User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF ...€¦ · User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF of RODOS PV6.0 - 1 - User Guide for the Forest Food

User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF of RODOS PV6.0

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User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF of RODOS PV6.0 (Version 31.3.2004) Michael Ammann, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK), P. O. Box 14, FIN-00881 Helsinki Contents

1 Overview 3 1.1 Input Data 6 1.2 Output data 7

2 Starting the model 8 2.1 Before the run 8 2.2 Starting FDMF 10 2.3 Archived runs 13

3 Initialization Windows 16

4 Input Windows 17 4.1 Nuclide selection 17 4.2 Parameter set selection 18 4.3 Population group selection 19

5 Results 20 5.1 Activity concentrations 20 5.2 External dose-rates 20 5.3 Effective doses 20 5.4 Collective doses 21 5.5 Log file 22 5.6 Info file 22

6 Interfaces 23

Document History 24

Version 1.1 (draft) User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF of RODOS PV

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Initial Note FDMF is the program name given to the forest food chain and dose module of RODOS. This is also the name that is used in this User Guide to refer to the program. In the actual RODOS installation, however, there might be a version number attached to the program name. This can be seen in the window captures used in this User Guide to illustrate the user interface: in these FDMF50 refers usually to the forest food chain and dose module.


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1 Overview The forest food chain and dose module FDMF can be used to estimate radiation doses after an accidental contamination of forests in Europe. Internal doses received from ingestion of contaminated wild foodstuffs and external exposure to radionuclides distributed in forests can be predicted for periods between one day and 50 years after the day of deposition. Doses are calculated for an average member of the population or for population groups that experience exceptional high exposure (e.g. forest workers, mushroom and berry pickers, or hunters). In addition to doses, the activity concentration in debarked stem wood is calculated as it provides a means to judge the availability of acceptable timber. For a model description of FDMF refer to RODOS(RA3)-TN(04)-01.

Fig. 1 shows the input and output interfaces of FDMF. FDMF initially calculates the deposition to different forest compartments. To do so, it needs the activity concentration in air above ground and the total wet deposition to forest land. This information together with grid and nuclide information is provided by an atmospheric dispersion module of RODOS. This can either be QUICKPRO or ALSMC. The grid information is used to lookup the radio-ecological region IDs, which are used together with user provided forest, mushroom, berry, game meat and population group IDs to retrieve the appropriate parameterisation from the parameter database.

Fig. 1 Input/output interfaces of FDMF

Parameter database

Atm. di s persion model

User input

Graphics Server

Interface to LCMforest

RoGIS database

Interface to DC M


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FDMF produces output in form of thematic maps, time-plots and tables for:

• Activity concentrations in mushrooms, berries, game meat and debarked stem wood

• External dose-rate in forests for an adult member of the population

• Effective dose that different population groups receive via forest related pathways

• Collective dose of the population groups.

FDMF complements the other food chain and dose modules of the RODOS system. Together they cover all aspects of the various ecosystems. There is a:

• Food chain and dose module for terrestrial pathways (FDMT), which assesses the consequences of radioactive contaminations of agricultural areas,

• Food chain and dose module for the transfer of tritium (FDMH),

• Food chain and dose module for aquatic pathways (FDMA), which assesses the consequences of radioactive contamination of water bodies (lakes, rivers, groundwater).

The Dose Combination Module (DCM) combines results of these different food and dose modules (Figure: 1.1).


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ADMAtmospheric Dispersion Module

TerrestrialFood Chain

Module

AquaticFood Chain

Module

ForestFood Chainand DoseModule

TritiumFood Chainand DoseModule

TerrestrialDose

Module

AquaticDose

Module

Countermeasure Subsystem CSY

Dose Combination Module

FDMHFDMFFDMAFDMT

HydrologicalModule

Figure 1.1: Data flow of the Food and Dose Modules.


