U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965-2017 · 2019. 8. 12. · This report includes data for 1965 to 2017. Data for the years prior to 1965 can be

U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017James L. HowardShaobo Liang

United States Department of Agriculture

ForestService

Forest ProductsLaboratory

Research PaperFPL–RP–701

July2019

© Michael Flippo – stock.adobe.com

July 2019Howard, James L.; Liang, Shaobo. 2019. U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and price statistics, 1965–2017. Research Paper FPL-RP-701. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 96 p.A limited number of free copies of this publication are available to the public from the Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726-2398. This publication is also available online at www.fpl.fs.fed.us. Laboratory publications are sent to hundreds of libraries in the United States and elsewhere.The Forest Products Laboratory is maintained in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) of any product or service.

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AbstractThis report presents current and historical annual data on the production, trade, consumption, and prices of timber products in the United States. The report also focuses on national statistics but includes some data for individual states and regions and for Canada. The data were collected from industry trade associations and government agencies. They are intended for use by forest land managers, forest industries, trade associations, forestry schools, renewable resource organizations, individuals in the major timber producing and consuming countries of the world, and the general public. A major use of the data is tracking industry production and consumption trends over time. One of the major shifts that has occurred in the wood-using industry since the great recession of 2008–2010 is that both production and consumption of roundwood per capita increased. Because of increased paper recycling and increased processing efficiency, the consumption per capita in roundwood equivalent decreased from 83 ft3 in 1986 to 49 ft3 in 2008. But during the most recent time period, the increase in production per capita was caused by the

U.S. economic recovery, which positively impacted wood markets. In the 1960s and 1970s, consumption averaged 65 ft3 per capita before increasing and peaking in 1986 to 83 ft3 per capita. Since 2004, consumption per capita has continued to steadily decrease, falling to 42 ft3 in 2009 before increasing to 52.4 ft3 in 2017. Per capita consumption in 2017 was 52.4 ft3, which was the eighth consecutive year of increases. Since 1999, paper consumption fell from 57 to 32 million tons in 2017. Since 1999, newsprint capacity declined from 7.4 to 1.5 million tons in 2017 and printing and writing paper fell from 29.5 to 15.9 million tons of capacity in 2017. Another shift occurring during the past several years is increased emphasis on wood energy use, which has shown wide fluctuations during the last decade and into 2017. One exception to this trend is pellet production and trade, which has continued to grow for the last 5 years. Another shift occurring is the potential for increased production of new products such as cross-laminated timber with the establishment of multiple manufacturing facilities in the Pacific Northwest.

Keywords: production, consumption, import, export

U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics,

1965–2017James L. Howard, Economist

Shaobo Liang, Postdoctoral ScientistUSDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Research Paper FPL–RP–701

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PrefaceThis report includes data for 1965 to 2017. Data for the years prior to 1965 can be found in earlier reports in the series. Since the last publication of this series (Howard and Jones 2016; data compiled through 2013), many agencies have discontinued the collection of various data. This change is indicated on the tables, where applicable. Some data were derived from mathematical calculations, and some show conversions from different units of measurement.

Factors for converting units of measurement to metric and English unitsa

UnitConversion

factorMetric and

English unit

square foot 0.0929 square metercubic foot (log trade) 0.028317 cubic metershort tons (chips) 0.0185 1,000 cubic feetboard foot (hardwood lumber)

0.00236 cubic meter

board foot (softwood lumber)

0.00170 cubic meter

board foot (lumber export and imports)

0.00236 cubic meter

board foot (logs) 0.00453 cubic meter1,000 square feet (1/8-in. panels)

0.295 cubic meter

1,000 square feet (1/4-in. panels)

0.59 cubic meter


0.885 cubic meter


2.036 square foot (surface measure)


1.18 cubic meter


1.77 cubic meter

cubic meterb 0.0023 million square feet (surface measure)

square meter 10.7639 square foot (surface measure)

cord 2.27 cubic metercord 2.65 green tonton 0.0003 1,000 cordston (short ton) 0.907 metric tonpound 0.453592 kilogrampound per cubic foot 16.01846 kilogram per cubic

meterinch 25.4 millimeterBritish thermal unit 0.001 megajouleaU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (48,49). bBased on square feet 3/8-inch panels.

Factors for converting standard units to short tons

Product Standard unit

Weight of wood per

standard unit (short tons)

Roundwood products Softwood 1,000 cubic feet 17.5 air dried Hardwood 1,000 cubic feet 20.0 air dried Softwood cord (80 cubic feet) 1.4 Hardwood cord (80 cubic feet) 1.6Lumber Softwood 1,000 board feet 0.974 Hardwood 1,000 board feet 1.680 Laminated veneer lumber 1,000 cubic feet 17.5Structural panels Softwood plywood 1,000 square feet,

3/8-in. basis0.544

Waferboard and OSBa 1,000 square feet, 3/8-in. basis

0.866

Medium-density fiberboard 1,000 square feet, 3/4-in. basis

1.406

Nonstructural panels Hardboard 1,000 square feet,

1/8-in. basis0.380

Insulation board 1,000 square feet, 1/2-in. basis

0.367

Particleboard 1,000 square feet, 3/4-in. basis

0.578

Hardwood plywood 1,000 square feet, 3/8-in. basis

0.657

Hardwood plywood 1,000 square feet, surface measure

0.2

Pulp, paper, and board 1,000 tons 1,000Other industrial products 1,000 tons 16.5aOriented strandboard.

Throughout the tables and text, billion denotes 109. The references cited in the text and in the tables are listed separately. Text references are listed in literature cited. The sources for data in the tables are listed in an annotated bibliography, which is cross-referenced to the tables. This report is available through the Forest Products Laboratory web site (www.fpl.fs.fed.us), and the tables are available through the Forest Service Data Archive (https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2018-0035). Tables of conversion factors and a map of Forest Service Administrative regions follow.

U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017

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HighlightsEconomic activity in most of the major timber products markets, including paper and paperboard, remained volatile in 2017, although some product markets grew (such as softwood lumber production) while other production markets showed little change or declined from the previous year. Paper and paperboard production held essentially stable increasing by 0.1% in 2017 from 2016. New housing construction, which accounts for more than a third of the U.S. softwood lumber and structural panels consumed and accounts for substantial volumes of other softwood and hardwood products, grew in 2017 but remained below the peak housing production year of 2005. Consumption of oriented strandboard (OSB) during 2017 continued to exceed plywood consumption as OSB production increased 4.9% in 2017 compared with 2016. The total industrial production index, an important demand determinant for pallet lumber, containerboard, and some grades of paper, increased 1.8% in 2017 (Table 1). Private nonresidential construction expenditures increased in 2017 compared with 2016, and residential fixed investment also increased during 2017. Wood energy use in the United States continued to be volatile, declining during 2017 although wood pellet production grew (Table 60).

The U.S. housing market strengthened during 2017 as sales of both new and previously occupied homes began to rebound from all-time record lows. Starts of conventionally built homes (excluding mobile homes) increased by 2.5% from a year earlier to 1.2 million units during 2017. New and existing home sales in 2017 totaled 6.2 million units; this number consisted of 5.5 million units that were previously occupied and 616 thousand that were new units. A record high for home sales was established in 2005 when 8.4 million units were sold. Of the 8.4 million units sold, 7.1 million units were previously occupied homes and 1.3 million were new units. In terms of market share within region in 2017, new homes sold were strongest in the South, with 650,000 units sold. This represented 50% of all new sales in the United States for 2017. The production index for final products and nonindustrial supplies advanced in 2016 and 2017. The production of durable consumer goods, which includes furniture and fixtures, had moderate to noticeable gains in 2016 and 2017. The index for consumer nondurables, which includes paper products, edged up slightly in 2016 and 2017. Another significant indicator of demand for wood products increased in 2017 relative to 2016: total industrial production rose in 2017, increasing by 1.8%. Housing trends in 2017, along with comparably stronger economic growth, caused the lumber industry to rebound and exceed production levels of one year earlier, but it still remained well below peak production levels of 2005. U.S. softwood lumber production remained below record levels by 17.0%.

The most significant problem facing housing markets since 2017 is the escalation of framing lumber prices, which are up 59% since the start of 2017. Recent National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) surveys suggest the price for lumber has overtaken the availability of labor as the primary business challenge for home builders. Since the beginning of 2017, rising lumber prices have added more than $7,000 to the price of a typical new home and more than $2,000 to the price of a typical apartment.

U.S. consumption of wood and paper products required roundwood input to make products produced in the United States (for domestic consumption). This consumption of roundwood to meet the needs of U.S. consumers (including fuelwood) increased 1.0% per year between 1965 and 1995, from 13.3 to 19.2 billion ft3. This consumption increased to 20.0 billion ft3 in 2005 before decreasing to just 13.1 billion ft3 in 2009 during the great recession. By 2017, this consumption had recovered to 17.1 billion ft3. U.S. production of wood and paper products plus fuelwood use required roundwood harvest from U.S. forests, which also increased 1.0% per year from 1965 to 1995, from 12.3 to 17.6 billion ft3. In contrast to roundwood needed for U.S. product consumption, U.S. roundwood harvest needed for U.S. production has declined since 1991 from 18.8 to 15.9 billion ft3 in 2017, which was 3.7 billion ft3 above the level of harvest in 1965. The 15.9 billion ft3 continued the upward trend of eight straight years of production increases since 2009, which reversed the trend of production declines resulting from the economic downturn of the great recession (Table 5a).

During 2017, apparent consumption of most timber products increased compared with previous year levels. Western production of softwood lumber from the California redwood region increased slightly at 1.1%, and western softwood lumber production increased by 3.0%. Domestic markets for hardwood lumber have been flat in recent years as reflected in four consecutive years of flat production. The combined roundwood and forest chip production for pulp and OSB mills decreased by 1.2% in 2017 from 2016 (AF&PA 2018a). Softwood plywood production reversed its declining trend, increasing in 2017 by 2.5% compared with 1 year earlier. Consumption of OSB continued to exceed plywood consumption during 2017 and has remained above plywood consumption since 1998. Shipments of particleboard and medium-density fiberboard (MDF) were relatively unchanged in 2017 compared with 2016.

U.S. furniture production has essentially been flat since 2015. Although the U.S. furniture market has been expanding, domestic furniture producers have been losing market share because U.S. furniture imports have grown to meet the increased demand. Continued growth in U.S. imports of Chinese, Vietnamese, Indonesian, and Malaysian


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furniture presents an increasing problem for U.S. furniture manufacturers and the companies that supply them with nonstructural panels such as particleboard and MDF as well as hardwood lumber. Imports totaled $5.5 billion in 2017, up 14% from 2016. Shipments from China were $3.8 billion, up 9.3%. Imports from Vietnam totaled $670 million, up 49%, and shipments from Mexico totaled $364 million, up 10.3%. Imports accounted for roughly 35% of the upholstered furniture sold in the United States in 2017, up from 32% in 2016. The ongoing disparity between U.S. furniture production and imports is a sign that the strong U.S. dollar is making the relatively lower prices of furniture imports more attractive to customers (APA — The

Engineered Wood Association 2018a). Not only has total lumber consumed by the U.S. furniture industry decreased but the species mix has changed as well. Less red oak lumber and parts are being used and alternative species such as hard maple are being used.

The near-term outlook is one of continued growth in the demand for most timber products. Timber volumes supplied by the National Forest have increased in recent years. In 2017, valued at about $178 million, National Forest harvest totaled 2.6 billion board feet, making up 5% of the total U.S. timber harvest. This total was down more than 84% from the peak in 1991.


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ContentsGeneral Economic Trends ...................................................................................................................................................................................1Timber Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption .........................................................................................................................................2Lumber Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ........................................................................................................................................3Wood Pulp and Pulpwood Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ...........................................................................................................7Plywood and Veneer Log Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ............................................................................................................9Particleboard, Hardboard, and Insulation Board Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ....................................................................... 12Miscellaneous Timber Products Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ................................................................................................ 13Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable Forest Management .............................................................................................................................. 13Volume and Value of Wood and Wood Products Production ............................................................................................................................ 14Total and Per Capita Consumption of Wood and Wood Products .................................................................................................................... 15Value and Volume in Roundwood Equivalents of Exports and Imports of Wood Products ............................................................................. 16Recovery or Recycling of Forest Products as a Percentage of Total Forest Products Consumption ................................................................ 16Literature Cited ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16Annotated Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................................................... 17TablesGeneral Economic Trends1—Measures of economic growth, population, and prices, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................... 232—Number of households and housing market indicators, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................... 243—Average hourly earnings in timber-based industries and all manufacturing in the United States, 1972–2017 .......................................... 254—Average employment in lumber-producing and lumber-dependent industries in the United States, in thousand people, 1972–2017 ...... 26Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and PricesAll Products–Tables 5–7 in Roundwood Equivalents5a—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic feet) .................................... 275b—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic meters) ............................... 285c—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (metric tons carbon) ...................... 296a—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of softwood timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic feet) .................... 306b—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of softwood timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic meters) ................ 316c—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (metric tons carbon) ...................... 327a—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of hardwood timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic feet) ................... 337b—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of hardwood timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic meters) .............. 34 7c—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (metric tons carbon) ...................... 35 8a—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products (excludes additives and fillers) in tons, by major product, 1965–2017 (million tons) .............................................................................................................................................................................. 368b—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products (excludes additives and fillers) in tons, by major product, 1965–2017 (thousand metric tons) ................................................................................................................................................................ 379—U.S. annual industrial wood product production in thousands of short tons, product weight, 1965–2017 ................................................ 3810—Industrial wood productivity, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................................................................. 3911a—Per capita consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................... 4011b—Per capita consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic meters) ................................................................... 4112—Consumption of selected timber products and other materials used in construction, manufacturing, and shipping, 1965–2017 ............ 4213—Volume and value of imports and exports of timber products by product, 2017 ...................................................................................... 4414—Value of imports and exports of all commodities and timber products, 1965–2017 ................................................................................ 4515—Foreign exchange rates by selected country and year, 1975–2017 ........................................................................................................... 46Logs16—Log imports by major species, 1965–2017 ............................................................................................................................................... 4817—Log imports by major region of origin, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................................................. 4918—Log exports by major species, 1965–2017 ............................................................................................................................................... 5019—Log exports by major region of destination, 1965–2017 .......................................................................................................................... 5120—Average stumpage prices for sawtimber sold from National Forests, by selected species, 1965–2017 ................................................... 5221—Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from National Forests, by selected species and region, 2017 ....................................... 53


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22—Average stumpage prices for sawtimber sold from private lands in Louisiana, by selected species, 1965–2017 .................................... 5623—Veneer log production, by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 .......................................................................................................... 57Pulpwood24—Pulpwood consumption, production, imports, exports, and the equivalent wood volumes of imports and exports of paper, board, and wood pulp, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5825—Pulpwood production, by region and softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 ......................................................................................... 5926—Pulpwood stumpage prices of Louisiana and northern New Hampshire, 1965–2017 .............................................................................. 6027—Pulpwood prices of Louisiana and northern New Hampshire, 1965–2017 .............................................................................................. 61Lumber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Prices28—Lumber production, imports, exports, and consumption by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 ...................................................... 6229—Lumber production, by region and softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 ............................................................................................. 6330—Lumber production in the U.S., 1965–2017 ............................................................................................................................................. 6431—United States lumber imports, by softwoods and hardwoods and country of origin, 1965–2017 ............................................................ 6532—United States lumber exports, by softwoods and hardwoods and country of destination, 1965–2017 .................................................... 6633—Lumber production in Canada, by softwoods and hardwoods and region, 1965–2017 ............................................................................ 6734—Lumber and competing engineered wood products production, by type of product, 1970–2017 ............................................................ 6835—Producer price indexes for lumber and selected nonwood competing materials, 1965–2017 .................................................................. 6936—Relative producer price index for lumber, 1800–2017 ............................................................................................................................. 72Plywood and Veneer Production, Trade, Consumption, and Prices37—Plywood production, imports, exports, and consumption by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 ..................................................... 7338—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of structural panel products, by type, 1980–2017 ......................................................... 7439—Hardwood plywood imports, by country or region of origin, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................ 7540—Veneer imports and exports, by species, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................................................ 7641—Hardwood veneer imports, by country or region of origin, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................... 7742—Producer price indexes for plywood, 1965–2017 ..................................................................................................................................... 78Paper, Board, and Wood Pulp Production, Trade, Consumption, and Prices43—Paper and board production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 ......................................................................................... 7944—Paper shipments, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................... 8045—Paperboard production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................. 8146—Paper and board production and fibrous materials consumed in the manufacture of paper and board, 1965–2017 ................................ 8247—Paper and board new supply, and recyclable paper consumption, exports, imports, and total recovered, 1965–2017 ............................ 8348—Recovered paper consumption, by major grade, in paper and paperboard manufacture, 1970–2017 ...................................................... 8449—Wood pulp production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................. 8550—Pulpwood consumed in the manufacture of wood pulp, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................ 8651—Producer price indexes for paper, board, and wood pulp, 1965–2017 ...................................................................................................... 8752—Producer price indexes for wastepaper, by grade, 1965–2017.................................................................................................................. 88Particleboard, Hardboard, and Insulating Board Production, Trade, Consumption, and Prices53—Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 .......................................... 8954—Insulating board production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 (square feet) .................................................................... 9055—Insulating board production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 (tons) .............................................................................. 9156—Hardboard production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 .................................................................................................. 9257—Producer price indexes for hardboard and particleboard, 1965–2017 ...................................................................................................... 93 58—Production of treated wood products by type of treatment, treatment plant, and product, 1984–2017 .................................................... 9459—Forest chemical products production in gallons and short tons, 1965–2017 ............................................................................................ 95Wood Energy Use60—Wood energy use in the United States, 1973–2017................................................................................................................................... 96


Figure 1. Housing starts by type of unit, 1965–2017.

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Single familyTotal units MultifamilyGeneral Economic TrendsThe U.S. economy continues to remain very robust. For the full year of 2017, U.S. real gross domestic product (GDP) growth remained at 2.3%. The real value of goods and services produced in the economy, as measured by GDP adjusted for changes in prices (real GDP), has now grown in each of the past 8 years since 2009. Employment continued to expand in 2017 as the unemployment rate, which has been declining since 2010, fell to a 9 year low in 2017 of 4.4%. Economic activity, as measured by the GDP, rose at an annual rate of 2.3% in 2017 to $17,092 billion (2009 dollars). This was up from $16,716 billion (2009 dollars) during 2016. U.S. economic activity as measured by the GDP in all likelihood will become stronger because of the relatively low growth of hourly earnings, which indicates there remains some room in the U.S. job market to support growth. Although job growth has been edging very gradually downward, it remains at a healthy level, showing ongoing positive momentum in the economy. The total count for employees in the civilian labor force has increased gradually during the last 9 years to 153 million in 2017, a record high. Expectations are for the U.S. economy to continue on this healthy track for the short term. Investment in new residential construction has increased annually since 2011, increasing by 90% to $953 billion in 2017 (U.S. Council of Economic Advisors 2018, p. 19). Because residential construction fell to a record low during the great recession combined with the vast amount of overbuilding of houses during the years leading up to the crisis, the strong investment in residential construction (1.2 million units in 2017) still leaves housing starts well below record level of 2.1 million units established in 2005. One of the leading contributors to economic growth in 2017 was the household sector. In the household or home ownership sector, credit conditions continued to improve as consumer credit outstanding reached 3.8 trillion dollars in 2017, a record high. Purchases of durable goods also rose at a robust pace reaching 1.7 trillion dollars in 2017, another record high. In the business sector, investment in equipment and software posted solid gains in 2017 and global demand for U.S. goods and services was strong. The growth in U.S. exports supported job gains in 2017 as well as the continued expansion of manufacturing output. Conditions in residential real estate markets continued to improve in 2017, with a modest increase toward the end of the year and continued strengthening in demand for new housing.

Pending tariffs on United States exports could result in a downturn in the global economy.

New housing construction, which accounts for more than a third of the U.S. annual consumption of softwood lumber and structural panels and for substantial volumes of other softwood and hardwood products, continued to grow during 2017 (Tables 1 and 2; Fig. 1). Starts of single-family units accounted for the increase; multifamily housing starts decreased during 2017. Single-family housing starts have almost doubled since 2011, increasing drastically by 97.0%. Multifamily housing starts have also increased drastically by 99.0% in that time frame. Housing starts for 2017 were 1.2 million units as sales of new houses grew in 2017 to 616,000 units. Housing starts increased in 2017 but remain well below the historical high in 2005. The new home ownership rate reached 69% in 2004 equaling the all-time high but has since fallen to 60.0% in 2017. Builder’s expectations for housing starts in 2017 remained upbeat and were realized because mortgage rates remained at historically low levels. Historically, repair and remodeling was an important determinant and driver of wood product demand. In 2017, both remained well below the historical high set in 2005 for housing starts and 2006 for residential improvements but both have continued a solid growth path during the last 5 years. The National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) Remodeling Market Index (RMI) remained above the expansion threshold, posting a reading of 60 in the fourth quarter of 2017, with home maintenance and repair at 61. The RMI has held at or above the expansion threshold of 50 for five consecutive years, with this being the second time since 2014 the index has reached 60. Although sales of new homes remained below historical levels in 2017, the 616 thousand units sold in 2017 was


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Figure 2. Economic activity in major industrial timber markets.

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the highest level of new homes sold since 2011. Existing home sales were up slightly in 2017 reaching 5,536,000, which was up 29.0% from 2011. This shows that in 2017, the housing industry continued to improve as the state of the U.S. economy continued to improve.

Shipments of manufactured housing increased during 2017 to 94,000 units, which was 13,000 units above the 2016 shipments level.

The value of private construction put in place rose to $953.0 billion (current dollars) in 2017, increasing about $54.1 billion from 1 year ago. Residential value was $516 billion, which contained $165 billion in residential improvements. Gross private domestic investment increased in 2017 for both nonresidential and residential housing units. Spending on new single and multifamily residential structures was $598 billion (2009 dollars) in 2017 compared with $470.4 billion for nonresidential structures.

Industrial production, an important demand determinant for pallet lumber, containerboard, and some grades of paper, increased 1.8% in 2017, compared with 2016 (Table 1; Fig. 2). Output of the furniture and fixtures industry, a major market for hardwood lumber, plywood, veneer, particleboard, and hardboard, was flat in 2017. Future increases are likely because of continued growth in the U.S. housing industry. But despite the optimism, the strong U.S. dollar continues to work against the U.S. domestic furniture industry. The industrial production index for paper and products decreased, whereas the manufacturing sector index increased slightly.

Timber Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionTotal roundwood production increased to 15.9 billion ft3 in 2017, up from the 15.5 billion ft3 of production from a year earlier (Fig. 3). This marks the eighth straight year of increased production after four straight years of decreased roundwood production since 2005, when roundwood production was 16.0 billion ft3. Roundwood has generally been on the decline since the mid1990s. The high point for roundwood harvest was 1991 when total roundwood production was 18.8 billion ft3.

Lumber and engineered wood products sectors were significant contributors to current wood products production and consumption because both sectors continued to increase production in 2017. The production of sawlogs used in the domestic manufacture of lumber increased in 2017 to 6.3 billion ft3, which was the seventh consecutive year of increased sawlog production. The 6.3 billion ft3 was down 17.5% from the peak year of 2005, when 7.7 billion ft3 of sawlogs were produced, but was above sawlog production of the previous year by 3.2%. This represents about 41% of total industrial roundwood production in 2017. Softwood lumber production represented about 47% of softwood


3

Figure 3. Production and consumption of timber products.

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roundwood harvest, and hardwood lumber made up 29% of hardwood roundwood harvest in 2017. Pulpwood, which composes about 35% of total industrial roundwood, decreased slightly from a year earlier. Although roundwood pulpwood production has consistently fallen since the late 1990s, the pulpwood share of industrial roundwood production has remained fairly constant. During that time, roundwood used to produce lumber has been volatile (Table 5a).

Lumber Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionProductionAn estimated 42.2 billion board feet (bf) of lumber (softwoods plus hardwoods) was produced in the United States in 2017 (Table 28). Since 1965, lumber production has generally trended upward, except for periods of economic slowdown such as the mid1970s, early 1980s, and


4

Figure 4. U.S. lumber production by wood type, 1965–2017.

Figure 5. U.S. lumber production by region, 1965–2017.

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more recently 2006 to 2010. Many western mills dependent on federal timber were forced to dramatically decrease production or close entirely. This resulted in an overall decline in lumber production, shifts in production to other regions, and increased levels of foreign imports. These declining trends have reversed since 2011 as annual lumber production continues to increase.

Softwood lumber production in 2017 was 33.9 billion bf (Table 28; Fig. 4), 80% of total lumber production. Hardwood lumber production was about 8.3 billion bf. The overall decline in lumber production since 2005 that was almost entirely at the expense of softwood lumber was reversed in 2011 with a trend starting of seven consecutive years of increased production. Softwood lumber production from 2000 to 2005 generally trended toward record production levels, peaking at 39.8 billion bf in 2005 before declining quite severely after 2005 to production levels not seen since the 1950s. But, these numbers have since rebounded. Hardwood lumber production has generally trended downward from the high production levels of the late 1990s before bottoming out in 2010 then experiencing flat production during more recent years.

In 2017, the South was the largest lumber-producing region in the United States at 21.5 billion bf (Table 29; Fig. 5). The West was the second largest region at 14.4 billion bf, followed by the North at 6.4 billion bf.

The West, although the second largest overall producing region, had traditionally been the largest softwood lumber producing region, with nearly 98% (14.1 billion bf) of its total production being softwood species. However, in 2017, softwood lumber production in the South was about 85% of its total production, exceeding the total softwood volume of the West. The North produced 1.6 billion bf softwood lumber in 2017.

Until the 1990s, the West had been the largest lumber-producing region in the United States. From 1966 until 1975, for example, more than half (55%) of all lumber produced in the United States came from the West. Much of this production came from old-growth timber on federally owned lands in the Pacific Coast region (Washington, Oregon, and California). Since the early 1980s, the proportion of lumber coming from the West has slowly decreased to just under half, because of declining levels of timber from public lands and increasing levels of production in the South. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, large areas of federally owned land in the West were removed from harvest. This removal further decreased western harvest. In 1990, the South became the nation’s largest lumber-producing region, accounting for 35% of all softwood lumber and 80% of all hardwoods. During the late 1990s, softwood lumber production in the South and West increased. Between 2000 and 2005, softwood lumber production continued to increase in the South and moderated in the West. During this time period, the West ceased being the leading softwood lumber producing region. Even with the overall decline in lumber production in all regions since 2005, the South still maintains its position as the leading softwood lumber producing region.

Total lumber production in the North remained fairly steady from 1965 through the early 1990s at about 4.5 billion bf per year (Table 29; Fig. 5). It then increased rapidly to 8.8 billion bf in 1999. Nearly all of this increase was in hardwood lumber production. However, hardwood lumber production started to decline in 2000 brought on by the decline in the U.S. furniture manufacturing industry, which resulted from increased Chinese and other Asian imports. Also during this time, the shift in fashion trends away from red oak continued. During the past several years, hardwood lumber production has stabilized with a flat production trend even though the state of the U.S. economy is strong coupled with an upturn in the forest products sector.

Imports and ExportsIn 2017, lumber imports to the United States from all countries totaled 16.1 billion bf, down slightly from the previous year (Tables 28 and 31). Also in 2017, exports from the United States to all countries totaled 3.6 billion bf (Tables 28 and 32). The difference, 12.5 billion bf, was net foreign trade and represented lumber consumption in the United States in excess of that which was produced domestically. Net foreign trade represented one-fourth


5

(24%) of total domestic lumber consumption in 2017. Except for periods of low overall U.S. demand, including the most recent economic downtown, lumber imports to the United States have grown steadily since 1965. Nearly all of the growth was in softwood lumber imports. In 1965, softwood lumber imports totaled 4.9 billion bf. By 2005, softwood lumber imports were 24.7 billion bf, an increase of 19.8 billion bf. In contrast, hardwood lumber imports were 0.3 billion bf in 1965 and 1.1 billion bf in 2005. However, one major exception to this trend was the weakening of economic conditions in the United States between 2008 and 2011, which caused a dramatic reversal in lumber imports. Softwood lumber imports dropped about 64% from 24.7 billion bf in 2005 to 8.9 billion bf in 2009, while hardwood lumber imports dropped from 1.1 billion bf in 2005 to 0.4 billion bf in 2013. Since 2011, new home construction, the historical driver of softwood lumber consumption as a percentage of total lumber use, has been on a slow and steady comeback from the depths of the great recession, and the trend line for the sector is expected to overtake repair and remodeling in the next few years. Lumber consumption in the repair and remodeling sector has outpaced new home construction for eleven consecutive years.

Canada has always been the principal source of lumber imported into the United States (Table 31). In 2013, 94% of all lumber imports were from Canada. Canada is the principal source of both softwood lumber and hardwood lumber imports to the United States. In 2017, nearly 91% of all softwood lumber and 46% of all hardwood lumber imported to the United States were from Canada. The percentage of softwood lumber from nonCanadian sources has generally been increasing in recent years (since 2012). Hardwood imports from Canada as a percentage of total hardwood imports fell fairly steadily from 1950 through the 1970s and again since 2006. Overall, the United States imported nearly 50% of Canadian lumber production in 2017.

Lumber exports grew fairly steadily from 1965 through 1991, reaching a record high of nearly 4.6 billion bf in 1990 (Tables 28 and 32). Since 1990, lumber exports fell to a minimum of 1.8 billion bf in 2009 and have since increased to 2.6 billion bf in 2017. Numerous factors contributed to the decline in lumber exports during the last 30 years. Some of these were decreased softwood sawtimber supplies, particularly from the Pacific Coast, changing economic conditions in the major importing countries, strength of the U.S. dollar in relation to other world currencies, increased levels of exports from other major timber-producing countries, and the 2008 economic weakening in the United States. During the mid1980s and early 1990s, Japan was by far the largest single market for U.S. exported lumber. In 1989, Japan purchased 1.6 billion bf of lumber (Table 32). Since then, exports to Japan have fallen to just one-tenth of their previous level. China is currently the largest

single market for exported lumber, followed closely by Mexico and Canada, which accounted for 19% and 15%, respectively, of all exports.

More than half (62%) of total lumber exports in 1996 were softwood species, 1.8 billion bf (Table 32). In the late 1960s and early 1970s, softwood lumber accounted for about 85% of total lumber exports. Since then, softwood lumber’s share of total lumber exports has fallen steadily from around 78% in the 1980s to 41% in 2005. Since 2005, however, as a percentage of total lumber exports, softwood lumber exports experienced an increasing trend and then a decreasing trend and currently sit at 67%. This appears to have been caused by a substantial increase in recent hardwood exports. The most important softwood lumber export markets in 2017 were China, which accounted for about 21% of total softwood lumber exports, Mexico at 19.4%, and Canada at 18.6%. All other countries accounted for the remaining exports. China and Mexico were the two largest markets for exported hardwood lumber from the United States in 2017. China is the fastest growing market for hardwood lumber.

ConsumptionLumber consumption in the United States in 2017 for all uses totaled 54.7 billion bf, an increase of 17.0 billion bf since 2009, which was the low point of the great recession. Lumber consumption since 2009 has increased in each of the last 8 years. Lumber consumption peaked at 74.5 billion bf in 2005 (Table 28), which was a record high that even exceeded levels in the early 1900s when lumber was the most important raw material used in the United States for construction, manufactured products, and shipping.

Per capita consumption in 2017 was 168 bf, a large departure from the record high of 251 bf in 2005 (Table 28). The decline in per capita consumption continued as a result of the decline in wood products markets until 2011 when per capita consumption increased to 128, the first increase since 2005. This level of consumption is still dramatically below that of the early 1900s when consumption exceeded 500 bf per person.

Overall, about 69.0% of the softwood lumber consumed in 2017 was used for housing, with 30.0% used for the construction of new units and 39.0% of consumption for the upkeep and improvement of existing units. New nonresidential construction accounted for about 11.1%. Lumber consumption used for shipping (pallets, containers, and dunnage) accounted for 13.8%. The remaining 6.1% was for all other uses. The “all other” category includes an unknown amount of lumber used for other construction purposes such as nonresidential upkeep and improvements (WWPA 2018).

In 2017, 47.9 billion bf of the 54.7 billion bf of lumber consumed in the United States was softwood species, or about 87.6% (Table 28; Fig.6). Slight annual variations


6

Figure 6. Lumber production and consumption by wood type, 1965–2017.

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in the percentage of softwood and hardwood lumber used are common and are a result of differing levels of activity in the various end use markets and variations in species consumption among them. About 98% of the domestic lumber production used in new housing in 2017 was estimated to have been softwood species. The increase in percentage of softwood lumber used in housing was largely caused by a decline in hardwood flooring and rapid increase in house size that occurred in the 1990s, which required larger amounts of softwood dimension lumber for framing. Increased use of engineered wood products in recent years, substituting for dimension lumber in both residential and nonresidential construction, has tended to decrease the softwood percentage. Even with the variations caused by differences in end use markets, softwood lumber consumption as a percentage of total lumber consumption has remained around 86% since the 1960s.

PricesOverall, softwood lumber prices rebounded in 2017, exceeding the record high set during 2004. The actual producer price index for softwood lumber was 158.1 in 2017 (2009 = 100), up from 148.4 in 2004 (Table 35; Fig. 7). Historically, the producer price index for softwood lumber rose rapidly between 1965 and 1979, from 20.4 to 83.5. This represented an average increase of about 10.0% per year. During the early years of the 1980s, a mild recession depressed lumber prices. It wasn’t until late in the decade that prices again reached record levels. On average, lumber prices increased just 2.0% per year during the 1980s. The price index again began to move upward in the early 1990s caused in part by the effect on the sawmill industry from timber harvest reductions in the West. Since 1994, the softwood lumber producer price index has fluctuated from a relative high of 140.1 in 1994 to a low of 100 in 2009 and then to 158.1 in 2017. Overall, the softwood lumber producer price index increased at a rate of about 5.0% per year between 1965 and 1999, then increased approximately 1.3% per year from 1999 to 2005, then decreased at a rate of 0.5% per year between 2005 and 2017. There are a number

of reasons why lumber prices have risen, including a rail car shortage in Canada, but the primary factor is the 21% effective tariff rate placed on Canadian softwood lumber.

Hardwood lumber prices, as measured by the hardwood lumber producer price index, have historically been much less volatile than softwood lumber. In 2017, the producer price index for hardwood lumber was 128.4, which was 12.9 points below the record high established in 2014 (Table 35; Fig. 8). Historically, hardwood lumber prices have increased at a rate of about 3.6% per year.

The relative producer price index for a given commodity measures the change in its price relative to all other commodities and is calculated by dividing its producer price index by that for all commodities. If the relative price index is less than 100, then the given commodity is relatively less expensive than other commodities. If it is greater than 100, then it is relatively more expensive.

In 2017, the relative price of softwood lumber compared with its 2009 price was 158.1, up 9.7 points from 2004 (Table 35; Fig. 7). Since 1965, relative softwood lumber prices ranged from a low of 20.4 to a high of 158.1 in 2017. The relative hardwood lumber price index in 2017 was 128.4, down from 141.3 in 2014 (Table 35; Fig. 8). Long-term hardwood price indexes have been more stable than those for softwood lumber, ranging from a low of 21.7 in 1965 to a high of 141.3 in 2004.

Engineered wood products such as glulam, I-joists, and laminated veneer lumber (LVL) are forecast to increase steadily. Glulam production during 2017 was 271.3 million bf, up 5.6% from the previous year but down from the record high of 491 million bf in 2005 (Table 34; Fig. 9). A little more than one-half of U.S. glulam goes to new residential construction and remodeling uses. Nonresidential construction consumes the next largest proportion of glulam production.

During 2017, LVL production was 73 million ft3, which was up 12.3% from one year earlier but down from the 2005 record high of 91 million ft3, while I-joist production was 518.0 million linear feet, up 7.5% from the previous year but down from the record high of 1,282 million linear feet in 2004. The volume of LVL production used for I-joist flanges has kept pace with I-joist production in recent years. In 2017, 90% of all I-joists were used in new residential construction. Approximately 3% were used in remodeling and 7% in nonresidential construction. A small volume of I-joists was exported to Japan.

New hybrid products such as wood or natural fiber–plastic composites continue to come on the market and now compete directly with traditional wood products. These new products are being used for decking, siding, roofing, and millwork. Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is another new engineered product with the possibility of hybrid uses. CLT consists of layers of dimension lumber (typically


7

Figure 7. Price indexes for softwood lumber, 1965–2017.Figure 10. Pulpwood production by wood type, 1965–2017.

Figure 8. Price indexes for hardwood lumber, 1965–2017.

Figure 9. Production of glulam, I-joists, and laminated veneer lumber, 1965–2017.

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three, five, or seven) oriented at right angles to one another and then glued to form structural panels with exceptional strength, dimensional stability, and rigidity. Also trending are the hybrid uses of CLT and concrete, referred to as CLT composite concrete. Growing interest in CLT among construction professionals should encourage the expanded use of CLT panels. Production data for these new products are not available yet.

