications has been developed for offer by the department. A wind turbine will be set up on a hilltop near the USP campus to study the interfacing of the wind system to the grid and assessing the performance of the device. This project is being implemented in collaboration with the Fiji Government and SOPAC.

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Additional funds have been made available by the French Embassy to assist with the procurement of the turbine.

Mr Artem Madatov, a visiting scientist from Seawave Electrical Generator Ltd, Ukraine, worked with local postgrads and technicians to build a prototype for harnessing wave energy.

Dr R Srivastava, former Head of Physics, UPNG, visited the department to discuss possible collaboration in renewable energy. Dr Srivastava is currently working on village level RE projects in India, in collaboration with local NGOs.

Hon Tom Roper, from the Climate International, gave a popular public lecture on ‘Climate Change: threats and Opportunities’ to a packed lecture theatre in March. The lecture, hosted by the department, attracted considerable press coverage, especially in relation to the ongoing decisions by industrialized countries on whether to ratify the Kyoto Protocol.

Nuclear Physics Research Group

The main activity of the Nuclear Physics Research Group is the application of nuclear techniques to the study of a wide range of environmentally related topics. The Group consists of Dr Sitaram Garimella (Group Leader), Mrs Umawatti Prasad and Mr Nitin Nand. Since most projects handled by the Research Group are multi-disciplinary in nature, the Group has been collaborating with other Departments in USP (Chemistry, Mathematics, Marine Studies and Geography) and Department of Geography of the University of Guelph, Canada. The Group also has a close link with SPERA (South Pacific Environmental Radioactivity Association).

Two gamma-ray spectrometers and one x-ray spectrometer are available for research. These are: i) a 10 cm (dia.) x 7.5 cm NaI(Tl) gamma detector (in a 10 cm thick lead shielding) coupled to a 512-channel analyser, ii) a HPGe detector (resolution 1.80 keV at the gamma energy of 1332.50 keV and efficiency 24.5% relative to NaI, also enclosed in a 10 cm thick lead shielding) coupled to a 8196-channel analyser, and iii) a recently acquired 40 cm3 LEGe x-ray detector coupled to a 8196-channel analyser (shielding now under construction, which would enable study of environmental radionuclides like 210Pb and 241Am). Further, the Group has two high-volume air samplers (capacities of 1 m 3/min and 2 m3/ min respectively).

The research activities of the group cover three categories: nuclear physics, environmental radioactivity, and neutron activation analysis.

In the field of nuclear physics, the Group has been working, in collaboration with the Department of Mathematics and Computing Science, on the calculation and experimental verification of the solid angle subtended by extended radioactive sources (such as soils, etc.) at the detector. The effect of self-absorption in the source for low-energy gamma-rays is also included in these investigations.

In the field of environmental radioactivity, regular measurements are made of natural radioactivity and fallout (from previous nuclear weapon tests) in the environment of Viti Levu: the air, soil, vegetation and marine samples (sediments, corals, etc.).

Chemical composition, particularly of trace elements, of environmental samples is studied using the method of neutron activation analysis (NAA). Since Fiji does not have a nuclear reactor, USP samples are irradiated in Australia (Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Sydney) and flown back to Suva for measurement of induced activities using the HPGe spectrometer.

Other projects currently under investigation:

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1. Natural radioactivity in soils, Investigators: Dr Garimella and Mrs Prasad2. Investigation of rates of floodplain sediment accretion in tropical Pacific island river basins

using the 137Cs technique: Investigators: Dr Garimella, Dr J. Terry (Geography Department, SSED) and Dr R. Kostachuk (Geography Department, University of Guelph, Canada).

3. Elemental abundances, natural and fallout radioactivity in Pacific Ocean Sediments from the Kadavu Passage, Fiji. Investigator: Dr Garimella

4. Application of gamma-ray spectroscopy to monitor rainfall rates, Investigator: Dr Garimella

Research (publications list)

Papers presented in Conferences

Garimella, S. and Nand, N.R. “Profiles of radiocaesium (137Cs) deposition and elemental composition in two sediment cores of the Suva lagoon, Fiji”. The 7th Biennial Conference of the South Pacific Environmental Radioactivity Association (SPERA) on Environmental Radioactivity: Migration, and Monitoring in the South Pacific, Sydney, Australia, 13 – 17 May, 2002.

Garimella, S. and Nand, N.R. “Elemental abundances in the sediments of the Suva lagoon during the last 50 years”. 1st Regional Chemistry Symposium of the Chemical Society of the South Pacific on Environment and Chemical Education, Suva, Fiji, 8 – 9 July, 2002.

Garimella, S., Koshy, K. and Singh, S. “Concentration of 7Be in surface air at Suva, Fiji”. 1st

Regional Chemistry Symposium of the Chemical Society of the South Pacific on Environment and Chemical Education, Suva, Fiji, 8 – 9 July, 2002.

Garimella, S. and Nand, N.R. “Sedimentation rate in the Laucala Bay, Suva, Fiji, using the radioisotope 137Cs as tracer”. Science Technology and Resources (STAR) network Session on Geoscience and Sustainable Development in the in Pacific Island States, 2002-2012 in of the SOPAC Annual Session, Suva, Fiji, 25 Sept. – 2 Oct. 2002.

Terry, J.P., Kostaschuk, R.A., and Garimella, S. “Measuring floodplain sedimentation rates in the Rewa river basin, Fiji, using Caesium-137”. Science Technology and Resources (STAR) network Session on Geoscience and Sustainable Development in the in Pacific Island States, 2002-2012 in of the SOPAC Annual Session, Suva, Fiji, 25 Sep.– 2 Oct. 2002.