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1.1 Input Data

FDMF needs information about the deposition. This information comes from an atmospheric dispersion module and is loaded by the RODOS system into shared memory. A detailed list of loaded variables is given in the Functional Specification of FDMF (RODOS(RA3)-TN(01)-07). The most important are:

• Number and names of nuclides for which atmospheric dispersion was calculated

• Number of locations (grid points) for which atmospheric dispersion has been calculated

• Deposition date (year, month, day)

• Activity concentrations in air (for each location, radionuclide and time step)

• Wet deposited activity onto the ground (for each location, radionuclide and time step)

• Amount of precipitation (for each location and time step)

• Fractions of iodine in each chemical form (aerosol bound, elemental, organic)

Model parameters of the food chain and dose calculation are kept in a parameter database. Each parameter is stored in a separate text table with index columns specifying possible nuclide-, region-, forest type or other dependencies. Important model parameters are for example

• Growing and harvesting times of berries or mushrooms

• Transfer factors (soil-plant, feed-animal)

• Food consumption rates

• Dose-conversion factors

A detailed description of the model parameter database is given in the Model Description of the FDMF (RODOS(RA3)-TN(04)-01).

Like in the other food dose models, many of the parameters depend on the radio-ecological region. FDMF receives the region IDs from the RODOS geographical database. This database also provides the population number at each location, which is used to assess the collective dose.

The model parameters are grouped into forest, berry, mushroom, or game related parameter sets. For each radiological region there can be more than one such parameter set in the database. For example, parameterisations for different tree species and age classes may be kept in the database. The user is asked at program start to specify the parameter sets of choice. This is done via the Graphical User Interface GUI. In addition, the user can select/deselect nuclides and population


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groups. Calculations are only done for the selected nuclides and population groups.

1.2 Output data

FDMF calculates and presents the following endpoints:

• Activity concentration in berries

• Activity concentration in game meat

• Activity concentration in mushrooms

• Activity concentration in debarked stem wood

• Ingestion dose from the intake of these products by different population groups

• External effective dose-rate in forests for an adult member of the population

• External effective doses in different population groups that spend some time in forests, either for work or recreation

• Collective doses from these pathways

These endpoints are provided for all user-selected nuclides. In addition, doses-rates, effective doses and collective doses are provided for the sum over nuclides and for all user-selected population groups. The available population groups are:

• Adults

• Children of age 5 year

• Hunter

• Berry or mushroom collector

• Forest worker

• Vegetarian

The collective dose represents the sum over all locations of the calculation area. All other endpoints are location dependent (spatially distributed). Activity concentrations and dose-rates are time-dependent and the various dose assessments depend on the integration-time.

FDMF visualizes time and location dependent data with thematic maps and time-plots. Maps show the spatial distribution of an endpoint at the time of its maximum and time plots depict the time-behaviour at the location with the highest value. The collective dose assessment is tabulated in text files.

In addition to data that is presented by the Graphic Server, FDMF stores interface data for subsequent use in the forest countermeasure module LCMForest and in the dose combination module DCM.


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2 Starting the model

2.1 Before the run

FDMF needs to be configured with the results of an atmospheric dispersion module, which can be either QUICKPRO or ALSMCprogn. Load files are available for both cases and the respective one has to be activated using the 'Activate Load List Window' of the RODOS System.

• For this, select the button [Tools] in the main menu of RODOS:

• The ‘Tools’ window appears:

• Choose [Load] to run the Load Manager. The window

“Loading (DB->Memory)” appears:


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• Select FDMF in the dropdown menu “Program name”.

• Select [File] and then [Reset] and [Open…]. A list of the available load files appears. There is one with the comment “Loading from QuickProgno of RODOS PV5.0” and one with comment “Loading from ALSMCprgn of RODOS PV5.0”.

• Select [File] and then [Activate…]. A new window ‘Activate Load List’ appears:


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• Select Program group FDMF.

• Select the desired load file in the ‘Available Lists’ field. Click on [Apply].

• Close window by [File] and [Quit].

2.2 Starting FDMF

An interactive computation run of FDMF is started in the following way:

• In the main menu of RODOS select the button [Interactive]

• The ‘Interactive Manager’ window appears. Choose [Configuration] and then [Importing Result-Dataset To] to select the results of a previous run of one of the Atmospheric Dispersion Programs (e.g. QUICKPRO or ALSMCprogn) as input to FDMF.


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• A window called 'Target-Programs' appears, in which the

button [FDMF] has to be selected.

• Then a window appears in which all archived runs of the

Atmospheric Dispersion Modules are listed. A run is selected by clicking on it and then pressing the button [Apply].