Wood Pulp and Pulpwood Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionTotal wood pulp production in U.S. mills in 2017 is estimated to be about 52.7 million tons based on data published by the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA) (Table 49). This is the same as the level from the previous year but 21.5% below the previous high produced in 1995. Most U.S. paper companies have experienced poor financial returns for nearly a decade. With the exception of a short-lived boom in 1995, the 1990s were a decade of low profitability, and the 2000s were the decade of consolidations and plant closures. Plagued by overcapacity and low commodity prices, the industry failed to earn its cost of capital throughout most of the 1990s. The negative growth during 2001 and 2002 was the first time that capacity had ever declined for two consecutive years during the 40 years that AF&PA has been compiling capacity data. Extending the downward trend that began in 2001, U.S. paper and paperboard capacity declined 0.8% in 2005 to 99.3 million tons. Paper and paperboard capacity declined 4.4% between 2000 and 2005. The AF&PA’s 58th annual capacity survey (AF&PA 2018a) revealed that paper and paperboard capacity in the United States declined 0.3% in 2017 to a level of 84.3 million short tons after declining 1.6% in 2016 and 0.3% in 2015.

On the basis of these volumes, related data on pulpwood production published by the AF&PA, which includes both roundwood and chips, shows an estimated 90.9 million cords in 2017, about 1.2% below production levels of the previous year (Table 24; Fig. 10). This volume is about 9.7% below 2007 levels and below the record high level established in 1994. Pulpwood production has seen its fair share of ups and downs during the past decade. There was a downward trend that began in 2008 and continued into 2017, but it was interrupted by a brief increase in production between 2010 and 2012 before resuming the downward trend. This lengthy decline in pulpwood production


8

Figure 11. Pulpwood production in the U.S. South, 1965–2017. Figure 12. Pulpwood production in the U.S. West, 1965–2017.

Figure 13. Pulpwood production in the U.S. North, 1965–2017.

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coincided with the decline in wood pulp production. Mill shutdowns had a strong impact with nearly 10 million tons of paper and paperboard capacity removed between 2000 and 2010. The decline continued into 2017 with production falling to 83 million tons. The slowdown in pulpwood production reversed in 2003 with the industry experiencing its second straight year of increased pulpwood production in 2004 (Table 24). Since 2004, however, pulpwood production entered a period of volatility with an up and down production trend, but mostly down, that continued into 2017. Softwood roundwood and chip production in 2017 was 68 million cords, down 1.3% from 2016 (Table 25). In 2017, all three of the major producing regions showed slight decreases in output. In the West, production of softwood in 2017 was at 4.8 million cords. Softwood output in the North held steady at 7.0 million cords. Southern softwood roundwood production was relatively unchanged in 2017 at 56.2 million cords. About 75% of U.S. softwood roundwood pulpwood produced came from southern forests.

Output of hardwood roundwood and chips in 2017 was 22.9 million cords, relatively unchanged from the previous year. Although the output of hardwood pulpwood and chips has gradually declined during the previous 4 years, the proportion of total round pulpwood and chips from hardwood species has also slowly decreased. This continued the downward trend that started in 1994 and continued into 2017. Through the 1960s and early 1970s, hardwoods became an increasingly important source of round pulpwood, a reflection of changes in pulping technology, the types of pulp produced, and the relative price of different species. In 2017, hardwood pulpwood comprised 25% of total U.S. pulpwood production. This was unchanged from 25% of pulpwood production the previous year. Further erosion in pulpwood demand is likely as capacity to produce paper and paperboard continues a downward trend that began in 2001 caused by continued increased demand for electronic media.

AF&PA data on pulpwood consumption in wood pulp production indicate that pulpwood production in the South in 2017 was 72.7 million cords, down from the

high production year in 2004 when 80.2 million cords of pulpwood was produced (Table 25; Fig. 11).

The South has accounted for more than 65% of total U.S. pulpwood production in the past 30 years. In 2017, the South accounted for 80%. All of the 14 states in the South have contributed to the previously mentioned decline in pulpwood production. However, this decrease has been greatest in Georgia and Alabama, which together accounted for a third of the pulpwood output in this region. This is consistent with the location of the industry within the area. Of the total number of pulp mills in the South, some 30% are located in Alabama and Georgia.

About 77% of the 72.7 million cords of round pulpwood harvested in the South in 2017 was softwood. This proportion has been gradually increasing during the two decades prior to 2017, and the trend continued into 2017. Southern softwood roundwood output increased in 2004 and has been fairly consistent since then, while hardwoods have slowly declined. Between 2004 and 2017, for example, hardwood roundwood production declined by an average of 0.05 million cords per year while softwood roundwood decreased on average by less than 0.1 million cords per year since 2003.

Receipts of domestically produced pulpwood in the West leveled off after declining throughout the 1990s but began to decline again after 2005. Softwood production in the West


9

Figure 14. Total pulpwood production and consumption, 1965–2017.

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has gradually fallen since 1988. Softwood production was 5.0 million cords in 2013, below 2004 levels of 5.4 million cords and down from 17.4 million cords of production in 1988 (Table 25; Fig. 12). Chips accounted for roughly the same percentage of pulpwood production in 2013 as it did in 2005, declining slightly during the last 3 years. Of the total production of pulpwood, roundwood, and chips, 73% was from softwood species. Production of hardwood roundwood has also held steady during the last 3 years.

Data on domestically produced mill receipts indicate that pulpwood production in the North, roundwood plus chips, was 12.1 million cords in 2017, below the 14.6 million cords that were produced in 2006 (Table 25; Fig. 13). About 42% of the total was from hardwood species, 5% below the proportion in 2006. About 72% of the total pulpwood output in the North was from roundwood, about equal to the proportion for the South in 2013. The use of chip residues in the North has been declining steadily as in other U.S. regions.

Stumpage prices began to rebound in lower Louisiana and other areas in the South as the recovery from the economic downturn that began in 2008 continued (RISI 2017). Also, the increase in prices reflected the contraction in both U.S. softwood and hardwood demand as more than a quarter of the country’s 186 pulp mills shut down after 1996. With stronger demand present in the market, pulpwood stumpage prices during 2017 moved higher than in 2005. Pine and hardwood pulpwood prices peaked in the South, the nation’s largest fiber market, during 1998 when the stumpage price for Louisiana pine was $37 per cord (2009 dollars) before falling to $23 per cord in 2017 (Table 26). Delivered pulpwood price for Southern Pine was $19 per cord in 2017, well below the record high in 1998 (Table 27).

Pulpwood prices vary a great deal among species and regions. In general, prices were historically highest for softwoods, especially the long fiber northern species such as spruce and fir. In some areas in response to changes in pulping technology and pulpwood availability and quality, the relationship between hardwood and softwood prices has changed. For example, in Louisiana, the softwood pulpwood price per cord stayed at a higher level than hardwoods during the 1990s for every year other than 1995 when the price of hardwood pulpwood exceeded the softwood price. Since 2001, the hardwood pulpwood price in Louisiana has generally exceeded that of the softwood pulpwood.

Pulpwood stumpage prices for most species followed the same trends as pulpwood prices and slowed during 1999 (Tables 26 and 27). In Louisiana, for example, Southern Pine pulpwood stumpage decreased from $28.56 (2009 dollars) in 2007 to $22.58 (2009 dollars) in 2017. In contrast to softwoods, Louisiana hardwood stumpage prices increased from 2007 to 2010, rising 38% compared with a 17.5% increase from 2010 to 2013 for Southern Pine. Pulpwood and pulpwood stumpage prices have

been quite volatile during the last 10 years. Most of the volatility has been caused by falling capacity and industry restructuring as well as the prior recession, resulting in lowered demand. The U.S. pulp and paper industry has brought capital spending to levels well under depreciation and amortization, effectively pulling capital out of the industry. U.S. companies have also continued to consolidate their operations in response to increased global competition, reduced demand, and poor financial returns. The result has been a closing of marginal mills, further reducing the capacity base.

Apparent pulpwood consumption in U.S. mills in 2017 was an estimated 90.9 million cords (Table 24; Fig. 14). This was a decrease from the 95.0 million cords of consumption in 2012. In total, about 90.9 million cords of pulpwood domestic production plus net imports were required to meet the relatively flat demand for paper, paperboard, and pulp products in 2017. Wood requirements for exports amounted to an additional 0.06 million cords.

Plywood and Veneer Log Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionSoftwood plywood production in 2017 was estimated at 9.0 billion square feet (3/8-in. basis) based on data published by APA – The Engineered Wood Association (Table 37; Figs. 15 and 16). This is slightly above production of the previous year. The rise in production during 2017 was the second consecutive year of production increases. This was the result of the wood-using sector continuing to recover from the weakened state caused by the housing recession that began in 2008. OSB continued to increase its share of the market once dominated by plywood. For example, between 1994 and 2017, softwood plywood production declined by 54%.

Historically, production of softwood plywood was concentrated in the West, chiefly in the Pacific Coast states of Washington, Oregon, and California. However, these three states during 2017 accounted for 29% of


10

Figure 16. Softwood plywood production and consumption, 1965–2017.

Figure 15. Total plywood production and consumption, 1965–2017.

Figure 17. Hardwood plywood production and consumption, 1965–2017.

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plywood production. In the years since the first plywood plant began production in the South, production in that region grew to 65% of plywood production before falling to 62% of production in 2017. For example, during the 10 years from 2007 to 2017, production in the South has increased to 5.6 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) while falling to 2.6 million ft2 in the West. Although the volume produced was down somewhat during the last 3 years in the South, the percentage of total U.S. production from southern plants continued to increase.

About two-thirds of the softwood plywood manufactured in 2017 was from Southern Pine.

In 2017, hardwood plywood production was similar to the previous year at an estimated 1.8 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) (Table 37; Fig. 17). This volume was the highest since 2007, which continues the recent trend of small annual increases during the previous 3 years. Weak demand from the furniture, cabinetry, and fixtures sector was the main factor fueling the percentage decline in production from 2007. Stock hardwood plywood accounts for slightly more than half of all the hardwood plywood produced. Of this amount, eastern producers, with their proximity to the hardwood forest resource, produce 60% of hardwood plywood, while western producers account for 38% of production, with the Great Lakes Region making up the remainder.

Hardwood plywood producers use a wide range of species for the face veneers of their products. Red oak remains the most popular species at 35% of the market, followed by birch at 29%, and maple at 17%. The cores used in the hardwood plywood industry vary from veneer plies at 63% of the market to MDF cores at 16%. The use of MDF and particleboard cores has increased steadily since 1991.

Softwood plywood prices as measured by the actual producer price index increased in 2017 up from a brief downturn of the previous year. This continued the trend of price increases after declining since the historical high was reached in 2004 of 146.0 (Table 42; Fig. 18). The relative softwood plywood price index in 2017 was 119.4 (Table 42; Fig. 19). This was above the level of the previous year.

Hardwood plywood prices trended slowly upward from 1999 until 2004 when they dropped. Then they began a period of stability, which was below the 2004 level, and this stable trend has continued into 2013 (Table 42; Figs. 18 and 19). Since 2013, the trend has been a small increasing one. The actual hardwood plywood price as indicated by the actual producer price index for 2017 was 111.3 (2009 = 100), which was below the 130.4 level registered in 2004 but slightly above the previous year levels. The relative index registered a slight decrease for 2017 diverging with the increase in the actual producer price index.

Imports of softwood plywood, about 2.0 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) in 2017, increased 43% from the prevoius year (Table 37). Imports of softwood plywood were small relative to overall U.S. plywood consumption. Exports of softwood plywood were estimated at about 656 million ft2 in 2017, which was 7.0% above exports in 2016. After increasing since 2006, softwood plywood exports amounted to 7.0% of softwood plywood production in 2017.

Hardwood plywood imports in 2017 were 3.3 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis), 5.8% below the previous year. The 4.6 billion ft2 level in 2004 was the highest level of imports since 1987 when 3.8 billion ft2 were imported. The 5-year downward trend ended in 2009, and slow recovery in


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Figure 18. Actual producer price indexes for plywood, 1965–2017.

Figure 20. Softwood plywood and oriented strandboard (OSB) consumption, 1980–2017.

Figure 19. Relative producer price indexes for plywood, 1965–2017.

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hardwood plywood imports echoed the trend observed in softwood plywood imports.

Softwood veneer imports were an estimated 2.2 billion ft2 surface measure in 2017 (Table 40). This was a 17.1% increase from the volume of imports compared with the previous year, composing about 71% of total veneer imports. Softwood veneer exports increased to 241.7 million ft2 surface measure in 2017. This was an increase of 50% compared with the previous year.

This trend changed during the past decade, with China and the Russian Federation becoming major sources of hardwood plywood imports. Asia is still the largest source of U.S. hardwood plywood imports, accounting for 67% of all hardwood plywood imported to the United States in 2017 (Table 39). Since 2003, China has become the largest single country source of U.S. hardwood plywood imports with 45% of total U.S. imports and 67% of all Asian imports to the United States.

Imports of hardwood veneer, used chiefly in the manufacture of hardwood plywood in U.S. mills, totaled 895.3 million ft2 (surface measure) in 2017 (Table 40). This was 4.2% above 2016 and 68.0% below the peak import year of 1972. Since 1995, imports of hardwood veneer fluctuated each year through 2017. Hardwood plywood exports in 2017 totaled 203 million ft2 (3/8-in. basis)

(Table 37). This was 26% above 2016 levels of hardwood plywood exports. The increase in exports represents a slight increase in demand from the Russian and Chinese markets. Canada, China, Indonesia, and the Russian Federation are the top four markets, representing nearly 79.0% of U.S. exports of these products (Table 40). Hardwood veneer exports were an estimated 2.0 billion ft2 (surface measure) in 2017, slightly below 2016.

Consumption of softwood plywood in 2017 was an estimated 10.3 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) (Table 37; Fig. 20). This was 53% below the record consumption in 1987 of 22.2 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) and represented the third consecutive year that softwood plywood consumption increased since a peak. The rise in consumption in 2017 occurred as OSB continued to erode softwood plywood market share. Since 1992 when OSB was certified to perform as well as softwood plywood, OSB has been rapidly eroding the market share of softwood plywood. This certification allowed OSB to compete directly for the same markets while offering the consumer a lower cost product. However, certain applications are still dominated by softwood plywood, such as underlayment for floors.

In the United States, there are 48 plywood-producing mills and 37 OSB mills (APA – The Engineered Wood Association 2018b). Nearly 62% of all grades of softwood plywood are produced in the South. The West, the traditional producer of softwood plywood, especially Douglas Fir plywood, is slowly adapting to serving niche markets because of the decreased timber supply from public lands.

Although OSB has increased its share in the plywood market previously dominated by softwood, a strengthening residential construction market can explain some of the consumption increases for softwood plywood during the previous 3 years and into 2017. Also important are nonresidential construction, manufacturing, maintenance, repair, and remodeling. The large proportion of single-family houses, which use more plywood per unit than


12

Figure 21. Particleboard production and consumption, 1965–2017.

Figure 22. Hardboard production and consumption, 1965–2017.

multifamily structures, also contributed to the overall increase. These factors suggest that future changes in demand for softwood plywood will probably be closely related to changes in the volumes of residential construction and OSB production.

Apparent consumption of hardwood plywood fell 7.0% in 2017 to an estimated 4.9 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) (Table 37; Fig. 16). This was 256 million ft2 less than in 2016 and represented the second consecutive year of a declining trend since 2015. The decrease in hardwood plywood consumption in 2017, which coincided with an increase in production, in part reflected the stronger U.S. export market, an important market for hardwood plywood for wall paneling, kitchen cabinets, and door skins. Mobile home output also increased in 2017, contributing to the increase in production.

In 2017, 68% of the hardwood plywood consumed in the United States was supplied by imports (Table 37). This has been the trend for the last 15 years and into 2017 as hardwood plywood imports consistently account for at least 60% of hardwood plywood consumption.

Total softwood log exports remained relatively unchanged during 2017 from the previous year (Table 18). Softwood log exports from the western United States continued to decline as Douglas Fir log exports fell 3.9% in 2017 compared with 2016, well below the record high level in 1988. China continued as the largest importer of logs from the United States in 2017, receiving 54% of U.S. softwood log exports. Canada was a close second, importing 20.4% from the United States, with Japan being a close third (Table 19). During 2017, log imports from Canada increased as Canada remained the principal exporter of softwood logs to the United States. Softwood log imports historically accounted for more than 85% of all log imports but fell to 45% of imports in 2017 (Table 16). In 2017, softwood log imports to the United States fell 12.4%.

Particleboard, Hardboard, and Insulation Board Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionAccording to estimates of the Composite Panel Association, production of particleboard in 2017 totaled 2.3 billion ft2 (3/4-in. basis), unchanged from the previous year and more than 50% below the peak year in 1999 when 4.8 billion ft2 were produced (Table 53; Fig. 21). Particleboard is a generic term for a panel primarily composed of cellulose materials (usually wood), generally in the form of discrete pieces or particles. The cellulose materials are combined with a synthetic resin or another bonding system. Because of its uniformity, flatness, and dimensional stability, particleboard is used primarily for floor underlayment, kitchen counter underlayment, furniture components, and cabinet components.

Foreign trade in particleboard was insignificant before the mid1960s and very small through the early 1970s; however, both imports and exports experienced a period of growth during the 1980s and 1990s and have now achieved historical levels. In 2017, exports decreased by 11.2% to an estimated 398 million ft2 (3/4-in. basis). Imports of particleboard were relatively unchanged from a year ago but were more than double the 2009 import level.

Apparent consumption of particleboard slightly decreased less than 1.0% during 2017 compared with 2016 and had been exhibiting an increasing trend since 2010 until 2016 and 2017.

Production of MDF in 2017 was 1.7 billion ft2 (3/4-in. basis). This is up slightly from the 1.4 billion ft2 of production in 2010 but 10.3% below record high in 2007. The major market for MDF at the present time is furniture and cabinetry applications because of its smoothness, dimensional stability, paintability, and the sharp lines that are left after a decorative cut is made on the panel.

Hardboard production in 2017 was estimated to be 2.7 billion ft2 (1/8-in. basis) (Table 56; Fig. 22). This was unchanged from the previous year and well below the high in 1978. Hardboard production has been trending downward since 1978 when it was 7.8 billion ft2.

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Figure 23. Insulation board production and consumption, 1965–2017.

Figure 24. Wood energy use in the United States, 1973–2017.

Imports of hardboard in 2017 amounted to 928 million ft2, well below 2006 and continuing the downward trend of hardboard imports that started in 2007. Previous to 2007, hardboard imports had trended upward since 1993. Imports accounted for 57% of total U.S. hardboard consumption in 2008. Exports of hardboard, after a short-lived growth period between 2004 and 2006, declined further until 2016 with an increase in 2017. Exports of hardboard, although declining, still account for 25% of total production.

Consumption of hardboard in 2017 was 2.9 billion ft2, 52.0% below 2007. This decrease in consumption is partly a reflection of a weakened housing sector. Hardboard is used primarily in the construction industry for exterior siding in new residential construction. In 2017, about one-fourth of all hardboard consumed was for residential exterior siding.

Production of insulation board in 2017 was about 2.3 billion ft2 (1/2-in. basis) or 857,000 tons (Tables 54 and 55; Fig. 23). Imports and exports of insulation board were relatively small, amounting to 112,000 and 62,000 tons, respectively.

Production and trade of insulation board has been very flat since 1993. The long-term outlook is one of no growth. Further developments of structural grades of particleboard at competitive prices could further accelerate particleboard demand for sheathing and other construction uses. MDF should also continue to provide increasing competition for the traditional board uses.

Miscellaneous Timber Products Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionProduction of miscellaneous industrial roundwood products, which includes cooperage logs, poles and piling, fence posts, mine timbers, and an assortment of other products such as hewn ties and box bolts, was estimated at 822 million ft3 in 2017. This volume has been increasing since 2007 (Table 5a).

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In 2017, wood energy use increased slightly from the previous year. Wood energy provided 2.1 quadrillion Btu of energy out of a total 99.9 quad consumed in the United States. This was equivalent to about 8.6 billion ft3 of wood (Table 60). Sixty-nine percent was in industrial use, mostly in the form of wood residue and black liquor at pulp and paper mills. The remainder was for residential use (16%), electric utilities (12%), and commercial buildings (4%). Total wood energy use has declined about 19% from a high of 2.6 quadrillion Btu in 1983 (Fig. 24). The decline was led by declines in industrial and residential use. Electric utility use has increased fairly steadily since the early 1990s.

Production of round fuelwood in 2017 was estimated at 2.3 billion ft3, up slightly from 2016 (Table 5a). Fuelwood consumption dropped sharply in the first five decades of the past century because of the substitution of oil, gas, coal, and electricity in home cooking, heating, and industrial uses. In recent years, however, substantial markets have developed for wood pellets. Pellet fuel is a renewable, clean-burning heating alternative used in approximately 1 million homes in the United States. The estimated pellet industry capacity in 2017 was 12.0 million tons (FutureMetrics 2018).

Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable Forest ManagementThe Montreal criteria and indicators (C&I) of sustainable forest management include 7 criteria and 64 indicators that measure the diverse sets of values that society places on forest resources (Robertson and others 2011). The support and development of the C&I for the United States reflects the evolution of forest policies and priorities in forest management among the diverse stewards of U.S. forest resources. Six of the 20 indicators under Criterion 6 (maintenance and enhancement of long-term multiple socioeconomic benefits to meet the needs of societies) assess the production and consumption of forest products. A subset of four of the six production and consumption indicators parallel and complement the standard measures in this report. These indicators are as follows:

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• Value and volume of wood and wood products production, including primary and secondary processing (Indicator 25)

• Total and per capita consumption of wood and wood products in roundwood equivalents (Indicator 28)

• Value and volume in roundwood equivalents of exports and imports of wood products (Indicator 30)

• Recovery or recycling of forest products as a percentage of total forest products consumption (Indicator 33)

Measures of production, consumption, and value are important to the goals underlying sustainable forest management. These types of measures reflect the importance of forest resources in supplying raw materials for manufacturing and the value that society places on the production of wood and wood products. Strategies to achieve sustainable forest management must reflect the role of forest resources in maintaining a dynamic and strong economy as a primary component of meeting the needs of society.

Volume and Value of Wood and Wood Products ProductionThe total volume of wood products (in roundwood equivalent inputs) in the United States, including fuelwood, decreased from 18 billion ft3 in the late 1980s and early 1990s to 12.3 billion in 2009 before rebounding to 15.5 billion ft3 in 2017 (Table 5a). The amount of primary wood and paper products produced in the United States increased relatively steadily from 82 million tons in 1950 to 212 million tons in 2005 and has since then declined to 168.7 million tons in 2017 (Table 8a).

Of that production, approximately 66% and 34% were softwood and hardwood, respectively, in 2017, based on roundwood equivalent inputs (Tables 6a and 7a). Total value of shipments for wood, paper, and furniture industries, using standard industrial classification (SIC) industry codes, increased between 1973 and 1996 from $288 billion to $356 billion (2005 dollars). Between 1999 and 2009, using North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) industry codes, shipments decreased 11.6% from $327 billion to $289 billion. The decrease was caused by a 33% decline for wood products industries and a 15.3% decline for furniture industries. The value of paper industry shipments increased 10.5% between 1999 and 2008 from $72.7 to $80.3 billion before declining to $61.3 billion in 2009 and then rebounding to $78.4 billion in 2017 (Fig. 25).

The total volume of sawn wood production has decreased in proportion to other wood products, from 51% of industrial roundwood production in 1965 to 48% in 2005 before falling in 2009 to 37% and then recovering to 41% in 2017 (Table 5a). Nevertheless, the volume of sawn wood production increased by 23% during the 40-year period between 1965 and 2005; the lowest volume was

Veneer, plywood, and engineered wood products mfg 18.5%

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Figure 25. Value-added categories of wood and wood fiber products in 2017.


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Figure 27. U.S. per capita consumption of wood products, 1965–2017.

5.1 billion ft3 in 1982 and the highest volume was 7.7 billion ft3 in 2005. On average, the value of sawn wood production has continued to increase in real terms (net of inflation) although, in effect, it is still recovering from sharp declines from the great recession that started in 2008 (Fig. 26). Meanwhile, the value added by sawn wood production remained fairly stable during the 1990s at around $8 billion in real terms before increasing to $11 billion in 2004, dropping to $6.0 billion in 2008, and then rebounding to $11.7 billion in 2017. The volume of sawn wood production increased as much as 2.5 billion ft3 from the low in 1982 to the high in 2005. It then fell to a new low of 4.5 billion ft3 in 2010 and then recovered to the current level of 6.3 billion ft3 in 2017. Rising real lumber prices are important drivers in the introduction of new technologies to use more species, the use of small dimension wood, and the use of residues to make composite structural panels and engineered wood components such as OSB, I-beams, laminated beams, and truss framing.

The production of plywood and veneer has increased in recent years but remains below the high level of production during the 1980s. Other wood-based panel production has increased since 1965. Current levels of plywood production remain well below the peak level of 24.4 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) in 1987 (Table 37). The total value of plywood shipments decreased slightly to $8.8 billion in 2017 and made up roughly 21% of the total value of all wood products (U.S. Department of Commerce 2017).

Pulp and paper products provide the highest value among wood commodities produced in the United States. The downward trend in pulp and paper production reflects important linkages between decreased income and decreased demand for pulp and paper products. Paper and board products by weight increased more than 135% from 1965 to 1999 (Table 43). Although declining since the great recession, pulp and paper products production is still double the 1965 production level. The value of pulp and paper has fluctuated widely during some periods but was $83.7 billion in 2017 (U.S. Department of Commerce 2017). The decrease in pulp and paper volumes with somewhat falling values reflects advances in recycling as well as efficiency

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gains and lower production costs of foreign competitors, as well as increased use of electronic media. The largest impact to the wood products sector resulted from the economic decline and decreased activity in the U.S. housing sector.

Total and Per Capita Consumption of Wood and Wood ProductsIn addition to knowing the historical and current levels of production, we need to assess our ability to maintain, increase, or decrease levels of production in response to the changing needs of society. The rationale for this indicator is that we will know to what extent we have met and can continue to meet wood demands with our available supply. The additional information gained with this measure compared with the production and value indicators is that supply reflects all sources, domestic and international, of wood. However, no C&I variables directly measure the balance of trade in wood products; thus, potential dependence on outside sources (a possible indicator of management away from sustainable levels) is not evident.

Per capita consumption of wood and paper products in 2017 was 45.5 ft3, which was up slightly from the all-time low of 37.1 ft3 in 2009. In addition, 7.0 ft3 of fuelwood was consumed per capita in 2017, a 43% increase from 2006. Total consumption in 2017 for industrial products and fuelwood, excluding recovered paper, required 52.4 ft3 roundwood equivalent of wood harvest per capita in the United States. Industrial products (excluding fuelwood) required 45.5 ft3 per capita in 2017, down from 68.5 ft3 per capita in 1986 (Table 11a). In addition, 156 lb of recovered paper was consumed per capita in 2017, down from 163 lb in 2009. Per capita consumption of lumber for the United States and the world in total was 24.8 and 22 ft3, respectively, for 2017 (Fig. 27). Per capita consumption of paper and paperboard for the United States and the world in total were 470 and 125 lb, respectively, for 2017.

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Plywood and veneerLumber


16

Value and Volume in Roundwood Equivalents of Exports and Imports of Wood ProductsThe deficit in U.S. production compared with U.S. consumption of industrial wood products (in roundwood equivalents, excluding exports) in 2017 was 1.6 million ft3, which is greater than the net imports in 1965, which were just over 1.2 billion ft3, but quite a bit less than the net imports in 2005, which were more than 5.4 billion ft3. The 2017 figure includes wood imports of 3.5 billion ft3 and exports of 1.9 billion ft3. Imports (in roundwood equivalents) constituted almost 21% of the volume consumed in 2017, compared with 12% in 1965 (Table 5a). Softwood lumber remains the primary import into the United States at approximately 87% or 3.0 billion ft3 (in roundwood equivalent) of total wood imports in 2017 (Tables 5a and 6a).

The roundwood equivalent of the total consumption of wood products in the United States had steadily increased until 2005, reaching a peak of 20.0 billion ft3. Since 2005, however, total consumption of wood products has dropped drastically, reaching just 13.1 billion ft3 in 2009 before rebounding to 17.1 billion ft3 in 2017. Fluctuations in wood products flow reflect periods of economic downtowns and recovery because the demand for wood and wood products generally tracks basic macroeconomic indicators, such as those summarized in Table 1. Slower rates of increase in the consumption of wood products since 1990 have resulted in a declining trend in per capita wood consumption at 52.4 ft3 in 2017, well below the previous decade (Fig. 27). Per capita consumption by wood products sector shows a fairly stable proportion of individual consumption of most products, with slight decreases in all sectors between 2005 and 2009. But the great recession, which started in 2008, was the driving force behind the greatest downturn in the wood products sector of all time.

The value of the U.S. trade balance (the difference of exports – imports measured in million constant 2005 dollars) was negative for most primary wood products in 2017 (Fig. 28). Trade in U.S. logs, paperboard, and recovered paper continued to have a positive value in 2017 as did pulpwood and wood pulp. Paperboard was the product with the highest net trade value in 2017 at $4.1 billion. Recovered paper was second highest at $3.0 billion, followed by logs and wood pulp. Sawn wood continued its negative trade balance at an estimated $(-)3.3 billion in 2017 (Table 13).

Recovery or Recycling of Forest Products as a Percentage of Total Forest Products ConsumptionTraditionally, recovery and recycling in the forestry sector have been associated primarily with paper and paper products, namely newsprint and office waste paper. The majority of available data reflects these productions. Recently, research and data on the recycling of solid wood materials from demolished structures, construction sites, and mill residues reflect the increasing value that society places on forest resources. Paper and paperboard recycling has increased steadily during the last few decades, with substantial increases in the 1990s. As of 2017, paper and paperboard was being recovered in the United States at a rate of 65.8%, up from 22% in 1970, whereas utilization of recovered paper was at 39.7%, up from 25% in 1965 (Tables 46 and 47) (AF&PA 2018b).

Literature CitedAF&PA. 2018a. 58th annual survey of paper, paperboard and pulp capacity. Washington, DC: American Forest & Paper Association.

AF&PA. 2018b. Paper, paperboard, and wood pulp statistical summary. Washington, DC: American Forest & Paper Association. p. 3, 7, 9.

APA — The Engineered Wood Association. 2018a. Housing starts April 2018. Tacoma, WA: APA — The Engineered Wood Association.

APA — The Engineered Wood Association. 2018b. Structural panel & engineered wood yearbook. APA Economics Report E184. Tacoma, WA: APA — The Engineered Wood Association.

FutureMetrics. 2018. North American Pellet Market Quarterly. Bethel, ME: FutureMetrics, LLC.

Howard, J.L.; Jones, K.C. 2016. U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and price statistics, 1965–2013. FPL-RP-679. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 91 p.

Figure 28. Net trade balance (exports–imports) in billion constant 2005 dollars in the United States, 1989–2017.

–15.0

–10.0

–5.0

0.0

5.0

10.0

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

2013

2015

2017

Trad

e ba

lanc

e (b

illion

200

5 do

llars

)

Logs, lumber, and panel productsPulpwood, wood pulp, paper and board, and recovered paper


17

RISI. 2017. International woodfiber report. 5(6). Bedford, MA: RISI, Inc.

Robertson, G.; Gualke, P.; McWilliams, R.; LaPlante, S.; Guldin, R. (editors). 2011. National report on sustainable forests – 2010. FS-979. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 212 pp.

U.S. Council of Economic Advisors. 2018. Economic indicators. February. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of Commerce. 2017. Annual survey of manufactures. M(AS-1). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census. http://www.census.gov/mcd/asm-as1.html.

WWPA. 2018. Statistical yearbook of the western lumber industry. Portland, OR: Western Wood Products Association.

Annotated Bibliography1. Adams, D. Timber assessment market model database.

[unpublished]. Portland, OR: Oregon State University. Hardwood and softwood lumber production.

2. American Forest & Paper Association. Bilateral trade. [monthly]. Washington, DC.

3. American Forest & Paper Association. Paper, paperboard, and wood pulp statistical summary. [monthly]. Washington, DC. p. 3, 7, 9. Production, imports, and exports of paper, paperboard, and wood pulp; pulpwood consumption; and related subjects.

4. American Forest & Paper Association. Wood statistical roundup–statistical supplement. [monthly and quarterly].Washington, DC. p. 2, 4. Lumber production, shipments, orders, stocks, trade, and other related subjects.

5. American Forest & Paper Association. Statistics of paper, paperboard, and wood pulp. [annual—1977, 1982, 1985, 1990, 1995, 1998–2017]. Washington, DC. Production, shipments, imports, and exports of paper, paperboard, and wood pulp; financial data on the paper industry and related subjects.

6. American Forest & Paper Association. U.S. wood pulp data. [monthly]. Washington, DC. U.S. and Canadian pulp production by grade, use, shipment, and inventory.

7. American Forest & Paper Association, Paper Recycling Group. Statistical summary of recovered paper utilization; wood pulp, recovered paper, pulpwood fiber consumption. [annual–2004–current year]. Washington, DC. U.S. recovered paper usage by grade, region, and end use; quantitative data on consumption.

8. American Iron and Steel Institute. Statistical report. [annual]. Washington, DC. Table 10.

9. American Pulpwood Association. Pulpwood summary. [monthly]. New York. Pulpwood consumption, domestic receipts, imports, and inventories by region and type of wood.

10. American Pulpwood Association. Pulpwood statistics. [annual]. Washington, DC. Table 9. Pulpwood consumption, receipts, and inventories by region, state, and type of pulpwood.

11. APA–The Engineered Wood Association. APA economics report. Curr. Pub. E67. Tacoma, WA. Table 7. Quantitative data on demand for structural panel products in North America.

12. APA–The Engineered Wood Association. APA structural panel statistics. [weekly]. Tacoma, WA. Structural panel production, capacity, orders, and shipments.

13. APA–The Engineered Wood Association. Regional production and distribution patterns of the structural panel industry. [monthly]. Tacoma, WA. Tables 1, 6. Structural panel production by major producing regions, shipments to major trading areas, description of market condition, and economic factors that affect production.

14. Canadian Pulp and Paper Association. Personal fax communication, June 1999. Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Canadian exports of newsprint by destination; Canadian shipments of uncoated mechanical papers to the United States.

15. Composite Panel Association. Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard production and shipments. [annual]. Silver Spring, MD. Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard production, shipments, number of plants, value of shipments, and other related subjects.

16. Conference Board. Internet site that allows retrieval of business cycle indicators. Internet address: www.conference-board.org Allows access to leading, coincident, lagging, and consumer confidence indices.

17. Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station. 1932. Wholesale prices for 213 years, 1720–1932. Memoir 142. Ithaca, NY. Estimates of wholesale prices for various commodities, 1720–1932.

18. Forest Resources Association. Pulpwood statistics. [annual–old 12]. Washington, DC. Pulpwood consumption, receipts, and inventories by region, state, and type of pulpwood.

19. Hardwood Market Report. [monthly]. www.hmr.com The latest in industry news, in-depth market and pricing analysis, and insightful commentary.


18

20. Howard, J.L.; Westby, R.M. 2013. U.S. timber production, trade, consumption and price statistics 1965–2011. Res. Pap. FPL–RP–676. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 91 p.

21. Howard, J.L., Quevedo, E.; Kramp, A. 2009. Use of indexing to update U.S. annual timber harvest by state. FPL–RP–653. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 30 p.

22. Ince, P. 2000. U.S. industrial roundwood product output per cubic foot of industrial roundwood. Res. Note FPL–RN–272. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 14 p.

23. Ingram, C.D.; Ince, P.J.; Mehlberg, R.L. 1999. United States pulpwood receipts: softwood and hardwood, roundwood and residues, 1950–1996. Gen. Tech. Rep. FPL–GTR–115. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 34 p.

24. Johnson, T.G.; Steppleton, C.D.; Bentley, J.W. 2007. Southern pulpwood production. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station.

25. Louisiana Department of Agriculture, Office of Marketing. Louisiana forest products market report. [quarterly]. Baton Rouge, LA. Internet address: www.ldaf.state.la.us Stumpage and delivered prices of saw logs and pulpwood for selected species and delivered prices of poles and pine stumps.

26. Luppold, G.W.; Dempsey, P.G. 1989. New estimates of central and eastern U.S. hardwood lumber production. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry. 6(3).

27. Manufactured Housing Institute. Monthly manufactured home production and shipments. Internet address: www.mfghome.org/statistics/

28. National Association of Builders. Housing economics. [monthly]. Washington, DC. p. 3.

29. National Association of Home Builders. Annual housing starts (1978–current year). Internet address: www.nahb.org/

30. Natural Resources Canada. Canadian Forest Service, Industry, Economics, and Programs Branch. Selected forestry statistics Canada. [annual]. Ottawa, ON.

31. Naval Stores Review. International yearbook. [annual]. New Orleans, LA.

32. New Hampshire University. Cooperative Extension Service and New Hampshire Department of Resources and Economic Development. Market pulse, NHTOA quarterly.

Forest products market report, first, second, third, and fourth quarters. Median and range of prices of species in North, Central, and South regions.

33. Pine Chemicals Association, Inc. Monthly summary. Atlanta, GA. Internet address: www.pinechemicals.org/

34. Powell, D.S.; Faulkner, J.L.; Darr, D.R.; Zhu, Z.; MacCleery, D.W. 1993. Forest resources of the United States, 1992. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM–GTR–234. (Revised, June 1994). Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Data from periodic surveys of the forest resources by state and Forest Service region–land areas by class of land, timberland area by ownership, net volume of timber on timberland by class and species group, and related data.

