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Fall Protection
Types of falls
Falls from same level ◦ Slips◦ Trips◦ High frequency rate◦ Low injury severity
rate
1a
Types of falls
Falls from an elevation◦ Relatively low
frequency rate◦ High injury
severity rate
Specific potential fall hazards
1b
Common fall protection systems Guardrail systems
and toeboards
Handrail and stair rail systems
Designated areas Hole covers
Safety net systems
Ladder cages Ramps and bridging devices
Slip-resistant floors
Effective housekeeping
2a
A person loses balance, and unintentionally moves from an upright to a prone/semi prone position
Free-fall velocity at impact when falling 12 feet is nearly 20 M.P.H.
Person hits the ground in less than one second from this distance…we fall fast
What happens during a fall?
3b
Falls are dangerous because of three primary elements:
The free-fall distance the worker falls
The shock absorption at impact
The body weight of the worker
Why falls are dangerous
4a
The uncontrolled length of travel before a worker hits the floor, ground, or before fall arrest equipment activates
Measured from the foot level before the fall, to the foot level after the fall
Should be controlled as much as possible. Keep it at a minimum
Free-fall distance
5a
Shock absorption at impact
Varies according to the types of fall protection equipment used
Shock-absorbing lanyards (Rope threaded through a pair of deadeyes) reduce the probability of injury
6a
Falls have more severe impact on heavy workers
“The bigger they are, the harder they fall.”
Heavy workers may have larger waistlines, preventing fall arrest equipment from fitting properly
Body weight of the worker
7a
Fall arrest systems
Used when engineering controls are not feasible or sufficient to eliminate the risk of a fall
Fall arrest systems:◦ prevent a worker from falling more
than 6 ft◦ prevent a worker from contacting any
lower level during arrest of a fall◦ Should not consist of body belts and
non-locking type snap hooks
8b
Fall arrest systems should:◦ limit the maximum arresting force on an
employee to 1800 pounds when a worker uses a body harness
◦ bring a worker to a complete stop◦ limit the deceleration distance a worker travels to
3 1/2 feet◦ have sufficient strength to withstand twice the
potential energy impact of a worker falling a distance of 6 feet - or-
◦ have sufficient strength to withstand the free-fall distance permitted by the system, whichever is less
Fall arrest systems
8c
Personal fall protection
Personal fall arrest systems that as a minimum consist of body wear, connecting device and anchorage connector
Positioning device system
Personal fall protection system for climbing activities
9a
Controlled Access Zones
Controlled access zones are areas where certain work may be done without the use of guardrails, personal fall arrest systems, or safety nets.
However, unlike a warning line, which is barrier that cannot be crossed, a controlled access zone establishes a boundary that can be crossed, but only by a specifically designated employee.
10a
Conventional fall protection
Key systems within this group include:
Guardrail Systems Hole Covers (For holes over 1” in size) Safety Nets Personal Fall Arrest Systems Positioning Systems Personal Fall Restraint Systems for
Climbing Activities
10a
Training
Equipment inspection
Application limits
Methods of use
Donning, doffing, adjusting equipment
10a
Anchoring and tie-off techniques
Emergency rescue plans and implementation
Maintenance procedures
Storage techniques
Training
10b
Vendor/Supplier information Comprehensive
instructions for fall arrest system use and application, provided by the supplier, should consist of:
11a
The force measured during the sample force test
Maximum elongation measured for lanyards during the force test
Deceleration distance for deceleration devices measured during the force test
Caution statements on critical-use limitations
Application Limits
Proper hook ups
Anchoring tie-off techniques
Proper climbing techniques
Basically everything you should know. Read the supplier information.
Vendor/Supplier information
11b
Employees will not experience repercussions from reporting hazards
Employees should report unsafe equipment, conditions, procedures
Equipment repair must receive top priority
Under no circumstances will defective equipment be used
Reporting fall hazards
12a
Equipment repair must receive top priority
Under no circumstances will defective equipment be used
Reporting fall hazards
12b
When fall conditions exist:◦ Take short steps◦ Keep toes pointed out◦ Walk on the whole foot when crossing rough or
slippery surfaces◦ Avoid making sharp turns◦ If you fall, protect your head and neck
Reporting fall hazards
12c
Reporting fall hazards
Employees can be exposed to disciplinary actions for failure to use fall protection equipment
12d
Our company’s safe work practices regarding fall protection include the use of appropriate harness.
If a fall does start to happen, the best way to deal with it is to relax, go limp, and not resist the fall.
Remember, this is for your safety, so if you fall, don’t panic. Keep calm, and let the harness do the rest.
Our Facility
Housekeeping
Effective housekeeping prevents falls
Keep high work areas free from:◦ Tools◦ Materials◦ Debris◦ Liquids
13a