• Click on the button [FDMF] in the 'Interactive Manager' -window to start a new run of FDMF.

• A 'Start Box'-window for the definition of the RunId pops up, a RunId has to be entered by the user.


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• The program run is started by clicking on [Start] in the ‘Start

Box’-window.

• FDMF sends graphic output directly to the Graphic Server. If the Graphics Server has not yet started, the user can activate it by selecting the [Graphics] button in the main menu of RODOS.

After the program has been started, a 'Control & Services'-window appears. This control window is divided into an upper and lower part. The upper part contains the RunID of the currently selected run as well as four buttons to control the runs. The lower part contains five buttons with which various services can be chosen. All buttons are described in detail in the User Guide for the Graphical System. The only button in the lower part which is of interest for FDMF is the button:

• [Process Status ] Selecting this service opens a window with the list of all modules of the selected run and their actual state. The colour coding of the modules indicates whether the module has not yet started (blue), data is loaded from the database (yellow), the module is calculating (green), the results are archived in the database (red) or the module has finished its work (grey).


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Input windows for parameter set specification, and nuclide and population group selection will pop up after starting FDMF.

2.3 Archived runs

Archived graphical output of FDMF can be displayed by selecting [File] and further [Display Results] in the menu bar of the Interactive Manager window of RODOS

Thereafter, a window pops up with a list of program groups available where a run can be selected.


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In the Program Groups window the requested FDMF button has to be selected. By pressing the button [FDMF], a window pops up with the list of all FDMF runs archived.

One run out of the list has to be selected and the button [Apply] has to be pressed. Thereafter, two windows appear: The Control & Services window (see above) and the Application List window.


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The next step is first to select the run in the Application List window by simply clicking on it (colour does not change), and next to select the [Graphics] button in the Control & Services window. Thereafter, a window with the list of all results archived for this run is displayed.

In this window either individual results can be selected by clicking through the context menu up to a result which is marked with a red cross. This can be selected by pressing the [Apply] button. Or it is also possible to select all results by pressing first the [All] button and thereafter the [Apply] button. The [Close] button can be selected if no further result is requested.


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3 Initialization Windows FDMF requests required input data (parameter set specifications, nuclide and population group selections) after program start. There is no need to go through the initialisation windows.


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4 Input Windows After you have started FDMF you will be presented with input windows for nuclide, population group and parameter set selections.

4.1 Nuclide selection

This window presents the list of nuclides that is received from ADM. Some nuclides are deactivated because they cannot be included in an FDMF calculation. These are noble gases, nuclides with half- lives shorter than one day and nuclides with zero deposition. FDMF stops if


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there are only such nuclides in the input. You can deactivate further nuclides, but any additional activation will be ignored. The window will reappear if you did not select at least one allowed nuclide.

If you have changed anything, click [Update].

4.2 Parameter set selection

The model calculation depends on dozens of parameters. These are grouped into forest, mushroom, berry and game related parameter sets. The database may contain several alternative parameter sets for each group. In Region 1, for example, there are three forest related parameter sets defined, namely for mixed, deciduous and coniferous forests.

A window appears for each radio-ecological region of the current run. The region ID is mentioned first and followed by entry fields for forest, mushroom, berry and game IDs. Specifying these you choose from the database the actual model parameterisation in each radio-ecological region. FDMF aborts if an ID is not present in the database. The default ID for all of these is 1. For additional IDs refer to the database tables ‘forest_id.dat’, ‘mush_id.dat’, ‘berry_id.dat’ and


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‘game_id.dat’ in the database directory $RODOS_DIR/roextern/data/fdmf/dbase/.


4.3 Population group selection

This window presents the population groups for which radiation doses are calculated. You can activate one or more. The window will reappear if there is not at least one group selected. By default all of them are activated. This is the setting needed for DCM.



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5 Results The endpoints of FDMF comprise activity concentrations, dose-rates, effective doses and collective doses. Thematic maps are used to visualize the spatial distribution of these data and time-plots depict the time-behaviour. In addition, tables are provided for the collective dose. Finally, there is a log containing input selections and retrieved parameter values, and an info file.