35. Skog, K. 2008. Sequestration of carbon in harvested wood products for the United States. Forest Products Journal. 58(6): 60. Table 2.

36. Statistics Canada. Industry Division. Production, shipments, and stocks on hand of sawmills in British Columbia. [monthly]. Ottawa, ON. Estimates of production, shipments (by destination), and stocks by species for interior and coastal mills.

37. Statistics Canada. Industry Division. Production, shipments, and stocks on hand of sawmills east of the Rockies. [monthly]. Ottawa, ON. Estimates of production, shipments (by destination), and stocks by species and providence (excluding Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island; price information for some species).

38. Statistics Canada. Industry Division. Wood industries. Census of manufacturers of wood industries. [annual]. Ottawa, ON. Number of industries, employment, wages, shipments, material and supplies, and related subjects; figures on lumber production by province.

39. TimberMart-South. Daniel B. Warnel, School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia. [quarterly]. Athens, GA. Table: Yearly Summary Delivered Timber. Internet address: www.tmartsouth.com/tmart/contact.html A brief, easy-to-read, quarterly report of the market prices for timber products of the Southeast.

40. United Nations. Food and Agriculture Organization. Economic Commission for Europe. European timber trends and prospects: into the 21st Century. Geneva timber and forest study papers, No. 11. [annual]. Geneva, Switzerland. Projections of European supply, demand, and trade for timber products.


19

41. United Nations. Food and Agriculture Organization. Forestry database: FAOSTAT. Internet address: www.fao.org Historical data to 1998 on production and trade of pulp and paper products and other wood products.

42. U.S. Council of Economic Advisors. Economic indicators. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 1, 2, 6, 10, 23, 30, 35. Output, income, and spending; employment, unemployment, and wages; production and business activity; prices; money, credit, and security markets; Federal finance; and other related subjects.

43. U.S. Council of Economic Advisors. Economic report of the President. [annual]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Detailed description of the economic situation at the beginning of each year; comprehensive series of historical statistics on national income, population, employment, wages, productivity, business activity, prices, money supply, finance, corporate profits, agriculture, international trade, and other related subjects.

44. U.S Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service. Global Agricultural Trade System Online. http://www.fas.usda.gov/gats/default.aspx Interactive database containing data on imports and exports of commodities identified by trade codes.

45. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Bulletin of hardwood market statistics: first, second, and third quarters. [quarterly]. Princeton, WV.

46. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. [quarterly]. Portland, OR: Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. Current information on the timber situation in the West; data on log, lumber, and plywood production and prices; employment in the forest industries; international trade in logs and lumber; volume and average prices of stumpage sold by public agencies; and related subjects.

47. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Pulpwood prices in the mid-South. Res. Note SO. [annual]. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. Pulpwood prices in U.S. mid-South, by wood type (hardwoods and softwoods) and purchase point.

48. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Pulpwood production in the North Central region by county. [annual]. St. Paul, MN: Northern Research Station.

Pulpwood production in the Great Lake and central states by state, county, and species.

49. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Pulpwood production in the Northeast. [annual]. Radnor, PA: Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Pulpwood production by state and species group, wood pulp production, and location and name of pulp producers in the Northeast.

50. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Southern pulpwood production. [annual]. Asheville, NC: Southern Forest Experiment Station, and New Orleans, LA: Southern Forest Experiment Station. Pulpwood production in 12 southern states by species, group, state, and county.

51. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from national forests, by selected species and region. [quarterly and annual]. Washington, DC. Stumpage prices of timber sold from national forests by selected species and region.

52. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. The demand and price situation for forest products, 1964. Misc. Pub. 983. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Historical data on U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and prices.

53. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1989. An analysis of the timber situation in the United States 1952–2040. GTR–RM–199. Washington, DC. p. 262, Table B-7. Comprehensive survey and analysis of present and prospective timber demand, supply, and prices in the United States.

54. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Forest resources of the United States, 1997, 2002 & 2007. NC–GTR–219. St. Paul, MN: North Central Research Station. Table 39. Current national forest resource statistics by ownership, region, or state. Providing information on forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output.

55. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 2015. National report on sustainable forests–2015. PNW–GTR–931. Washington, DC. 375 p.

56. U.S Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Cut and sold reports. [annual]. Volume and value of timber cut and sold from the national forest system and the national grasslands.

57. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Hardwood plywood. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA321T. Washington, DC.


20

Production and shipments of hardwood plywood by type of plywood, geographic division, and face species.

58. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Manufacturing & Construction Division Curr. Ind. Rep. MQ327D. [quarterly and annual]. Washington, DC. Table 1. Production and shipments of clay construction products.

59. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Manufacturing & Construction Division Tables Q6 and “Selected characteristics of new manufactured homes placed for residential use, by region.” Washington, DC. Manufacturing, mining, and construction statistics.

60. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Housing completions. Constr. Rep. C 22. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Number of houses completed in the United States by structure type, ownership, region, and metropolitan statistical area.

61. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Housing starts. Constr. Rep. C 20. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Number of houses started in the United States by structure type, ownership, region, and metropolitan statistical area; information on shipments of mobile homes.

62. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Lumber production and mill stocks. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA24T & MA–321T. [annual]. Washington, DC. Lumber production by major species, producing region, and state.

63. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. New one-family houses sold and for sale. Constr. Rep. C 25. [monthly and annual]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Number of privately owned, one-family homes sold and for sale in the United States by stage of construction and sale price.

64. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Particleboard. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA–24L. [annual]. Washington, DC. Production of particleboard by state, production by type, shipments, and resin consumption.

65. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Population characteristics. Curr. Pop. Rep. Ser. P-20-537. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Estimates of households, families, marital status, fertility, and related data.

66. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Population estimates and projections. Curr. Pop. Rep. Ser. P–25. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Estimates of U.S. population by type and month.

67. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Pulp, paper, and board. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA–26A. [annual]. Washington, DC. Pulpwood receipts, consumption, and inventories; wood pulp production, transfers, and inventories; paper and board shipments by grades; and other subjects.

68. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Residential alterations and repairs. Constr. Rep. C 50. [quarterly and annual]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Table 2. Internet address: www.census.gov/const/www/c50index.html Regional data on expenditures for additions, alterations, maintenance, repairs, and replacements for all residential units and for owner occupants of one-housing-unit properties.

69. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Softwood plywood. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA–24H. [annual]. Washington, DC. Production of softwood plywood and veneer and consumption of softwood veneer logs.

70. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Statistics for industry groups and industries. M (AS–1). Washington, DC. www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/industry.html

71. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. U.S. exports/schedule E commodity by country. FT 410. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Volume and value of exports by product and country of destination. Exports of lumber are broken down by major species and grade.

72. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. U.S. imports for consumption and general imports/TSUSA commodity by country of origin. FT 246. [annual]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Volume and value of imports by product and country of origin. Imports of lumber are broken down by major species and grade.

73. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Value of new construction put in place. Constr. Rep. C 30. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Table 1.


21

Value of new construction put in place by type of construction.

74. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Characteristics of new housing. [annual]. Constr. Rep. C 25. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Housing completions by type of structure and location.

75. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Survey of current business. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Gross national product, national income, personal income and outlays, foreign transactions, and other national subjects.

76. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industrial Economics. Constr. Rev. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Volume of construction, costs, employment, and related subjects.

77. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Monthly energy review. www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/renew.html

78. U.S Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Monthly energy review. [Table 47 cites 88 as an AF&PA pub]. www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/renew.html

79. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employment and earnings, United States. Employment and earnings of individual nonagricultural industries in the United States.

80. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Producer prices and price indexes. [monthly and annual]. Washington, DC. Prices and price indexes of several hundred commodities, including selected lumber items of important commercial species and of plywood, pulp, and paper items.

81. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI detailed report. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Consumer price indexes for goods and services usually bought by all urban consumers and by urban wage earners and clerical workers.

82. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. 1979. Employment and earnings, United States, 1909–78 and supplements. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Employment and earnings of individual nonagricultural industries in the United States.

83. U.S. Federal Reserve System, Board of Governors. Federal Reserve Bulletin. [monthly and annual]. Curr. Pub. G.5A (405). Washington, DC. Interest rates; security prices; federal and business finances; selected indexes on business activity and wholesale and consumer prices; sales, profits, and dividends of large manufacturing corporations; and related subjects.

84. U.S. Federal Reserve System, Board of Governors. Industrial production. [monthly]. Washington, DC. Indexes of industrial production by market and industry.

85. U.S. Geological Survey. Mineral commodity summaries. [annual]. Reston, VA. p. 44.

86. U.S. International Trade Commission. Interactive tariff and trade data web. Internet address: www.dataweb.usitc.gov/ Interactive database containing Department of Commerce data on imports and exports of commodities identified by trade code.

87. U.S. International Trade Commission. U.S. trade shifts in selected industries. [annual]. Volume and value data on imports and exports of timber products.

88. Western Wood Products Association. Western lumber facts. [weekly]. Portland, OR. Softwood lumber production, orders, shipments, stocks, and realization value in the western woods region by major species.

89. Western Wood Products Association. Lumber track. [monthly]. Portland, OR. Dec. issue. Review of North American lumber statistics, including trade highlights and key markets.

90. Wood Markets. International Solid Wood Report. [monthly]. Curr. Pub. Dec.–Jan. Table 2. Vancouver, BC, Canada: International Wood Markets Research, Inc. Internet address: www.woodmarkets.com Special report: U.S.–Canada lumber outlook.

91. Wood Preservers Institute. The 1996 wood preserving industry production statistical report. [annual]. Fairfax, VA. Volume and value of wood preservatives and wood products treated with preservatives.

92. Wood Technology. North American fact book. Panel review. [annual]. Data published by APA, Statistics Canada, National Particleboard Association, and the American Hardboard Association.


23

Tabl

e 1—

Mea

sure

s of

eco

nom

ic g

row

th, p

opul

atio

n, a

nd p

rice

s, 1

965–

2017

Non-

Prod

ucer

Cons

umer

resi

dent

ial

Num

ber o

fTo

tal

Furn

iture

Pape

rpr

ice

pric

efix

edho

usin

gM

obile

Pop

ula-

in

dust

rial

Man

ufac

- an

dan

din

dex

all

inde

x al

l Y

ear

inve

stm

enta,

cst

arts

a,d

hom

esb,

gtio

napr

oduc

tiona,

etu

ringa,

efix

ture

se,a

prod

ucts

e,a

com

mod

ities

fite

msa

Billion

Billion

Billion

Billion

Billion

Billion

Billion

current

2009

current

2009

current

2009

2009

Thousand

Thousand

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

units

units

Millions

2009=100

2009=100

2009=100

2009=100

2009=100

2009=100

1965

719.

13,

957.

649

3.9

2,71

8.2

81.9

450.

722

6.7

1,47

321

719

4.3

47.2

45.4

36.6

46.2

18.7

14.6

1966

787.

84,

215.

153

3.7

2,85

5.5

85.8

459.

125

5.0

1,16

521

719

6.6

51.4

49.6

39.4

49.9

19.3

15.1

1967

833.

64,

328.

157

1.9

2,96

9.4

87.2

452.

825

1.5

1,29

224

019

8.7

52.5

50.4

39.4

49.9

19.3

15.6

1968

910.

64,

530.

362

1.4

3,09

1.5

96.8

481.

626

2.5

1,50

831

820

0.7

55.4

53.3

40.8

52.8

19.8

16.2

1969

982.

24,

661.

666

8.4

3,17

2.3

104.

949

7.9

282.

41,

467

413

202.

758

.055

.742

.756

.920

.617

.119

701,

035.

64,

667.

072

7.1

3,27

6.7

105.

947

7.2

280.

81,

434

401

205.

156

.153

.140

.056

.221

.318

.119

711,

125.

44,

819.

779

0.2

3,38

4.2

122.

452

4.2

280.

62,

052

497

207.

756

.854

.041

.658

.722

.018

.919

721,

237.

35,

075.

185

5.3

3,50

8.2

139.

157

0.5

306.

12,

357

576

209.

962

.359

.650

.273

.423

.019

.519

731,

382.

65,

365.

296

5.0

3,74

4.7

153.

859

6.8

350.

72,

045

567

211.

967

.364

.953

.579

.526

.020

.719

741,

496.

95,

346.

11,

054.

23,

765.

015

5.2

554.

335

3.5

1,33

832

921

3.9

67.0

64.7

49.8

83.1

30.9

23.0

1975

1,63

0.6

5,33

2.2

1,15

9.2

3,79

0.7

152.

649

9.0

318.

41,

160

213

216.

060

.957

.942

.671

.933

.825

.119

761,

819.

05,

612.

51,

273.

03,

927.

817

2.1

531.

033

4.1

1,53

824

621

8.0

65.6

63.0

47.6

79.5

35.3

26.6

1977

2,02

6.9

5,86

8.3

1,40

1.4

4,05

7.3

200.

558

0.5

371.

61,

987

277

220.

270

.468

.353

.282

.937

.528

.319

782,

291.

46,

204.

71,

580.

14,

278.

623

9.9

649.

642

4.1

2,02

027

622

2.6

74.2

72.5

58.1

86.4

40.4

30.4

1979

2,55

7.5

6,40

6.6

1,76

9.5

4,43

2.6

272.

968

3.6

466.

61,

745

277

225.

176

.574

.559

.587

.845

.533

.819

802,

784.

26,

404.

91,

973.

34,

539.

527

3.9

630.

146

6.3

1,29

222

222

7.7

74.4

71.7

58.0

87.6

51.9

38.4

1981

3,11

5.9

6,55

9.8

2,20

0.2

4,63

2.0

289.

160

8.6

492.

61,

084

241

230.

075

.372

.558

.588

.856

.742

.419

823,

242.

16,

435.

32,

347.

34,

659.

227

9.3

554.

447

4.2

1,06

224

023

2.2

71.3

68.5

55.7

87.2

57.8

44.9

1983

3,51

4.5

6,70

0.7

2,52

2.4

4,80

9.2

311.

659

4.1

469.

41,

703

296

234.

373

.271

.663

.092

.758

.646

.419

843,

902.

47,

174.

82,

810.

05,

166.

436

9.0

678.

455

2.0

1,75

029

523

6.3

79.7

78.7

71.5

97.7

60.0

48.5

1985

4,18

0.7

7,45

3.6

3,00

2.0

5,35

2.1

401.

471

5.6

589.

01,

742

284

238.

580

.680

.073

.595

.559

.750

.219

864,

422.

27,

716.

33,

187.

65,

562.

042

9.9

750.

157

3.1

1,80

524

424

0.7

81.4

81.7

76.6

99.5

58.0

51.1

1987

4,69

2.3

7,95

7.1

3,36

3.1

5,70

3.1

441.

674

8.9

572.

51,

621

233

242.

885

.286

.181

.410

2.9

59.5

53.0

1988

5,04

9.6

8,28

4.8

3,64

0.8

5,97

3.4

455.

674

7.5

603.

61,

488

218

245.

089

.390

.586

.410

7.2

61.8

55.1

1989

5,43

8.7

8,59

1.9

3,89

4.5

6,15

2.4

469.

874

2.2

637.

01,

376

198

247.

390

.291

.189

.510

8.6

64.9

57.8

1990

5,74

3.8

8,73

1.8

4,16

6.8

6,33

4.4

468.

571

2.2

641.

71,

193

188

249.

990

.991

.686

.310

8.5

67.3

60.9

1991

5,91

6.7

8,71

1.3

4,34

3.7

6,39

5.3

424.

262

4.6

610.

11,

014

171

252.

789

.389

.880

.810

8.3

67.4

63.5

1992

6,24

4.4

8,97

5.7

4,61

3.7

6,63

1.7

452.

164

9.8

630.

61,

200

211

255.

491

.792

.981

.611

0.9

67.8

65.4

1993

6,55

3.0

9,19

8.5

4,79

0.2

6,72

4.0

482.

767

7.6

683.

61,

288

254

258.

194

.796

.189

.011

2.1

68.8

67.4

1994

6,93

5.7

9,53

6.2

5,02

1.7

6,90

4.6

519.

571

4.3

744.

61,

457

304

260.

799

.810

1.9

90.5

117.

069

.669

.119

957,

253.

89,

761.

55,

320.

87,

160.

353

8.1

724.

181

7.5

1,35

434

026

3.0

104.

610

7.3

91.1

119.

072

.171

.019

967,

813.

210

,321

.35,

588.

57,

382.

458

3.6

770.

989

9.4

1,47

536

326

5.5

109.

111

2.3

88.9

115.

073

.973

.119

978,

110.

910

,502

.35,

886.

65,

854.

561

8.2

800.

51,

009.

31,

474

354

267.

911

7.1

121.

810

0.0

117.

473

.874

.819

988,

511.

010

,886

.46,

027.

86,

168.

665

5.4

838.

31,

135.

91,

617

373

270.

312

3.7

129.

799

.111

8.5

71.9

76.0

1999

9,27

4.3

11,6

95.2

6,63

9.2

6,32

8.4

765.

996

5.8

1,22

8.4

1,64

134

927

3.2

128.

913

6.2

102.

712

0.0

72.6

77.7

2000

9,82

4.6

12,1

33.6

7,12

0.2

6,63

0.3

820.

31,

013.

11,

324.

21,

569

251

282.

113

5.0

143.

011

9.4

118.

076

.880

.220

0110

,082

.212

,163

.37,

393.

26,

748.

084

2.5

1,01

6.5

1,25

5.1

1,60

319

328

4.8

130.

213

7.1

113.

211

1.9

77.6

82.5

2002

10,4

45.6

12,4

61.9

7,82

9.1

7,04

9.8

846.

11,

009.

41,

183.

41,

705

168

287.

512

9.4

135.

810

1.7

110.

775

.883

.820

0311

,142

.113

,292

.98,

159.

99,

735.

091

5.7

1,09

2.5

1,30

1.6

1,84

813

129

1.1

129.

913

6.7

101.

010

8.3

79.9

85.7

2004

12,2

77.0

13,7

74.0

8,62

2.8

9,67

4.4

991.

41,

112.

31,

423.

61,

956

131

294.

013

5.2

142.

810

8.9

111.

384

.888

.020

0513

,095

.414

,235

.69,

031.

39,

817.

71,

104.

11,

200.

31,

544.

62,

068

147

296.

714

1.1

150.

210

8.6

108.

891

.091

.020

0613

,857

.914

,615

.29,

915.

710

,457

.41,

167.

21,

231.

01,

455.

51,

801

117

289.

811

4.1

118.

411

6.5

112.

495

.393

.920

0714

,480

.314

,876

.810

,423

.610

,709

.51,

152.

41,

184.

01,

550.

01,

355

9630

1.7

117.

112

1.8

107.

011

7.4

100.

096

.620

0814

,720

.314

,833

.611

,024

.511

,108

.91,

067.

61,

075.

71,

537.

690

682

304.

511

3.0

115.

997

.411

1.9

109.

710

0.3

2009

14,4

17.9

14,4

17.9

10,7

88.8

10,7

88.8

903.

290

3.2

1,26

3.2

554

5030

7.2

100

100

100

100

100

100

2010

14,9

58.3

14,7

99.4

11,1

79.7

11,0

61.3

803.

679

5.1

1,31

9.2

587

5030

9.8

105.

510

5.7

98.7

103.

610

6.8

101.

620

1115

,533

.815

,052

.111

,556

.211

,197

.978

9.8

765.

31,

433.

460

951

312.

010

8.7

108.

810

2.0

102.

911

6.3

104.

820

1216

,244

.615

,471

.011

,931

.212

,403

.785

4.5

813.

81,

654.

378

155

314.

311

1.9

111.

510

7.4

98.2

116.

910

7.0

2013

16,7

68.1

15,7

10.8

14,1

66.9

12,3

95.8

906.

484

9.2

1,99

0.6

925

6031

6.6

114.

211

2.5

108.

388

.611

7.6

108.

820

1417

,420

.716

,090

.114

,716

.613

,032

.61,

005.

692

8.8

2,11

2.7

1,00

364

318.

911

7.7

113.

910

8.8

97.0

118.

811

0.3

2015

18,1

20.7

16,4

71.6

13,6

15.0

12,3

75.9

1,11

3.6

1012

.32,

223.

51,

112

7132

1.3

116.

911

4.0

113.

710

3.3

110.

111

0.4

2016

18,6

24.5

16,7

16.2

13,9

68.6

12,5

37.3

1,18

5.7

1064

.22,

210.

41,

174

8132

3.7

115.

411

4.0

113.

710

0.7

107.

211

1.8

2017

19,3

86.8

17,0

91.9

14,3

77.0

12,6

75.1

1,23

0.6

1084

.92,

314.

21,

202

9332

5.9

117.

511

5.4

113.

410

0.5

111.

911

4.2

a U.S.

Cou

ncil

of E

cono

mic

Adv

isor

s (4

2,43

).e U.

S. F

eder

al R

eser

ve S

yste

m, B

oard

of G

over

nors

(83,

84).

b U.S.

Dep

artm

ent o

f Com

mer

ce, B

urea

u of

the

Cens

us (7

1).

f U.S.

Dep

artm

ent o

f Lab

or, B

urea

u of

Lab

or S

tatis

tics

(77)

.c U.

S. C

ounc

il of

Eco

nom

ic A

dvis

ors

(43)

; ser

ies

(196

5–19

99) r

evis

ed.

g M

anuf

actu

red

Hous

ing

Inst

itute

(27)

.d U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of C

omm

erce

, Bur

eau

of th

e Ce

nsus

(59)

; Nat

iona

l Ass

ocia

tion

of H

ome

Build

ers

(28,

29).

Inde

x of

indu

stria

l pro

duct

ion

Gro

ss d

omes

ticpr

oduc

taEx

pend

iture

s fo

rne

w co

nstru

ctio

na,b

inco

mea

Disp

osab

le p

erso

nal


24

Number New home of mortgage

house- interest Total Total Number Floor Number Floor Number FloorYear holdsa ratesb units startsc,f startsc aread startsc,f aread shipmentsc aread

Average Average Average Million MillionAverage Thousand Thousand Thousand square Thousand square Thousand square current 2009

Millions percent units units units feet units feet units feet dollars dollars1965 57.4 5.81 1,727 1,510 965 1,498 545 1,053 217 650 11,442 52,0091966 58.4 6.25 1,413 1,196 780 1,544 416 1,076 217 660 11,691 50,8301967 59.2 6.46 1,562 1,322 845 1,585 477 1,094 240 670 11,687 49,3121968 60.8 6.97 1,863 1,545 900 1,642 645 1,123 318 670 12,703 50,8121969 62.2 7.81 1,913 1,500 811 1,616 689 1,095 413 684 13,535 50,5041970 63.4 8.45 1,870 1,469 815 1,482 654 995 401 732 14,770 52,0071971 64.8 7.74 2,582 2,085 1,153 1,520 932 1,011 497 780 16,299 53,7921972 66.7 7.60 2,955 2,379 1,311 1,555 1,068 1,035 576 780 17,498 54,3421973 68.3 7.96 2,625 2,058 1,133 1,660 925 1,031 567 882 18,512 52,8911974 69.9 8.92 1,682 1,353 889 1,695 464 1,021 329 910 21,114 53,1841975 71.1 9.00 1,384 1,171 896 1,645 275 1,000 213 952 25,239 58,1541976 72.9 9.00 1,794 1,548 1,166 1,700 382 940 246 966 29,034 63,8111977 74.1 9.02 2,279 2,002 1,451 1,720 551 938 277 1,000 31,280 63,7071978 76.0 9.56 2,312 2,036 1,433 1,755 603 902 276 1,010 37,461 68,6101979 77.3 10.78 2,037 1,760 1,194 1,760 566 938 277 1,050 42,231 69,1181980 80.8 12.66 1,535 1,313 852 1,740 461 979 222 1,050 46,338 68,3451981 82.4 14.70 1,341 1,100 705 1,720 395 980 241 1,015 46,351 63,5821982 83.5 15.14 1,312 1,072 663 1,710 409 990 240 1,000 45,291 59,8301983 83.9 12.57 2,009 1,713 1,068 1,725 645 942 296 1,035 49,295 63,9361984 85.4 12.38 2,051 1,756 1,084 1,780 672 914 295 1,060 70,597 105,3691985 86.8 11.55 2,029 1,745 1,072 1,785 673 922 284 1,080 82,127 120,2451986 88.5 10.17 2,049 1,805 1,179 1,825 626 911 244 1,110 94,329 132,1131987 89.5 9.31 1,854 1,621 1,146 1,905 475 980 233 1,140 98,413 131,7441988 91.1 9.19 1,706 1,488 1,081 1,995 407 990 218 1,175 106,864 137,5341989 92.8 10.13 1,574 1,376 1,003 2,035 373 1,000 198 1,195 108,054 133,7301990 93.3 10.05 1,381 1,193 895 2,080 298 1,005 188 1,205 115,432 138,4081991 94.3 9.32 1,185 1,014 840 2,075 174 1,020 171 1,225 107,692 128,0521992 94.6 8.24 1,411 1,200 1,030 2,095 170 1,040 211 1,255 115,569 177,7981993 95.3 7.20 1,542 1,288 1,126 2,095 162 1,065 254 1,295 121,899 178,7901994 96.0 7.49 1,517 1,457 1,198 2,100 259 1,035 304 1,330 130,625 183,4361995 97.3 7.87 1,694 1,354 1,076 2,095 278 1,080 340 1,355 124,971 168,1751996 98.7 7.80 1,838 1,475 1,161 2,120 314 1,070 363 1,380 131,362 173,4151997 99.9 7.71 1,828 1,474 1,134 2,150 340 1,095 354 1,420 133,577 171,3621998 101.0 7.07 1,990 1,617 1,271 2,190 346 1,065 373 1,450 133,693 167,1161999 103.9 7.04 2,012 1,663 1,303 2,223 341 1,104 349 1,465 142,900 170,8722000 104.7 7.52 1,824 1,573 1,231 2,266 342 1,114 251 1,505 152,975 174,9892001 108.2 7.00 1,796 1,603 1,273 2,324 330 1,171 193 1,540 157,765 174,1342002 109.3 6.43 1,874 1,706 1,359 2,320 347 1,166 168 1,595 173,324 186,6312003 111.3 5.80 1,979 1,848 1,499 2,330 349 1,173 131 1,570 176,899 189,7042004 112.0 5.77 2,087 1,956 1,611 2,349 345 1,243 131 1,625 198,557 225,9672005 113.3 5.94 2,215 2,068 1,716 2,434 353 1,247 147 1,595 215,030 237,5502006 114.4 6.63 1,918 1,801 1,465 2,469 336 1,277 117 1,605 228,208 243,7342007 116.0 6.41 1,451 1,355 1,046 2,521 309 1,300 96 1,600 226,359 236,5302008 116.8 6.05 988 906 622 2,519 284 1,250 82 1,565 z z

2009 117.2 5.14 604 554 445 2,438 109 1,227 50 1,530 z z

2010 117.5 4.80 637 587 471 2,392 116 1,172 50 1,515 z z

2011 113.4 4.56 660 609 431 2,480 178 1,159 51 z z z

2012 114.2 3.69 836 781 535 2,505 245 1,138 55 z z z

2013 122.5 4.00 985 925 618 2,598 307 1,107 60 z z z

2014 123.2 4.22 1,067 1,003 648 2,675 355 1,162 64 z z z

2015 124.6 4.01 1,183 1,112 715 2,689 397 1,152 71 z z z

2016 125.8 3.76 1,255 1,174 782 2,624 392 1,171 81 z z z

2017 126.2 3.97 1,295 1,202 849 2,598 354 1,158 93 z z z

aU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (63,64). bU.S. Council of Economic Advisors (42,43).cNational Association of Home Builders (28,29); Manufactured Housing Institute (27).dU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service estimates based on data from the Manufactured Housing Institute; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (59,74); Manufactured Housing Institute (27).eU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (68). fData for privately owned housing starts from 1986 to present.zData no longer available.

improvementse

One family Multifamily Mobile homes for residential

New housing unitsNew housing starts

Table 2—Number of households and housing market indicators, 1965–2017

Expenditures

upkeep and


25

Year

U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Indexdollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100

1972 3.33 22.3 4.25 25.0 3.29 22.0 3.37 21.6 3.95 20.5 3.08 20.5 3.82 20.91973 3.61 24.2 4.56 26.8 3.62 24.2 3.62 23.2 4.20 21.8 3.29 21.9 4.09 22.41974 3.89 26.1 4.91 28.9 3.88 26.0 3.91 25.1 4.53 23.5 3.53 23.5 4.42 24.21975 4.26 28.6 5.28 31.1 4.34 29.0 4.26 27.3 5.01 26.0 3.78 25.1 4.83 26.51976 4.72 31.6 6.03 35.5 4.86 32.5 4.67 30.0 5.47 28.4 4.34 28.9 5.68 31.11977 5.10 34.2 6.58 38.7 5.28 35.3 5.04 32.3 5.96 30.9 4.34 28.9 5.68 31.11978 5.60 37.5 7.25 42.6 5.83 39.0 5.55 35.6 6.52 33.8 4.68 31.1 6.17 33.81979 6.07 40.7 7.97 46.9 6.32 42.3 5.95 38.2 7.13 37.0 5.06 33.6 6.70 36.71980 6.55 43.9 8.64 50.8 6.70 44.8 6.41 41.1 7.84 40.6 5.49 36.5 7.27 39.91981 6.99 46.8 9.11 53.6 7.19 48.1 6.89 44.2 8.60 44.6 5.91 39.3 7.99 43.81982 7.43 49.8 9.79 57.6 7.73 51.7 7.33 47.0 9.32 48.3 6.31 42.0 8.49 46.51983 7.80 52.3 10.17 59.8 8.20 54.9 7.64 49.0 9.93 51.5 6.62 44.0 8.83 48.41984 8.03 53.8 10.70 62.9 8.42 56.4 7.81 50.1 10.41 54.0 6.84 45.5 9.19 50.41985 8.22 55.1 10.92 64.2 8.52 57.0 8.06 51.7 10.83 56.1 7.17 47.7 9.54 52.31986 8.34 55.9 10.82 63.6 8.58 57.4 8.23 52.8 11.18 58.0 7.46 49.6 9.73 53.31987 8.40 56.3 10.68 62.8 8.58 57.4 8.35 53.6 11.43 59.3 7.67 51.0 9.91 54.31988 8.61 57.7 10.78 63.4 8.75 58.6 8.55 54.8 11.69 60.6 7.94 52.8 10.18 55.81989 8.84 59.2 11.13 65.5 9.03 60.4 8.73 56.0 11.96 62.0 8.25 54.9 10.48 57.51990 9.08 60.9 11.22 66.0 9.22 61.7 9.04 58.0 12.31 63.8 8.52 56.6 10.83 59.41991 9.24 61.9 11.06 65.1 9.37 62.7 9.28 59.5 12.72 65.9 5.76 38.3 11.18 61.31992 9.44 63.3 11.17 65.7 9.59 64.2 9.48 60.8 13.07 67.8 9.01 59.9 11.46 62.81993 9.61 64.4 11.37 66.9 9.78 65.5 9.65 61.9 13.42 69.6 9.27 61.6 11.74 64.41994 9.84 66.0 11.44 67.3 10.05 67.3 9.89 63.4 13.77 71.4 9.55 63.5 12.06 66.11995 10.12 67.8 11.64 68.5 10.31 69.0 10.12 64.9 14.23 73.8 9.82 65.3 12.37 67.81996 10.44 70.0 11.76 69.2 10.59 70.9 10.51 67.4 14.68 76.1 10.15 67.5 12.78 70.11997 10.76 72.1 12.16 71.5 10.85 72.6 10.89 69.9 15.06 78.1 10.55 70.1 13.17 72.21998 11.10 74.4 12.48 73.4 11.12 74.4 11.25 72.2 15.51 80.4 10.90 72.5 13.49 74.01999 11.46 76.8 13.24 77.9 11.40 76.3 11.59 74.3 15.97 82.8 11.23 74.7 13.91 76.32000 11.94 80.0 13.70 80.6 11.90 79.7 12.08 77.5 16.25 84.2 11.74 78.1 14.37 78.82001 12.26 82.2 14.40 84.7 12.19 81.6 12.45 79.9 16.87 87.5 12.24 81.4 14.83 81.32002 12.50 83.8 14.76 86.8 12.42 83.1 12.60 80.8 17.50 90.7 12.61 83.8 15.29 83.82003c 12.71 85.2 14.95 87.9 13.84 92.6 12.60 80.8 17.32 89.8 12.98 86.3 15.74 86.32004 13.03 87.3 15.03 88.4 14.05 94.0 13.20 84.7 17.90 92.8 13.16 87.5 16.14 88.52005 13.16 88.2 15.74 92.6 13.97 93.5 13.48 86.5 17.98 93.2 13.44 89.4 16.56 90.82006 13.40 89.8 16.06 94.5 13.98 93.6 13.62 87.4 18.01 93.4 13.79 91.7 16.80 92.12007 13.67 91.6 16.07 94.5 14.19 95.0 14.06 90.2 18.43 95.5 14.32 95.2 17.26 94.62008 14.20 95.2 16.64 97.9 14.51 97.1 15.04 96.5 18.88 97.9 14.54 96.7 17.44 95.62009 14.92 100.0 17.00 100.0 14.94 100.0 15.59 100.0 19.29 100.0 15.04 100.0 18.24 100.02010 14.85 99.5 18.85 110.9 14.88 99.6 15.57 99.9 20.04 103.9 15.06 100.1 18.61 102.02011 14.81 99.3 19.41 114.2 14.69 98.3 15.50 99.4 20.26 105.0 15.24 101.3 18.93 103.82012 14.99 100.5 20.09 118.2 15.12 101.2 15.54 99.7 20.42 105.9 15.46 102.8 19.08 104.62013 15.48 103.8 20.46 120.4 15.95 106.8 15.79 101.3 20.31 105.3 15.58 103.6 19.30 105.82014 15.58 104.4 20.69 121.7 15.63 104.6 16.11 103.3 20.35 105.5 15.67 104.2 19.56 107.22015 16.16 108.3 20.92 123.1 16.77 112.2 16.45 105.5 21.47 111.3 16.09 107.0 19.92 109.22016 16.81 112.7 21.29 125.2 18.03 120.7 16.86 108.1 21.71 112.5 16.82 111.8 20.43 112.02017 17.47 117.1 20.58 121.1 18.27 122.3 17.67 113.3 21.773 112.9 17.52 116.5 20.89 114.5

aFor production or nonsupervisory workers.bU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79,80,81,82).cChanged from SIC to NAICS in 2003.

and structural

Table 3—Average hourly earningsa in timber-based industries and all manufacturing in the United States, 1972–2017b

Lumber and Logging camps Millwork, plywood,

ManufacturingPaper and allied Furniture and

except furniture contractors planing mills members products fixtureswood products and logging Sawmills and


26

Woo

dLu

mbe

r,Lu

mbe

rSa

wmills

Woo

dbu

ildin

gsM

isc.

plyw

ood,

and

othe

rRe

side

ntia

lSp

ecia

lan

d pl

anin

gki

tche

nW

ood

and

mob

ilewo

odan

dbu

ildin

gbu

ildin

gO

pera

tive

trade

Year

Logg

ing

mills

, gen

eral

qM

illwor

kca

bine

tsq

cont

aine

rsq

hom

esq

prod

ucts

qm

illwor

km

ater

ials

cons

truct

ion

build

ersq

cont

ract

ors

1972

69.0

182.

078

.538

.145

.811

0.5

86.3

z26

8.3

577.

693

.61,

950.

619

7375

.918

5.9

83.3

41.9

47.5

115.

091

.1z

286.

159

4.2

101.

82,

086.

719

7480

.719

1.3

75.1

38.5

46.3

82.2

90.0

z28

7.6

576.

092

.12,

029.

019

7573

.516

9.6

67.6

31.5

38.9

63.1

78.1

z26

7.9

479.

968

.31,

778.

819

7681

.518

4.4

75.2

36.9

41.2

71.4

84.5

z28

3.4

513.

867

.21,

805.

819

7784

.218

9.3

80.8

44.2

42.0

82.1

87.0

z30

2.1

578.

175

.41,

982.

719

7884

.819

2.3

85.5

50.0

44.4

87.3

91.3

z32

5.5

637.

381

.92,

172.

619

7988

.519

6.4

84.5

54.1

46.9

83.4

92.7

z33

7.5

625.

183

.32,

292.

619

8087

.517

8.2

76.3

48.4

42.5

65.6

87.9

z32

5.3

554.

366

.62,

278.

319

8182

.116

8.4

74.8

47.0

41.2

66.7

87.5

z31

5.1

508.

159

.72,

228.

619

8275

.414

8.1

70.4

42.0

37.6

60.0

78.9

77.2

298.

344

6.9

47.9

2,11

9.2

1983

82.9

160.

381

.148

.737

.869

.381

.283

.132

0.9

492.

954

.82,

173.

619

8487

.516

6.5

90.3

57.0

41.0

73.5

84.4

92.9

346.

857

8.9

57.9

2,46

1.7

1985

84.4

160.

295

.060

.440

.972

.083

.397

.236

3.2

622.

658

.42,

652.

219

8684

.115

8.3

100.

965

.440

.869

.484

.210

0.1

380.

466

5.4

57.0

2,77

0.6

1987

85.4

163.

710

9.0

70.8

41.9

69.0

87.4

106.

541

2.8

692.

353

.52,

901.

419

8888

.016

5.8

111.

772

.743

.868

.089

.811

6.2

436.