Kumar, M, ‘Is UV in the tropical Pacific greater than in New Zealand’. Jointly, with R L McKenzie. In: “UV Radiation and its effects – an update 2002”. Proceedings of the workshop on UV and its effects, NIWA, Christchurch, NZ, March 2002 RSNZ miscellaneous series 60, pages 20-22.

School of Social and Economic Development


A major research achievement in the year 2002 is the publication of Grynberg, R., Munro, D., and White, M., in the Crisis: Collapse of the National Bank of Fiji, Crawford House Publishing: Adelaide. Additionally, a number of quality research papers appeared in international journals, as stated elsewhere in this document.

The school’s allocation of funds for research remains at $29,400. In school of about a hundred academic staff and four hundred and forty postgraduate students, competition for research funds is quite severe. Furthermore, staff members struggle in balancing their time between teaching and research. The postgraduate students feel overwhelmed by staff members competing for the same funds. Of the seventeen (17) proposals funded averaging $1,729.41 each, six students were successful (three females). The students’ research funds were in the range of $660 to $3,555 or an average of $1,680.

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Staff members also propose and obtain research funds from funding agencies such as Embassies, Asian Development Bank, and corporations.

Chapter 3 Research

The following table gives a numerical summary the major publications of each department during the course of the year. Details by department are included at the end of this chapter.

Departmentand

Programme

Areas of Research Interest and outcomeBooks/

chapters in books

Journal articles

Proceedings in

Conferences

Reviews and

Comments

Working papers,Reports

Web-sites

Periodical and newspaper articles

Accounting and Finance

3 1 6 2 1

Economics 10 13 5 8Management 7 8 - 1 - 12History/PoliticsSociology 2 10 3 3Tourism - 3 3 3 - - -MBAPopulation StudiesMarine AffairsDevelopment Studies

3 4 8 1 2

Geography 1 5 4 1 4 2Land ManagementIt is encouraging to note that most departments, despite heavy teaching load, have been able to maintain their scholarly presence in the intellectual community. Most notably during the year (…) books, (…) chapters in books, (…) journal articles and (…) conference papers have been produced.

The following Table shows the distribution of research funds and the outcome to date. Dept./Programme

Recipients of research funds and the outcomeNumber of

Research Projects Approved

Amount of Funds Granted Outcome

URC SRC URC SRCAccounting and Finance

2 $4,889.00 Pending

Economics 1 $1,069.00 PendingManagement 1 $5,520.00 PendingHistory/Politics 2 4 $13,265.00 $8,471.00 PendingSociology $4,670.00 PendingTourism 1 1 $10,460.00 $1,065.00 PendingMBAPopulation StudiesMarine Affairs 1 $660.00 PendingLand ManagementGeography 4 1 $57,199.00 $4,680.00 Pending

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Development Studies

1 5 $6,111.00 $11,841.00 Pending

Research-Based Publications and Conference Presentations

The following is a select list, by departments and programmes, of publications, reports and presentations reflecting the research interests and output of the School. This list is indicative of the breadth of research interests as well as the degree of cooperation within the School and of relationships with both academic and non-academic communities.

Emboldened names in cases of joint authorship show that the author is a member of the department with which the listing is made. Thus some items may appear more than once.

Accounting and Financial Management

Books

Sharma, U. Form Seven Accounting: A Study Guide. Lautoka, Fiji: Pacific Educational Resources (Fiji), 2002. ISBN 982-512-006-1.

Periodicals and newspaper articles

White, M. “On the Unextraordinaryness of 11th September.” The Fiji Accountant (March

2002): 36–42.

White, M. “The Accountant, the Auditor and the Profession. Time to Re-assess our Role.”

The Fiji Accountant (Oct. 2002): 38–48.

Joint authorship—Books—authored research

Grynberg, R., D. Munro and M. White. Crisis: The Collapse of the National Bank of Fiji.

Adelaide: Crawford House Publishing, 2002. 306p.

Joint authorship—Book chapters

Sharma, U. and Z. Hoque. “Implementing the Balanced Scorecard in Government: The Housing Authority of Fiji.” Emerging Practices in Cost Management: The Balanced Scorecard. Ed. J.B. Edwards. 2002-1 edition. New York: Warren Gorham & Lamont/RIA. 2002. Chapter A6.

Joint authorship—Journal articles

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Lawrence, S. and U. Sharma. “Commodification of Education and Academic Labour: Using the Balanced Scorecard in University Setting.” Critical Perspectives on Accounting 13.5/6 (2002): 661–77.

Joint authorship—Conference and other presentations

Sharma, P. and M. Reddy. “Financial Sector Exclusion in Fiji.” Proceedings of the 3rd

Biennial Conference of the International Development Studies Network of Aotearoa New

Zealand, Massey University, Palmerston North, 5–7 December 2002.

Development Studies

Journal articles

Reddy, M. “Implication of Tenancy Status on Productivity and Efficiency: Evidence from

Fiji.” Sri Lankan Journal of Agricultural Economics 4.1 (2002): 19–37.

Conference publications

Mohanty, M. “Human Capital Resource Outflow and Development in Fiji Islands.” E-

Globalisation in the Pacific Age. Eds S.M. Lee and S. Chongsithiphol. Proceedings of Pan-

Pacific Conference XIX, Bangkok, Thailand, May 29–31, 2002. 363–5.

Mohanty, M. “Non-biodegradable and Hazardous Wastes Management and Environmental

Sustainability in South Pacific Cities: The Case of Fiji Islands.” Proceedings of First

Regional Chemistry Symposium of the Chemical Society of the South Pacific (RCS-1),

Environmental and Chemical Education, held at Marine Studies Centre, USP, July 8–9, 2002.

OP11-12.

Conference presentations

Reddy, M. “Public Sector Housing in Fiji: Issues and Implications.” Paper presented at Fiji

Update, Marine Studies Centre, USP, Suva, Fiji, 12 June 2002.