You can use the capabilities of the Graphics Server to adjust the visualisation to fit your purpose. Amongst other things you might

• zoom in/out

• (de)select backdrop features

• use linear or logarithmic scale

• adjust the scale of the y-axis

For more detailed information, refer to the Users Guide of the Graphics Server.

5.1 Activity concentrations

FDMF calculates time, location and nuclide dependent activity concentrations in mushrooms, berries, game meat and debarked stem wood. The activity concentrations of wild food refer to the respective raw products (before culinary preparations) and are given in Bq per kg fresh weight.

There is a thematic map and a time-plot for each user-selected nuclide. The thematic map visualizes the spatial distribution at the time that the activity concentration is maximal. Correspondingly, the time-plot depicts the time-behaviour at the location where the activity concentration is maximal.

5.2 External dose-rates

FDMF calculates the external effective dose-rate in nSv/h to adult members of the public. The endpoint is calculated for each nuclide and for the sum over all nuclides. In addition, it is time and location dependent.

There is a thematic map and a time-plot for each user-selected nuclide and for the sum over all nuclides. The thematic map visualizes the spatial distribution at the time that the dose-rate is maximal. Correspondingly, the time-plot depicts the time-behaviour at the location where the dose-rate is maximal.

5.3 Effective doses

FDMF assesses the effective doses in mSv to user-selected population groups, which can be one ore more of these:


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• Adults


• Hunter


• Forest worker

• Vegetarian

The external doses and the doses from ingestion of mushrooms, berries and game meat are assessed separately. In addition, the sum over the ingestion pathway is calculated.

The dose assessment depends on the integration time. In accordance with the other food chain and dose modules, FDMF assesses the doses after 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 years. In case of the ingestion dose, these periods are the periods of intake which contribute to the committed dose.

There is a thematic map and a time-plot for each user-selected nuclide and for the sum over all nuclides. The thematic map visualizes the spatial distribution of the committed dose when it is maximal, i.e. after 50 years. Correspondingly, the time-plot depicts the gradual dose accumulation at the location where the dose is maximal. This data is also provided in a table. At the maximum location, it assembles the dose from the different nuclides and from the sum over all selected nuclides in different columns of a text file. This file can be read by other plotting utilities.

5.4 Collective doses

FDMF assesses the collective effective doses in manSv for user-selected population groups, which can be one ore more of these:

• Adults


• Hunter


• Forest worker

• Vegetarian

The external dose contribution and that from ingestion of mushrooms, berries and game meat are assessed separately. In addition, the sum over the ingestion pathway is calculated.

The assessment depends on the integration time. In accordance with the other food chain and dose modules, FDMF assesses the collective doses after 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 years. In case of the ingestion


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dose, these periods are the periods of intake which contribute to the committed dose.

The reported collective dose is the sum over the contributions from all locations. Tables are used to present the collective dose from the different nuclides and from the sum over all selected nuclides in different columns of a text file. This file can be read by other plotting utilities.

5.5 Log file

The log file contains summary information about the input, namely:

• Deposition date

• Nuclide names

• Max. time- integrated activity concentration air (Bq*s/m3)

• Max. wet deposited activity (Bq/m2)

• Max. amount of rain (mm)

It further contains the user selection (forest-, mushroom-, berries-, game-, and population group-IDs) and tables of the actual model parameterisation

5.6 Info file

An info file is provided and shortly explains the produced results.


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6 Interfaces FDMF stores data in the database that subsequently can be loaded into the forest countermeasure module LCMforest and into the dose combination module DCM.

DCM expects dose assessments for all population groups. Therefore you should select in the input all population groups if you intend to use the results in DCM. If you do not do so, the dose contribution of forest pathways will be zero for the missed population group(s).


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Document History Document Title: User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module

FDMF of RODOS PV5.0 Version and status: Version 1.1 (draft) Authors/Editors: Michael Ammann Address: STUK, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority P O Box 14, FIN-00881 Helsinki, Finland

Issued by: History: Date of Issue: March 2004 Circulation: File Name : FDMF_UG.doc Date of print: June 16, 2004

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User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF ...€¦ · User Guide for the Forest Food Chain and Dose Module FDMF of RODOS PV6.0 - 1 - User Guide for the Forest Food