671

0.6

46.6

3,00

5.2

1989

86.9

163.

210

9.6

73.6

44.7

64.4

87.3

119.

444

1.0

680.

941

.93,

072.

119

9084

.616

0.1

106.

672

.345

.159

.484

.811

7.9

432.

864

2.8

38.0

3,05

1.0

1991

78.7

148.

097

.964

.644

.054

.180

.210

9.7

417.

155

3.7

30.7

2,78

3.3

1992

78.7

144.

610

0.3

65.7

43.5

56.4

80.8

110.

142

9.3

528.

227

.22,

704.

119

9381

.114

5.2

103.

368

.845

.964

.283

.811

3.1

450.

656

0.8

27.2

2,83

5.6

1994

82.1

150.

311

0.2

74.7

49.3

73.5

87.7

119.

549

1.9

604.

727

.93,

058.

419

9582

.514

8.0

111.

476

.051

.281

.487

.812

3.5

512.

660

8.8

26.6

3,20

1.1

1996

80.7

143.

511

3.9

78.4

52.4

89.1

88.6

126.

053

5.2

642.

026

.23,

383.

619

9782

.214

4.6

117.

481

.454

.593

.489

.113

0.0

562.

667

2.5

26.6

3,58

2.3

1998

80.0

144.

112

1.4

87.6

55.8

99.7

87.6

134.

357

6.7

706.

127

.53,

803.

619

9979

.014

1.7

124.

895

.656

.810

2.9

85.4

142.

261

2.3

767.

329

.94,

084.

220

0079

.014

2.2

126.

510

3.1

58.4

90.3

83.5

145.

464

3.4

798.

432

.04,

251.

220

0173

.513

4.1

123.

210

3.6

56.2

76.9

79.5

137.

868

0.5

753.

433

.04,

300.

520

0269

.113

1.7

122.

310

7.2

55.1

70.7

75.2

138.

670

9.2

773.

932

.84,

194.

220

0369

.411

7.1

150.

315

3.5

59.2

44.2

96.9

114.

153

7.6

837.

928

.94,

255.

720

0467

.811

7.5

156.

016

1.2

60.8

43.9

96.8

117.

354

8.4

894.

128

.64,

429.

720

0565

.211

9.2

159.

117

0.1

58.5

46.4

99.2

123.

355

9.2

960.

331

.14,

673.

120

0664

.411

7.8

159.

417

6.6

59.6

48.4

103.

712

0.1

558.

81,

008.

832

.84,

901.

120

0760

.111

1.2

146.

916

6.6

59.5

40.1

91.2

108.

351

7.1

949.

030

.94,

850.

220

0857

.010

3.6

128.

114

5.4

57.4

33.9

79.4

90.2

457.

781

6.1

28.0

4,55

5.8

2009

50.4

83.2

101.

411

1.9

50.7

21.1

56.6

68.3

360.

263

8.1

24.5

3,80

7.9

2010

49.7

82.3

92.6

99.7

50.8

19.1

52.6

63.9

342.

157

1.8

21.4

3,46

3.4

2011

48.7

83.7

89.1

97.0

52.5

18.3

49.8

62.0

337.

156

5.6

21.0

3,47

4.6

2012

50.8

84.7

86.6

94.9

53.5

17.4

50.5

63.9

339.

158

0.8

22.2

3,53

7.1

2013

51.8

86.3

90.7

100.

954

.517

.453

.768

.035

3.2

611.

624

.93,

684.

420

1452

.590

.794

.810

8.2

57.0

17.4

57.3

72.0

371.

766

0.6

26.8

3,86

6.8

2015

52.4

92.2

97.7

110.

259

.717

.457

.975

.038

2.5

693.

529

.84,

099.

720

1651

.092

.210

1.3

116.

059

.517

.461

.578

.239

2.7

730.

931

.64,

283.

020

1749

.592

.410

3.4

119.

259

.717

.463

.777

.439

6.6

750.

333

.14,

428.

0a U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of L

abor

, Bur

eau

of L

abor

Sta

tistic

s.q Ch

ange

s in

topi

cs c

ause

dat

a ch

ange

s af

ter 2

003

when

SIC

cha

nged

to N

AICS

.z Ch

ange

from

SIC

to N

AICS

cau

ses

chan

ge in

dat

a 20

03 a

nd a

fter.

Lum

ber p

rodu

cing

Lum

ber d

epen

dent

Tabl

e 4—

Aver

age

empl

oym

ent i

n lu

mbe

r-pr

oduc

ing

and

lum

ber-

depe

nden

t ind

ustr

ies

in th

e Un

ited

Stat

es, i

n th

ousa

nd p

eopl

e, 1

972–

2017

a


27

Tabl

e 5a

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

tim

ber

prod

ucts

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(mill

ion

cubi

c fe

et, r

ound

woo

d eq

uiva

lent

)a

Indu

stria

l rou

ndwo

od u

seO

ther

Fuel

-in

dust

rial

wood

All p

rodu

cts

Tota

lLu

mbe

rPl

ywoo

d an

d ve

neer

Pulp

wood

-bas

ed p

rodu

cts

prod

ucts

,Lo

gse

Pulp

wood

chi

pdpr

oduc

-

prod

uctio

ntio

n an

dPr

oduc

- Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-an

d co

n-Im

- Ex

-Im

-Ex

-co

n-Ye

artio

ntio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtsb

ports

btio

nsu

mpt

ionc

ports

ports

ports

ports

sum

ptio

n19

6512

,276

13,3

2111

,230

1,61

055

812

,283

6,23

382

915

16,

910

1,07

069

31,

137

3,17

670

121

33,

665

560

1119

1z

71,

038

1966

12,5

7813

,611

11,5

201,

679

628

12,5

716,

222

826

169

6,88

01,

118

824

1,19

63,

392

755

232

3,91

556

515

223

z17

1,04

019

6712

,445

13,2

5711

,332

1,61

976

112

,191

6,03

781

618

66,

667

1,10

081

71,

175

3,36

570

925

33,

822

515

1231

5z

471,

066

1968

13,0

1313

,841

11,8

141,

816

887

12,7

436,

112

975

191

6,89

61,

238

124

61,

355

3,53

970

528

03,

964

515

1341

1z

101

1,09

819

6913

,208

14,0

9911

,963

1,94

590

812

,999

5,96

51,

001

189

6,77

71,

153

138

161,

276

3,86

179

232

04,

334

600

1338

3z

146

1,10

019

7014

,378

15,1

5512

,963

2,01

91,

092

13,8

906,

511

1,08

922

97,

371

1,19

713

312

1,31

84,

165

773

413

4,52

565

223

438

z15

01,

265

1971

13,6

5614

,746

12,3

002,

105

892

13,5

136,

182

1,20

118

27,

201

1,37

816

68

1,53

53,

773

725

336

4,16

260

213

366

z12

31,

233

1972

13,9

9415

,157

12,5

672,

394

1,07

513

,887

6,33

91,

492

237

7,59

31,

512

206

181,

700

3,69

869

031

74,

071

517

650

2z

157

1,27

019

7314

,213

15,2

1412

,795

2,41

61,

199

14,0

126,

490

1,51

632

27,

684

1,49

616

534

1,62

83,

775

729

305

4,20

049

55

538

z21

61,

202

1974

13,9

0914

,668

12,3

522,

169

1,16

913

,352

6,11

41,

228

308

7,03

41,

287

107

451,

349

4,10

082

239

34,

529

428

1242

3z

240

1,31

619

7512

,774

13,2

3011

,317

1,74

71,

093

11,9

715,

884

1,03

628

86,

632

1,27

712

564

1,33

83,

345

572

314

3,60

238

514

427

z19

81,

259

1976

13,5

8014

,255

12,1

022,

121

1,20

113

,023

6,02

61,

298

303

7,02

11,

466

154

591,

562

3,71

565

531

94,

052

375

1352

0z

245

1,23

219

7714

,218

15,3

7112

,529

2,51

31,

100

13,9

436,

461

1,69

227

97,

874

1,55

114

826

1,67

43,

641

648

304

3,98

538

525

491

z26

11,

428

1978

15,0

1216

,457

12,9

302,

843

1,17

314

,600

6,58

61,

925

295

8,21

71,

587

167

251,

729

3,81

773

530

94,

244

395

1554

5z

225

1,85

719

7915

,730

16,8

3813

,221

2,75

81,

371

14,6

086,

516

1,80

835

67,

968

1,54

113

732

1,64

64,

136

792

359

4,56

940

521

623

z28

02,

230

1980

14,9

9815

,642

12,0

742,

390

1,46

712

,997

5,62

31,

524

406

6,74

11,

265

8130

1,31

64,

250

765

510

4,50

541

520

522

z27

82,

645

1981

14,4

9515

,313

11,4

582,

345

1,30

712

,496

5,15

81,

497

398

6,25

71,

275

9953

1,32

14,

195

734

451

4,47

742

516

405

z22

02,

817

1982

15,0

3715

,864

11,3

202,

317

1,31

312

,323

5,13

31,

478

336

6,27

51,

220

122

351,

307

4,01

969

842

84,

288

435

1951

3z

178

3,54

019

8316

,433

17,7

2612

,879

2,87

21,

423

14,3

296,

121

1,90

237

57,

647

1,48

317

944

1,61

84,

270

766

444

4,59

244

526

560

z15

63,

397

1984

17,1

3818

,785

13,3

683,

144

1,35

315

,159

6,49

12,

080

354

8,21

61,

493

161

281,

627

4,37

088

041

24,

838

455

2455

9z

145

3,62

619

8516

,999

18,9

0213

,400

3,40

41,

356

15,4

486,

404

2,27

529

78,

382

1,48

519

425

1,65

44,

432

918

419

4,93

146

516

615

z14

43,

454

1986

18,3

2820

,023

14,6

443,

379

1,53

316

,490

7,10

52,

196

388

8,91

31,

598

199

451,

751

4,88

197

251

45,

338

475

1358

5z

151

3,53

319

8718

,472

20,0

9215

,385

3,52

81,

750

17,1

637,

611

2,26

350

59,

369

1,63

924

057

1,82

34,

982

1,01

253

05,

463

495

1365

7z

158

2,92

919

8818

,736

19,7

0115

,618

3,27

92,

096

16,8

007,

667

2,04

569

49,

018

1,59

820

172

1,72

85,

075

1,02

156

35,

533

510

1176

7z

218

2,90

119

8918

,572

19,5

7815

,722

3,37

62,

370

16,7

287,

541

2,22

564

29,

124

1,45

411

497

1,47

15,

149

1,02

260

75,

565

555

675

3z

271

2,85

019

9018

,477

19,1

0815

,577

3,04

42,

413

16,2

087,

317

1,90

569

78,

526

1,42

397

109

1,41

05,

313

1,03

864

55,

705

562

467

4z

288

2,90

019

9118

,823

19,2

8815

,187

2,86

42,

400

15,6

527,

039

1,81

062

78,

222

1,26

783

951,

255

5,39

796

974

55,

621

551

260

2z

332

3,63

619

9218

,065

18,7

9415

,215

3,05

62,

326

15,9

446,

982

1,95

554

48,

393

1,29

410

010

61,

288

5,51

699

280

05,

707

546

752

42

351

2,85

019

9317

,358

18,6

6014

,914

3,42

32,

120

16,2

166,

894

2,23

851

18,

621

1,29

310

010

01,

293

5,42

31,

065

723

5,76

551

715

460

532

62,

444

1994

17,3

6518

,891

15,1

643,

636

2,11

016

,690

7,08

52,

409

484

9,00

91,

320

9486

1,32

85,

576

1,10

275

75,

921

401

1842

914

354

2,20

119

9517

,604

19,2

4915

,454

3,92

92,

284

17,0

996,

857

2,54

546

28,

939

1,30

310

789

1,32

16,

079

1,24

590

46,

420

387

1345

119

377

2,15

019

9617

,268

18,9

3415

,344

3,93

52,

269

17,0

106,

975

2,66

445

49,

185

1,28

197

871,

291

5,90

81,

144

890

6,16

134

218

422

1241

61,

924

1997

17,3

6219

,119

15,6

624,

063

2,30

617

,419

7,21

02,

675

466

9,41

91,

213

114

103

1,22

46,

101

1,25

092

96,

422

330

2038

44

424

1,70

019

98r

17,2

0919

,536

15,5

774,

284

1,95

717

,904

7,22

22,

791

354

9,65

81,

201

131

551,

277

6,12

01,

353

818

6,62

830

530

316

741

41,

632

1999

17,2

0819

,704

15,5

834,

430

1,93

518

,079

7,53

32,

884

410

10,0

071,

208

151

551,

304

5,80

91,

340

735

6,41

429

847

326

940

91,

625

2000

17,1

5019

,737

15,5

284,

626

2,03

918

,115

7,38

42,

943

435

9,89

21,

187

154

511,

290

5,88

11,

448

776

6,55

330

072

422

935

51,

622

2001

16,4

3119

,322

14,8

104,

699

1,80

717

,701

7,05

23,

007

359

9,69

91,

088

176

391,

225

5,68

31,

438

742

6,37

832

073

403

526

51,

621

2002

r16

,303

19,4

3714

,783

4,87

11,

738

17,9

177,

217

3,15

435

910

,012

1,06

722

334

1,25

65,

605

1,40

476

86,

241

317

8638

84

188

1,52

020

0316

,289

19,8

1314

,774

5,06

01,

535

18,2

987,

110

3,19

334

79,

956

1,05

224

035

1,25

75,

784

1,53

664

36,

677

318

8035

611

155

1,51

520

0415

,768

19,7

4814

,228

5,42

61,

445

18,2

087,

563

3,70

434

810

,919

1,08

235

443

1,39

34,

731

1,26

852

15,

479

318

7336

626

168

1,54

020

0515

,984

20,0

4114

,434

5,52

71,

470

18,4

917,

680

3,74

436

211

,063

1,06

837

337

1,40

34,

856

1,27

256

05,

569

318

113

345

2516

61,

550

2006

15,5

3319

,150

14,1

255,

096

1,47

917

,742

7,50

53,

415

390

10,5

3098

933

935

1,29

34,

886

1,22

956

45,

551

255

9433

919

151

1,40

820

0715

,203

17,8

4313

,716

4,24

31,

604

16,3

556,

921

2,74

335

99,

305

898

264

401,

122

5,08

11,

163

649

5,59

526

167

350

720

51,

487

2008

13,5

7515

,014

12,0

083,

150

1,71

113

,448

5,39

51,

894

345

6,94

574

518

445

884

5,03

11,

034

750

5,31

526

635

313

325

71,

566

2009

12,2

8113

,066

10,6

352,

356

1,57

111

,420

4,57

61,

347

288

5,63

661

614

634

728

4,65

384

473

14,

766

272

1732

22

196

1,64

620

1012

,731

13,3

3211

,006

2,48

81,

888

11,6

074,

569

1,42

238

95,

602

655

161

5576

04,

863

880

802

4,94

127

720

407

623

51,

725

2011

13,3

9113

,742

11,5

872,

469

2,11

811

,938

5,00

51,

403

454

5,95

565

116

652

765

4,92

287

588

74,

911

283

1948

56

241

1,80

420

1213

,928

14,4

2012

,046

2,56

42,

073

12,5

375,

219

1,48

046

46,

234

679

176

5779

85,

088

874

864

5,09

937

328

432

625

61,

882

2013

14,5

0715

,026

12,5

472,

838

2,32

013

,065

5,60

71,

703

519

6,79

170

320

555

853

5,06

890

21,

040

4,92

946

326

463

324

21,

960

2014

14,9

9215

,808

12,9

543,

119

2,30

413

,769

5,99

51,

915

545

7,36

669

320

946

856

5,01

696

91,

016

4,96

955

222

444

425

32,

039

2015

15,2

4116

,283

13,1

243,

257

2,21

414

,167

6,06

52,

097

492

7,67

068

824

439

893

5,05

688

21,

009

4,92

964

229

363

431

12,

117

2016

15,5

2416

,922

13,3

293,

615

2,21

614

,727

6,14

32,

426

527

8,04

270

326

343

923

5,09

989

699

55,

000

732

2439

06

262

2,19

520

1715

,917

17,1

2413

,643

3,52

22,

315

14,8

516,

338

2,32

858

08,

086

729

285

4796

75,

081

875

1,01

34,

943

822

3239

32

280

2,27

3a U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

ores

t Ser

vice

(22)

; U.S

. Int

erna

tiona

l Tra

de C

omm

issi

on (8

6); d

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing;

dat

a ha

ve b

een

revi

sed.

b Incl

udes

pul

pwoo

d an

d th

e pu

lpwo

od e

quiv

alen

t of w

ood

pulp

and

pap

er a

nd b

oard

.c In

clud

es c

oope

rage

logs

, pol

es a

nd p

iling,

fenc

e po

sts,

hew

n tie

s, ro

und

min

e tim

bers

, box

bol

ts, e

xcel

sior

bol

ts, c

hem

ical

woo

d, s

hing

le b

olts

, and

mis

cella

neou

s ite

ms.

d Prio

r to

1989

, pul

pwoo

d ch

ips

are

not i

nclu

ded

in to

tal p

rodu

ctio

n.e Pr

ior t

o 20

00, P

ulpw

ood

Logs

are

not

incl

uded

in L

ogs.

z Not A

vaila

ble.

r Revi

sed


28

Tabl

e 5b

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

tim

ber

prod

ucts

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(tho

usan

d cu

bic

met

ers,

rou

ndw

ood

equi

vale

nt)a

Indu

stria

l rou

ndwo

od u

seO

ther

Fuel

-in

dust

rial

wood

All p

rodu

cts

Tota

lLu

mbe

rPl

ywoo

d an

d ve

neer

Pulp

wood

-bas

ed p

rodu

cts

prod

ucts

,Lo

gse

Pulp

wood

chi

pdpr

oduc

-

prod

uctio

ntio

n an

dPr

oduc

- Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-an

d co

n-Im

- Ex

-Im

-Ex

-co

n-Ye

artio

ntio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtsb

ports

btio

nsu

mpt

ionc

ports

ports

ports

ports

sum

ptio

n19

6534

7,61

337

7,20

831

8,01

045

,577

15,6

8834

7,81

517

6,48

923

,473

4,29

019

5,67

230

,305

1,94

174

32,1

9489

,947

19,8

556,

018

103,

784

15,8

5830

85,

413

z20

929

,393

1966

356,

161

385,

432

326,

221

47,5

4217

,785

355,

982

176,

197

23,4

024,

783

194,

816

31,6

722,

318

117

33,8

7896

,051

21,3

896,

583

110,

857

15,9

9943

36,

301

z49

129

,450

1967

352,

413

375,

398

320,

898

45,8

3621

,543

345,

212

170,

941

23,1

015,

262

188,

780

31,1

532,

300

196

33,2

7895

,287

20,0

877,

153

108,

221

14,5

8334

98,

933

z1,

329

30,1

8619

6836

8,48

039

1,93

033

4,53

751

,437

25,1

2436

0,83

817

3,06

427

,605

5,39

719

5,27

135

,044

3,49

816

138

,368

100,

213

19,9

777,

933

112,

257

14,5

8335

811

,632

z2,

850

31,0

9219

6937

4,02

139

9,24

933

8,74

355

,065

25,7

1836

8,10

116

8,91

828

,336

5,34

619

1,90

832

,646

3,91

645

336

,119

109,

334

22,4

419,

063

122,

712

16,9

9037

110

,855

z4,

129

31,1

4919

7040

7,15

142

9,13

436

7,07

357

,160

30,9

3539

3,31

318

4,38

030

,829

6,48

520

8,72

433

,884

3,77

834

937

,328

117,

931

21,8

9911

,686

128,

144

18,4

6365

412

,415

z4,

257

35,8

2119

7138

6,71

141

7,56

634

8,31

259

,594

25,3

2038

2,65

117

5,05

734

,001

5,16

020

3,89

839

,010

4,69

223

843

,479

106,

831

20,5

209,

506

117,

845

17,0

4738

010

,367

z3,

484

34,9

1519

7239

6,27

642

9,33

235

5,86

967

,780

30,2

9039

3,36

917

9,49

042

,236

6,70

921

5,01

842

,805

5,83

151

948

,125

104,

705

19,5

368,

977

115,

264

14,6

4017

814

,229

z4,

444

35,9

6319

7340

2,48

243

0,65

636

2,31

668

,406

34,1

0439

6,61

918

3,77

142

,938

9,12

921

7,58

042

,371

4,67

894

946

,101

106,

910

20,6

398,

635

118,

913

14,0

1715

215

,247

z6,

128

34,0

3719

7439

3,85

041

5,17

934

9,77

961

,425

33,2

8237

7,91

417

3,14

034

,767

8,73

119

9,17

636

,442

3,03

91,

281

38,1

9311

6,10

823

,272

11,1

3812

8,24

212

,120

347

11,9

69z

6,80

637

,265

1975

361,

710

374,

728

320,

465

49,4

8030

,863

339,

077

166,

608

29,3

458,

158

187,

795

36,1

633,

551

1,81

237

,897

94,7

1216

,197

8,90

310

2,00

610

,902

387

12,0

80z

5,59

435

,651

1976

384,

533

403,

872

342,

698

60,0

6533

,791

368,

986

170,

639

36,7

688,

588

198,

818

41,5

154,

369

1,68

144

,217

105,

204

18,5

599,

026

114,

738

10,6

1937

014

,721

z6,

949

34,8

8719

7740

2,61

343

5,57

435

4,79

671

,162

30,8

4339

5,13

418

2,95

347

,914

7,89

022

2,97

743

,933

4,19

474

847

,398

103,

103

18,3

548,

610

112,

847

10,9

0270

013

,904

z7,

377

40,4

4019

7842

5,10

446

5,75

136

6,14

580

,507

33,4

9541

3,16

118

6,50

554

,521

8,34

823

2,67

844

,926

4,72

969

448

,965

108,

088

20,8

188,

743

120,

163

11,1

8543

915

,442

z6,

369

52,5

9019

7944

5,43

847

6,52

337

4,38

178

,090

39,0

9341

3,38

618

4,52

151

,187

10,0

9222

5,61

743

,630

3,87

390

346

,607

117,

110

22,4

2810

,172

129,

365

11,4

6860

217

,652

z7,

920

63,1

3719

8042

4,69

344

2,90

334

1,89

967

,679

41,5

9036

7,99

315

9,21

343

,162

11,5

0319

0,87

335

,815

2,28

584

737

,257

120,

349

21,6

5414

,436

127,

567

11,7

5257

814

,770

z7,

884

74,9

1019

8141

0,46

043

3,63

032

4,44

466

,410

37,0

0335

3,85

814

6,05

842

,386

11,2

5817

7,18

636

,094

2,79

31,

492

37,4

0311

8,77

820

,772

12,7

9012

6,76

012

,035

458

11,4

79z

6,24

379

,773

1982

425,

817

449,

324

320,

538

65,6

1837

,060

349,

080

145,

341

41,8

639,

524

177,

680

34,5

543,

464

989

37,0

1311

3,79

319

,761

12,1

3412

1,41

912

,318

530

14,5

31z

5,03

510

0,24

419

8346

5,33

650

1,67

536

4,70

881

,339

40,5

6140

5,47

417

3,31

453

,846

10,6

1221

6,54

842

,007

5,06

71,

233

45,8

2812

0,92

321

,679

12,5

7713

0,02

512

,601

747

15,8

63z

4,42

696

,202

1984

485,

301

532,

052

378,

538

89,0

3438

,209

429,

383

183,

798

58,8

8710

,023

232,

662

42,2

874,

559

797

46,0

7012

3,73

924

,923

11,6

7713

6,98

512

,884

665

15,8

30z

4,09

410

2,66

919

8548

1,34

753

4,68

837

9,44

796

,377

38,9

5543

6,86

918

1,33

764

,425

8,40

923

7,35

242

,040

5,50

070

146

,839

125,

496

26,0

0311

,878

139,

621

13,1

6745

017

,408

z4,

081

97,8

1819

8651

8,98

256

6,82

041

4,66

295

,678

43,5

6546

6,77

620

1,20

462

,180

10,9

9925

2,38

545

,242

5,62

61,

282

49,5

8513

8,20

827

,517

14,5

6815

1,15

713

,451

356

16,5

58z

4,27

510

0,04

419

8752

3,07

356

8,79

643

5,64

799

,901

49,6

9548

5,85

321

5,53

264

,072

14,3

0726

5,29

746

,423

6,80

21,

605

51,6

2014

1,06

228

,653

15,0

2615

4,68

914

,017

374

18,6

13z

4,48

382

,944

1988

530,

553

557,

585

442,

251

92,8

4059

,640

475,

450

217,

114

57,9

0819

,651

255,

371

45,2

625,

703

2,04

248

,923

143,

700

28,9

2115

,944

156,

676

14,4

4230

921

,733

z6,

167

82,1

3519

8952

5,91

655

4,01

644

5,21

395

,586

67,4

8647

3,31

321

3,54

063

,005

18,1

8725

8,35

841

,164

3,24

22,

755

41,6

5014

5,80

528

,952

17,2

0815

7,54

915

,716

178

21,3

16z

7,67

280

,703

1990

523,

213

544,

085

441,

094

86,1

9865

,326

461,

966

207,

204

53,9

4519

,731

241,

418

40,2

922,

733

3,09

339

,933

150,

436

29,3

9118

,297

161,

530

15,9

1410

519

,083

z8,

165

82,1

1919

9153

3,02

054

5,60

843

0,05

981

,104

68,5

1644

2,64

819

9,32

251

,250

17,7

4523

2,82

735

,885

2,34

42,

681

35,5

4815

2,82

727

,437

21,1

2615

9,13

815

,603

6217

,035

z9,

387

102,

961

1992

511,

534

531,

690

430,

830

86,5

4166

,384

450,

987

197,

700

55,3

6615

,410

237,

656

36,6

532,

832

3,00

136

,485

156,

204

28,0

8122

,695

161,

590

15,4

7219

714

,852

649,

949

80,7

0319

9349

1,51

752

7,75

242

2,31

196

,924

60,6

8945

8,54

519

5,21

163

,361

14,4

5624

4,11

636

,628

2,82

72,

837

36,6

1815

3,56

030

,160

20,4

9916

3,22

114

,643

425

13,0

2815

09,

240

69,2

0719

9449

1,73

453

4,08

342

9,40

810

2,96

560

,616

471,

757

200,

618

68,2

0313

,715

255,

105

37,3

782,

657

2,43

637

,599

157,

887

31,2

1521

,457

167,

645

11,3

5550

012

,155

390

10,0

1562

,326

1995

498,

482

545,

043

437,

601

111,

259

64,6

9848

4,16

219

4,16

872

,065

13,0

9425

3,13

936

,883

3,03

52,

515

37,4

0317

2,13

635

,261

25,6

3418

1,76

310

,959

364

12,7

7353

410

,682

60,8

8219

9648

8,96

653

6,15

343

4,48

411

1,43

964

,252

481,

671

197,

505

75,4

4312

,845

260,

103

36,2

752,

752

2,45

836

,570

167,

291

32,3

8325

,222

174,

452

9,68

452

111

,938

341

11,7

8954

,482

1997

491,

641

541,

625

443,

502

115,

042

65,0

5849

3,48

620

4,16

975

,744

13,2

0526

6,70

934

,357

3,23

42,

930

34,6

6017

2,77

635

,385

26,3

2218

1,83

99,

345

578

10,8

6210

111

,994

48,1

3919

9848

7,31

755

6,57

844

1,10

412

2,05

855

,901

510,

365

204,

493

79,0

2210

,036

273,

478

33,9

993,

700

1,55

336

,147

173,

306

38,3

1323

,642

191,

078

8,63

783

98,

958

186

11,7

1146

,213

1999

487,

278

560,

904

441,

262

125,

454

55,1

9951

4,89

921

3,31

781

,653

11,6

0228

3,36

834

,199

4,27

71,

563

36,9

1416

4,50

437

,940

21,2

3018

4,79

18,

438

1,33

39,

232

251

11,5

7246

,015

2000

488,

536

561,

956

442,

605

130,

994

58,1

6151

6,02

520

9,08

283

,340

12,3

2028

0,10

133

,604

4,35

71,

438

36,5

2316

6,52

340

,998

22,4

1718

8,79

28,

495

2,03

611

,950

263

10,0

3645

,930

2001

467,

989

550,

183

422,

116

133,

054

51,5

7850

4,28

119

9,68

085

,153

10,1

7627

4,65

730

,819

4,97

31,

093

34,6

9816

0,91

340

,714

21,4

3318

3,78

69,

049

2,07

811

,411

135

7,46

645

,902

2002

461,

661

550,

387

418,

619

137,

945

49,2

1950

7,34

520

4,35

289

,323

10,1

5628

3,51

930

,222

6,31

097

235

,560

158,

723

39,7

6821

,758

176,

732

8,98

92,

431

11,0

0011

45,

351

43,0

4220

0346

1,26

156

1,05

641

8,36

014

3,27

443

,478

518,

156

201,

321

90,4

179,

828

281,

910

29,7

856,

794

991

35,5

8916

3,79

343

,485

18,2

0418

9,07

49,

005

2,25

310

,075

325

4,38

142

,900

2004

446,

490

559,

207

402,

882

153,

637

40,9

2051

5,59

921

4,16

110

4,89

39,

847

309,

207

30,6

3010

,029

1,21

239

,447

133,

975

35,9

1114

,750

155,

136

9,00

52,

054

10,3

5774

94,

755

43,6

0820

0545

2,61

256

7,49

940

8,72

115

6,50

841

,621

523,

608

217,

487

106,

027

10,2

4231

3,27

230

,233

10,5

601,

058

39,7

3513

7,51

936

,027

15,8

4315

7,70

39,

005

3,18

99,

771

705

4,70

543

,891

2006

439,

849

542,

259

399,

979

144,

297

41,8

8750

2,38

821

2,52

496

,692

11,0

4429

8,17

327

,996

9,60

998

336

,622

138,

360

34,8

1415

,984

157,

191

7,22

12,

652

9,59

153

14,

286

39,8

7020

0743

0,51

150

5,24

638

8,39

812

0,14

945

,415

463,

133

195,

988

77,6

6110

,169

263,

480

25,4

337,

475

1,14

131

,767

143,

870

32,9

3818

,377

158,

431

7,37

91,

892

9,91

418

45,

813

42,1

1320

0838

4,40

042

5,15

734

0,04

489

,204

48,4

4638

0,80

115

2,77

653

,639

9,76

419

6,65

021

,103

5,20

41,

284

25,0

2314

2,46

829

,281

21,2

3915

0,51

07,

538

996

8,87

384

7,28

544

,356

2009

347,

755

369,

985

301,

156

66,7

0744

,477

323,

387

129,

592

38,1

558,

160

159,

586

17,4

544,

135

964

20,6

2613

1,75

623

,894

20,6

9613

4,95

57,

697

474

9,12

049

5,53

746

,598

2010

360,

504

377,

512

311,

663

70,4

6553

,457

328,

671

129,

393

40,2

5411

,009

158,

637

18,5

444,

554

1,56

621

,531

137,

707

24,9

3022

,717

139,

920

7,85

557

111

,513

156

6,65

148

,841

2011

379,

181

389,

128

328,

097

69,9

2859

,981

338,

044

141,

740

39,7

3712

,858

168,

619

18,4

284,

709

1,47

921

,657

139,

377

24,7

9025

,104

139,

062

8,01

452

513

,728

167

6,81

151

,084

2012

394,

408

408,

319

341,

110

72,6

0258

,691

355,

021

147,

784

41,9

0013

,153

176,

532

19,2

284,

985

1,62

322

,590

144,

081

24,7

5124

,455

144,

377

10,5

5779

912

,220

167

7,24

053

,298

2013

410,

798

425,

480

355,

285

80,3

7065

,688

369,

967

158,

780

48,2

2014

,702

192,

298

19,9

185,

793

1,54

524

,166

143,

496

25,5

2829

,450

139,

575

13,0

9974

313

,124

856,

867

55,5

1320

1442

4,53

444

7,63

736

6,80

788

,332

65,2

2938

9,91

016

9,76

354

,229

15,4

2320

8,56

919

,626

5,92

11,

302

24,2

4514

2,03

527

,435

28,7

6414

0,70

615

,642

628

12,5

8311

87,

158

57,7

2720

1543

1,57

446

1,09

637

1,63

292

,222

62,6

9940

1,15

517

1,73

459

,392

13,9

3721

7,18

919

,474

6,92

11,

109

25,2

8714

3,16

224

,978

28,5

7713

9,56

318

,185

819

10,2

7411

18,

803

59,9

4120

1643

9,59

147

9,19

237

7,43

510

2,36

262

,762

417,

036

173,

938

68,7

0014

,913

227,

724

19,9

197,

436

1,20

926

,146

144,

396

25,3

6928

,184

141,

581

20,7

2868

411

,041

173

7,41

362

,156

2017

450,

711

484,

912

386,

341

99,7

4265

,540

420,

542

179,

468

65,9

1916

,426

228,

961

20,6

538,

072

1,33

927

,386

143,

869

24,7

8328

,696

139,

957

23,2

7190

111

,137

677,

943

64,3

70a U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

ores

t Ser

vice

(22)

; U.S

. Int

erna

tiona

l Tra

de C

omm

issi

on (8

6); d

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing;

dat

a ha

ve b

een

revi

sed.

b Incl

udes

pul

pwoo

d an

d th

e pu

lpwo

od e

quiv

alen

t of w

ood

pulp

and

pap

er a

nd b

oard

.c In

clud

es c

oope

rage

logs

, pol

es a

nd p

iling,

fenc

e po

sts,

hew

n tie

s, ro

und

min

e tim

bers

, box

bol

ts, e

xcel

sior

bol

ts, c

hem

ical

woo

d, s

hing

le b

olts

, and

mis

cella

neou

s ite

ms.

d Prio

r to

1989

, pul

pwoo

d ch

ips

are

not i

nclu

ded

in to

tal p

rodu

ctio

n.e Pr

ior t

o 20

00, P

ulpw

ood

Logs

are

not

incl

uded

in L

ogs.

z Not A

vaila

ble.