Reddy, M. “Issues of Growth and Sustainability: Fiji Government’s 2003 Budget.” Fiji Sun

Saturday 9 November 2002.

Reddy, M. “Monopoly or Competition: Case of Fiji TV.” Fiji Times Saturday 2 November

2002.

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Prasad, B. C. and M. Reddy. “Structural Reforms, Political Instability and Economic Growth

in Fiji: Sustainability in the Long Run.” Development Bulletin No. 60 (2002): 79–82.

Reddy, M. and B.C. Prasad. “Affirmative Action Policies and Poverty Alleviation in Fiji: An

Examination of Post-Coup Policies and Programmes.” Development Bulletin No 60 (2002):

58–61.

Reddy, M. and P. Lal. “State Land Transfer in Fiji: Issues and Implications.” Pacific

Economic Bulletin 17.1 (2002): 146–53.

Joint authorship—Conference presentations

Chand B, M. Reddy and V. Naidu. “Trade, Environment and Economic Development in the

Forum Island Countries (FICs): A New Pathway to Development?” Proceedings of the 3rd


Zealand, MasseyUniversity, Palmerston North, 5–7 December 2002.

Reddy, M., M. Mohanty and V. Naidu. “Economic Cost of Human Capital Loss from

Fiji: Implications on Sustainable Development.” Paper presented at the 5th International

Conference of Asia Pacific Migration Network (APMRN), UNESCO–MOST. Naviti

Resort, Sigatoka, Fiji, 24–26 September 2002.

Reddy, M, V. Naidu and M. Mohanty. “Impediments and Growth Dynamics of Urban

Informal Sector: A Case of Fiji.” Proceedings of the 3rd Biennial Conference of the

International Development Studies Network of Aotearoa New Zealand, Massey University,

Palmerston North, 5–7 December 2002.

Sharma, P. and M. Reddy. “Financial Sector Exclusion in Fiji.” Proceedings of the 3rd


Zealand, Massey University, Palmerston North, 5–7 December 2002.

Economics

Book chapters

Fraenkel, J. “Electoral Engineering and the Politicisation of Ethnic Frictions in Fiji.” Can

Democracy be Designed? The Politics of Institutional Choice in Conflict-Torn Societies. Eds

S. Bastian and R. Luckham. IDS, Sussex: Zed Books, 2002.

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Fraenkel, J. “Preferential Voting and Electoral Reform.” Election Watch II, A Citizen’s

Review of the Fiji islands General Election, 2001. CCF, Suva, 2002.

Jayaraman, T.K. “Domestic and External Financial Liberalisation in Small States: Evidence

from the South Pacific.” Financial Globalisation: Issues and Challenges for Small State. Eds

Lino Briguglio and A. Samuel. Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis: Eastern Caribbean Central

Bank, 2002.

Journal articles

Fraenkel, J. “Institutions without Architects; Fiji’s May 1999 Elections in the Wake of

George Speight’s Coup.” Revue Juridique Polynésienne, Numéro hors série, Volume 2,

Contemporary Challenges in the Pacific: Towards a New Consensus. Eds S. Levine & Y.

Sage. (2002).

Fraenkel, J. “Strategic Registration from Metropolis to Periphery in the Republic of the

Marshall Islands.” Journal of Pacific History 37.3 (2002).

Conference and other presentations

Fraenkel, J. “The Coming Anarchy in Oceania? A Critique of the ‘Africanization of the South

Pacific’ Thesis.” Presented at the Pacific History Association Annual Conference, Apia,

Samoa, December 2002.

Fraenkel, J. “Constituency Design, Strategic Registration and Political Change in the

Republic of the Marshall Islands”. Presented at a History/Politics Department seminar, April

2002.

Jayaraman, T.K. “A Single Currency for the Pacific Island Countries: A Stepwise Approach.”

Paper presented at the Islands of World Conference VII, Charlottetown, Prince Edward

Island, Canada, June 25–30 2002. Also published as Working Paper No. 7/2002, Economics

Department, USP, 2002.

Kumar, S. “Impulses and Reasoning in the Union Movement.” Paper presented at the

FTUC/ILO Workshop on Capacity Building and Leadership Training for Newly Appointed

Trade Unionists, Fiji Trade Union Centre, 13 September 2002.

Sharma, K.L. “Production Linkages between Farm and Non-farm Sectors in Fiji Islands.”

Paper presented at the 14th International Conference on Input–Output Techniques, Montreal,

Canada, 10–14 October 2002.


Jayaraman, T.K. (with Rick Hou). “Central Bank Coordination and Cooperation in the

South Pacific.” Development Bulletin 60 (Canberra: Australian National University),

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December (2002): 75–8. Also presented at a Development Research Symposium: “South

Pacific Futures”, Brisbane, 22–24 July 2002; and an earlier version published as Working

Paper No. 5/2002, Economics Department, USP, 2002.

Jayaraman, T.K. (with B. D. Ward). “Demand for Money in Samoa.” Pacific Economic

Bulletin (Australian National University) 17.1 (May 2002): 99–112.

Kumar, S. (with B. Prasad). “Fiji’s Economic Woes: A nation in search of development

progress.” Pacific Economic Bulletin 17.1 (2002): 1–23. Also presented at the Fiji Update

held at the Marine Studies Centre, USP, Suva, 12 June 2002.

Joint authorship—periodicals and newspaper articles

Jayaraman, T.K. (with Arif Ali). Fiscal and Monetary Policy Coordination in Fiji. Working

Paper No.1, Reserve Bank of Fiji, Suva, 2002.

