Use your notes to answer the following questions:

• What is an indulgence?

• Why did Martin Luther post his 95 Theses?

• How did the printing press influence the Reformation?

• What was nepotism?

• What was Predestination

• What was the major effect of the Protestant Reformation on European Society?

When you are done, silently get a book and begin DEAR

• Have you ever stood up for someone or something when you knew what was going on was wrong. If not, why did you stay silent?

• List 5 grievances (complaints/things you would change) as it relates to the educational system

•DiscoveryEd video

If your best friend had done a terrible thing that you know they are guilty of, would you pay $1,000 to have their sin forgiven and get them to heaven? Why or why not?

For every action, there is a reaction

1. Phone Rings

2. I don’t study for a test

3. I break my pencil lead

4. I don’t hear my alarm go off

5. The Catholic Church is criticized

•List four reasons Martin Luther was a hero and four reasons Martin Luther was a villain. Then, write a thesis statement explaining which one you believe he was

1. Black Death

2. Scientific Advances which contradicted the Church

3. Corruption (improper use of money) within the Catholic Church

4. Anger at indulgences (the act of paying money to the Church to have a sin forgiven)

5. Invention of the printing press allowed ideas to spread more quickly

Prior to the Reformation all Christians were Roman Catholic

The [REFORM]ation was an attempt to REFORM (change) the Catholic Church

People like Martin Luther wanted to get rid of the corruption and restore the people’s faith in the church

Martin Luther

John Calvin

Henry VIII

Lived from 1483-1546 in Germany

Father encouraged him to study law

Believed in nepotism

(giving jobs to family

members instead of more

qualified workers)

He became troubled over the possibility of not going to heaven

He turned to the Bible, and confession for comfort

In the Bible he found the answer he was looking for

“The righteous shall by his faith.”

Luther realized that only faith (in the ultimate goodness of Jesus), not good deeds, could save a person. No good works, rituals, etc. would save a person if they did not believe.

A list of things he thought were wrong with the Catholic Church (95 Complaints) that he posted on church doors in Germany

He criticized:

The Power of the Pope

The Extreme Wealth of the Church

Indulgences

Gutenberg’s Printing Press made it possible for Luther to spread his beliefs

Gained support from people and criticism from Church

•The first thing printed on Gutenberg’s press was the Bible.

•This is a picture of a page from one of Gutenberg’s Bibles.

The Diet of Worms1520 Pope Leo X order Luther to give up his beliefsLuther burned the order and was excommunicatedLuther went into hiding where he translated the New Testament into German – spreading his beliefs even further

Anti-Catholic

Influenced by Martin Luther

Disagreed with Luther’s “Salvation through faith alone.”

In Calvinist communities, the Protestant church was governed by a small group of laymen called presbyters

Spread Protestantism to Scotland

Calvin believed in:

Salvation through Predestination

At birth it is decided if you will go to heaven or hell

Foreknowledge

God knows everything that will happen in your life

Purified approach to life:

No drinking, swearing, card playing, gambling etc..

Decline in religious unity and in the power of the Catholic church

Split European countries

into two groups (northern

European countries became Protestant and southern

European countries remained Catholic)

• Was Martin Luther considered a hero or a villain?

• List four reasons why he could be considered a hero

• List four reasons why he could be considered a villain

• Create a THESIS STATEMENT about Martin Luther and explain your reasons.

• Write a PERSUASIVE invitation to former Catholics to rejoin the Catholic faith after the Counter-Reformation (can be an advertisement, flyer, or letter and should be at least ½ page if a letter)

• Include:

1. Acknowledgment of what needed changing

2. Acknowledge what was changed

3. Why they should come back

OR

Pretend you are a supporter of Martin Luther. Write a letter to the Pope explaining how you feel about the Catholic church. Make sure you reference specific reasons from class that people were angry and frustrated with the Pope and church.