29

Tabl

e 5c

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

tim

ber

prod

ucts

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(met

ric

tons

car

bon,

rou

ndw

ood

equi

vale

nt)a

Indu

stria

l rou

ndwo

od u

seO

ther

Fuel

-in

dust

rial

wood

All p

rodu

cts

Tota

lLu

mbe

rPl

ywoo

d an

d ve

neer

Pulp

wood

-bas

ed p

rodu

cts

prod

ucts

,Lo

gse

Pulp

wood

chi

pdpr

oduc

-

prod

uctio

ntio

n an

dPr

oduc

- Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-an

d co

n-Im

- Ex

-Im

-Ex

-co

n-Ye

artio

ntio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtsb

ports

btio

nsu

mpt

ionc

ports

ports

ports

ports

sum

ptio

n19

6569

5,22

675

4,41

763

6,02

191

,155

31,3

7669

5,63

035

2,97

846

,946

8,58

039

1,34

460

,609

3,88

114

964

,388

179,

893

39,7

1012

,037

207,

567

31,7

1561

710

,826

zz

58,7

8619

6671

2,32

377

0,86

465

2,44

295

,083

35,5

7071

1,96

535

2,39

446

,803

9,56

738

9,63

163

,344

4,63

623

467

,756

192,

102

42,7

7713

,166

221,

713

31,9

9886

612

,603

zz

58,8

9919

6770

4,82

675

0,79

564

1,79

691

,672

43,0

8769

0,42

334

1,88

346

,202

10,5

2437

7,56

162

,307

4,59

939

266

,557

190,

574

40,1

7314

,306

216,

441

29,1

6769

817

,865

zz

60,3

7219

6873

6,95

978

3,86

066

9,07

410

2,87

450

,248

721,

676

346,

128

55,2

0910

,795

390,

543

70,0

886,

996

323

76,7

3620

0,42

739

,953

15,8

6522

4,51

429

,167

716

23,2

65z

z62

,184

1969

748,

043

798,

498

677,

487

110,

129

51,4

3673

6,20

133

7,83

656

,673

10,6

9238

3,81

765

,292

7,83

290

772

,238

218,

669

44,8

8218

,127

245,

424

33,9

8074

221

,710

zz

62,2

9719

7081

4,30

285

8,26

973

4,14

611

4,32

061

,871

786,

627

368,

760

61,6

5812

,971

417,

448

67,7

687,

556

699

74,6

5623

5,86

243

,798

23,3

7225

6,28

936

,925

1,30

824

,830

zz

71,6

4219

7177

3,42

183

5,13

269

6,62

411

9,18

850

,640

765,

302

350,

114

68,0

0210

,320

407,

796

78,0

209,

385

476

86,9

5821

3,66

241

,040

19,0

1223

5,69

034

,094

761

20,7

34z

z69

,830

1972

792,

553

858,

664

711,

739

135,

561

60,5

8078

6,73

835

8,98

184

,472

13,4

1743

0,03

585

,610

11,6

611,

038

96,2

5120

9,41

039

,071

17,9

5423

0,52

829

,280

356

28,4

58z

z71

,925

1973

804,

963

861,

312

724,

632

136,

811

68,2

0879

3,23

836

7,54

285

,875

18,2

5743

5,16

084

,743

9,35

51,

899

92,2

0321

3,82

041

,277

17,2

7023

7,82

628

,034

303

30,4

94z

z68

,074

1974

787,

699

830,

358

699,

557

122,

850

66,5

6475

5,82

834

6,28

069

,534

17,4

6139

8,35

372

,885

6,07

82,

561

76,3

8623

2,21

646

,544

22,2

7625

6,48

424

,239

694

23,9

38z

z74

,530

1975

723,

420

749,

456

640,

931

98,9

5961

,726

678,

154

333,

217

58,6

9016

,316

375,

590

72,3

277,

101

3,62

375

,795

189,

424

32,3

9417

,806

204,

012

21,8

0477

524

,160

zz

71,3

0219

7676

9,06

680

7,74

468

5,39

612

0,13

067

,582

737,

972

341,

277

73,5

3517

,176

397,

636

83,0

318,

738

3,36

188

,434

210,

408

37,1

1818

,052

229,

476

21,2

3873

929

,442

zz

69,7

7319

7780

5,22

587

1,14

870

9,59

214

2,32

461

,686

790,

268

365,

907

95,8

2915

,781

445,

955

87,8

668,

388

1,49

594

,797

206,

206

36,7

0817

,220

225,

694

21,8

041,

400

27,8

09z

z80

,880

1978

850,

208

931,

502

732,

290

161,

014

66,9

9082

6,32

237

3,00

910

9,04

316

,697

465,

355

89,8

519,

457

1,38

897

,929

216,

175

41,6

3617

,486

240,

326

22,3

7087

830

,884

zz

105,

180

1979

890,

877

953,

046

748,

762

156,

181

78,1

8682

6,77

236

9,04

210

2,37

520

,184

451,

233

87,2

607,

746

1,80

793

,215

234,

220

44,8

5520

,344

258,

730

22,9

371,

205

35,3

03z

z12

6,27

419

8084

9,38

688

5,80

668

3,79

813

5,35

983

,180

735,

986

318,

426

86,3

2423

,006

381,

745

71,6

304,

570

1,69

474

,515

240,

698

43,3

0928

,872

255,

134

23,5

031,

155

29,5

41z

z14

9,82

019

8182

0,91

986

7,26

064

8,88

813

2,82

074

,006

707,

716

292,

116

84,7

7322

,516

354,

373

72,1

895,

587

2,98

474

,805

237,

556

41,5

4425

,580

253,

520

24,0

6991

622

,958

zz

159,

545

1982

851,

633

898,

648

641,

075

131,

237

74,1

2069

8,16

029

0,68

283

,726

19,0

4835

5,36

169

,108

6,92

91,

977

74,0

2722

7,58

639

,521

24,2

6824

2,83

824

,636

1,06

129

,063

zz

200,

487

1983

930,

672

1,00

3,35

072

9,41

716

2,67

781

,122

810,

948

346,

628

107,

691

21,2

2443

3,09

684

,015

10,1

342,

466

91,6

5724

1,84

543

,357

25,1

5426

0,05

025

,202

1,49

531

,726

z`

192,

403

1984

970,

602

1,06

4,10

475

7,07

717

8,06

976

,418

858,

766

367,

596

117,

773

20,0

4646

5,32

484

,575

9,11

91,

594

92,1

3924

7,47

749

,846

23,3

5427

3,97

025

,768

1,33

131

,661

zz

205,

338

1985

962,

694

1,06

9,37

675

8,89

519

2,75

477

,910

873,

738

362,

673

128,

849

16,8

1947

4,70

484

,079

11,0

001,

402

93,6

7725

0,99

252

,006

23,7

5627

9,24

226

,335

899

34,8

15z

z19

5,63

719

861,

037,

963

1,13

3,64

082

9,32

519

1,35

787

,130

933,

552

402,

407

124,

360

21,9

9850

4,77

090

,484

11,2

512,

565

99,1

7027

6,41

655

,034

29,1

3630

2,31

426

,901

712

33,1

17z

z20

0,08

819

871,

046,

146

1,13

7,59

287

1,29

319

9,80

299

,390

971,

706

431,

064

128,

144

28,6

1553

0,59

392

,846

13,6

053,

210

103,

240

282,

124

57,3

0730

,052

309,

378

28,0

3474

737

,225

zz

165,

887

1988

1,06

1,10

71,

115,

170

884,

502

185,

679

119,

280

950,

900

434,

228

115,

816

39,3

0151

0,74

390

,524

11,4

054,

083

97,8

4628

7,40

057

,841

31,8

8831

3,35

228

,883

617

43,4

66z

z16

4,27

019

891,

051,

832

1,10

8,03

289

0,42

519

1,17

113

4,97

294

6,62

642

7,07

912

6,01

036

,374

516,

716

82,3

276,

484

5,51

183

,301

291,

610

57,9

0534

,416

315,

098

31,4

3235

642

,632

z15

,344

161,

407

1990

1,04

6,42

71,

088,

170

882,

188

172,

396

130,

652

923,

932

414,

407

107,

891

39,4

6248

2,83

580

,585

5,46

66,

185

79,8

6530

0,87

258

,783

36,5

9432

3,06

031

,828

209

38,1

67z

16,3

3016

4,23

919

911,

066,

039

1,09

1,21

686

0,11

816

2,20

813

7,03

288

5,29

639

8,64

410

2,50

135

,490

465,

654

71,7

704,

688

5,36

171

,097

305,

654

54,8

7442

,252

318,

276

31,2

0512

334

,071

z18

,774

205,

921

1992

1,02

3,06

71,

063,

380

861,

660

173,

081

132,

768

901,

974

395,

400

110,

732

30,8

1947

5,31

373

,307

5,66

56,

002

72,9

7031

2,40

756

,162

45,3

9032

3,18

030

,945

393

29,7

0312

919

,898

161,

407

1993

983,

035

1,05

5,50

484

4,62

119

3,84

712

1,37

891

7,09

039

0,42

312

6,72

228

,912

488,

232

73,2

565,

655

5,67

573

,236

307,

120

60,3

2140

,998

326,

442

29,2

8785

026

,057

300

18,4

7913

8,41

319

9498

3,46

81,

068,

166

858,

816

205,

930

121,

232

943,

514

401,

235

136,

405

27,4

2951

0,21

174

,756

5,31

44,

872

75,1

9831

5,77

462

,430

42,9

1433

5,29

022

,710

1,00

024

,311

781

20,0

3112

4,65

119

9599

6,96

41,

090,

086

875,

201

222,

518

129,

396

968,

324

388,

336

144,

130

26,1

8850

6,27

873

,766

6,07

15,

030

74,8

0634

4,27

270

,522

51,2

6836

3,52

621

,917

728

25,5

461,

067

21,3

6312

1,76

319

9697

7,93

21,

072,

306

868,

968

222,

879

128,

504

963,

342

395,

010

150,

885

25,6

9052

0,20

572

,550

5,50

54,

916

73,1

3933

4,58

364

,765

50,4

4434

8,90

419

,369

1,04

223

,877

682

23,5

7810

8,96

419

9798

3,28

21,

083,

250

887,

004

230,

084

130,

116

986,

972

408,

338

151,

489

26,4

0953

3,41

868

,713

6,46

75,

861

69,3

1934

5,55

270

,770

52,6

4436

3,67

818

,689

1,15

621

,724

202

23,9

8896

,278

1998

974,

635

1,11

3,15

688

2,20

824

4,11

611

1,80

21,

020,

730

408,

986

158,

044

20,0

7354

6,95

767

,999

7,40

03,

105

72,2

9434

6,61

276

,626

47,2

8438

2,15

617

,273

1,67

817

,917

372

23,4

2292

,427

1999

974,

555

1,12

1,80

888

2,52

525

0,90

811

0,39

81,

029,

798

426,

634

163,

306

23,2

0356

6,73

768

,399

8,55

43,

125

73,8

2832

9,00

775

,880

42,4

6036

9,58

216

,877

2,66

618

,464

502

23,1

4492

,030

2000

977,

072

1,12

3,91

288

5,21

026

1,98

711

6,32

21,

032,

050

418,

163

166,

679

24,6

4056

0,20

367

,208

8,71

42,

877

73,0

4633

3,04

781

,995

44,8

3437

7,58

416

,990

4,07

323

,901

525

20,0

7291

,860

2001

935,

978

1,10

0,36

684

4,23

226

6,10

810

3,15

61,

008,

562

399,

359

170,

307

20,3

5354

9,31

361

,637

9,94

52,

186

69,3

9732

1,82

581

,429

42,8

6636

7,57

218

,097

4,15

722

,821

270

14,9

3291

,804

2002

r92

3,32

21,

100,

775

837,

238

275,

890

98,4

371,

014,

691

408,

705

178,

645

20,3

1156

7,03

960

,445

12,6

191,

945

71,1

1931

7,44

579

,536

43,5

1735

3,46

517

,978

4,86

222

,000

227

10,7

0286

,084

2003

922,

521

1,12

2,11

283

6,72

128

6,54

886

,957

1,03

6,31

140

2,64

218

0,83

419

,656

563,

821

59,5

7113

,588

1,98

171

,177

327,

586

86,9

7036

,408

378,

148

18,0

104,

506

20,1

5164

98,

761

85,8

0120

0489

2,98

11,

118,

413

805,

764

307,

273

81,8

401,

031,

197

428,

321

209,

787

19,6

9361

8,41

561

,260

20,0

582,

423

78,8

9426

7,95

071

,822

29,5

0031

0,27

218

,010

4,10

920

,713

1,49

89,

511

87,2

1620

0590

5,22

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134,

999

817,

442

313,

016

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421,

047,

216

434,

974

212,

054

20,4

8462

6,54

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202,

117

79,4

7027

5,03

872

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31,6

8731

5,40

518

,010

6,37

719

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1,41

19,

411

87,7

8320

0687

9,69

91,

084,

518

799,

958

288,

594

83,7

751,

004,

777

425,

048

193,

385

22,0

8859

6,34

655

,993

19,2

171,

966

73,2

4427

6,72

169

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31,9

6731

4,38

114

,442

5,30

319

,183

1,06

18,

572

79,7

4120

0786

1,02

21,

010,

492

776,

796

240,

299

90,8

2992

6,26

639

1,97

615

5,32

120

,338

526,

959

50,8

6614

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2,28

263

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287,

740

65,8

7636

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316,

863

14,7

593,

784

19,8

2836

811

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84,2

2620

0876

8,79

985

0,31

468

0,08

817

8,40

796

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761,

603

305,

552

107,

278

19,5

2939

3,30

142

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10,4

082,

568

50,0

4628

4,93

758

,562

42,4

7830

1,02

015

,076

1,99

117

,746

168

14,5

7088

,711

2009

695,

510

739,

970

602,

313

133,

413

88,9

5364

6,77

325

9,18

376

,309

16,3

2031

9,17

334

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8,27

01,

927

41,2

5226

3,51

347

,789

41,3

9126

9,91

015

,393

948

18,2

4097

11,0

7493

,197

2010

721,

008

755,

025

623,

326

140,

930

106,

913

657,

342

258,

786

80,5

0722

,019

317,

275

37,0

879,

107

3,13

343

,062

275,

413

49,8

6145

,433

279,

841

15,7

101,

142

23,0

2731

313

,302

97,6

8220

1175

8,36

177

8,25

665

6,19

413

9,85

711

9,96

267

6,08

828

3,47

979

,475

25,7

1733

7,23

736

,856

9,41

82,

959

43,3

1527

8,75

349

,579

50,2

0927

8,12

416

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1,05

027

,455

335

13,6

2310

2,16

820

1278

8,81

681

6,63

868

2,21

914

5,20

511

7,38

271

0,04

229

5,56

783

,801

26,3

0535

3,06

338

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9,97

13,

246

45,1

8028

8,16

149

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48,9

0928

8,75

321

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1,59

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335

14,4

8110

6,59

720

1382

1,59

585

0,95

971

0,57

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0,73

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1,37

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9,93

431

7,56

196

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29,4

0438

4,59

739

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11,5

863,

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48,3

3128

6,99

351

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58,8

9927

9,15

026

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,248

170

13,7

3411

1,02

520

1484

9,06

789

5,27

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6,66

313

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9,81

933

9,52

510

8,45

930

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417,

139

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5211

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2,60

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284,

070

54,8

7057

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281,

412

31,2

851,

256

25,1

6723

614

,315

115,

454

2015

863,

147

922,

193

743,

265

184,

444

125,

399

802,

310

343,

469

118,

785

27,8

7443

4,37

938

,948

13,8

432,

217

50,5

7428

6,32

449

,955

57,1

5427

9,12

536

,370

1,63

920

,548

223

17,6

0511

9,88

320

1687

9,18

295

8,38

375

4,87

020

4,72

512

5,52

383

4,07

234

7,87

513

7,39

929

,827

455,

448

39,8

3814

,872

2,41

952

,292

288,

791

50,7

3956

,369

283,

161

41,4

561,

368

22,0

8334

614

,827

124,

312

2017

901,

422

969,

824

772,

682

199,

483

131,

081

841,

084

358,

937

131,

837

32,8

5345

7,92

141

,305

16,1

442,

677

54,7

7228

7,73

849

,567

57,3

9127

9,91

446

,542

1,80

222

,274

134

15,8

8512

8,74

0a U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

ores

t Ser

vice

(22)

; U.S

. Int

erna

tiona

l Tra

de C

omm

issi

on (8

6); d

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing;

dat

a ha

ve b

een

revi

sed.

b Incl

udes

pul

pwoo

d an

d th

e pu

lpwo

od e

quiv

alen

t of w

ood

pulp

and

pap

er a

nd b

oard

.c In

clud

es c

oope

rage

logs

, pol

es a

nd p

iling,

fenc

e po

sts,

hew

n tie

s, ro

und

min

e tim

bers

, box

bol

ts, e

xcel

sior

bol

ts, c

hem

ical

woo

d, s

hing

le b

olts

, and

mis

cella

neou

s ite

ms.

d Prio

r to

1989

, pul

pwoo

d ch

ips

are

not i

nclu

ded

in to

tal p

rodu

ctio

n.e Pr

ior t

o 20

00, P

ulpw

ood

Logs

are

not

incl

uded

in L

ogs.

z Not A

vaila

ble.

r Revi

sed


30

Tabl

e 6a

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

sof

twoo

d tim

ber

prod

ucts

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(mill

ion

cubi

c fe

et, r

ound

woo

d eq

uiva

lent

)a

Indu

stria

l rou

ndwo

od u

seO

ther

Fuel

-in

dust

rial

wood

All p

rodu

cts

Tota

lLu

mbe

rPl

ywoo

d an

d ve

neer

Pulp

wood

-bas

ed p

rodu

cts

prod

ucts

,Lo

gse

Pulp

wood

chi

pdpr

oduc

-

prod

uctio

ntio

n an

dPr

oduc

- Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-an

d co

n-Im

- Ex

-Im

-Ex

-co

n-Ye

artio

ntio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtsb

ports

btio

nsu

mpt

ionc

ports

ports

ports

ports

sum

ptio

n19

658,

506

9,34

08,

319

1,29

746

29,

154

4,58

377

112

75,

226

945

142

957

2,31

351

015

52,

668

300

217

8z

z18

719

668,

663

9,46

18,

476

1,32

252

49,

274

4,51

475

314

25,

125

990

174

1,00

32,

451

546

168

2,82

931

07

210

zz

187

1967

8,62

49,

272

8,43

21,

296

648

9,08

04,

408

756

157

5,00

798

116

699

12,

458

518

184

2,79

128

55

300

zz

192

1968

9,17

09,

856

8,97

21,

464

777

9,65

84,

583

915

171

5,32

71,

111

255

1,13

12,

602

518

206

2,91

428

15

396

zz

198

1969

9,18

19,

930

8,98

31,

535

787

9,73

24,

437

923

168

5,19

11,

035

2915

1,04

92,

812

577

233

3,15

533

07

371

zz

198

1970

9,97

910

,678

9,75

21,

652

953

10,4

504,

838

1,02

120

35,

656

1,08

227

91,

099

3,05

258

731

33,

326

353

1742

7z

z22

819

719,

621

10,5

689,

405

1,71

076

410

,352

4,70

21,

138

154

5,68

61,

253

337

1,27

82,

760

530

245

3,04

533

49

357

zz

216

1972

9,85

510

,876

9,63

21,

945

924

10,6

544,

849

1,41

319

66,

067

1,37

942

171,

404

2,62

348

922

52,

887

294

248

7z

z22

219

739,

942

10,8

539,

731

1,95

71,

046

10,6

424,

947

1,42

128

56,

082

1,37

434

311,

377

2,60

350

121

02,

894

287

152

0z

z21

119

749,

532

10,2

879,

301

1,74

498

810

,056

4,63

01,

149

274

5,50

61,

190

2241

1,17

12,

823

565

270

3,11

825

57

404

zz

230

1975

9,06

49,

551

8,84

41,

438

951

9,33

14,

602

992

251

5,34

31,

198

2559

1,16

42,

393

409

225

2,57

723

511

416

zz

220

1976

9,59

610

,305

9,38

11,

754

1,04

610

,089

4,62

41,

248

261

5,61

11,

382

3254

1,36

02,

630

463

225

2,86

824

011

505

zz

216

1977

9,89

911

,090

9,70

92,

141

950

10,9

004,

966

1,63

223

76,

361

1,46

031

221,

469

2,56

645

621

42,

808

240

2247

7z

z19

019

7810

,185

11,6

139,

900

2,41

799

011

,328

5,00

91,

862

227

6,64

41,

495

3722

1,50

92,

629

505

212

2,92

224

013

528

zz

285

1979

10,5

0611

,675

10,0

962,

348

1,17

911

,265

4,87

71,

742

293

6,32

51,

452

2930

1,45

12,

920

558

253

3,22

524

519

603

zz

410

1980

9,55

610

,402

8,98

12,

057

1,21

19,

827

4,01

11,

473

321

5,16

31,

187

1827

1,17

83,

041

547

365

3,22

324

518

497

zz

575

1981

9,19

110

,127

8,60

11,

996

1,06

09,

537

3,83

91,

446

314

4,97

11,

200

2149

1,17

22,

937

514

317

3,13

424

514

380

zz

590

1982

9,00

09,

860

8,38

01,

958

1,09

89,

240

3,72

61,

442

269

4,89

81,

125

2532

1,11

82,

782

476

298

2,96

024

816

498

zz

620

1983

10,1

1011

,356

9,51

52,

405

1,15

910

,761

4,57

71,

856

285

6,14

81,

379

3941

1,37

72,

767

488

291

2,96

424

923

542

zz

595

1984

10,3

5111

,886

9,71

62,

633

1,09

811

,251

4,71

52,

022

262

6,47

61,

390

3626

1,40

12,

821

555

271

3,10

525

019

539

zz

635

1985

10,3

3412

,046

9,72

92,

830

1,11

811

,441

4,71

32,

212

232

6,69

21,

392

4622

1,41

52,

772

561

267

3,06

625

611

597

zz

605

1986

11,2

0912

,765

10,5

912,

782

1,22

712

,146

5,25

92,

135

301

7,09

31,

501

4742

1,50

73,

011

591

321

3,28

125

78

562

zz

619

1987

11,7

4813

,221

11,2

352,

879

1,40

612

,708

5,62

92,

174

379

7,42

41,

537

6253

1,54

63,

158

632

341

3,44

927

711

633

zz

513

1988

11,7

9612

,829

11,2

882,

683

1,65

012

,321

5,60

31,

992

491

7,10

41,

497

5166

1,48

23,

182

631

358

3,45

627

09

735

zz

508

1989

11,7

1112

,692

11,1

692,

828

1,84

712

,150

5,42

32,

164

498

7,08

91,

357

3090

1,29

63,

223

628

386

3,46

529

43

719

315

454

219

9011

,520

12,1

7110

,968

2,53

71,

886

11,6

205,

154

1,86

555

56,

464

1,32

826

101

1,25

33,

376

644

417

3,60

329

82

639

017

455

119

9111

,386

12,0

3810

,694

2,40

51,

753

11,3

475,

078

1,77

347

36,

378

1,17

823

831,

118

3,43

360

848

33,

558

292

155

60

157

691

1992

11,0

3911

,988

10,4

982,

545

1,59

611

,446

4,97

91,

910

382

6,50

71,

209

2991

1,14

73,

436

599

509

3,52

626

06

489

112

554

219

9310

,457

11,8

759,

992

2,84

01,

422

11,4

114,

752

2,18

334

36,

592

1,20

529

881,

146

3,26

161

144

33,

430

225

1442

24

127

465

1994

10,6

2712

,276

10,2

093,

018

1,36

911

,858

4,91

62,

344

309

6,95

11,

219

2775

1,17

23,

336

622

460

3,49

821

315

387

913

841

819

9510

,518

12,3

0710

,166

3,22

41,

435

11,9

554,

645

2,48

327

86,

850

1,19

531

771,

149

3,58

068

653

93,

727

205

940

814

132

352

1996

10,4

7312

,359

10,1

583,

262

1,37

612

,044

4,79

12,

599

264

7,12

61,

176

3075

1,13

03,

507

613

534

3,58

718

113

381

712

231

519

9710

,619

12,5

5410

,340

3,30

71,

371

12,2

764,

994

2,59

625

37,

337

1,10

535

921,

048

3,58

966

154

83,

701

175

1333

21

146

278

1998

10,6

2912

,976

10,3

193,

468

1,12

012

,666

4,99

52,

695

170

7,52

01,

089

4346

1,08

53,

661

702

493

3,87

116

224

263

514

931

019

9910

,637

13,0

8610

,328

3,54

11,

093

12,7

775,

272

2,76

620

47,

834

1,09

253

461,

099

3,39

468

043

03,

644

158

4126

61

146

309

2000

10,6

3613

,139

10,3

273,

673

1,17

012

,830

5,18

02,

805

209

7,77

61,

063

5843

1,07

83,

465

746

459

3,75

315

962

330

112

930

820

0110

,261

12,9

829,

953

3,76

31,

042

12,6

744,

981

2,89

514

77,

729

939

7331

982

3,33

273

143

73,

626

272

6430

71

121

308

2002

10,3

1013

,194

10,0

213,

895

1,01

112

,905

5,16

13,

026

146

8,04

094

795

271,

016

3,25

269

944

73,

504

269

7527

91

112

289

2003

10,5

2113

,630

10,2

334,

043

934

13,3

425,

273

3,05

514

58,

183

933

117

261,

024

3,48

580

139

03,

896

169

6926

21

111

288

2004

10,5

4914

,138

10,2

574,

474

885

13,8

455,

628

3,53

112

59,

033

957

176

311,

102

3,12

770

135

33,

476

169

6225

63

120

293

2005

10,7

0114

,318

10,4

064,

541

924

14,0

245,

728

3,55

713

69,

149

943

197

261,

113

3,18

168

737

63,

492

169

9725

73

128

295

2006

10,4

5313

,761

10,1

854,

225

917

13,4

935,

578

3,28

214

18,

718

876

165

261,

015

3,23

069

138

33,

537

135

8526

12

106

268

2007

10,1

1212

,588

9,83

03,

522

1,04

712

,305

5,06

42,

652

150

7,56

679

311

433

874

3,41

769

344

73,

664

138

6226

81

149

283

2008

9,16

510

,607

8,86

82,

607

1,16

510

,309

4,20

41,

831

180

5,85

565

280

3769

53,

444

665

522

3,58

814

130

244

018

229

820

098,

041

8,84

37,

728

1,92

11,

118

8,53

03,

350

1,28

114

94,

483

536

6428

572

3,28

356

252

73,

317

144

1426

30

152

313

2010

8,56

39,

240

8,23

52,

029

1,35

28,

912

3,57

51,

369

201

4,74

357

461

4658

83,

408

583

574

3,41

714

716

332

119

932

820

119,

015

9,46

38,

672

2,00

41,

557

9,12

03,

856

1,34

324

74,

952

568

6443

588

3,47

058

263

73,

414

150

1541

91

210

343

2012

9,43

710

,039

9,07

92,

103

1,50

09,

681

4,07

21,

426

235

5,26

359

164

4960

73,

633

590

631

3,59

219

822

365

122

135

820

139,

771

10,4

469,

399

2,35

71,

682

10,0

734,

320

1,64

126

45,

697

611

7846

643

3,61

061

976

03,

468

245

1940

80

204

373

2014

10,0

1710

,973

9,63

02,

578

1,62

310

,585

4,53

71,

838

257

6,11

960

082

4064

23,

634

642

760

3,51

529

316

374

119

238

820

1510

,118

11,3

349,

715

2,75

41,

538

10,9

314,

614

2,01

323

26,

396

591

103

3366

23,

654

616

757

3,51

334

020

294

122

140

220

1610

,343

11,9

129,

925

3,12

91,

560

11,4

954,

687

2,35

523

86,

805

601

126

3669

13,

719

631

756

3,59

438

816

316

121

441

720

1710

,613

12,0

5610

,181

3,05

01,

607

11,6

244,

882

2,26

625

26,

896

624

155

3974

13,

692

614

769

3,53

743

614

317

023

043

2a U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

ores

t Ser

vice

(22)

; U.S

. Int

erna

tiona

l Tra

de C

omm

issi

on (8

6); d

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing;

dat

a ha

ve b

een

revi

sed.

b Incl

udes

pul

pwoo

d an

d th

e pu

lpwo

od e

quiv

alen

t of w

ood

pulp

and

pap

er a

nd b

oard

.c In

clud

es c

oope

rage

logs

, pol

es a

nd p

iling,

fenc

e po

sts,

hew

n tie

s, ro

und

min

e tim

bers

, box

bol

ts, e

xcel

sior

bol

ts, c

hem

ical

woo

d, s

hing

le b

olts

, and

mis

cella

neou

s ite

ms.

d Prio

r to

1989

, pul

pwoo

d ch

ips

are

not i

nclu

ded

in to

tal p

rodu

ctio

n.e Pr

ior t

o 20

00, P

ulpw

ood

Logs

are

not

incl

uded

in L

ogs.

z Not A

vaila

ble.


31

Tabl

e 6b

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

sof

twoo

d tim

ber

prod

ucts

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(tho

usan

d cu

bic

met

ers,

rou

ndw

ood

equi

vale

nt)a In

dust

rial r

ound

wood

use

Oth

erFu

el-

indu

stria

lwo

odAl

l pro

duct

sTo

tal

Lum

ber

Plyw

ood

and

vene

erPu

lpwo

od-b

ased

pro

duct

spr

oduc

ts,

Logs

ePu

lpwo

od c

hipd

prod

uc-

pr

oduc

tion

tion

and

Prod

uc-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

- Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

and

con-

Im-

Ex -

Im-

Ex -

con-

Year

tion

tion

tion

ports

ports

tion

tion

ports

ports

tion

tion

ports

ports

tion

tion

ports

bpo

rtsb

tion

sum

ptio

ncpo

rtspo

rtspo

rtspo

rtssu

mpt

ion

1965

240,

852

264,

494

235,

561

36,7

2913

,087

259,

204

129,

769

21,8

243,

598

147,

994

26,7

6539

665

27,0

9765

,488

14,4

484,

380

75,5

578,

495

615,

044

zz

5,29

119

6624

5,31

026

7,90

824

0,00

937

,435

14,8

3826

2,60

712

7,81

521

,326

4,02

014

5,12

028

,048

469

103

28,4

1369

,409

15,4

484,

755

80,1

038,

778

193

5,95

9z

z5,

301

1967

244,

210

262,

556

238,

777

36,6

9418

,348

257,

123

124,

829

21,4

104,

452

141,

788

27,7

8446

518

128

,068

69,6

0114

,665

5,22

379

,043

8,07

015

48,

493

zz

5,43

319

6825

9,65

627

9,09

425

4,05

941

,446

22,0

0827

3,49

712

9,77

225

,902

4,83

715

0,83

731

,448

716

139

32,0

2573

,669

14,6

775,

830

82,5

167,

968

150

11,2

02z

z5,

597

1969

259,

988

281,

178

254,

381

43,4

6222

,272

275,

571

125,

632

26,1

334,

762

147,

003

29,3

0480

842

229

,691

79,6

1816

,331

6,59

789

,353

9,33

518

910

,492

zz

5,60

719

7028

2,58

730

2,37

427

6,13

946

,778

26,9

9129

5,92

713

6,98

528

,922

5,76

116

0,14

730

,627

759

259

31,1

2786

,432

16,6

158,

867

94,1

799,

992

482

12,1

03z

z6,

448

1971

272,

441

299,

245

266,

327

48,4

3621

,632

293,

130

133,

148

32,2

374,

369

161,

016

35,4

7094

321

236

,201

78,1

6115

,003

6,95

186

,213

9,44

825

210

,100

zz

6,11

519

7227

9,05

830

7,97

427

2,76

055

,090

26,1

7430

1,67

613

7,31

840

,022

5,53

917

1,80

239

,039

1,17

647

139

,743

74,2

8513

,841

6,36

081

,765

8,31

451

13,8

04z

z6,

298

1973

281,

514

307,

313

275,

553

55,4

2029

,621

301,

352

140,

075

40,2

318,

077

172,

229

38,9

1795

087

338

,994

73,6

9714

,200

5,94

081

,957

8,13

339

14,7

31z

z5,

961

1974

269,

909

291,

289

263,

383

49,3

7127

,991

284,

762

131,

105

32,5

487,

749

155,

904

33,6

9661

41,

158

33,1

5379

,940

16,0

017,

653

88,2

887,

210

207

11,4

31z

z6,

527

1975

256,

670

270,

457

250,

426

40,7

1426

,926

264,

213

130,

302

28,1

027,

109

151,

294

33,9

2672

21,

678

32,9

7067

,764

11,5

806,

360

72,9

846,

654

310

11,7

79z

z6,

244

1976

271,

742

291,

801

265,

632

49,6

6429

,606

285,

691

130,

945

35,3

457,

402

158,

889

39,1

3789

41,

533

38,4

9774

,461

13,1

206,

377

81,2

046,

796

305

14,2

94z

z6,

110

1977

280,

305

314,

032

274,

925

60,6

3026

,904

308,

652

140,

612

46,2

196,

717

180,

114

41,3

5686

963

241

,593

72,6

6212

,911

6,05

779

,516

6,79

663

213

,498

zz

5,38

019

7828

8,41

732

8,84

528

0,34

768

,453

28,0

2632

0,77

514

1,83

252

,739

6,43

918

8,13

242

,320

1,05

163

642

,735

74,4

5814

,305

6,01

082

,754

6,79

635

814

,940

zz

8,07

019

7929

7,50

733

0,60

628

5,89

766

,493

33,3

9431

8,99

613

8,09

149

,332

8,31

117

9,11

141

,110

819

843

41,0

8682

,690

15,8

077,

172

91,3

256,

938

536

17,0

68z

z11

,610

1980

270,

602

294,

557

254,

320

58,2

4434

,289

278,

275

113,

592

41,7

169,

098

146,

209

33,6

0651

777

333

,350

86,1

0215

,495

10,3

3591

,262

6,93

851

714

,083

zz

16,2

8219

8126

0,26

428

6,75

524

3,55

756

,519

30,0

2827

0,04

810

8,72

240

,950

8,89

714

0,77

533

,971

607

1,39

433

,183

83,1

6014

,565

8,97

088

,755

6,93

839

710

,767

zz

16,7

0719

8225

4,83

927

9,19

223

7,28

255

,443

31,0

9026

1,63

510

5,49

640

,822

7,62

013

8,69

831

,864

707

910

31,6

6178

,792

13,4

668,

451

83,8

077,

021

448

14,1

09z

z17

,557

1983

286,

296

321,

579

269,

447

68,1

0732

,824

304,

730

129,

618

52,5

618,

075

174,

104

39,0

621,

092

1,15

039

,004

78,3

5213

,810

8,24

183

,921

7,05

764

515

,358

zz

16,8

4919

8429

3,09

933

6,57

227

5,11

874

,555

31,0

8231

8,59

113

3,52

657

,270

7,42

418

3,37

139

,371

1,03

073

039

,670

79,8

7415

,726

7,66

687

,934

7,08

652

915

,262

zz

17,9

8119

8529

2,61

634

1,10

027

5,48

580

,141

31,6

5832

3,96

813

3,44

562

,631

6,57

118

9,50

539

,408

1,29

062

840

,070

78,4

8515

,899

7,55

586

,830

7,24

232

116

,904

zz

17,1

3219

8631

7,41

936

1,45

529

9,89

778

,776

34,7

4034

3,93

314

8,92

360

,469

8,53

620

0,85

642

,513

1,33

01,

176

42,6

6785

,272

16,7

429,

103

92,9

117,

263

236

15,9

26z

z17

,522

1987

332,

674

374,

382

318,

148

81,5

1239

,805

359,

855

159,

408

61,5

5010

,727

210,

232

43,5

341,

747

1,49

643

,785

89,4

2017

,903

9,64

597

,677

7,84

931

117

,936

zz

14,5

2719

8833

4,02

936

3,28

031

9,64

475

,982

46,7

3134

8,89

515

8,66

656

,404

13,9

1220

1,15

842

,399

1,44

51,

869

41,9

7590

,115

17,8

7910

,139

97,8

547,

654

253

20,8

10z

z14

,385

1989

331,

625

359,

391

316,

282

80,0

7552

,309

344,

048

153,

563

61,2

8114

,116

200,

729

38,4

2684

22,

556

36,7

1291

,266

17,7

8110

,940

98,1

088,

329

9520

,350

754,

347

15,3

4319

9032

6,20

634

4,64

231

0,59

471

,840

53,4

0432

9,03

014

5,95

552

,802

15,7

2218

3,03

637

,600

732

2,85

135

,482

95,5

8918

,243

11,8

1610

2,01

68,

435

5818

,089

34,

927

15,6

1219

9132

2,41

034

0,88

130

2,83

568

,099

49,6

2832

1,30

714

3,79

450

,213

13,3

9918

0,60

833

,366

645

2,36

031

,650

97,2

0117

,205

13,6

6310

0,74

28,

269

3415

,752

24,

453

19,5

7419

9231

2,60

133

9,46

929

7,25

872

,054

45,1

8632

4,12

614

0,98

654

,084

10,8

1818

4,25

334

,237

822

2,58

232

,477

97,2

9616

,948

14,4

0299

,842

7,35

416

713

,837

333,

548

15,3

4319

9329

6,10

933

6,27

428

2,95

280

,432

40,2

6732

3,11

713

4,56

361

,814

9,70

218

6,67

534

,108

813

2,48

032

,441

92,3

5017

,298

12,5

3297

,116

6,37

838

811

,955

119

3,59

813

,157

1994

300,

929

347,

628

289,

080

85,4

6538

,766

335,

779

139,

219

66,3

818,

764

196,

836

34,5

2877

42,

116

33,1

8694

,454

17,6

2613

,024

99,0

556,

018

427

10,9

6025

73,

901

11,8

4919

9529

7,83

834

8,49

728

7,87

291

,296

40,6

3733

8,53

113

1,53

970

,317

7,87

819

3,97

833

,845

891

2,18

932

,547

101,

385

19,4

3715

,275

105,

547

5,80

824

711

,560

404

3,73

59,

966

1996

296,

563

349,

975

287,

644

92,3

6338

,951

341,

057

135,

677

73,5

847,

469

201,

792

33,2

9384

32,

134

32,0

0299

,310

17,3

7115

,115

101,

566

5,13

337

910

,791

186

3,44

18,

919

1997

300,

692

355,

496

292,

811

93,6

3738

,832

347,

616

141,

404

73,5

187,

166

207,

756

31,2

8199

42,

597

29,6

7910

1,63

018

,708

15,5

2510

4,81

24,

953

381

9,41

236

4,13

27,

880

1998

300,

979

367,

446

292,

193

98,1

9431

,726

358,

660

141,

448

76,3

144,

806

212,

956

30,8

251,

206

1,30

130

,730

103,

672

19,8

8013

,949

109,

604

4,57

766

67,

457

128

4,21

48,

786

1999

301,

218

370,

543

292,

470

100,

263

30,9

3836

1,79

514

9,29

878

,317

5,77

022

1,84

530

,923

1,50

81,

315

31,1

1696

,094

19,2

4912

,170

103,

173

4,47

21,

152

7,54

237

4,14

08,

748

2000

304,

075

372,

045

295,

343

104,

000

33,5

4836

3,31

314

6,68

779

,419

5,90

722

0,19

930

,104

1,63

71,

219

30,5

2298

,132

21,1

3612

,987

106,

281

4,50

21,

768

9,35

739

3,64

68,

732

2001

293,

328

367,

612

284,

601

106,

550

29,9

2635

8,88

514

1,05

481

,968

4,15

021

8,87

226

,603

2,06

386

727

,798

94,3

6020

,695

12,3

6710

2,68

87,

702

1,80

78,

701

173,

430

8,72

720

0229

7,02

537

8,82

628

8,84

211

0,86

429

,064

370,

643

146,

141

85,6

794,

141

227,

680

26,8

162,

594

757

28,6

5392

,095

20,4

5713

,078

102,

143

7,63

02,

111

7,90

423

3,18

58,

183

2003

297,

911

385,

950

289,

755

114,

485

26,4

4637

7,79

414

9,30

686

,503

4,10

223

1,70

626

,416

3,30

572

928

,992

98,6

9622

,684

11,0

5111

0,33

04,

773

1,95

17,

414

423,

150

8,15

620

0429

8,73

040

0,35

029

0,43

912

6,69

025

,070

392,

059

159,

358

99,9

873,

548

255,

797

27,1

034,

985

881

31,2

0788

,557

19,8

609,

992

98,4

254,

773

1,76

17,

236

973,

412

8,29

120

0530

3,01

440

5,45

029

4,66

912

8,59

926

,163

397,

105

162,

196

100,

723

3,85

825

9,06

126

,702

5,57

274

831

,527

90,0

8919

,452

10,6

4998

,893

4,77

32,

760

7,27

991

3,63

08,

344

2006

295,

996

389,

656

288,

416

119,

636

25,9

7638

2,07

615

7,94

492

,928

3,99

224

6,87

924

,802

4,67

174

228

,732

91,4

6119

,569

10,8

5910

0,17

03,

827

2,39

97,

386

692,

996

7,58

020

0728

6,35

435

6,44

727

8,34

899

,743

29,6

5134

8,44

114

3,41

175

,090

4,24

921

4,25

222

,445

3,24

093

024

,756

96,7

5919

,633

12,6

5010

3,74

23,

911

1,75

67,

589

244,

233

8,00

620

0825

9,53

930

0,35

525

1,10

673

,812

32,9

9529

1,92

211

9,04

951

,857

5,10

416

5,80

118

,466

2,25

81,

045

19,6

7997

,538

18,8

3914

,787

101,

590

3,99

584

76,

901

115,

158

8,43

320

0922

7,68

525

0,41

121

8,82

654

,398

31,6

7224

1,55

294

,868

36,2

734,

208

126,

933

15,1

721,

809

791

16,1

8992

,964

15,9

0314

,930

93,9

374,

079

407

7,44

86

4,29

58,

859

2010

242,

481

261,

645

233,

195

57,4

5638

,291

252,

360

101,

230

38,7

705,

691

134,

309

16,2

571,

723

1,31

616

,665

96,5

0516

,496

16,2

4596

,756

4,16

344

69,

393

205,

647

9,28

520

1125

5,28

526

7,95

324

5,57

456

,753

44,0

8525

8,24

110

9,18

138

,041

6,99

514

0,22

816

,083

1,80

91,

231

16,6

6298

,251

16,4

7118

,050

96,6

724,

247

411

11,8

7722

5,93

49,

712

2012

267,

217

284,

283

257,

085

59,5

4342

,477

274,

150

115,

299

40,3

836,

648

149,

034

16,7

401,

825

1,38

217

,183

102,

865

16,6

9717

,862

101,

701

5,59

561

510

,329

226,

256

10,1

3320

1327

6,69

229

5,79

226

6,13

866

,741

47,6

4128

5,23

912

2,33

046

,469

7,48

716

1,31

117

,311

2,20

11,

298

18,2

1510

2,22

317

,516

21,5

2498

,215

6,94

354

411

,548

115,

784

10,5

5420

1428

3,66

331

0,72

127

2,68

873

,007

45,9

5029

9,74

612

8,47

252

,053

7,26

717

3,25

817

,002

2,31

21,

125

18,1

8810

2,89

918

,180

21,5

3299

,547

8,29

044

710

,579

155,

446

10,9

7520

1528

6,49

832

0,93

527

5,10

277

,982

43,5

4630

9,53

913

0,66

157

,014

6,57

118

1,10

416

,743

2,92

793

318

,737

103,

465

17,4

5321

,446

99,4

729,

638

573

8,32

614

6,27

011

,396

2016

292,

877

337,

318

281,

060

88,6

0844

,167

325,

501

132,

726

66,6

926,

730

192,

688

17,0

253,

562

1,01

519

,571

105,

322

17,8

6521

,421

101,

767

10,9

8646

68,

937

226,

064

11,8

1720

1730

0,52

634

1,39

628

8,28

886

,373

45,5

0432

9,15

813

8,23

864

,170

7,12

919

5,27

917

,673

4,40

01,

099

20,9

7510

4,54

017

,386

21,7

7210

0,15

312

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409

8,97

99

6,52

512

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a U.S.