Jayaraman, T.K. (with Elenoa Seruvatu). Determinants of Private Investment in Fiji: 1970–

1998. Working Paper No.2, Reserve Bank of Fiji, Suva, 2002.

Jayaraman, T.K. (with B.D.Ward). Financial Sector Reforms and Impact on Demand

Function for Money in Samoa. Working Paper No.1/2002, Economics Department, USP,

2002.

Joint Authorship—Conference and other presentations

Kumar, S. (with B. Prasad). “The Fiji Economy.” Paper presented at Surveyor’s Room,

Conrad Treasury Hotel, Brisbane, 8 July 2002. Also presented at the Haydon Allen Lecture

Theatre, The Australian National University, Canberra, 9 July 2002.

Geography

Chapters or articles in books

Nunn, P.D. “Demographic Change: Peopling of the Pacific Islands.” Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change. Volume 3. Ed. R.E. Munn. London: Wiley, 2001. 273–7.

Thaman, R.R. “Community-based agroforestry surveys and the development of community-

based agroforestry action plans (CAAPs) for atolls.” Report on Sub-regional Training

Workshop on Agroforestry/Drum Ovens for Atoll Islands, 17 October –1 November 2000.

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Eds R.R. Thaman, S. Bulai and K. Pouru. Working Paper No. 3. Forests and Trees

Programme, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Suva, Fiji Islands, 2002. 36–66.

Thaman, R.R. “Concepts and information related to the protection and development of atoll

agroforestry systems in the Pacific Islands.” Report on Sub-regional Training Workshop

on Agroforestry/Drum Ovens for Atoll Islands, 17 October –1 November 2000. Eds R.R.

Thaman, S. Bulai and K. Pouru. Working Paper No. 3. Forests and Trees Programme,

Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Suva, Fiji Islands, 2002. 12–20.

Journal articles

Thomas, F.R. “An Evaluation of Central-place Foraging among Mollusk Gatherers in

Western Kiribati, Micronesia: Linking Behavioral Ecology with Ethnoarchaeology.” World

Archaeology 34 (2002): 182–208.

Thomas, F.R. “Mollusk Habitats and Fisheries in Kiribati: An Assessment from the Gilbert

Islands.” Pacific Science 55 (2001): 77–97.

Thomas, F.R. “Remodeling Marine Tenure on the Atolls: A Case Study from Western

Kiribati, Micronesia.” Human Ecology 29 (2001): 399–23.

Thomas, F.R. “Self-reliance in Kiribati: Contrasting Views of Agricultural and Fisheries

Production.” The Geographical Journal 168 (2002): 163–77.


Thaman, R.R. “Ecotourism redefined: The greening of ecotourism as a foundation for sustainable

development and poverty alleviation in the Pacific Islands.” Paper presented at the 2002

Parkinson Memorial Lecture Series “The Green Pay-off: Sustainable Development =

Economic Development”, session on The Greening of Tourism, Marine Studies Lecture

Theatre, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands, 25 September 2002.

Thomas, F.R. “Seaweed, Black Pearls, and the Forgotten Giant Clams: Can Aquaculture Help

Revive Customary Marine Tenure (CMT) in Kiribati?” Paper presented at the International

Small Islands Studies Association, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown,

Canada, 26–30 June 2002.

Reviews and comments

Nunn, P.D. Review of Arnberger, H. and Arnberger, E. The Tropical Islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans (2001). The Geographical Journal 168 (2002): 280–1.

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Professional and technical reports

Terry, J.P. “Coastal erosion survey on Naitauba Island, northern Lau, Fiji.” Report prepared

for the Naitauba Trust, Suva, 2002. 20pp.

General Websites

Weber, E. played the leading role in the creation and maintenance of the Geography

Department Website and created and maintains the Website for the Journal of Pacific

Studies.


Nunn, P.D., C.D. Ollier, G.S. Hope P. Rodda, A. Omura and W.R. Peltier. “Late Quaternary

sea-level and tectonic changes in northeast Fiji.” Marine Geology 187 (2002): 299–

311 [9 figures, 2 plates, 3 tables].

Terry, J.P., S. Garimella and R.A. Kostaschuk. “Rates of floodplain accretion in a

tropical island river system impacted by cyclones and large floods.”

Geomorphology 42 (2002): 171–83.

Joint authorship—Edited books (deriving from conference and other presentations)

Thaman, RR., Bulai, S. and Pouru, K. (eds). Report on Sub-regional Training Workshop on

Agroforestry/Drum Ovens for Atoll Islands, 17 October–1 November 2000. Working

Paper No. 3. Forests and Trees Programme, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Suva,

2002.

Thaman, R.R. with input from Andrew Smith and Noah Idechong. “Island life in the

21st century: Current status and challenges for mainstreaming the conservation

and sustainable use of biodiversity in the Pacific Islands.” Conference papers

of 6th Pacific Islands Conference on Nature Conservation and Protected Areas,

Rarotonga, Cook Islands, 8–12 July 2002. (Online and distributed to delegates

in conference binders.)

Joint authorship—articles in books

Thaman, R.R., B Eritaia and S. Faka’osi. “Community-based biodiversity surveys and

conservation action plans as tools for nature conservation in the Pacific Islands:

Lessons learned from Fiji, Tonga and Kiribati (Melanesia, Polynesia and Micronesia).”

Tools for conservation: 6th South Pacific Conference on Nature Conservation &

Protected Areas, 29 September–3 October 1997, Pohnpei, Federated States of

Micronesia. Volume 3: Conference papers. Eds S. Miller and J. Sim. South Pacific

Regional Environment Programme, Apia, (published in 2002): 225–85.

42

Joint authorship—Conference publications

Terry, J.P. and R. Raj. “The 1997–98 El Niño and drought in the Fiji Islands.” Hydrology and Water Management in the Humid Tropics. Proceedings of the Second International Colloquium, 22–26 March 1999, Panama, Republic of Panama. IHP-V Technical Documents in Hydrology No. 52, UNESCO, Paris, 2002. 80–93.

Joint authorship—Professional and technical reports

Havea, M., T. Hoponoa, L. Vainikolo, G. Mala’efo’ou, L. Thomson, R Thaman and K. Pouru.

A strategy for the conservation and management of Garcinia sessilis (heilala) in the

Kingdom of Tonga. South Pacific Regional Inventory of Forest Genetic Resources,

AusAID, Canberra 2002. 35 pp.

Lovell, E.R and J.P. Terry. Sediment drift study of the lower Nadi River estuary and delta.

Sinclair Knight (Environmental Consultants), 2001. 69pp + appendices.


Gibson, L. and S. Siwatibau. “A Review of the Action Strategy Nature Conservation and the

Round Table.” Proceedings of the 7th Nature Conservation in Pacific Islands Conference

facilitated by Gibson and Siwatibau, Rarotonga, 2002.

Terry, J.P., R.A. Kostaschuk and S. Garimella. 2002 “Measuring floodplain sedimentation rates in the Rewa river basin, Fiji, using Caesium-137.” South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission, 31st Annual Conference, 25–30 September 2002, Suva, Fiji.

Terry, J.P. and P.D. Nunn. “Limestone geomorphology on Niue Island, a raised coral atoll.” 5th International Conference on Geomorphology, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan, 23–28 August 2001.

Terry, J.P., C.D. Ollier and C.F. Pain. “Interpreting anomalous drainage and geomorphology of the Navua River, Fiji.” Australia and New Zealand Geomorphology Group, 10th Annual Conference, Kalgoorlie, Australia, 30 September–4 October 2002.

History and Politics

43

Book chapters

Fraenkel, Jonathan. “Preferential Voting and Electoral Reform.” Election Watch II: A

Citizen’s Review of the Fiji Islands General Election, 2001. Suva, Fiji: Citizens’

Constitutional Forum, 2002.

Tarte, Sandra. “A Duty to Cooperate: Building a Regional Regime for the Conservation and

Management of Highly Migratory Fish Stocks in the Western and Central Pacific.” Ocean

Yearbook, Volume 16. Chicago: University of Chicago, 2002. 261–99.

Journal articles

Fraenkel, Jonathan. “Strategic Registration from Metropolis to Periphery in the Republic of

the Marshall Islands.” Journal of Pacific History 37.3 (2002).

Fraenkel, Jonathan. “Institutions without Architects: Fiji’s May 1999 Elections in the Wake

of George Speight’s Coup.” Revue Juridique Polynesienne 2 (2002).

Tarte, Sandra. “Fiji in Review, 2001.” The Contemporary Pacific 14.2 (2002): 439–46.

Professional and Technical Reports

Fraenkel, Jonathan. Marshall Islands Legislative Needs Assessment. UNDP, 2002.

Kabutaulaka, Tarcisius. United Nations Common Country Assessment: Solomon Islands.

Suva, 2002.

Tarte, Sandra. Small Islands, Big Fish: The International Politics of Tuna Management in the

Western and Central Pacific. Marine Studies Technical Working Paper, University of the

South Pacific, Suva, 2002.


Tarte, Sandra. “Whither the Pacific Islands Forum?” APEC Economies Newsletter 6.9 (2002):

1–2.

Joint authorship—Book chapters

Tarte, Sandra and Tarcisius Kabutaulaka. “Rethinking Security in the South Pacific: Fiji and

Solomon Islands.” The Unraveling of Island Asia: Government, Communal and Regional

Instability. Ed. Bruce Vaughn. Westport, Ct: Praeger, 2002. 61–81.

Land Management and Development

Journal Articles – refereed articles in scholarly journals

44

Boydell, S. “Helping United Nations with South Pacific Island Tenure Issues.” Australian

Property Journal November (2002).

Lakshman, C. “Cotonou Agreement, Civil Societies and Charities in Pacific Member States of

ACP.” Charity Law in the Pacific Rim, a third sector review (special issue) 8.1 (2002): 173–

209.


Boydell, S. “Modelling Land Tenure Conflict Transformation - a preliminary analysis.” Paper

presented at the 8th Annual Pacific Rim Real Estate Society (PRRES) Conference,

Christchurch, NZ, 20–23 January 2002.

Boydell, S. “Modelling Land Tenure Conflict Transformation.” Paper presented at the

FAO/USP/RICS Foundation South Pacific Land Tenure Conflict Symposium, Suva, Fiji, 10–

12 April 2002.

Dakaica, S. “Rent control in the agricultural sector.” Paper presented at the FAO/USP/RICS

Foundation South Pacific Land Tenure Conflict Symposium, Suva, Fiji, 10–12 April 2002.

Dakaica, S. “A Critical Analysis of the Role of the Native Land Trust Board (NLTB).” Paper

presented at the PNG Institute of Valuers and Land Administrators 2002 Conference in Lae,

Papua New Guinea, 16–18 August 2002.

Gavidi, P. “The Fiji Islands Experience.” Paper presented at the Local Government Exchange

of Information on World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) Type II

Partnerships/Initiatives, Environmental Congress for Asia and the Pacific (ECO ASIA),

Hamaya, Japan, 29-30 July 2002.

Gavidi, P. “Fiji’s Institutional and Legal Framework Concerning Urban Management, Urban

Services and their Financing, Waste Management, Landfills; Past and Present, Relationships

between Waste and Urban Development.” Paper presented at the Seminar on Sustainable

Urban Services, organized by the Sustainable City Task Force 2002–2003 Programme –

Pacific Economic Co-operation Council. Noumea, 4–5 November 2002.

Myers, M. “Current Valuation Practices, Thorn or Olive Branch in Reducing Land Tenure

Conflict?” Paper presented at the FAO/USP/RICS Foundation South Pacific Land Tenure

Conflict Symposium, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands, 10–12 April 2002.