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173,

468

1,05

118

,134

2,03

913

1,11

0z

z1,

270

1966

55,9

1859

,835

54,6

468,

549

3,36

059

,835

28,1

194,

692

884

31,9

266,

451

108

246,

535

16,6

583,

708

1,14

119

,225

2,10

742

1,31

1z

z1,

272

1967

55,6

6658

,590

54,3

628,

371

4,14

358

,590

27,4

624,

710

979

31,1

936,

390

107

426,

456

16,7

043,

520

1,25

318

,970

1,93

734

1,86

9z

z1,

304

1968

59,1

8362

,299

57,8

409,

419

4,96

062

,299

28,5

505,

698

1,06

433

,184

7,23

316

532

7,36

617

,680

3,52

31,

399

19,8

041,

912

332,

465

zz

1,34

319

6959

,382

62,8

9658

,036

9,89

65,

036

62,8

9627

,639

5,74

91,

048

32,3

416,

740

186

976,

829

19,1

083,

920

1,58

321

,445

2,24

042

2,30

8z

z1,

346

1970

64,5

3367

,499

62,9

8510

,631

6,11

867

,499

30,1

376,

363

1,26

735

,232

7,04

417

560

7,15

920

,744

3,98

72,

128

22,6

032,

398

106

2,66

3z

z1,

547

1971

62,1

6666

,764

60,6

9910

,965

4,90

066

,764

29,2

937,

092

961

35,4

238,

158

217

498,

326

18,7

593,

601

1,66

820

,691

2,26

756

2,22

2z

z1,

468

1972

63,5

6168

,568

62,0

5012

,408

5,89

068

,568

30,2

108,

805

1,21

837

,796

8,97

927

110

89,

141

17,8

283,

322

1,52

719

,624

1,99

511

3,03

7z

z1,

512

1973

64,0

7868

,489

62,6

4712

,486

6,64

468

,489

30,8

178,

851

1,77

737

,890

8,95

121

920

18,

969

17,6

873,

408

1,42

619

,670

1,95

28

3,24

1z

z1,

431

1974

61,5

9164

,889

60,0

2411

,188

6,32

364

,889

28,8

437,

161

1,70

534

,299

7,75

014

126

67,

625

19,1

863,

840

1,83

721

,189

1,73

145

2,51

5z

z1,

566

1975

58,4

2060

,049

56,9

219,

196

6,06

860

,049

28,6

666,

182

1,56

433

,285

7,80

316

638

67,

583

16,2

632,

779

1,52

617

,516

1,59

768

2,59

1z

z1,

499

1976

61,9

2264

,997

60,4

5611

,197

6,65

664

,997

28,8

087,

776

1,62

834

,955

9,00

120

635

38,

854

17,8

713,

149

1,53

119

,489

1,63

167

3,14

5z

z1,

466

1977

63,7

7870

,046

62,4

8613

,606

6,04

670

,046

30,9

3510

,168

1,47

839

,625

9,51

220

014

59,

566

17,4

393,

099

1,45

419

,084

1,63

113

92,

970

zz

1,29

119

7865

,662

72,7

8963

,725

15,3

566,

292

72,7

8931

,203

11,6

021,

417

41,3

899,

734

242

146

9,82

917

,870

3,43

31,

442

19,8

611,

631

793,

287

zz

1,93

719

7967

,887

72,5

5565

,101

14,9

537,

499

72,5

5530

,380

10,8

531,

828

39,4

059,

455

188

194

9,45

019

,846

3,79

41,

721

21,9

181,

665

118

3,75

5z

z2,

786

1980

62,0

5563

,518

58,1

4713

,129

7,75

863

,518

24,9

909,

177

2,00

232

,166

7,72

911

917

87,

670

20,6

643,

719

2,48

021

,903

1,66

511

43,

098

zz

3,90

819

8159

,734

61,6

5655

,724

12,7

316,

800

61,6

5623

,919

9,00

91,

957

30,9

707,

813

140

321

7,63

219

,958

3,49

62,

153

21,3

011,

665

872,

369

zz

4,01

019

8258

,451

59,6

9354

,237

12,4

747,

018

59,6

9323

,209

8,98

11,

676

30,5

147,

329

163

209

7,28

218

,910

3,23

22,

028

20,1

141,

685

983,

104

zz

4,21

419

8365

,421

69,2

5061

,377

15,2

717,

398

69,2

5028

,516

11,5

631,

776

38,3

038,

984

251

265

8,97

118

,805

3,31

41,

978

20,1

411,

694

142

3,37

9z

z4,

044

1984

66,9

7472

,387

62,6

5916

,727

6,99

972

,387

29,3

7612

,599

1,63

340

,342

9,05

523

716

89,

124

19,1

703,

774

1,84

021

,104

1,70

111

63,

358

zz

4,31

619

8566

,827

73,5

5562

,715

17,9

627,

122

73,5

5529

,358

13,7

791,

446

41,6

919,

064

297

144

9,21

618

,836

3,81

61,

813

20,8

391,

738

713,

719

zz

4,11

219

8672

,458

78,0

9668

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17,6

797,

837

78,0

9632

,763

13,3

031,

878

44,1

889,

778

306

270

9,81

320

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4,01

82,

185

22,2

991,

743

523,

504

zz

4,20

519

8775

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81,7

1672

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18,3

088,

965

81,7

1635

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13,5

412,

360

46,2

5110

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402

344

10,0

7121

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4,29

72,

315

23,4

431,

884

683,

946

zz

3,48

619

8876

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79,2

8772

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17,0

8810

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79,2

8734

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12,4

093,

061

44,2

559,

752

332

430

9,65

421

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4,29

12,

433

23,4

851,

837

564,

578

zz

3,45

219

8974

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78,1

7071

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17,9

6410

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78,1

7033

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13,4

823,

105

44,1

608,

838

194

588

8,44

421

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4,26

72,

626

23,5

461,

999

214,

477

181,

043

3,68

219

9073

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74,9

5069

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16,1

7610

,930

74,9

5032

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11,6

173,

459

40,2

688,

648

168

656

8,16

122

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4,37

82,

836

24,4

842,

024

133,

980

11,

182

3,74

719

9172

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73,1

8468

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15,3

3210

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73,1

8431

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11,0

472,

948

39,7

347,

674

148

543

7,28

023

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4,12

93,

279

24,1

781,

985

83,

465

11,

069

4,69

819

9270

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73,7

6967

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16,1

929,

474

73,7

6931

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11,8

992,

380

40,5

367,

875

189

594

7,47

023

,351

4,06

83,

456

23,9

621,

765

373,

044

885

13,

682

1993

66,9

3173

,454

63,7

7418

,023

8,34

373

,454

29,6

0413

,599

2,13

441

,069

7,84

518

757

17,

461

22,1

644,

151

3,00

823

,308

1,53

185

2,63

028

863

3,15

819

9467

,938

76,2

4865

,094

19,1

067,

952

76,2

4830

,628

14,6

041,

928

43,3

047,

941

178

487

7,63

322

,669

4,23

03,

126

23,7

731,

444

942,

411

6293

62,

844

1995

67,3

8476

,940

64,9

9220

,394

8,44

676

,940

28,9

3915

,470

1,73

342

,675

7,78

420

550

37,

486

24,3

324,

665

3,66

625

,331

1,39

454

2,54

397

896

2,39

219

9667

,087

77,4

4664

,946

20,6

358,

136

77,4

4629

,849

16,1

881,

643

44,3

947,

657

194

491

7,36

023

,834

4,16

93,

628

24,3

761,

232

832,

374

4582

62,

140

1997

67,8

4578

,960

65,9

5420

,976

7,97

178

,960

31,1

0916

,174

1,57

745

,706

7,19

522

959

76,

826

24,3

914,

490

3,72

625

,155

1,18

984

2,07

19

992

1,89

119

9867

,937

81,4

6865

,829

21,9

846,

345

81,4

6831

,118

16,7

891,

057

46,8

507,

090

277

299

7,06

824

,881

4,77

13,

348

26,3

051,

099

146

1,64

031

1,01

12,

109

1999

67,8

5382

,051

65,7

5322

,450

6,15

282

,051

32,8

4617

,230

1,26

948

,806

7,11

234

730

37,

157

23,0

634,

620

2,92

124

,762

1,07

325

31,

659

999

42,

100

2000

67,9

8282

,441

65,8

8623

,311

6,75

582

,441

32,2

7117

,472

1,29

948

,444

6,92

437

728

07,

020

23,5

525,

073

3,11

725

,507

1,08

138

92,

059

987

52,

096

2001

65,6

5481

,437

63,5

6023

,872

5,99

581

,437

31,0

3218

,033

913

48,1

526,

119

474

199

6,39

422

,646

4,96

72,

968

24,6

451,

849

398

1,91

44

823

2,09

420

02r

65,9

5683

,490

63,9

9224

,820

5,96

383

,490

32,1

5118

,849

911

50,0

906,

168

597

174

6,59

022

,103

4,91

03,

139

24,5

141,

831

464

1,73

96

764

1,96

420

0367

,344

85,6

9765

,387

25,6

645,

353

85,6

9732

,847

19,0

3190

350

,975

6,07

676

016

86,

668

23,6

875,

444

2,65

226

,479

1,14

542

91,

631

1075

61,

957

2004

67,2

7388

,608

65,2

8428

,298

4,97

388

,608

35,0

5921

,997

781

56,2

756,

234

1,14

720

37,

178

21,2

544,

766

2,39

823

,622

1,14

538

71,

592

2381

91,

990

2005

68,3

4189

,787

66,3

3828

,772

5,32

389

,787

35,6

8322

,159

849

56,9

946,

142

1,28

217

27,

251

21,6

214,

669

2,55

623

,734

1,14

566

31,

747

2287

12,

003

2006

66,9

1386

,457

65,0

9426

,791

5,42

886

,457

34,7

4820

,444

878

54,3

135,

705

1,07

417

16,

608

21,9

514,

696

2,60

624

,041

918

576

1,77

317

719

1,81

920

0764

,617

79,0

8762

,695

22,3

986,

006

79,0

8731

,550

16,5

2093

547

,135

5,16

274

521

45,

694

23,2

224,

712

3,03

624

,898

939

421

1,82

16

1,01

61,

922

2008

58,4

8666

,546

56,4

6216

,652

6,56

866

,546

26,1

9111

,409

1,12

336

,476

4,24

751

924

04,

526

23,4

094,

521

3,54

924

,381

959

203

1,65

63

1,23

82,

024

2009

51,5

6555

,270

49,4

3812

,310

6,47

955

,270

20,8

717,

980

926

27,9

253,

490

416

182

3,72

422

,311

3,81

73,

583

22,5

4597

998

1,78

82

1,03

12,

126

2010

54,6

5357

,709

52,4

2412

,992

7,70

857

,709

22,2

718,

529

1,25

229

,548

3,73

939

630

33,

833

23,1

613,

959

3,89

923

,221

999

107

2,25

45

1,35

52,

229

2011

57,5

0059

,002

55,1

6912

,837

9,00

459

,002

24,0

208,

369

1,53

930

,850

3,69

941

628

33,

832

23,5

803,

953

4,33

223

,201

1,01

999

2,85

05

1,42

42,

331

2012

60,1

5762

,638

57,7

2513

,459

8,54

662

,638

25,3

668,

884

1,46

332

,788

3,85

042

031

83,

952

24,6

884,

007

4,28

724

,408

1,34

314

82,

479

51,

502

2,43

220

1362

,398

65,0

4659

,865

15,0

649,

883

65,0

4626

,913

10,2

231,

647

35,4

883,

982

506

298

4,18

924

,533

4,20

45,

166

23,5

721,

666

131

2,77

23

1,38

82,

533

2014

64,0

3368

,288

61,3

9916

,454

9,56

468

,288

28,2

6411

,452

1,59

938

,117

3,91

053

225

94,

183

24,6

964,

363

5,16

823

,891

1,99

010

72,

539

41,

307

2,63

420

1564

,474

70,4

7661

,739

17,5

438,

805

70,4

7628

,746

12,5

431,

446

39,8

433,

851

673

215

4,30

924

,832

4,18

95,

147

23,8

732,

313

138

1,99

83

1,50

52,

735

2016

66,0

1074

,065

63,1

7419

,891

9,00

074

,065

29,2

0014

,672

1,48

142

,391

3,91

681

923

44,

501

25,2

774,

288

5,14

124

,424

2,63

711

22,

145

51,

455

2,83

620

1767

,619

74,8

8164

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19,4

009,

201

74,8

8130

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14,1

171,

568

42,9

614,

065

1,01

225

34,

824

25,0

904,

173

5,22

524

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2,96

098

2,15

52

1,56

62,

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912

312

963,

129

1,65

058

241,

684

125

550

180

864

191

5899

726

09

13z

z85

119

663,

897

4,15

03,

045

357

104

3,29

81,

709

7327

1,75

512

865

019

394

121

065

1,08

625

58

12z

z85

319

673,

774

3,98

52,

900

323

113

3,11

11,

628

6029

1,66

011

965

118

490

719

168

1,03

023

07

16z

z87

419

683,

742

3,98

52,

842

353

110

3,08

41,

529

6020

1,56

912

798

122

493

718

774

1,05

023

47

15z

z90

019

693,

881

4,17

02,

979

410

122

3,26

81,

529

7821

1,58

611

811

01

227

1,04

921

687

1,17

827

06

13z

z90

219

704,

249

4,47

63,

211

367

139

3,43

91,

674

6726

1,71

511

510

73

219

1,11

218

710

01,

199

299

611

zz

1,03

719

713,

912

4,17

82,

895

394

128

3,16

11,

480

6228

1,51

412

513

21

257

1,01

219

590

1,11

726

85

9z

z1,

017

1972

3,98

34,

281

2,93

544

815

03,

233

1,48

978

411,

526

133

164

229

61,

074

201

921,

183

223

415

zz

1,04

819

734,

055

4,36

13,

064

459

153

3,37

01,

543

9637

1,60

212

213

23

251

1,17

322

795

1,30

520

84

18z

z99

119

744,

137

4,38

13,

051

426

181

3,29

61,

484

7835

1,52

897

864

178

1,27

725

712

31,

411

173

519

zz

1,08

619

753,

512

3,67

92,

473

310

142

2,64

11,

282

4437

1,28

979

100

517

495

216

390

1,02

515

03

11z

z1,

039

1976

3,73

83,

950

2,72

236

715

62,

934

1,40

250

421,

410

8412

35

202

1,08

619

293

1,18

413

52

15z

z1,

016

1977

4,05

94,

281

2,82

137

215

03,

043

1,49

560

411,

514

9111

74

205

1,07

519

290

1,17

714

52

14z

z1,

238

1978

4,60

24,

844

3,03

042

618

43,

272

1,57

863

671,

573

9213

02

220

1,18

823

096

1,32

115

53

18z

z1,

572

1979

4,94

45,

163

3,12

541

019

13,

343

1,64

066

631,

642

8910

82

195

1,21

623

410

61,

344

160

221

zz

1,82

019

805,

163

5,24

03,

093

333

256

3,17

01,

611

5185

1,57

778

623

138

1,20

921

814

51,

282

170

224

zz

2,07

019

815,

084

5,18

72,

856

349

247

2,95

91,

319

5183

1,28

675

773

149

1,25

821

913

51,

342

180

225

zz

2,22

719

825,

860

6,00

42,

940

359

215

3,08

41,

407

3767

1,37

795

973

189

1,23

622

213

01,

328

187

315

zz

2,92

019

836,

166

6,37

03,

364

467

263

3,56

81,

543

4590

1,49

910

414

03

241

1,50

327

815

31,

628

196

418

zz

2,80

219

846,

643

6,89

93,

652

511

256

3,90

91,

775

5792

1,74

110

312

52

226

1,54

932

514

11,

732

205

520

zz

2,99

119

856,

521

6,85

63,

671

573

238

4,00

71,

691

6365

1,69

093

149

323

91,

660

357

153

1,86

420

95

18z

z2,

849

1986

6,96

77,

258

4,05

359

730

64,

344

1,84

660

871,

820

9615

24

244

1,86

938

119

32,

057

219

422

zz

2,91

419

876,

566

6,87

14,

149

649

344

4,45

51,

982

8912

61,

945

102

179

427

71,

824

380

190

2,01

421

82

24z

z2,

416

1988

6,72

26,

872

4,33

059

544

64,

479

2,06

453

203

1,91

510

115

06

245

1,89

239

020

52,

078

240

233

zz

2,39

319

896,

861

6,88

64,

553

548

523

4,57

82,

118

6114

42,

035

9785

717

41,

926

395

221

2,10

026

13

345

117

2,30

819

906,

957

6,93

74,

609

507

528

4,58

82,

163

4014

22,

062

9571

915

71,

937

394

228

2,10

326

42

351

114

2,34

919

917,

438

7,25

04,

493

459

647

4,30

51,

961

3715

31,

844

8960

1113

81,

964

361

263

2,06

325

91

450

174

2,94

519

927,

025

6,80

64,

717

512

731

4,49

82,

003

4516

21,

886

8571

1514

22,

080

393

292

2,18

228

71

361

226

2,30

819

936,

901

6,78

54,

921

582

698

4,80

62,

142

5516

82,

028

8971

1314

82,

162

454

281

2,33

529

21

381

199

1,97

919

946,

738

6,61

54,

956

618

741

4,83

22,

168

6417

52,

058

101

6711

156

2,24

048

029

72,

423

188

342

521

61,

783

1995

7,08

66,

942

5,28

870

584

95,

144

2,21

262

184

2,08

910

776

1217

22,

499

559

365

2,69

218

24

435

245

1,79

819

966,

795

6,57

55,

186

674

893

4,96

62,

183

6619

02,

059

105

6711

161

2,40

153

035

72,

574

161

541

529

51,

609

1997

6,74

36,

565

5,32

275

693

55,

143

2,21

779

213

2,08

210

979

1217

62,

512

589

381

2,72

115

57

512

278

1,42

219

986,

580

6,55

95,

259

816

837

5,23

82,

226

9618

52,

137

112

889

191

2,45

962

432

62,

757

143

653

226

51,

322

1999

6,57

16,

618

5,25

589

084

25,

302

2,26

111

820

62,

173

116

989

205

2,41

666

030

52,

771

140

660

826

21,

316

2000

6,51

46,

599

5,20

195

386

95,

285

2,20

313

822

62,

115

124

968

212

2,41

570

131

72,

799

141

992

822

61,

314

2001

6,16

96,

340

4,85

793

676

55,

027

2,07

011

221

31,

970

149

103

824

42,

350

707

305

2,75

248

1096

414

41,

313

2002

5,99

36,

242

4,76

297

672

75,

011

2,05

612

921

21,

972

120

127

824

02,

353

705

321

2,73

748

1110

94

761,

231

2003

5,76

96,

184

4,54

21,

017

601

4,95

71,

837

138

202

1,77

311

912

39

233

2,29

973

525

32,

781

149

1194

1043

1,22

720

045,

218

5,61

03,

971

952

560

4,36

31,

935

173

222

1,88

612

517

812

291

1,60

456

716

82,

003

149

1011

023

471,

247

2005

5,28

35,

723

4,02

898

654

64,

467

1,95

318

722

51,

914

125

176

1129

01,

675

585

183

2,07

714

915

8822

381,

255

2006

5,08

05,

389

3,94

087

156

24,

249

1,92

713

324

91,

811

113

174

927

91,

656

538

181

2,01

412

09

7816

461,

140

2007

5,09

15,

255

3,88

672

155

74,

050

1,85

791

209

1,73

810

615

07

248

1,66

447

020

21,

931

122

582

656

1,20

420

084,

409

4,40

73,

141

544

546

3,13

91,

191

6316

51,

089

9310

48

189

1,58

736

922

81,

728

125

570

375

1,26

920

094,

240

4,22

32,

907

435

452

2,89

01,

226

6614

01,

153

8182

615

71,

370

282

204

1,44

912

82

591

441,

333

2010

4,16

84,

092

2,77

145

953

62,

695

995

5218

885

981

100

917

21,

455

298

229

1,52

413

04

755

351,

397

2011

4,37

54,

279

2,91

446

556

12,

818

1,15

060

207

1,00

383

102

917

61,

452

294

249

1,49

713

34

655

311,

461

2012

4,49

24,

380

2,96

746

157

32,

856

1,14

754

230

971

8811

29

191

1,45

528

423

31,

507

175

667

535

1,52

420

134,

736

4,58

03,

148

481

637

2,99

21,

287

6225

51,

094

9212

79

210

1,45

828

328

01,

461

217

756

338

1,58

820

144,

975

4,83

53,

324

541

681

3,18

41,

458

7728

81,

247

9312

76

214

1,38

232

725

51,

454

260

671

460

1,65

120

155,

123

4,95

03,

409

503

676

3,23

51,

450

8426

01,

274

9614

16

231

1,40

226

625

21,

416

302

969

389

1,71

420

165,

181

5,01

03,

403

486

657

3,23

31,

455

7128

91,

237

102

137

723

21,

380

265

239

1,40

634

48

745

481,

778

2017

5,30

45,

068

3,46

347

270

83,

227

1,45

662

328

1,18

910

513

08

226

1,38

926

124

51,

406

386

1776

250

1,84

1a U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

ores

t Ser

vice

(22)

; dat

a m

ay n

ot a

dd to

tota

ls b

ecau

se o

f rou

ndin

g; d

ata

have

bee

n re

vise

d.b In

clud

es p

ulpw

ood

and

the

pulp

wood

equ

ival

ent o

f woo

d pu

lp a

nd p

aper

and

boa

rd.

c Incl

udes

coo

pera

ge lo

gs, p

oles

and

pilin

g, fe

nce

post

s, h

ewn

ties,

roun

d m

ine

timbe

rs, b

ox b

olts

, exc

elsi

or b

olts

, che

mic

al w

ood,

shi

ngle

bol

ts, a

nd m

isce

llane

ous

item

s.d Pr

ior t

o 19

89, p

ulpw

ood

chip

s ar

e no

t inc

lude

d in

tota

l pro

duct

ion.

e Prio

r to

2000

, Pul

pwoo

d Lo

gs a

re n

ot in

clud

ed in

Log

s.z No

t Ava

ilabl

e.


34

Tabl

e 7b

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

har

dwoo

d tim

ber

prod

ucts

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(tho

usan

d cu

bic

met

ers,

rou

ndw

ood

equi

vale

nt)a

Indu

stria

l rou

ndwo

od u

seO

ther

Fuel

-in

dust

rial

wood

All p

rodu

cts

Tota

lLu

mbe

rPl

ywoo

d an

d ve

neer

Pulp

wood

-bas

ed p

rodu

cts

prod

ucts

,Lo

gse

Pulp

wood

chi

pdpr

oduc

-

prod

uctio

ntio

n an

dPr

oduc

- Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

Cons

ump-

Pr

oduc

-Im

-Ex

-Co

nsum

p-an

d co

n-Im

- Ex

-Im

-Ex

-co

n-Ye

artio

ntio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtsb

ports

btio

nsu

mpt

ionc

ports

ports

ports

ports

sum

ptio

n19

6510

6,55

211

2,71

482

,449

8,84

82,

708

88,6

1246

,720

1,64

969

247

,678

3,54

01,

544

105,

097

24,4

585,

407

1,63

828

,227

7,36

224

736

9z

z24

,102

1966

110,

360

117,

524

86,2

1210

,106

2,94

793

,376

48,3

832,

076

763

49,6

953,

625

1,84

914

5,46

526

,642

5,94

11,

828

30,7

547,

221

241

342

zz

24,1

4919

6710

6,87

411

2,84

182

,121

9,14

23,

195

88,0

8946

,113

1,69

181

146

,993

3,37

01,

835

155,

210

25,6

875,

421

1,93

029

,178

6,51

319

543

9z

z24

,752

1968

105,

974

112,

837

80,4

789,

991

3,11

687

,341

43,2

921,

702

560

44,4

343,

596

2,78

223

6,34

326

,545

5,29

92,

103

29,7

416,

615

208

430

zz

25,4

9519

6910

9,90

411

8,07

184

,362

11,6

033,

446

92,5

2943

,286

2,20

358

444

,905

3,34

13,

108

326,

428

29,7

166,

110

2,46

733

,359

7,65

518

236

3z

z25

,542

1970

120,

307

126,

760

90,9

3410

,382

3,94

597

,387

47,3

951,

907

724

48,5

773,

256

3,01

990

6,20

131

,499

5,28

42,

819

33,9

658,

471

172

312

zz

29,3

7319

7111

0,78

511

8,32

181

,985

11,1

593,

638

89,5

2141

,909

1,76

579

142

,883

3,54

03,

749

267,

277

28,6

715,

517

2,55

431

,633

7,59

912

826

7z

z28

,800

1972

112,

774

121,

397

83,1

1012

,690

4,07

691

,733

42,1

722,

214

1,17

043

,216

3,76

64,

655

488,

382

30,4

205,

695

2,61

633

,499

6,32

612

742

5z

z29

,664

1973

114,

839

123,

552

86,7

6312

,986

4,27

495

,477

43,6

962,

707

1,05

245

,351

3,45

53,

727

767,

108

33,2

136,

438

2,69

536

,956

5,88

411

351

6z

z28

,076

1974

117,

135

124,

049

86,3

9612

,054

5,13

293

,310

42,0

352,

218

981

43,2

722,

747

2,42

512

35,

040

36,1

687,

271

3,48

539

,953

4,90

914

053

8z

z30

,739

1975

99,4

4710

4,24

470

,039

8,76

63,

963

74,8

3736

,307

1,24

31,

049

36,5

012,

237

2,82

913

44,

927

26,9

484,

617

2,54

329

,022

4,24

877

300

zz

29,4

0719

7610

5,84

211

2,04

777

,066

10,4

014,

210

83,2

7139

,694

1,42

21,

186

39,9

302,

379

3,47

514

75,

720

30,7

435,

439

2,64

833

,534

3,82

364

427

zz

28,7

7719

7711

4,93

112

1,41

979

,871

10,5

324,

062

86,3

6042

,341

1,69

61,

174

42,8

632,

577

3,32

511

65,

805

30,4

415,

443

2,55

333

,331

4,10

668

406

zz

35,0

6019

7813

0,31

813

7,11

085

,798

12,0

545,

266

92,5

9044

,672

1,78

31,

909

44,5

462,

605

3,67

858

6,23

033

,630

6,51

22,

733

37,4

094,

389

8150

2z

z44

,520

1979

140,

012

145,

999

88,4

8511

,597

5,61

794

,473

46,4

311,

856

1,78

146

,505

2,52

03,

054

605,

522

34,4

206,

621

3,00

038

,041

4,53

166

583

zz

51,5

2719

8014

6,20

714

8,31

787

,579

9,43

57,

329

89,6

9045

,622

1,44

62,

405

44,6

632,

209

1,76

874

3,90

834

,247

6,16

04,

101

36,3

064,

814

6168

8z

z58

,628

1981

143,

952

146,

754

80,8

879,

891

7,09

683

,688

37,3

361,

436

2,36

136

,412

2,12

42,

187

984,

219

35,6

186,

207

3,82

038

,005

5,09

761

712

zz

63,0

6619

8216

5,94

217

0,09

783

,255

10,1

756,

004

87,4

1039

,845

1,04

11,

904

38,9

822,

690

2,75

779

5,35

235

,001

6,29

43,

683

37,6

135,

297

8342

2z

z82

,687

1983

174,

614

180,

467

95,2

6113

,232

7,36

610

1,11

443

,696

1,28

52,

537

42,4

442,

945

3,97

583

6,82

442

,570

7,86

94,

335

46,1

045,

544

102

505

zz

79,3

5319

8418

8,10

819

5,36

710

3,42

014

,479

7,24

111

0,67

950

,273

1,61

72,

599

49,2

902,

917

3,53

067

6,40

043

,865

9,19

74,

010

49,0

515,

798

136

569

zz

84,6

8819

8518

4,64

919

3,98

210

3,96

316

,236

6,90

311

3,29

547

,892

1,79

41,

839

47,8

472,

631

4,21

073

6,76

847

,011

10,1

034,

324

52,7

915,

925

129

504

zz

80,6

8719

8619

7,28

820

5,40

511

4,76

516

,902

8,78

512

2,88

352

,281

1,71

12,

463

51,5

292,

729

4,29

610

76,

918

52,9

3610

,775

5,46

558

,246

6,18

712

063

3z

z82

,522

1987

185,

916

194,

469

117,

499

18,3

899,

836

126,

052

56,1

242,

521

3,58

155

,065

2,88

95,

055

109

7,83

551

,642

10,7

505,

381

57,0

126,

167

6367

6z

z68

,417

1988

190,

357

194,

419

122,

607

16,8

5812

,795

126,

669

58,4

481,

504

5,73

854

,214

2,86

34,

257

173

6,94

853

,585

11,0

415,

805

58,8

226,

788

5592

3z

z67

,750

1989

194,

291

194,

786

128,

930

15,5

1115

,016

129,

426

59,9

761,

724

4,07

157

,629

2,73

82,

400

199

4,93

954

,539

11,1

716,

268

59,4

427,

386

8396

613

33,

325

65,3

6019

9019

7,00

719

6,14

313

0,50

014

,358

15,2

2312

9,63

661

,249

1,14

34,

010

58,3

822,

692

2,00

024

24,

451

54,8

4711

,148

6,48

159

,514

7,48

046

994

213,

238

66,5

0719

9121

0,61

020

4,96

712

7,22

413

,004

18,6

4812

1,58

155

,528

1,03

74,

346

52,2

202,

519

1,69

932

03,

898

55,6

2610

,232

7,46

358

,396

7,33

327

1,28

39

4,93

483

,386

1992

198,

932

192,

407

133,

572

14,4

8621

,012

127,

046

56,7

141,

282

4,59

253

,404

2,41

62,

010

419

4,00

858

,908

11,1

338,

293

61,7

488,

118

301,

015

316,

401

65,3

6019

9319

5,40

819

1,69

613

9,35

916

,492

20,2

0413

5,64

660

,648

1,54

64,

754

57,4

412,

520

2,01

435

74,

177

61,2

1012

,863

7,96

766

,106

8,26

537

1,07

431

5,64

256

,049

1994

190,

805

186,

772

140,

328

17,5

0021

,533

136,

295

61,3

991,

822

4,95

158

,270

2,85

01,

883

320

4,41

363

,433

13,5

898,

433

68,5

905,

337

731,

195

134

6,11

450

,477

1995

200,

644

196,

546

149,

729

19,9

6324

,061

145,

631

62,6

291,

748

5,21

659

,161

3,03

82,

145

326

4,85

670

,751

15,8

2410

,359

76,2

175,

151

117

1,21

312

96,

946

50,9

1519

9619

2,40

318

6,17

714

6,83

919

,077

25,3

0214

0,61

461

,828

1,85

95,

376

58,3

112,

982

1,90

932

44,

568

67,9

8215

,012

10,1

0772

,887

4,55

214

21,

147

155

8,34

845

,563

1997

190,

949

185,

872

150,

691

21,4

0526

,482

145,

614

62,7

652,

226

6,03

858

,953

3,07

52,

239

334

4,98

171

,146

16,6

7710

,796

77,0

274,

392

197

1,44

966

7,86

240

,259

1998

186,

339

185,

832

148,

911

23,2

0423

,711

148,

405

63,0

452,

707

5,23

060

,522

3,17

42,

495

252

5,41

769

,634

17,6

709,

230

78,1

744,

059

174

1,50

258

7,49

737

,427

1999

186,

060

187,

286

148,

793

25,1

9123

,856

150,

019

64,0

193,

336

5,83

161

,524

3,27

62,

774

247

5,79

868

,409

18,6

918,

656

78,5

423,

966

181

1,69

021

57,

432

37,2

6720

0018

4,46

018

6,72

514

7,26

226

,993

24,6

1414

9,52

762

,395

3,92

06,

413

59,9

023,

500

2,72

021

96,

001

68,3

9119

,862

8,99

879

,338

3,99

326

82,

593

224

6,38

937

,198

2001

174,

661

179,

537

137,

486

26,5

0421

,653

142,

362

58,6

263,

185

6,02

655

,785

4,21

62,

910

226

6,90

066

,553

20,0

208,

655

78,0

541,

346

271

2,71

011

84,

035

37,1

7520

0216

9,70

917

6,59

713

4,85

027

,642

20,5

9014

1,90

258

,211

3,64

36,

015

55,8

393,

394

3,61

021

56,

789

66,6

2719

,969

8,54

677

,686

1,35

932

03,

096

992,

166

34,8

5920

0316

3,35

017

5,10

612

8,60

628

,788

17,0

3214

0,36

252

,015

3,91

55,

726

50,2

043,

369

3,48

926

26,

597

65,0

9720

,800

7,15

378

,745

4,23

230

22,

662

283

1,23

034

,744

2004

147,

761

158,

857

112,

443

26,9

4615

,850

123,

540

54,8

024,

907

6,29

853

,411

3,52

75,

043

331

8,24

045

,418

16,0

514,

757

56,7

114,

232

293

3,12

065

21,

343

35,3

1820

0514

9,59

916

2,05

011

4,05

227

,909

15,4

5812

6,50

355

,291

5,30

46,

384

54,2

113,

531

4,98

831

18,

208

47,4

3016

,575

5,19

558

,810

4,23

242

82,

493

614

1,07

535

,547

2006

143,

853

152,

603

111,

563

24,6

6115

,912

120,

312

54,5

803,

764

7,05

151

,293

3,19

44,

937

241

7,89

046

,900

15,2

455,

124

57,0

213,

394

252

2,20

546

21,

290

32,2

9020

0714

4,15

714

8,79

911

0,05

020

,406

15,7

6411

4,69

252

,577

2,57

05,

920

49,2

282,

988

4,23

521

17,

011

47,1

1113

,305

5,72

754

,689

3,46

813

62,

325

160

1,58

134

,107

2008

124,

861

124,

802

88,9

3815

,392

15,4

5188

,879

33,7

271,

782

4,66

030

,849

2,63

72,

946

239

5,34

444

,930

10,4

426,

452

48,9

213,

543

149

1,97

273

2,12

835

,923

2009

120,

070

119,

574

82,3

3012

,309

12,8

0481

,835

34,7

241,

881

3,95

232

,654

2,28

32,

326

172

4,43

738

,792

7,99

25,

766

41,0

183,

617

671,

672

421,

242

37,7

3920

1011

8,02

311

5,86

778

,468

13,0

1015

,166

76,3

1128

,163

1,48

35,

318

24,3

282,

286

2,83

125

14,

866

41,2

028,

435

6,47

243

,164

3,69

212

52,

121

136

1,00

439

,556

2011

123,

895

121,

175

82,5

2313

,175

15,8

9679

,803

32,5

581,

696

5,86

428

,391

2,34

52,

900

249

4,99

641

,125

8,31

97,

055

42,3

903,

766

114

1,85

114

687

741

,372

2012

127,

191

124,

036

84,0

2513

,060

16,2

1480

,870

32,4

841,

517

6,50

427

,497

2,48

83,

160

242

5,40

741

,215

8,05

36,

593

42,6

764,

962

183

1,89

214

698

443

,165

2013

134,

106

129,

687

89,1

4713

,629

18,0

4784

,728

36,4

511,

751

7,21

530

,987

2,60

73,

592

248

5,95

141

,274

8,01

27,

926

41,3

606,

157

199

1,57

674

1,08

344

,959

2014

140,

871

136,

916

94,1

1815

,324

19,2

7990

,163

41,2

902,

176

8,15

535

,311

2,62

43,

609

176

6,05

739

,136

9,25

57,

232

41,1

597,

352

182

2,00

410

31,

712

46,7

5220

1514

5,07

614

0,16

196

,530

14,2

4019

,154

91,6

1641

,073

2,37

97,

366

36,0

852,

731

3,99

417

56,

550

39,6

977,

524

7,13

140

,090

8,54

724

61,

948

972,

533

48,5

4620

1614

6,71

414

1,87

496

,375

13,7

5518

,595

91,5

3541

,211

2,00

88,

184

35,0

362,

894

3,87

419

46,

575

39,0

737,

504

6,76

439

,814

9,74

221

82,

104

151

1,35

050

,339

2017

150,

185

143,

517

98,0

5313

,368

20,0

3791

,384

41,2

311,

748

9,29

733

,682

2,97

93,

672

240

6,41

139

,329

7,39

86,

924

39,8

0410

,937

492

2,15

858

1,41

852

,132

a U.S.