Myers, M. “International Valuation Standards: Another form of imperialistic colonisation of

lesser-developed countries?” Paper presented at FIG XXII International Congress

Washington, DC, USA, 19–26 April 2002.

45

Reddy, W. “The Challenge of Sustainable Land Development in Fiji.” Paper presented at the

2002 Youth Environmental Summit, Braunwald, Switzerland, 13–27 July 2002.

Sharma, A. “Women’s Access to Land: A Case Study of Fiji.” Paper presented at the


12 April 2002.

Scholarly reviews and comments (published journals of repute)

Boydell, S. Editorial Board Member, Journal of Financial Management of Property and

Construction.

Boydell, S. Editorial Advisory Board Member, Our Common Estate, Royal Institution of

Chartered Surveyors Research Foundation.

Boydell, S. Editorial Board Member, Pacific Rim Property Journal.

Boydell, S. Referee: Australian Journal of Hospitality Management.

Boydell, S. Reviewer: Australian Land Economics Review.

Boydell, S. Reviewer: Economic Analysis and Policy.

Myers, M. Academic Review Panel: Appraisal Journal.

Shah, K. Headnote for Donley Beti v Peter Aufiu Civil case No. 170 of 1990, Solomon Islands Law

Reports.

Shah, K. “Review of Fiji before the Storm: Elections and the Politics of Development. Ed. Brij V

Lal. Asia Pacific Press, ANU, Canberra, 2000.” Journal of South Pacific Law 9.1 (2002): 205.


Myers, M. “Classroom Audit..” for University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji, as part of the

University Space Audit consultancy with LMD Consultancy, 2002.

Videotapes and films (of substantial educational or scholarly value)

The South Pacific Land Tenure Conflict Symposium. Prod. Madhu Kiran. Facilitator Spike

Boydell. Funding FAO/USP/RICS Foundation. Video recording. Suva, Fiji: Land

Management Department, The University of the South Pacific, 2002.

General Website

Sovea, L. Lua. Land Management & Development Website (2002) <http//:www.usp.ac.fj/landmgmt>.

46

Sovea, L. Lua. FAO/USP/RICS Foundation South Pacific Land Tenure Conflict Symposium

Website and interactive symposium papers (PDF) < 2002.

http://www.usp.ac.fj/landmgmt/SYMPOSIUM/LANDTENUREPAPERS.HTM>.

Other Matters Related to Research Activities

Boydell, S., Dakaica, S., Hassan, A., and Myers, M. were all Discussants at the


12 April 2002.

(a) Research Students

Sevanaia Dakaica: PhD candidate in Land Management and Development. Thesis title: “The

impact of customary land tenure on economic development in Fiji” (in progress). Supervisors:

Dr Spike Boydell (primary), Dr Garrick Small (UTS) and Dr Hartmut Holzknecht (ANU).

Timoci Waqaisavou: PhD candidate in Land Management and Development. Thesis title:

“Tourism on Native Land in Fiji” (in progress). Mr Waqaisavou was awarded the three-year

RICS Foundation Inaugural Oceania PhD Fellowship in January 2002 (worth Aus$30,000

over three years). Supervisors: Dr Spike Boydell (primary), Dr Tracy Berno (USP – Tourism

Studies) and Professor David Harrison (UNL).

Matt Myers: MA candidate in Land Management and Development. Thesis title: “The

Valuation of Inalienable Customary Land – a case study of Samoa” (in progress). Supervisor:

Dr Spike Boydell.

Anupam Sharma: MA candidate in Land Management and Development. Thesis title: “Rural

Women’s Access to Land in Fiji – A Hindu Perspective” (graduated PGD, with Gold Medal,

December 2002). Supervisors: Dr Spike Boydell and Mr Sevanaia Dakaica.

Abdul Hassan: MRE/MA candidate in Land Management and Development. Thesis title:

“Local Government Rating System in Fiji” (in progress). Supervisor: Dr Spike Boydell.

(b) Research/Academic Visitors

Dr Garrick Small from the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS) spent two weeks as a

visiting scholar with the Department of Land Management and Development in April 2002.

He contributed to classes in Land Economics (LM303) and Land Tenure (SE103).

(c) Research Grants

Timoci Waqaisavou was awarded the three-year RICS Foundation Inaugural Oceania PhD

Fellowship in January 2002 (worth Aus$30,000 over three years).

47

Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) and International Federation of Surveyors

(FIG) grant to foster and support the integration of geographic information systems

technology (GIS) in the Departments of Geography and Land Management. With M.

Govorov (Geography) and S. Boydell (LMD) – $30,000 (November 2002).

Financial assistance totalling $49,000 was received for the FAO/USP/RICS Foundation South

Pacific Land Tenure Conflict Symposium: FAO $12,000, RICS Foundation $31,000, Colonial

$3,000, NLTB $1,500, Natural Waters of Fiji $1,500.

(d) Commercial Consultancies

M. Myers carried out the Classroom Audit, for The University of the South Pacific,

Suva, Fiji. This undertaking was part of the University Space Audit consultancy with

LMD Consultancy.

Management and Public Administration

Journal articles

Stanley Vanagunas. “Current Trends in the Education of Public Managers in the United States.”

Public Policy and Administration (Republic of Lithuania). Inaugural issue (2002): 33–8.


Frodey, C. “A model for managing service quality to produce customer delight.” Paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on ISO2000 & TQM, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia, April 2002.

Frodey, C. “Teivovo Magazine. The case of an international entrepreneur’s foray into a

developing country.” Paper presented at the International Management Development

Association’s Eleventh Annual World Business Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 10–14 July 2002.

Reddy, N. “Marketing Potential for Fiji Sugar.” Paper presented at the Pan Pacific Conference

XIX, Bangkok, Thailand, 29–31 May 2002.

Reddy, N. “Restructuring Prospects for the Fiji Sugar Industry.” Paper presented at the

International Management Development Association’s Eleventh Annual World Business

Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 10–14 July 2002.

Wimalasiri, J.S. “A cross-national study on children’s purchasing behaviour and parental

response.” A paper presented at the Academy of International Business Conference, held in San

Juan, Puerto Rico, 28 June–1 July 2002.

48

Periodicals and newspapers

Reddy, N. “Managing Change of Ownership in the Fiji Sugar Industry: From CSR to FSC.”

Macmillan Brown Centre for Pacific Studies, University of Canterbury, New Zealand, 2002.


Budhawar, P; E. Kaynak, P. Athena and R.D. Pathak. “Training Sales Representatives:

Experiences of a Greek Subsidiary of Rank Xerox.” Journal of International Selling and Sales

Management (publication of European Marketing Associations, UK) March (2002): 33–49.

Husain, Z. Sushil and R.D. Pathak. “Collaborations in the Indian Automobile Industry:

Technology Management Perspective.” Journal of Engineering and Technology Management

(Elsevier publication) March (2002).

Pathak, R.D, V.S. Chauhan, U. Dhar, D.M. Pestonjee and N. Reddy. “The Effects of Personal

and Situational Variables on Managerial Effectiveness: An Empirical Study.” International

Journal of Management (publication of Bournemouth University, UK & RMIT, Australia). 19.1

March (2002): 27–37.


Dubsky, R and R.D. Pathak. “The formula for Public Sector Reforms: Public Enterprise

Reform in Fiji Islands and Good Governance in Oceania.” Paper presented at IASIA

(International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration) Conference in Istanbul

(Turkey), 17–20 June 2002. (The Director of PIMD, on behalf of the authors, presented the

paper at the conference.)

Lee, S.M., D. Chang, R.D. Pathak and S. Lim. “Pedogogical Effect of Entrepreneurship

Education: A Comparative Study of the US, Korea and Fiji.” Paper presented at the XIX Pan

Pacific Conference in Bangkok, Thailand, 29–31 May 2002.

Wimalasiri, J.S. and Ben Waqailiti. “Cross-cultural comparison of moral reasoning capacity:

A study in the South Pacific Islands.” A paper presented at the Pan-Pacific Conference, held in

Bangkok, Thailand, 29–31 May 2002. (The second author made the presentation.)

Marine Affairs Programme

Journal articles

Veitayaki, J. “Taking Advantage of Indigenous Knowledge: the Fiji case.” International Social

Science Journal 173 (2002). RJ.

49


Evans, N. “Maritime Boundaries and the Pacific Islands.” Waves 9.1 (2002): 12–13.


Veitayaki, J. and N. Evans. “Maritime Boundaries: The Benefits of Delimitation.” Regional

Maritime Boundaries Consultation. South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission, Nadi,

Fiji, 24–26 April 2002.

Technical and professional reports and consultancies

Veitayaki, J., N. Evans and S. Tuqiri. “Train Sea Coast Courses on Responsible Fishing and the

Economics for Community-based Projects.” Forestry Unit, East Timor Transitional

Administration. (Consultancy for UNDP, 24 June–5 July 2002. F$48,221.)

Veitayaki, J. and A. Resture. “Global International Waters Assessment for Oceania Region.”

(Consultancy for International Ocean Institute, March 2002. F$27,861.)

Veitayaki, J., A. Resture and N. Evans. “Evaluation Study Report.” The Third Country Training

Programme on the Sustainable Use of Coral Reef Fisheries Resources with Special Emphasis on

Shellfish, Seed Production and Release in the Kingdom of Tonga.. (Consultancy Report

presented to JICA, May 2002. F$14,676.)

Joint authorship—Periodicals and newspaper articles

Veitayaki, J., W. Aalbersberg, A. Tawake, E. Rupeni and K. Tabunakawai. Mainstreaming

Resource Conservation: The Fiji Locally Managed Marine Area Network and its Influence on

National Policy Development. Canberra: The Australian National University, Resource

Management in Asia–Pacific Program (RMAP Working Paper No. 42), 2002.

Translations

Na Cava na i Vakarau ni kena Vakayagataki Vakayalomatua na i Qoliqoli (What is the Code of

Conduct for Responsible Fisheries?) Rome: (FAO). Rome: FAO/International Ocean Institute,

2002.

Other matters related to research activities

Veitayaki, J. received a grant of almost F$7224.00 from SPREP to conduct mangrove

management research work in Fiji. The money was used to produce the database and to host a

national workshop on mangrove management.

50

Population Studies

Journal articles

Chandra, Dharma. “Socio-demographic and Economic Characteristics of Migrants Heads of Households and the Consequences of their Migration .” Asia Pacific Population Journal 17.1 (2002): 55–78.


Seniloli, Kesaia. “Overview of Pacific Populations and the Implications.” Paper presented at

the Regional Strategy Meeting for the 3rd Cycle of Assistance to the Pacific Island Countries,

Nadi, Fiji, 4–6 March 2002.

Other research and networking activities

The Programme’s ongoing link with the South Pacific Community includes population research, especially that relating to adolescent sexuality. Recently, interaction with WHO and UNFPA in research in the area of reproductive health and adolescent sexuality has also been close. In February Ms Chandra participated in a workshop on Adolescent Reproductive Health and Sexuality, and in November in one organised by WHO on Sexual Behaviour Surveillance Research. She is part of the Sexual Relations Research Committee, whose other members represent SPC, UNFPA, UNAIDS, WHO and FSM. In March, she organised a community women’s workshop on education, information and communication on reproductive health issues. Three such activities, held in Nadera and Nasinu areas, attracted over 300 women’s attendance.