Dep

artm

ent o

f Agr

icul

ture

, For

est S

ervi

ce (2

2); U

.S. I

nter

natio

nal T

rade

Com

mis

sion

(86)

; dat

a m

ay n

ot a

dd to

tota

ls b

ecau

se o

f rou

ndin

g; d

ata

have

bee

n re

vise

d.b In

clud

es p

ulpw

ood

and

the

pulp

wood

equ

ival

ent o

f woo

d pu

lp a

nd p

aper

and

boa

rd.

c Incl

udes

coo

pera

ge lo

gs, p

oles

and

pilin

g, fe

nce

post

s, h

ewn

ties,

roun

d m

ine

timbe

rs, b

ox b

olts

, exc

elsi

or b

olts

, che

mic

al w

ood,

shi

ngle

bol

ts, a

nd m

isce

llane

ous

item

s.d Pr

ior t

o 19

89, p

ulpw

ood

chip

s ar

e no

t inc

lude

d in

tota

l pro

duct

ion.

e Prio

r to

2000

, Pul

pwoo

d Lo

gs a

re n

ot in

clud

ed in

Log

s.z No

t Ava

ilabl

e.


35

Tabl

e 7c

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

tim

ber

prod

ucts

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(met

ric

tons

car

bon,

rou

ndw

ood

equi

vale

nt)a

Indu

stria

l rou

ndwo

od u

seO

ther

Fuel

-in

dust

rial

wood

All p

rodu

cts

Tota

lLu

mbe

rPl

ywoo

d an

d ve

neer

Pulp

wood

-bas

ed p

rodu

cts

prod

ucts

,Lo

gse

Pulp

wood

chi

pdpr

oduc

-

prod

uctio

ntio

n an

dPr

oduc

- Co

nsum

p-

Prod

uc-

Im-

Ex-

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ump-

Pr

oduc

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nsum

p-

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uc-

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oduc

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nsum

p-an

d co

n-Im

- Ex

-Im

-Ex

-co

n-Ye

artio

ntio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtsb

ports

btio

nsu

mpt

ionc

ports

ports

ports

ports

sum

ptio

n19

6512

,507

13,4

4112

,202

1,91

267

413

,441

6,28

11,

056

174

7,16

31,

416

213

1,43

33,

772

832

252

4,35

248

93

244

zz

305

1966

12,7

6713

,656

12,4

621,

956

762

13,6

566,

186

1,03

219

57,

024

1,48

425

51,

503

3,99

889

027

44,

614

506

928

8z

z30

519

6712

,709

13,3

7212

,396

1,91

393

713

,372

6,04

21,

036

215

6,86

31,

470

2510

1,48

54,

009

845

301

4,55

346

57

411

zz

313

1968

13,5

1114

,214

13,1

892,

144

1,11

914

,214

6,28

11,

254

234

7,30

11,

664

387

1,69

44,

243

845

336

4,75

345

97

542

zz

322

1969

13,5

8514

,379

13,2

622,

257

1,14

114

,379

6,08

11,

265

230

7,11

51,

550

4322

1,57

14,

586

941

380

5,14

753

89

508

zz

323

1970

14,7

6115

,421

14,3

902,

420

1,38

915

,421

6,63

01,

400

279

7,75

11,

620

4014

1,64

74,

978

957

511

5,42

557

623

586

zz

371

1971

14,2

0815

,230

13,8

562,

487

1,11

215

,230

6,44

41,

560

211

7,79

31,

876

5011

1,91

54,

502

864

400

4,96

654

412

489

zz

352

1972

14,5

0015

,609

14,1

372,

799

1,32

715

,609

6,64

61,

937

268

8,31

52,

065

6225

2,10

24,

279

797

366

4,71

047

92

668

zz

363

1973

14,6

0815

,590

14,2

652,

817

1,49

215

,590

6,78

01,

947

391

8,33

62,

059

5046

2,06

34,

245

818

342

4,72

146

82

713

zz

343

1974

14,0

7714

,810

13,7

012,

540

1,43

014

,810

6,34

51,

575

375

7,54

61,

782

3361

1,75

44,

605

922

441

5,08

541

510

553

zz

376

1975

13,3

1813

,669

12,9

582,

080

1,36

913

,669

6,30

71,

360

344

7,32

31,

795

3889

1,74

43,

903

667

366

4,20

438

315

570

zz

360

1976

14,1

3214

,810

13,7

802,

528

1,49

814

,810

6,33

81,

711

358

7,69

02,

070

4781

2,03

74,

289

756

367

4,67

739

115

692

zz

352

1977

14,5

3315

,920

14,2

233,

057

1,36

115

,920

6,80

62,

237

325

8,71

82,

188

4633

2,20

04,

185

744

349

4,58

039

131

653

zz

310

1978

14,9

7216

,542

14,5

073,

449

1,41

516

,542

6,86

52,

553

312

9,10

62,

239

5634

2,26

14,

289

824

346

4,76

739

117

723

zz

465

1979

15,5

1616

,528

14,8

473,

367

1,68

616

,528

6,68

42,

388

402

8,66

92,

175

4345

2,17

34,

763

910

413

5,26

040

026

826

zz

669

1980

14,2

5414

,522

13,3

162,

964

1,75

814

,522

5,49

82,

019

440

7,07

71,

778

2741

1,76

44,

959

892

595

5,25

740

025

682

zz

938

1981

13,7

3214

,100

12,7

702,

872

1,54

214

,100

5,26

21,

982

431

6,81

41,

797

3274

1,75

54,

790

839

517

5,11

240

019

521

zz

962

1982

13,4

2913

,641

12,4

172,

811

1,58

713

,641

5,10

61,

976

369

6,71

31,

686

3748

1,67

54,

538

776

487

4,82

740

422

683

zz

1,01

119

8314

,973

15,7

6114

,003

3,42

81,

670

15,7

616,

274

2,54

439

18,

427

2,06

658

612,

063

4,51

379

547

54,

834

406

3174

3z

z97

019

8415

,329

16,4

7214

,293

3,75

81,

578

16,4

726,

463

2,77

235

98,

875

2,08

354

392,

099

4,60

190

644

25,

065

408

2673

9z

z1,

036

1985

15,2

8616

,726

14,2

994,

031

1,60

516

,726

6,45

93,

031

318

9,17

22,

085

6833

2,12

04,

521

916

435

5,00

141

716

818

zz

987

1986

16,5

6717

,760

15,5

583,

973

1,77

017

,760

7,20

82,

927

413

9,72

12,

249

7062

2,25

74,

912

964

524

5,35

241

811

771

zz

1,00

919

8717

,326

18,5

8516

,489

4,11

82,

022

18,5

857,

715

2,97

951

910

,175

2,30

392

792,

316

5,15

11,

031

556

5,62

645

215

868

zz

837

1988

17,3

9018

,046

16,5

613,

849

2,36

318

,046

7,67

92,

730

673

9,73

62,

243

7699

2,22

05,

191

1,03

058

45,

636

441

121,

007

zz

829

1989

17,0

7117

,793

16,1

874,

039

2,43

317

,793

7,43

22,

966

683

9,71

52,

033

4513

51,

942

5,25

71,

024

630

5,65

148

05

985

425

088

419

9016

,820

17,1

0115

,921

3,64

82,

468

17,1

017,

064

2,55

676

18,

859

1,98

939

151

1,87

75,

506

1,05

168

15,

876

486

387

60

284

899

1991

16,6

9016

,696

15,5

623,

457

2,32

316

,696

6,96

02,

430

649

8,74

11,

765

3412

51,

674

5,59

999

178

75,

803

476

276

20

256

1,12

719

9216

,216

16,8

1815

,332

3,64

52,

159

16,8

186,

824

2,61

852

48,

918

1,81

143

137

1,71

85,

604

976

830

5,75

142

48

670

220

488

419

9315

,340

16,7

3114

,583

4,05

01,

901

16,7

316,

513

2,99

247

09,

035

1,80

443

131

1,71

65,

319

996

722

5,59

436

719

579

720

775

819

9415

,565

17,3

5514

,882

4,29

01,

817

17,3

556,

738

3,21

342

49,

527

1,82

741

112

1,75

65,

441

1,01

575

05,

706

347

2153

015

225

683

1995

15,4

6517

,536

14,8

914,

582

1,93

617

,536

6,36

63,

403

381

9,38

91,

790

4711

61,

722

5,84

01,

120

880

6,08

033

512

559

2321

557

419

9615

,380

17,6

2414

,866

4,62

51,

867

17,6

246,

567

3,56

136

19,

767

1,76

145

113

1,69

35,

720

1,00

187

15,

850

296

1852

211

198

514

1997

15,5

4717

,966

15,0

934,

707

1,83

417

,966

6,84

43,

558

347

10,0

551,

655

5313

71,

570

5,85

41,

078

894

6,03

728

518

456

223

845

419

9815

,579

18,5

4215

,073

4,93

51,

466

18,5

426,

846

3,69

423

310

,307

1,63

164

691,

626

5,97

21,

145

803

6,31

326

432

361

724

350

619

9915

,523

18,6

3915

,020

5,03

51,

415

18,6

397,

226

3,79

127

910

,737

1,63

680

701,

646

5,53

51,

109

701

5,94

325

856

365

223

850

420

0015

,560

18,7

3915

,057

5,23

41,

551

18,7

397,

100

3,84

428

610

,658

1,59

287

641,

615

5,65

21,

217

748

6,12

225

986

453

221

050

320

0115

,037

18,5

1014

,534

5,35

61,

380

18,5

106,

827

3,96

720

110

,593

1,40

710

946

1,47

15,

435

1,19

271

25,

915

444

8742

11

198

503

2002

15,0

9018

,961

14,6

195,

565

1,37

618

,961

7,07

34,

147

200

11,0

201,

419

137

401,

516

5,30

51,

178

753

5,88

343

910

238

31

183

471

2003

15,4

1219

,473

14,9

425,

763

1,23

219

,473

7,22

64,

187

199

11,2

151,

397

175

391,

534

5,68

51,

307

637

6,35

527

594

359

218

147

020

0415

,350

20,0

6114

,873

6,33

21,

144

20,0

617,

713

4,83

917

212

,381

1,43

426

447

1,65

15,

101

1,14

457

65,

669

275

8535

06

197

478

2005

15,5

9220

,323

15,1

116,

436

1,22

420

,323

7,85

04,

875

187

12,5

391,

413

295

401,

668

5,18

91,

120

613

5,69

627

514

638

45

209

481

2006

15,2

7219

,586

14,8

355,

999

1,24

819

,586

7,64

44,

498

193

11,9

491,

312

247

391,

520

5,26

81,

127

625

5,77

022

012

739

04

173

437

2007

14,7

8917

,973

14,3

285,

029

1,38

417

,973

6,94

13,

634

206

10,3

701,

187

171

491,

310

5,57

31,

131

729

5,97

622

593

401

124

446

120

0813

,437

15,1

9212

,951

3,75

91,

518

15,1

925,

762

2,51

024

78,

025

977

119

551,

041

5,61

81,

085

852

5,85

223

045

364

129

748

620

0911

,887

12,6

6711

,377

2,78

91,

499

12,6

674,

592

1,75

620

46,

144

803

9642

856

5,35

591

686

05,

411

235

2239

30

247

510

2010

12,5

8913

,219

12,0

542,

941

1,77

713

,219

4,90

01,

876

275

6,50

186

091

7088

25,

559

950

936

5,57

324

024

496

132

553

520

1113

,226

13,5

0312

,666

2,90

72,

070

13,5

035,

284

1,84

133

96,

787

851

9665

881

5,65

994

91,

040

5,56

824

522

627

134

255

920

1213

,842

14,3

3513

,259

3,04

51,

969

14,3

355,

580

1,95

532

27,

213

886

9773

909

5,92

596

21,

029

5,85

832

232

545

136

058

420

1314

,342

14,8

5713

,734

3,40

32,

281

14,8

575,

921

2,24

936

27,

807

916

116

6996

45,

888

1,00

91,

240

5,65

740

029

610

133

360

820

1414

,713

15,5

8314

,081

3,71

22,

210

15,5

836,

218

2,51

935

28,

386

899

122

6096

25,

927

1,04

71,

240

5,73

447

824

559

131

463

220

1514

,820

16,0

7214

,164

3,95

02,

042

16,0

726,

324

2,75

931

88,

765

886

155

4999

15,

960

1,00

51,

235

5,73

055

530

440

136

165

620

1615

,176

16,8

8114

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4,47

02,

085

16,8

816,

424

3,22

832

69,

326

901

188

541,

035

6,06

71,

029

1,23

45,

862

633

2547

21

349

681

2017

15,5

3717

,062

14,8

324,

362

2,13

117

,062

6,69

13,

106

345

9,45

193

523

358

1,11

06,

021

1,00

11,

254

5,76

971

022

474

037

670

5a U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

ores

t Ser

vice

(22)

; U.S

. Int

erna

tiona

l Tra

de C

omm

issi

on (8

6); d

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing;

dat

a ha

ve b

een

revi

sed.

b Incl

udes

pul

pwoo

d an

d th

e pu

lpwo

od e

quiv

alen

t of w

ood

pulp

and

pap

er a

nd b

oard

.c In

clud

es c

oope

rage

logs

, pol

es a

nd p

iling,

fenc

e po

sts,

hew

n tie

s, ro

und

min

e tim

bers

, box

bol

ts, e

xcel

sior

bol

ts, c

hem

ical

woo

d, s

hing

le b

olts

, and

mis

cella

neou

s ite

ms.

d Prio

r to

1989

, pul

pwoo

d ch

ips

are

not i

nclu

ded

in to

tal p

rodu

ctio

n.e Pr

ior t

o 20

00, P

ulpw

ood

Logs

are

not

incl

uded

in L

ogs.

z Not A

vaila

ble.


36

Tabl

e 8a

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

tim

ber

prod

ucts

(exc

lude

s ad

ditiv

es a

nd fi

llers

) in

tons

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(mill

ion

tons

,a air

-dry

wei

ght o

f woo

d)b

Oth

erFu

el-

indu

stria

lwo

odpr

oduc

ts,

prod

uc-

Pro-

Con-

Pr

o-

Con-

Pr

o-

Con-

Pr

o-

Con-

Pr

o-

Con-

Pr

o-Co

n-

prod

uctio

ntio

n an

ddu

c-

sum

p-

duc-

Im-

Ex-

sum

p-

duc-

Im-

Ex-

sum

p-

duc-

Im

- Ex

-su

mp-

du

c-Im

- Ex

- su

mp-

du

c- Im

- E

x-su

mp-

an

d co

n-

Im-

Ex-

Im-

Ex-

cons

ump-

Year

tion

tion

tion

ports

ports

tion

tion

ports

ports

tion

tion

ports

ports

tiong

tionk

ports

lpo

rtsm

tion

tion

ports

hpo

rtsi

tion

sum

ptio

njpo

rtspo

rtspo

rtspo

rtstio

n 19

6512

2.6

131.

710

4.4

16.1

7.0

113.

546

.55.

31.

050

.86.

80.

70.

07.

52.

90.

20.

03.

236

.69.

72.

943

.38.

50.

23.

0z

0.1

18.2

1966

126.

813

5.8

108.

617

.28.

211

7.6

46.6

5.4

1.1

50.8

7.1

0.8

0.0

7.9

3.2

0.2

0.0

3.3

39.4

10.5

3.2

46.7

8.6

0.2

3.4

z0.

318

.219

6712

6.5

132.

510

7.8

16.4

10.4

113.

845

.15.

21.

249

.17.

00.

80.

17.

83.

40.

20.

03.

539

.010

.03.

645

.47.

80.

24.

9z

0.7

18.7

1968

135.

414

0.4

116.

218

.113

.212

1.1

45.2

6.2

1.2

50.2

7.8

1.2

0.0

9.0

4.0

0.3

0.0

4.3

43.4

10.2

4.0

49.5

7.8

0.2

6.4

z1.

519

.219

6913

8.3

143.

811

9.1

19.4

14.0

124.

544

.26.

51.

249

.57.

31.

40.

18.

64.

60.

30.

04.

945

.611

.14.

552

.29.

10.

25.

9z

2.2

19.3

1970

141.

314

3.2

119.

218

.516

.612

1.1

42.7

6.2

1.3

47.6

7.6

1.3

0.1

8.8

4.6

0.2

0.0

4.8

44.8

10.4

5.5

49.6

9.9

0.4

6.8

z2.

822

.119

7114

4.8

151.

012

3.2

20.3

14.1

129.

445

.57.

61.

251

.98.

71.

70.

110

.35.

90.

30.

16.

146

.110

.44.

851

.79.

20.

25.

7z

2.3

21.6

1972

152.

915

8.5

130.

723

.117

.513

6.3

46.5

9.5

1.6

54.5

9.5

2.1

0.1

11.4

7.0

0.5

0.1

7.4

49.1

11.0

5.0

55.1

7.9

0.1

7.8

z2.

922

.219

7315

6.4

160.

513

5.4

23.8

19.7

139.

447

.79.

72.

155

.39.

41.

70.

210

.87.

60.

50.

18.

050

.911

.95.

057

.87.

50.

18.

3z

4.0

21.0

1974

149.

015

1.1

126.

021

.219

.212

8.0

43.1

7.4

1.9

48.6

8.0

1.1

0.3

8.8

6.8

0.3

0.1

7.0

50.5

12.3

5.9

56.9

6.5

0.2

6.6

z4.

423

.019

7513

6.4

135.

511

4.4

16.6

17.5

113.

540

.16.

01.

744

.47.

91.

30.

58.

76.

00.

10.

16.

044

.29.

05.

048

.35.

90.

26.

6z

3.7

22.0

1976

150.

315

0.8

128.

720

.820

.312

9.2

44.3

8.2

2.0

50.6

9.0

1.6

0.4

10.1

7.4

0.2

0.1

7.5

49.7

10.6

5.2

55.1

5.7

0.2

8.1

z4.

521

.619

7715

9.6

163.

913

4.6

23.9

19.7

138.

947

.310

.71.

856

.29.

51.

50.

210

.88.

40.

30.

18.

651

.211

.15.

257

.15.

90.

47.

6z

4.8

25.0

1978

170.

317

7.1

137.

826

.820

.014

4.6

48.4

12.2

2.0

58.6

9.8

1.7

0.2

11.2

8.7

0.4

0.1

9.1

52.3

12.3

5.2

59.5

6.0

0.2

8.5

z4.

232

.519

7917

9.5

182.

614

0.4

26.4

23.3

143.

648

.411

.52.

357

.69.

61.

40.

210

.78.

20.

40.

18.

553

.312

.85.

860

.36.

20.

39.

7z

5.2

39.0

1980

177.

517

6.5

131.

223

.324

.313

0.2

42.9

9.8

2.8

49.9

8.0

0.8

0.2

8.6

7.0

0.3

0.1

7.2

53.8

12.1

8.0

57.8

6.3

0.3

8.1

z5.

246

.319

8117

3.1

175.

212

3.8

22.9

20.9

125.

938

.39.

52.

745

.18.

21.

00.

48.

86.

70.

30.

16.

953

.811

.97.

358

.36.

50.

36.

3z

4.1

49.3

1982

184.

018

5.6

122.

122

.220

.712

3.6

38.3

9.3

2.2

45.3

8.0

1.2

0.3

9.0

5.7

0.4

0.0

6.1

52.2

11.0

6.9

56.3

6.6

0.3

8.0

z3.

362

.019

8319

5.5

201.

013

6.1

27.4

22.0

141.

545

.712

.12.

655

.39.

71.

80.

311

.27.

40.

60.

17.

954

.912

.57.

460

.06.

80.

48.

7z

2.9

59.5

1984

207.

821

7.5

144.

331

.021

.215

4.1

49.5

13.5

2.5

60.6

9.9

1.7

0.2

11.4

7.6

0.8

0.1

8.3

59.0

14.6

7.1

66.5

6.9

0.4

8.7

z2.

763

.419

8520

1.2

212.

514

0.8

32.9

21.6

152.

148

.814

.92.

061

.79.

92.

00.

211

.87.

70.

80.

18.

455

.114

.97.

162

.97.

10.

29.

5z

2.7

60.5

1986

211.

522

2.0

149.

733

.923

.516

0.1

54.4

14.5

2.7

66.2

10.9

2.1

0.4

12.6

7.9

0.9

0.1

8.7

57.4

15.5

8.4

64.5

7.2

0.2

9.1

0.8

2.8

61.8

1987

209.

921

9.7

158.

736

.126

.316

8.4

58.8

15.2

3.6

70.3

11.3

2.6

0.5

13.4

8.1

0.9

0.1

8.8

59.8

16.7

9.0

67.5

7.5

0.2

10.2

0.6

2.9

51.3

1988

214.

421

7.9

163.

735

.031

.616

7.1

59.5

13.6

5.1

68.1

11.2

2.2

0.6

12.7

8.3

0.8

0.2

8.9

61.0

17.2

9.8

68.5

7.8

0.2

11.9

1.0

4.0

50.8

1989

215.

021

7.0

165.

234

.832

.916

7.1

59.5

15.1

4.6

69.9

10.6

1.3

0.9

11.0

8.4

0.5

0.2

8.7

61.6

17.0

10.5

68.1

8.4

0.1

11.7

0.8

5.0

49.9

1990

214.

221

3.4

163.

432

.433

.116

2.7

58.2

12.9

5.0

66.1

10.4

1.1

1.0

10.5

8.2

0.5

0.3

8.4

62.3

17.1

11.1

68.3

8.6

0.1

10.4

0.7

5.3

50.8

1991

220.

921

6.8

157.

329

.733

.815

3.1

53.4

11.6

4.4

60.6

9.3

1.0

0.9

9.4

8.1

0.4

0.3

8.2

62.5

16.1

12.8

65.8

8.4

0.0

9.3

0.7

6.1

63.6

1992

209.

720

7.5

159.

832

.234

.315

7.7

55.3

13.3

4.1

64.5

9.6

1.2

1.0

9.8

8.7

0.4

0.4

8.7

63.3

16.8

14.2

65.8

8.3

0.0

8.1

0.5

6.5

49.9

1993

201.

120

5.7

158.

336

.331

.716

2.9

55.1

15.2

3.9

66.4

9.7

1.2

0.9

9.9

9.1

0.5

0.4

9.2

63.5

18.4

13.3

68.5

7.9

0.2

7.1

0.8

6.0

42.8

1994

199.

020

4.8

160.

538

.232

.516

6.3

56.6

16.4

3.7

69.3

10.0

1.1

0.8

10.3

9.6

0.8

0.5

9.8

65.1

19.3

14.3

70.1

6.1

0.3

6.7

0.4

6.5

38.5

1995

196.

520

2.2

158.

940

.634

.916

4.6

55.1

17.3

3.6

68.8

9.9

1.3

0.9

10.3

8.9

0.8

0.6

9.1

65.1

20.2

15.9

69.5

5.9

0.2

7.0

0.8

7.0

37.6

1996

192.

719

7.1

159.

040

.035

.516

3.5

55.9

18.2

3.6

70.5

9.7

1.2

0.8

10.1

9.5

0.8

0.6

9.7

64.4

18.7

16.3

66.9

5.2

0.3

6.5

0.9

7.7

33.7

1997

191.

319

7.5

161.

642

.636

.416

7.7

57.6

18.3

3.7

72.2

9.2

1.4

1.0

9.6

9.6

0.9

0.5

9.9

66.4

20.9

17.4

69.9

5.0

0.3

5.9

0.8

7.8

29.8

1998

187.

720

0.3

159.

144

.131

.517

1.7

57.7

19.1

2.9

74.0

9.2

1.6

0.6

10.2

9.6

0.9

0.4

10.1

65.4

21.6

15.1

71.8

4.6

0.5

4.9

0.5

7.7

28.6

1999

188.

720

4.2

160.

347

.231

.717

5.8

60.0

19.8

3.3

76.5

9.3

1.8

0.6

10.5

9.9

1.1

0.4

10.7

63.9

23.3

14.8

72.5

4.5

0.7

5.1

0.3

7.6

28.4

2000

187.

820

4.6

159.

449

.532

.717

6.2

58.8

20.3

3.5

75.5

9.2

1.9

0.5

10.6

9.8

1.3

0.4

10.7

63.8

24.6

15.1

73.3

4.6

1.1

6.5

0.3

6.5

28.4

2001

176.

819

7.1

148.

549

.329

.116

8.7

56.1

20.6

3.0

73.7

8.1

2.0

0.4

9.7

8.7

1.5

0.4

9.9

59.6

23.8

14.2

69.2

4.9

1.1

6.2

0.2

4.9

28.4

2002

174.

819

7.5

148.

251

.128

.417

0.9

57.2

21.7

3.0

75.9

8.1

2.6

0.4

10.4

9.3

1.5

0.3

10.5

59.3

23.8

15.2

67.9

4.8

1.3

6.0

0.1

3.5

26.6

2003

171.

220

0.1

144.

753

.024

.017

3.6

55.8

22.0

2.9

74.9

7.9

2.8

0.4

10.3

9.1

1.7

0.3

10.5

58.7

24.8

12.1

71.5

4.8

1.2

5.5

0.4

2.9

26.5

2004

177.

021

1.1

150.

059

.725

.618

4.2

59.3

25.5

2.9

81.9

7.8

4.1

0.5

11.5

9.5

2.2

0.4

11.3

59.8

25.8

13.0

72.6

4.8

1.1

5.7

1.0

3.1

27.0

2005

178.

621

2.6

151.

459

.925

.918

5.5

60.2

25.8

3.0

83.0

7.7

4.3

0.4

11.6

9.5

2.4

0.5

11.4

60.8

24.7

13.5

72.0

4.8

1.7

5.3

0.9

3.1

27.1

2006

173.

020

3.6

148.

456

.626

.017

9.0

58.8

23.5

3.3

79.0

7.1

4.0

0.4

10.7

9.4

2.3

0.6

11.1

61.1

24.7

13.7

72.1

3.9

1.5

5.3

0.7

2.8

24.6

2007

164.

718

4.9

138.

748

.328

.015

8.9

54.5

18.8

3.0

70.3

6.6

3.1

0.4

9.3

8.6

2.0

0.5

10.1

55.8

23.1

14.9

64.0

4.0

1.0

5.4

0.2

3.8

26.0

2008

151.

315

9.6

123.

838

.129

.813

2.2

41.7

13.0

2.8

51.9

5.6

2.2

0.5

7.3

7.4

1.4

0.5

8.3

55.4

20.9

16.4

59.9

4.1

0.5

4.9

0.1

4.8

27.4

2009

138.

414

0.1

109.

628

.627

.011

1.3

36.0

9.3

2.3

42.9

4.8

1.7

0.4

6.2

6.3

1.0

0.4

6.9

49.8

16.3

15.3

50.8

4.1

0.3

5.0

0.1

3.6

28.8

2010

144.

914

3.6

114.

730

.431

.811

3.4

35.2

9.7

3.1

41.8

5.0

2.0

0.6

6.4

6.2

0.9

0.4

6.7

53.4

17.3

17.0

53.7

4.2

0.3

6.3

0.2

4.3

30.2

2011

150.

114

4.8

118.

629

.634

.911

3.3

38.8

9.6

3.6

44.8

5.0

2.0

0.5

6.4

6.2

0.8

0.4

6.6

52.4

16.8

18.4

50.7

4.3

0.3

7.5

0.1

4.4

31.6

2012

154.

715

1.0

121.

729

.633

.311

8.0

40.3

10.1

3.8

46.7

5.1

2.1

0.6

6.6

6.1

0.8

0.4

6.5

53.1

16.0

17.2

52.0

5.7

0.4

6.7

0.1

4.7

32.9

2013

160.

815

5.6

126.

532

.537

.712

1.3

43.5

11.7

4.2

50.9

5.2

2.5

0.6

7.1

6.6

0.9

0.3

7.1

52.6

17.1

21.0

48.7

7.0

0.4

7.2

0.1

4.5

34.3

2014

165.

716

3.2

130.

134

.937

.412

7.5

46.7

13.1

4.5

55.4

5.0

2.5

0.5

7.1

6.6

1.4

0.3

7.7

51.8

17.4

20.6

48.5

8.4

0.3

6.9

0.1

4.7

35.7

2015

167.

516

7.0

130.

535

.936

.412

9.9

47.2

14.4

4.0

57.6

4.9

2.9

0.4

7.5

6.7

1.4

0.2

7.9

50.5

16.6

20.4

46.7

9.8

0.4

5.6

0.1

5.8

37.0

2016

170.

617

2.8

132.

238

.135

.913

4.4

47.8

16.6

4.3

60.0

5.0

3.1

0.4

7.7

6.7

1.2

0.2

7.7

50.7

16.7

20.0

47.3

11.1

0.4

6.0

0.1

4.8

38.4

2017

174.

817

4.9

135.

037

.637

.613

5.1

49.2

15.9

4.8

60.2

5.1

3.3

0.5

7.9

6.5

1.3

0.3

7.5

50.5

16.5

20.6

46.3

12.5

0.5

6.1

0.1

5.2

39.8

a Conv

ersi

on fa

ctor

s ta

ken

from

GTR

RM

-199

(53)

.h In

clud

es b

oth

wood

pul

p an

d th

e wo

od p

ulp

equi

vale

nt o

f pap

er a

nd b

oard

exc

ept h

ardb

oard

and

insu

latin

g bo

ard.

b U.S.

Dep

artm

ent o

f Agr

icul

ture

, For

est S

ervi

ce (2

3); P

ine

Chem

ical

s As

soci

atio

n (3

3); d

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing;

i Incl

udes

pul

pwoo

d (e

xcep

t chi

ps),

wood

pul

p, a

nd th

e wo

od p

ulp

equi

vale

nt o

f pap

er a

nd b

oard

exc

ept h

ardb

oard

and

insu

latin

g bo

ard.

data

for w

ood

pulp

hav

e be

en re

vise

d; a

ir-dr

y we

ight

con

tain

s 15

% m

oist

ure

cont

ent.

j Incl

udes

coo

pera

ge lo

gs, p

oles

and

pilin

g, fe

nce

post

s, h

ewn

ties,

roun

d m

ine

timbe

rs, b

ox b

olts

, exc

elsi

or b

olts

, c In

clud

es h

ardw

ood

and

softw

ood

palle

ts. P

alle

ts e

quat

e 20

% o

f lum

ber.

chem

ical

woo

d, s

hing

le b

olts

, and

mis

cella

neou

s ite

ms.

d In

clud

es h

ardw

ood

and

softw

ood

plyw

ood

and

lam

inat

ed v

enee

r lum

ber.

LVL

begi

ns in

198

0.k Do

esn'

t inc

lude

OSB

unt

il 19

80.

e Incl

udes

har

dboa

rd, p

artic

lebo

ard,

insu

latin

g bo

ard,

OSB

and

MDF

. l Do

esn'

t inc

lude

OSB

.f Ex

clud

es w

ood

pulp

use

d in

har

dboa

rd a

nd in

sula

ting

boar

d. In

clud

es w

ood

pulp

and

oth

er.

mDo

esn'

t inc

lude

OSB

, MDF

,and

Pap

erbo

ard

until

196

7.W

ood

pulp

/100

0 ad

ded

to o

ther

/100

(Tab

le 4

5).

n Prio

r to

2000

, Pul

pwoo

d Lo

gs a

re n

ot in

clud

ed in

logs

.g Ex

clud

es v

enee

r pro

duce

d an

d co

nsum

ed in

indu

strie

s ot

her t

han

the

plyw

ood

indu

stry

.z No

t Ava

ilabl

e.