Ms Chandra and Ms Lewai, of the Fiji Bureau of Statistics, are developing a Statistical Gender Profile of Fiji. The Programme is also corroborating with the University of Waikato and l’Université de la polynèsie française to research South Pacific Population Change and Health Consequences.

Both Dr Seniloli and Ms Chandra participated in the Asia–Pacific Migration Network conference in Naviti, Sigatoka in October 2002.

51

Ms Chandra and Dr Mohanty (CDS) are the new coordinators for the network.

Sociology

Chapters and articles in books

Ratuva, S. “Conflicting Perspectives and Potential for Accommodation in a Plural Post-Coup

Society: Rebuilding a Fractured Fiji.” Good Governance in the South Pacific. Ed. K.

Gravelle. 2001 Parkinson Memorial Lecture Series. Suva: University of the South Pacific,

2002.

Ratuva, S. “The Paradox of Multi-culturalism: Managing Differences in Fiji’s Multi-cultural

State.” Pluri-culturalism and Differences in the Pacific. Ed. A. Faberon. Brussels: Brylant,

2002. (Published in French.)

Ratuva, S. “Political Parties in Multi-Ethnic Fiji.” Political Parties of the World. Ed. J.

Harper. London: Harper Publishers, 2002.

Ratuva, S. “Regime Change and Regime Maintenance in Fiji.” Regime Change and Regime

Maintenance in the Asia–Pacific Region. Ed. R. May. Canberra: Pandanus Press, ANU, 2002.

Ratuva, S. “Reinventing the Cultural Wheel: Restorative Justice in Multi-ethnic Fiji.” Conflict

and Restorative Justice in the Pacific. Ed. S. Dinnen. Canberra: Pandanus Press, ANU, 2002.

Patrick Vakaoti. “Gender and Youth in Fiji: A Discussion with University Students.” Citizen

C21: Young People in the Commonwealth. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2002.

Journal articles

Leslie, H. “Gendering Conflict and Conflict Management in the Solomon Islands.”

Development Studies Network, Development Bulletin, No. 60 December (2002).

Huffer, E. and Qalo, R. “Have we been thinking upside down? The Contemporary Emergence

of Pacific Theoretical Thought.” A paper presented in Vienna, Austria (and forthcoming in

The Contemporary Pacific).

Ratuva, S. “Economic Nationalism and Communal Consolidation: Affirmative Action in Fiji,

1987-2002.” Pacific Economic Bulletin 17.1 (2002).

Ratuva, S. “God’s Will in Paradise: The Politics of Religion and Ethnicity in Fiji.”

Development Bulletin 59, October (2002).

52

Reviews and comments

Ratuva, S. Book Review of A History of the Pacific Islands, by D. Scarr. Journal of Pacific

History.

Ratuva, S. Book Review of Government by the Gun: The Unfinished Business of Fiji’s 2000

Coup, by W. Sutherland and D. Robie. Pacific Economic Bulletin 17.2 (2002).


Ratuva, S. Extra-legal Politics in Paradise: The 1987 and 2000 coups in Fiji. Stockholm:

Life and Peace Institute, 2002.

Ratuva, S. Participation for Peace: A Study of Inter-religious and Inter-cultural Perception in

Fiji. Suva: Ecumenical Center for Research, Education and Advocacy, 2002.


Ratuva, S. “The 2002 Fiji Local Elections.” Review November 2002.

Joint authorship—Books

Ramaswamy, E.A. with M.N. Srinivas and A.M. Shah). The Field Worker and the Field:

Problems and Challenges in Sociological Investigation. Second Edition. India: Oxford

University Press, 2002.


Leslie, H. (co-authored with Margaret McAllister). “Pearls, Pith and Provocation: The

Benefits of Being a Nurse in Critical Social Research Practice.” Qualitative Health Research

(Sage Publications) 12.5 (May 2002).

Joint authorship—Professional and technical reports

Plange , Nii-K. (with David Forsyth). Social Impact Assessment of Free Trade Agreement

with Pacific Island Countries. 2002.

Tourism Studies

Conference publications and presentations

Berno, T. “Sustainable Tourism: Big Deal.” Keynote address, Mainstay Hotels Conference,

Korolevu , Fiji, 21–25 August 2002.

Waqaisavou, T. “Tourism on native land in Fiji: Where conflict is never ending.” Paper presented at

the FAO/USP/RICS Symposium, Suva, April 2002.

53


Berno, T. “Turtle Island Resort: To be a vital resource to their community.” Case study commissioned

by the Conference Board, Business Enterprises for Sustainable Development (BEST). Best

Practices 3.1 (2002).

Berno, T. “Beyond the Greening of Tourism: Thoughts on making the world’s biggest industry

sustainable.” Opening address for the Parkinson Memorial Lecture Series “The Green Pay-

Off: Sustainable development = economic growth: The greening of tourism.” University of

the South Pacific, Suva, September 2002.

Joint authorship—Journal articles (refereed)

Bricker, K., E. Sirakaya and T. Berno. “Sustainable Tourism Curriculum Development.” Annals of

Tourism Research 29.2 (2002): 562–4.

Doorne, S. and I. Ateljevic. “Representing New Zealand: Tourism imagery and ideology.” Annals of

Tourism Research 29.3 (2002): 648–67.

King, B. and T. Berno. “Tourism and civil disturbance: An evaluation of recovery strategies in Fiji

1987–2000.” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 9.1 (2002): 46–60.


Ward, C., A. Ong and T. Berno. “Personality, social support and adaptation of Asian students in New

Zealand.” Paper presented at the XIV International Congress of Applied Psychology,

Singapore, 8–12 July 2002.

54