All p

rodu

cts

The

weig

ht o

f woo

d in

pro

duct

s

Lum

berc

Plyw

ood

and

vene

erd

Pan

el p

rodu

ctse

Woo

d pu

lpf

Logs

nPu

lpwo

od c

hip

Tota

l


37

Tabl

e 8b

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

tim

ber

prod

ucts

(exc

lude

s ad

ditiv

es a

nd fi

llers

) in

tons

, by

maj

or p

rodu

ct, 1

965–

2017

(tho

usan

d m

etri

c to

ns,a a

ir-d

ry w

eigh

t of w

ood)

b

The

weig

ht o

f woo

d in

pro

duct

s

Oth

erFu

el-

All p

rodu

cts

Tota

lLu

mbe

rcPl

ywoo

d an

d ve

neer

d P

anel

pro

duct

se W

ood

pulp

fin

dust

rial

Logs

nPu

lpwo

od c

hip

wood

prod

ucts

, pr

oduc

-Pr

o-Co

n-

Pro-

Co

n-

Pro-

Co

n-

Pro-

Co

n-

Pro-

Co

n-

Pro-

Con-

pr

oduc

tion

tion

and

duc-

su

mp-

du

c-Im

- Ex

- su

mp-

du

c-Im

-Ex

- su

mp-

du

c-

Im-

Ex-

sum

p-

duc-

Im-

Ex-

sum

p-

duc-

Im-

Ex-

sum

p-

and

con-

Im

-Ex

-Im

-Ex

-co

nsum

p-Ye

artio

ntio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ntio

npo

rtspo

rtstio

ngtio

nkpo

rtsl

ports

mtio

ntio

npo

rtsh

ports

itio

nsu

mpt

ionj

ports

ports

ports

ports

tion

1965

111,

188

119,

422

94,7

1214

,613

6,37

910

2,94

642

,142

4,83

690

246

,077

6,19

862

618

6,80

62,

663

224

222,

865

33,2

038,

773

2,66

039

,316

7,72

915

32,

687

z91

16,4

7619

6611

5,01

612

3,18

098

,509

15,5

647,

400

106,

673

42,2

574,

863

1,00

246

,118

6,46

374

928

7,18

42,

860

181

273,

013

35,7

309,

556

2,94

142

,345

7,79

821

53,

128

z27

216

,507

1967

114,

715

120,

158

97,7

9514

,913

9,47

010

3,23

840

,898

4,76

11,

103

44,5

566,

340

743

477,

036

3,04

418

026

3,19

935

,335

9,05

63,

225

41,1

667,

108

173

4,43

5z

635

16,9

2019

6812

2,83

212

7,30

210

5,40

416

,439

11,9

0710

9,93

641

,008

5,65

81,

099

45,5

677,

105

1,12

940

8,19

43,

672

246

303,

888

39,3

769,

228

3,66

544

,939

7,10

817

85,

775

z1,

361

17,4

2819

6912

5,45

513

0,45

510

7,99

517

,633

12,6

3311

2,99

640

,124

5,85

21,

085

44,8

916,

619

1,26

310

87,

775

4,20

227

542

4,43

541

,385

10,0

594,

063

47,3

818,

281

184

5,38

9z

1,99

517

,460

1970

128,

161

129,

948

108,

082

16,7

4814

,961

109,

869

38,7

395,

617

1,18

043

,176

6,84

81,

221

917,

978

4,18

319

146

4,32

840

,626

9,39

55,

014

45,0

078,

999

325

6,16

4z

2,52

320

,079

1971

131,

357

136,

915

111,

786

18,3

7212

,814

117,

344

41,2

446,

934

1,06

947

,109

7,86

11,

516

589,

320

5,33

125

855

5,53

441

,829

9,47

54,

390

46,9

158,

309

189

5,14

7z

2,06

419

,571

1972

138,

714

143,

839

118,

556

20,9

5515

,830

123,

680

42,1

858,

621

1,41

449

,392

8,61

31,

884

125

10,3

726,

360

409

696,

700

44,5

659,

952

4,57

449

,943

7,13

688

7,06

4z

2,63

420

,158

1973

141,

844

145,

413

122,

765

21,4

8217

,913

126,

334

43,2

258,

804

1,87

350

,156

8,49

01,

510

226

9,77

46,

888

412

927,

208

46,1

2910

,755

4,49

952

,385

6,83

20

7,57

0z

3,63

119

,079

1974

135,

125

136,

943

114,

237

19,2

5817

,440

116,

055

39,0

896,

711

1,68

744

,114

7,27

898

230

87,

952

6,17

728

112

46,

333

45,8

1111

,112

5,31

551

,608

5,90

717

25,

942

z4,

033

20,8

8819

7512

3,70

612

2,90

810

3,72

315

,091

15,8

8910

2,92

536

,377

5,44

01,

566

40,2

527,

168

1,14

643

17,

884

5,44

210

710

25,

447

40,1

108,

198

4,50

343

,805

5,31

419

95,

997

z3,

315

19,9

8319

7613

6,27

813

6,84

311

6,72

318

,896

18,3

3111

7,28

840

,175

7,47

01,

785

45,8

608,

171

1,41

040

09,

180

6,72

319

811

16,

810

45,0

539,

619

4,67

649

,996

5,17

619

97,

308

z4,

117

19,5

5519

7714

4,78

314

8,67

812

2,11

521

,702

17,8

0712

6,01

042

,898

9,68

41,

624

50,9

598,

611

1,35

218

39,

780

7,59

629

210

47,

784

46,4

2210

,026

4,70

451

,744

5,31

434

76,

903

z4,

371

22,6

6819

7815

4,45

616

0,57

812

4,97

824

,352

18,2

3013

1,10

043

,929

11,0

221,

786

53,1

658,

853

1,51

616

510

,203

7,86

940

878

8,19

947

,435

11,1

884,

700

53,9

235,

452

218

7,66

7z

3,77

429

,478

1979

162,

773

165,

522

127,

383

23,9

5421

,205

130,

132

43,9

0610

,426

2,12

452

,208

8,70

61,

247

216

9,73

77,

393

390

737,

710

48,3

3111

,592

5,26

054

,663

5,59

029

98,

763

z4,

693

35,3

9019

8016

1,01

516

0,04

211

9,02

621

,145

22,1

1811

8,05

338

,873

8,90

42,

515

45,2

627,

278

732

208

7,80

26,

341

280

786,

543

48,8

0110

,942

7,29

952

,445

5,72

828

77,

333

z4,

672

41,9

8919

8115

7,00

415

8,82

811

2,28

920

,784

18,9

6011

4,11

334

,744

8,59

92,

432

40,9

117,

419

898

367

7,95

06,

073

297

126

6,24

448

,788

10,7

636,

628

52,9

235,

866

227

5,69

9z

3,69

944

,715

1982

166,

933

168,

329

110,

743

20,1

4018

,743

112,

140

34,7

488,

404

2,03

241

,120

7,25

71,

118

248

8,12

85,

211

398

495,

559

47,3

259,

956

6,24

851

,033

6,00

426

37,

214

z2,

984

56,1

8919

8317

7,33

918

2,21

812

3,41

524

,866

19,9

8612

8,29

541

,467

10,9

922,

335

50,1

248,

806

1,63

530

810

,133

6,67

757

661

7,19

249

,826

11,2

926,

739

54,3

796,

142

371

7,87

5z

2,62

353

,924

1984

188,

447

197,

289

130,

898

28,0

8319

,240

139,

740

44,9

1712

,253

2,23

754

,933

9,00

31,

501

205

10,2

996,

893

722

667,

549

53,5

2013

,277

6,47

260

,325

6,28

033

07,

859

z2,

426

57,5

4919

8518

2,53

119

2,60

612

7,70

129

,810

19,7

3513

7,77

644

,266

13,4

801,

822

55,9

249,

018

1,84

918

410

,683

6,95

273

410

87,

578

49,9

8613

,524

6,42

657

,083

6,41

822

38,

642

z2,

418

54,8

3019

8619

1,83

520

1,26

613

5,75

730

,768

21,3

3814

5,18

849

,323

13,1

072,

429

60,0

009,

848

1,92

134

011

,429

7,18

577

312

47,

833

52,0

9314

,062

7,64

658

,509

6,55

617

78,

221

729

2,53

356

,078

1987

190,

402

199,

165

143,

909

32,7

2323

,960

152,

672

53,3

1513

,748

3,26

863

,795

10,2

392,

330

428

12,1

417,

362

784

165

7,98

254

,264

15,1

518,

163

61,2

526,

832

186

9,24

152

42,

657

46,4

9219

8819

4,49

819

7,49

014

8,45

831

,771

28,7

7815

1,45

153

,981

12,3

674,

624

61,7

2410

,130

1,99

155

711

,564

7,49

775

322

18,

028

55,3

6815

,620

8,85

962

,129

7,03

915

310

,790

887

3,65

546

,039

1989

195,

038

196,

633

149,

801

31,6

0630

,011

151,

397

53,9

4313

,703

4,20

863

,439

9,62

31,

177

783

10,0

187,

618

474

294

7,79

855

,828

15,4

479,

504

61,7

717,

660

8810

,583

716

4,54

645

,237

1990

194,

250

194,

100

148,

220

29,3

5129

,501

148,

070

52,7

4511

,727

4,55

459

,919

9,42

91,

001

887

9,54

37,

466

429

346

7,54

956

,510

15,4

9810

,039

61,9

697,

757

529,

474

643

4,83

846

,030

1991

200,

346

196,

371

142,

633

26,9

2430

,898

138,

659

48,4

7510

,493

3,99

254

,976

8,47

286

679

08,

548

7,39

134

036

97,

362

56,6

7014

,587

11,5

8559

,673

7,60

531

8,45

860

75,

562

57,7

1219

9219

0,19

918

8,00

514

4,96

329

,174

31,3

6814

2,76

850

,143

12,0

483,

686

58,5

058,

715

1,05

390

18,

867

7,86

240

646

37,

805

57,4

3315

,201

12,9

1959

,716

7,54

10

7,37

346

45,

896

45,2

3719

9318

2,40

718

6,29

414

3,61

532

,915

29,0

2814

7,50

249

,955

13,8

053,

493

60,2

678,

754

1,06

085

58,

959

8,26

846

546

98,

264

57,5

5816

,692

12,0

9462

,156

7,13

721

16,

468

682

5,47

538

,792

1994

180,

521

185,

422

145,

585

34,6

9029

,789

150,

486

51,2

9214

,895

3,36

562

,822

9,03

71,

004

743

9,29

88,

706

690

545

8,85

259

,047

17,5

0612

,937

63,6

165,

535

248

6,03

534

65,

935

34,9

3519

9517

8,21

418

3,33

214

4,08

836

,848

31,7

3014

9,20

649

,973

15,7

363,

265

62,4

458,

946

1,15

777

49,

329

8,07

471

961

58,

178

59,0

8218

,328

14,4

0563

,005

5,34

118

16,

342

727

6,33

034

,126

1996

174,

750

178,

774

144,

211

36,3

0432

,280

148,

235

50,6

7916

,494

3,24

163

,932

8,84

01,

052

765

9,12

68,

621

723

588

8,75

558

,439

16,9

7414

,773

60,6

414,

720

259

5,92

780

26,

986

30,5

3919

9717

3,54

317

9,12

814

6,56

038

,603

33,0

1815

2,14

552

,269

16,5

893,

375

65,4

838,

383

1,24

791

58,

714

8,67

080

454

08,

934

60,1

8418

,966

15,7

4363

,407

4,55

528

75,

393

710

7,10

726

,983

1998

170,

222

181,

996

144,

318

40,0

1328

,612

156,

092

52,3

6817

,344

2,61

367

,098

8,35

21,

429

499

9,28

28,

711

813

392

9,50

459

,291

19,5

5113

,721

65,1

214,

210

417

4,44

846

06,

939

25,9

0419

9917

1,16

718

5,53

614

5,37

442

,777

28,7

5015

9,74

354

,465

17,9

733,

008

69,4

298,

396

1,65

350

69,

543

9,00

81,

036

408

9,97

857

,951

21,1

6713

,387

65,7

314,

113

662

4,58

328

66,

857

25,7

9320

0017

0,32

418

5,80

114

4,57

944

,882

29,6

9616

0,05

653

,348

18,3

923,

218

68,5

228,

385

1,68

847

09,

602

8,92

91,

196

424

9,99

257

,894

22,2

9713

,705

66,4

864,

141

1,01

15,

933

298

5,94

725

,745

2001

160,

371

179,

151

134,

663

44,7

4326

,437

153,

422

50,8

5018

,718

2,71

766

,851

7,33

01,

851

350

8,83

07,

866

1,40

137

89,

363

54,1

0021

,584

12,9

0262

,782

4,41

01,

032

5,66

515

74,

424

25,7

2920

02r

159,

126

180,

656

134,

444

46,3

4724

,938

156,

529

51,8

7019

,664

2,71

268

,822

7,35

82,

359

324

9,39

38,

407

1,38

534

39,

464

53,8

0721

,599

13,8

1361

,593

4,38

11,

207

5,46

113

23,

171

24,1

2620

0315

5,25

018

1,49

113

1,20

348

,032

21,7

9215

7,44

450

,582

19,9

272,

614

67,8

957,

129

2,54

133

99,

331

8,22

91,

576

280

9,52

553

,276

22,4

9310

,961

64,8

084,

389

1,11

95,

002

377

2,59

624

,047

2004

160,

532

191,

482

136,

089

54,1

6023

,210

167,

038

53,7

6523

,158

2,67

174

,252

7,09

93,

743

416

10,4

268,

657

2,00

440

310

,259

54,2

1923

,366

11,7

6165

,824

4,38

91,

020

5,14

287

02,

818

24,4

4420

0516

1,96

019

2,80

913

7,35

754

,327

23,4

7716

8,20

754

,565

23,4

392,

764

75,2

406,

948

3,90

236

710

,483

8,65

02,

163

428

10,3

8555

,166

22,4

2112

,279

65,3

084,

389

1,58

34,

851

819

2,78

824

,602

2006

156,

936

184,

673

134,

587

51,3

0323

,566

162,

324

53,3

7121

,273

3,00

071

,644

6,47

93,

601

335

9,74

58,

484

2,12

651

210

,099

55,4

3222

,370

12,4

1865

,384

3,51

91,

316

4,76

261

62,

540

22,3

4820

0714

9,36

816

7,74

212

5,76

243

,814

25,4

3914

4,13

749

,425

17,0

362,

706

63,7

555,

969

2,85

238

08,

441

7,78

21,

809

475

9,11

550

,622

20,9

6513

,512

58,0

753,

597

939

4,92

221

43,

445

23,6

0620

0813

7,18

914

4,74

411

2,32

734

,570

27,0

1611

9,88

137

,798

11,7

532,

502

47,0

495,

105

1,98

542

86,

662

6,74

21,

240

449

7,53

450

,286

19,0

0014

,916

54,3

703,

674

494

4,40

598

4,31

724

,863

2009

125,

556

127,

043

99,4

3625

,953

24,4

6610

0,92

332

,634

8,40

42,

089

38,9

494,

373

1,57

632

05,

629

5,68

393

239

96,

215

45,1

8614

,749

13,8

4946

,086

3,75

123

54,

528

563,

281

26,1

2020

1013

1,44

513

0,21

210

4,06

827

,608

28,8

4010

2,83

531

,954

8,82

22,

833

37,9

444,

546

1,77

051

75,

799

5,63

383

437

46,

094

48,4

4915

,697

15,4

6048

,686

3,82

928

35,

716

200

3,94

127

,377

2011

136,

183

131,

364

107,

549

26,8

2631

,644

102,

730

35,1

808,

730

3,28

440

,627

4,50

91,

827

489

5,84

65,

618

691

332

5,97

847

,484

15,2

2616

,688

46,0

223,

906

261

6,81

591

4,03

628

,634

2012

140,

281

136,

935

110,

406

26,8

3830

,184

107,

060

36,5

449,

183

3,40

742

,320

4,61

91,

946

533

6,03

15,

552

710

322

5,94

048

,188

14,5

4815

,565

47,1

715,

145

397

6,06

755

4,29

029

,875

2013

145,

877

141,

167

114,

761

29,5

1834

,229

110,

050

39,4

2310

,575

3,80

846

,190

4,70

42,

250

510

6,44

45,

963

781

290

6,45

447

,701

15,4

91

19,0

37

44,1

556,

385

369

6,51

653

4,06

931

,116

2014

150,

315

148,

009

117,

957

31,6

2333

,928

115,

652

42,3

8311

,917

4,05

150

,249

4,53

82,

292

425

6,40

45,

981

1,23

624

06,

978

46,9

4315

,806

18,7

2444

,025

7,62

431

26,

247

604,

241

32,3

5820

1515

1,94

515

1,44

111

8,34

632

,552

33,0

5611

7,84

242

,810

13,0

563,

656

52,2

094,

489

2,65

036

56,

774

6,03

51,

282

195

7,12

345

,832

15,0

7318

,523

42,3

818,

864

407

5,10

184

5,21

633

,599

2016

154,

704

156,

702

119,

864

34,5

4932

,551

121,

862

43,3

2315

,040

3,94

354

,420

4,57

32,

794

399

6,96

86,

051

1,12

920

06,

980

45,9

4015

,122

18,1

3542

,927

10,1

0334

05,

482

124

4,39

334

,840

2017

158,

571

158,

590

122,

490

34,0

8534

,066

122,

509

44,5

8014

,413

4,37

454

,619

4,66

22,

964

445

7,18

25,

898

1,20

729

16,

814

45,7

7214

,947

18,7

2141

,998

11,3

4244

75,

529

106

4,70

636

,081

a Conv

ersi

on fa

ctor

s ta

ken

from

GTR

RM

-199

(53)

.h In

clud

es b

oth

wood

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p an

d th

e wo

od p

ulp

equi

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nt o

f pap

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exc

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and

insu

latin

g bo

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b U.S.

Dep

artm

ent o

f Agr

icul

ture

, For

est S

ervi

ce (4

7); P

ine

Chem

ical

s As

soci

atio

n (3

3); D

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

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ing;

i Incl

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ps),

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equi

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nt o

f pap

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exc

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and

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g bo

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for w

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pulp

hav

e be

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d; a

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ight

con

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s 15

% m

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cont

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ties,

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, c In

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es h

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and

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palle

ts. P

alle

ts e

quat

e 20

% o

f lum

ber.

chem

ical

woo

d, s

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le b

olts

, and

mis

cella

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d In

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es h

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ns in

198

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d. In

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38

Table 9—U.S. annual industrial wood product production in thousands of short tons, product weight, 1965–2017a

Otherindustrialproducts,

Laminated Hardwood Lumber Medium-density Pulp productionSoftwood Oriented veneer plywood Softwood Hardwood made at Particleboard Hardboard fiberboard paper and con- Insulating

Year Total plywoodb strandboardb lumberb and veneerc lumberd lumberd pallet plantse productionf productiong productionf and boardh sumptioni boardj

1965 108,868 6,807 z z 1,345 28,599 15,929 171 1,059 913 105 43,465 9,240 1,2341966 113,194 7,140 z z 1,362 28,162 16,488 203 1,333 964 117 46,971 9,323 1,1311967 110,997 7,086 z z 1,257 27,503 15,712 204 1,510 949 130 46,969 8,498 1,1781968 116,505 8,036 z z 1,318 28,589 14,740 225 1,956 1,160 145 50,561 8,498 1,2761969 119,987 7,489 z z 1,227 27,669 14,727 262 2,365 1,327 161 53,530 9,900 1,3301970 119,523 7,842 z z 1,179 26,876 14,057 247 2,434 1,370 179 53,408 10,758 1,1731971 124,453 9,097 z z 1,263 29,326 14,254 270 3,317 1,633 198 53,753 9,933 1,4101972 130,569 10,021 z z 1,332 30,239 14,334 303 4,330 1,812 220 58,009 8,531 1,4391973 134,386 10,011 z z 1,186 30,836 14,837 363 4,866 1,891 245 60,548 8,168 1,4371974 126,340 8,683 z z 919 27,046 14,257 402 4,324 1,767 272 60,403 7,062 1,2051975 113,646 8,777 z z 690 26,112 12,325 312 3,520 1,775 302 52,393 6,353 1,0871976 128,233 10,084 z z 711 29,873 13,462 383 4,485 2,120 394 59,283 6,188 1,2511977 134,926 10,596 z z 779 31,923 14,343 462 5,019 2,411 620 61,149 6,353 1,2711978 139,305 10,918 z z 778 32,704 15,120 529 5,231 2,445 714 63,085 6,518 1,2621979 141,932 10,748 z z 755 32,509 15,706 580 4,748 2,402 713 65,873 6,683 1,2151980 134,084 8,932 84 53 681 27,530 15,452 505 4,148 1,919 693 66,217 6,848 1,0211981 129,344 9,161 169 70 641 24,797 12,622 494 4,035 1,908 726 66,931 7,013 7801982 124,212 8,666 348 70 909 23,222 13,494 447 3,365 1,746 627 63,483 7,178 6571983 141,762 10,653 838 88 971 29,020 14,794 505 4,231 2,282 849 69,352 7,343 8361984 150,006 10,897 1,276 88 988 30,434 17,027 591 4,494 2,137 892 72,742 7,508 9341985 148,775 11,030 1,668 123 881 30,577 16,196 650 4,684 1,969 963 71,459 7,673 9041986 160,772 12,096 2,196 140 912 34,435 17,680 721 5,067 1,819 1,098 75,964 7,838 8061987 170,449 12,523 2,548 158 1,000 37,415 19,006 797 5,212 1,705 1,264 79,830 8,168 8231988 174,787 12,359 2,878 193 1,019 37,224 19,813 876 5,385 1,599 1,320 82,847 8,415 8591989 175,777 11,695 3,191 210 1,011 36,653 20,345 943 5,425 1,624 1,364 83,257 9,158 9011990 176,550 11,440 3,386 280 1,009 34,941 20,792 996 5,352 1,570 1,336 85,307 9,273 8681991 171,867 10,200 3,508 280 982 32,373 18,847 1,005 5,304 1,530 1,347 86,546 9,092 8531992 179,502 10,572 4,158 298 934 33,706 19,276 1,046 5,597 1,648 1,499 90,885 9,016 8681993 180,831 10,563 4,376 368 992 32,165 20,620 960 5,964 1,640 1,633 92,154 8,532 8661994 185,905 10,740 4,679 403 1,182 33,297 20,900 863 6,387 1,627 1,759 96,595 6,617 8571995 185,630 10,591 4,939 490 1,209 31,467 21,337 768 5,906 1,541 1,557 98,582 6,386 8571996 186,758 10,490 5,821 560 1,171 32,476 21,074 660 6,270 1,650 1,752 98,334 5,643 8571997 193,114 9,824 6,584 665 1,229 33,844 21,386 733 6,372 1,407 1,948 102,822 5,445 8571998 191,746 9,721 7,017 718 1,288 33,853 21,480 744 6,459 1,344 1,970 101,262 5,033 8571999 196,307 9,743 7,258 838 1,323 35,736 21,814 735 6,773 1,371 1,987 102,955 4,917 8572000 193,159 9,557 7,441 833 1,487 35,110 21,259 735 6,756 1,182 2,093 100,900 4,950 8572001 182,836 8,269 7,833 935 1,381 33,760 19,970 735 5,760 1,038 1,946 95,080 5,273 8572002 185,987 8,313 8,391 982 1,376 34,979 19,828 735 6,207 912 2,280 95,890 5,238 8572003 182,803 8,042 8,509 1,181 1,343 35,738 17,709 735 5,603 1,345 2,261 94,232 5,247 8572004 191,271 8,020 8,919 1,510 1,327 38,147 18,662 735 6,053 1,212 2,457 98,124 5,247 8572005 191,576 7,837 9,366 1,586 1,311 38,825 18,829 735 5,781 1,358 2,588 97,256 5,247 8572006 189,022 7,343 9,350 1,402 1,188 37,806 18,586 735 5,702 1,209 2,610 98,025 4,208 8572007 182,854 6,695 9,227 1,185 1,162 34,323 17,901 735 4,982 1,035 2,656 97,795 4,300 8572008 162,841 5,598 8,127 823 1,115 28,484 11,453 735 4,101 911 2,400 93,844 4,392 8572009 143,476 4,708 5,999 516 1,040 22,688 11,794 735 3,085 696 2,350 84,524 4,485 8572010 148,254 4,994 6,437 649 985 24,213 9,550 735 3,216 849 2,000 89,193 4,577 8572011 150,092 4,911 6,274 667 1,017 26,119 11,053 735 3,221 771 2,053 87,744 4,670 8572012 153,236 5,021 6,899 807 1,051 27,585 11,028 735 3,220 688 2,053 87,141 6,151 8572013 158,986 5,111 7,808 936 1,074 29,270 12,385 735 3,264 781 2,429 86,703 7,633 8572014 162,840 4,914 8,130 1,050 1,051 30,742 14,040 735 3,358 791 2,344 85,713 9,115 8572015 164,503 4,786 8,302 1,075 1,112 31,267 13,966 735 3,417 785 2,355 85,249 10,596 8572016 166,440 4,817 8,701 1,138 1,188 31,762 14,013 735 3,298 840 2,446 84,567 12,078 8572017 169,850 4,936 9,131 1,272 1,188 33,083 14,020 735 3,171 843 2,383 84,670 13,560 857

aSources for recent production data (some earlier data are Forest Service estimates or from Dept. of Commerce).bAPA – The Engineered Wood Association (11).cDept. of Commerce (to 1988); 1989–1990 data from Hardwood Plywood & Veneer Association; later estimates based on trendsin value of shipments (Dept. of Commerce); hardwood veneer based on Census of Manufactures data and trend in value of shipments.d1965–1976 based on Commerce Department data and Forest Service estimates; 1976–1998 American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA)Statistical Roundup (4) (1996 hardwood estimated by Forest Service; 1997–1998 hardwood estimate from Miller Freeman). Hardwood Market Report (19a): 2008–present.[Note that Commerce Dept. reported hardwood lumber production is understood to underestimate actual production as reflected in Forest Service estimates since 1900.]eForest Service estimate of lumber cut from roundwood at pallet plants. Other lumber (e.g., purchased lumber) used by pallet makers is accounted for under hardwood and softwood lumber production.fComposite Panel Association (based on production data 1959–1977, and 1995–1997; otherwise based on shipments; 1998 data are estimated) (15).gShipments data from American Hardboard Association (1965–1997) and as reported by Miller Freeman (1998); 1998 figure is estimated (8).hAF&PA, formerly API (Statistics of Paper, Paperboard & Woodpulp) (5). Paper and paperboard production includes "Total Paper", "Total Paperboard", and "Building Paper" production.Total production of pulp, paper and paperboard includes market pulp produced for export.iData through 1988 was obtained from U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics reports (USDA Forest Service). Miscellaneous wood product production for 1996 based on timber product output tables in (draft) 1997 RPA Inventory Data Tables; intervening and subsequent data are extrapolated.jDerived using earlier data from Commerce Department MA26A reports (in square feet of product output) to convert tonnage reported in AF&PA and earlier API reports.zNot Available.


39

Roundwood equivalents of production

Industrial wood productivity (industrial

wood product output per unit of roundwood input)

Total industrial wood product

production (from Table 9) Hardwoodsb Softwoodsc Totals

Recovered paper

utilization rate (percent)e

U.S. population

Per capita industrial

wood product production

Year lb/ft 3 Tons/ton Thousand tons Million ft 3 Million ft 3 Million ft 3Thousand

short tons dThousand

metric tons Millions lb/capita1965 19.28 0.6929 108,261 2,912 8,319 11,230 156,247 141,744 23.5% 194.3 1,1141966 19.52 0.7007 112,432 3,045 8,476 11,520 160,461 145,567 22.6% 196.6 1,1441967 19.44 0.6991 110,134 2,900 8,432 11,332 157,547 142,924 21.2% 198.7 1,1091968 19.54 0.7052 115,421 2,842 8,972 11,814 163,678 148,485 20.4% 200.7 1,1501969 19.85 0.7149 118,703 2,979 8,983 11,963 166,052 150,639 22.1% 202.7 1,1711970 18.24 0.6571 118,211 3,211 9,752 12,963 179,886 163,189 22.4% 205.1 1,1531971 19.94 0.7206 122,665 2,895 9,405 12,300 170,218 154,419 22.4% 207.7 1,1811972 20.40 0.7376 128,216 2,935 9,632 12,567 173,840 157,704 22.1% 209.9 1,2221973 20.59 0.7433 131,730 3,064 9,731 12,795 177,225 160,775 23.4% 211.9 1,2431974 20.08 0.7235 123,996 3,051 9,301 12,352 171,383 155,475 24.8% 213.9 1,1591975 19.76 0.7165 111,787 2,473 8,844 11,317 156,016 141,534 24.2% 216.0 1,0351976 20.80 0.7533 125,859 2,722 9,381 12,102 167,078 151,570 24.9% 218.0 1,1551977 21.12 0.7647 132,289 2,821 9,709 12,529 172,986 156,929 25.4% 220.2 1,2021978 21.12 0.7633 136,542 3,030 9,900 12,930 178,891 162,286 24.8% 222.6 1,2271979 21.09 0.7620 139,443 3,125 10,096 13,221 182,998 166,012 25.7% 225.1 1,2391980 21.85 0.7857 131,899 3,093 8,981 12,074 167,867 152,286 26.7% 227.7 1,1591981 22.22 0.8002 127,276 2,856 8,601 11,458 159,052 144,289 26.1% 230.0 1,1071982 21.66 0.7782 122,574 2,940 8,380 11,320 157,505 142,886 26.4% 232.2 1,0561983 21.72 0.7803 139,888 3,364 9,515 12,879 179,269 162,629 26.3% 234.3 1,1941984 22.16 0.7938 148,099 3,652 9,716 13,368 186,568 169,251 26.7% 236.3 1,2531985 21.92 0.7852 146,873 3,671 9,729 13,400 187,048 169,686 26.8% 238.5 1,2321986 21.69 0.7764 158,793 4,053 10,591 14,644 204,535 185,550 28.2% 240.7 1,3191987 21.90 0.7853 168,479 4,149 11,235 15,385 214,546 194,632 28.8% 242.8 1,3881988 22.13 0.7921 172,817 4,330 11,288 15,618 218,165 197,915 30.5% 245.0 1,4111989 22.12 0.7897 173,912 4,553 11,169 15,722 220,233 199,791 31.7% 247.3 1,4061990 22.44 0.8000 174,796 4,609 10,968 15,577 218,500 198,219 33.5% 249.9 1,3991991 22.41 0.7989 170,201 4,493 10,694 15,187 213,032 193,259 36.6% 252.7 1,3471992 23.39 0.8311 177,932 4,717 10,498 15,215 214,088 194,217 38.4% 255.4 1,3931993 24.02 0.8498 179,125 4,921 9,992 14,914 210,784 191,219 38.7% 258.1 1,3881994 24.28 0.8594 184,058 4,956 10,209 15,164 214,175 194,295 41.5% 260.7 1,4121995 23.83 0.8409 184,152 5,288 10,166 15,454 219,002 198,674 44.0% 263.0 1,4001996 24.17 0.8536 185,428 5,186 10,158 15,344 217,241 197,077 45.6% 265.5 1,3971997 24.51 0.8653 191,964 5,322 10,340 15,662 221,839 201,248 44.2% 267.9 1,4331998 24.48 0.8647 190,698 5,259 10,319 15,577 220,533 200,063 44.6% 270.3 1,4111999 25.34 0.8858 197,420 5,255 10,328 15,583 220,593 200,118 44.5% 273.2 1,4452000 25.01 0.8840 194,210 5,201 10,327 15,528 219,707 199,313 46.0% 282.1 1,3772001 24.96 0.8835 184,844 4,857 9,953 14,810 209,218 189,798 48.3% 284.8 1,2982002 25.49 0.8983 188,404 4,762 10,021 14,783 208,578 189,218 48.1% 287.5 1,3112003 24.75 0.8798 182,803 4,542 10,233 14,774 207,771 188,485 50.3% 291.1 1,2562004 26.89 0.9620 191,271 3,971 10,257 14,228 198,827 180,372 49.5% 294.0 1,3012005 26.55 0.9498 191,576 4,028 10,406 14,434 201,706 182,984 51.5% 296.7 1,2912006 26.76 0.9576 189,022 3,940 10,185 14,125 197,387 179,065 53.0% 289.8 1,3052007 26.66 0.9531 182,854 3,886 9,830 13,716 191,861 174,052 56.0% 301.7 1,2122008 27.12 0.9742 162,841 3,141 8,868 12,008 167,158 151,643 57.7% 304.5 1,0702009 26.98 0.9666 143,476 2,907 7,728 10,635 148,435 134,657 63.4% 307.2 9342010 26.94 0.9698 148,254 2,771 8,235 11,006 152,871 138,682 63.5% 309.8 9572011 25.91 0.9327 150,092 2,914 8,672 11,587 160,923 145,986 66.8% 312.0 9622012 25.44 0.9170 153,236 2,967 9,079 12,046 167,110 151,599 65.1% 314.3 9752013 25.34 0.9125 158,986 3,148 9,399 12,547 174,234 158,062 63.5% 316.6 1,0042014 25.14 0.9041 162,840 3,324 9,630 12,954 180,114 163,396 65.4% 318.9 1,0212015 25.07 0.9008 164,503 3,409 9,715 13,124 182,613 165,663 66.8% 321.3 1,0242016 24.97 0.8983 166,440 3,403 9,925 13,329 185,281 168,083 67.2% 323.7 1,0282017 24.90 0.8959 169,850 3,463 10,181 13,643 189,587 171,989 65.8% 325.9 1,042

aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory (21); American Forest & Paper Association (3).bThe average specific gravity for hardwood is 0.52.cThe average specific gravity for softwood is 0.42.dThe weight density of a cubic foot of water in pounds is 62.4. Example: ((0.52*62.4/2000)+(0.42*62.4/2000))*1000.eUtilization Rate is the ratio of recovered paper consumption to total production of paper and board.

Table 10—Industrial wood productivity, 1965–2017a


40

Table 11a—Per capita consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017a

OtherAll Total industrial

Year products roundwood Plywood and veneer Pulp products productsb Fuelwood

Cubic Cubic Cubic Board feet Cubic Board feet Cubic Cubic Cubicfeet feet feet (lumber tally) feet (local log rule) feet Cords feet feet Cords

1965 68.5 63.2 35.6 193 5.9 27 18.9 0.2 2.9 5.3 0.0671966 69.2 63.9 35.0 190 6.1 28 19.9 0.2 2.9 5.3 0.0661967 66.7 61.3 33.6 183 5.9 27 19.2 0.2 2.6 5.4 0.0671968 68.9 63.4 34.4 187 6.8 31 19.8 0.2 2.6 5.5 0.0681969 69.5 64.1 33.4 182 6.3 29 21.4 0.3 3.0 5.4 0.0681970 73.8 67.6 35.9 196 6.4 30 22.1 0.3 3.2 6.2 0.0771971 70.9 65.0 34.7 189 7.4 34 20.0 0.3 2.9 5.9 0.0741972 72.2 66.1 36.2 197 8.1 37 19.4 0.2 2.5 6.1 0.0761973 71.8 66.1 36.3 197 7.7 35 19.8 0.2 2.3 5.7 0.0711974 68.5 62.4 32.9 179 6.3 29 21.2 0.3 2.0 6.2 0.0771975 61.2 55.4 30.7 167 6.2 29 16.7 0.2 1.8 5.8 0.0731976 65.3 59.7 32.2 175 7.2 33 18.6 0.2 1.7 5.7 0.0711977 69.7 63.2 35.8 195 7.6 35 18.1 0.2 1.7 6.5 0.0811978 73.9 65.5 36.9 201 7.8 36 19.1 0.2 1.8 8.3 0.1041979 74.7 64.8 35.4 193 7.3 34 20.3 0.3 1.8 9.9 0.1241980 68.6 57.0 29.6 161 5.8 27 19.8 0.2 1.8 11.6 0.1451981 66.5 54.3 27.2 148 5.7 26 19.5 0.2 1.8 12.2 0.1531982 68.2 53.0 27.0 147 5.6 26 18.5 0.2 1.9 15.2 0.1911983 75.5 61.0 32.6 178 6.9 32 19.6 0.2 1.9 14.5 0.1811984 79.4 64.1 34.8 189 6.9 32 20.5 0.3 1.9 15.3 0.1921985 79.2 64.7 35.1 191 6.9 32 20.7 0.3 1.9 14.5 0.1811986 83.1 68.5 37.0 201 7.3 34 22.2 0.3 2.0 14.7 0.1831987 82.7 70.6 38.6 210 7.5 35 22.5 0.3 2.0 12.1 0.1511988 80.4 68.5 36.8 200 7.1 33 22.6 0.3 2.1 11.8 0.1481989 79.1 67.6 36.9 201 5.9 27 22.5 0.3 2.2 11.5 0.1441990 76.4 64.8 34.1 186 5.6 26 22.8 0.3 2.2 11.6 0.1451991 76.3 61.9 32.5 177 5.0 23 22.2 0.3 2.2 14.4 0.1801992 73.6 62.4 32.9 179 5.0 23 22.3 0.3 2.1 11.2 0.1391993 72.2 62.8 33.4 182 5.0 23 22.3 0.3 2.0 9.5 0.1181994 72.3 63.9 34.6 188 5.1 23 22.7 0.3 1.5 8.4 0.1061995 73.1 64.9 34.0 185 5.0 23 24.4 0.3 1.5 8.2 0.1021996 71.2 64.0 34.6 188 4.9 22 23.2 0.3 1.3 7.2 0.0911997 71.3 64.9 35.2 191 4.6 21 24.0 0.3 1.2 6.3 0.0791998 72.1 66.1 35.7 194 4.7 22 24.5 0.3 1.1 6.0 0.0751999 71.9 66.0 36.6 199 4.8 22 23.5 0.3 1.1 5.9 0.0742000 69.7 63.9 35.1 191 4.6 21 23.2 0.3 1.1 5.7 0.0722001 67.6 61.9 34.1 185 4.3 20 22.4 0.3 1.1 5.7 0.0712002 67.3 62.0 34.8 189 4.4 20 21.7 0.3 1.1 5.3 0.0662003 67.8 62.6 34.2 186 4.3 20 22.9 0.3 1.1 5.2 0.0652004 66.8 61.6 37.1 202 4.7 22 18.6 0.2 1.1 5.2 0.0652005 67.1 61.9 37.3 203 4.7 22 18.8 0.2 1.1 5.2 0.0652006 65.7 60.8 36.3 198 4.5 21 19.2 0.2 0.9 4.9 0.0612007 58.9 54.0 30.8 168 3.7 17 18.5 0.2 0.9 4.9 0.0622008 49.2 44.0 22.8 124 2.9 13 17.5 0.2 0.9 5.1 0.0642009 42.5 37.1 18.3 100 2.4 11 15.5 0.2 0.9 5.4 0.0672010 43.0 37.4 18.1 98 2.5 11 15.9 0.2 0.9 5.6 0.0702011 44.0 38.2 19.1 104 2.5 11 15.7 0.2 0.9 5.8 0.0722012 45.8 39.8 19.8 108 2.5 12 16.2 0.2 1.2 6.0 0.0752013 47.4 41.2 21.4 117 2.7 12 15.6 0.2 1.5 6.2 0.0772014 49.5 43.1 23.1 126 2.7 12 15.6 0.2 1.7 6.4 0.0802015 50.6 44.0 23.9 130 2.8 13 15.3 0.2 2.0 6.6 0.0822016 52.2 45.4 24.8 135 2.9 13 15.4 0.2 2.3 6.8 0.0852017 52.4 45.5 24.8 135 3.0 14 15.2 0.2 2.5 7.0 0.087

aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (48).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bIncludes cooperage logs, poles and piling, fence posts, hewn ties, round mine timbers, box bolts, excelsior bolts, chemical wood, shingle bolts, and miscellaneous items.

Lumber

Industrial roundwood used for


41

Table 11b—Per capita consumption of timber products, by major product,1965–2017 (cubic meters)a

OtherAll Total Plywood Pulp industrial

Year products roundwood Lumber and veneer products productsb Fuelwood1965 1.940 1.789 1.007 0.166 0.534 0.082 0.1511966 1.958 1.808 0.991 0.172 0.564 0.081 0.1501967 1.888 1.736 0.950 0.167 0.545 0.073 0.1521968 1.951 1.796 0.973 0.191 0.559 0.073 0.1551969 1.968 1.814 0.947 0.178 0.605 0.084 0.1541970 2.089 1.914 1.018 0.182 0.625 0.090 0.1751971 2.009 1.840 0.982 0.209 0.567 0.082 0.1681972 2.044 1.873 1.024 0.229 0.549 0.070 0.1711973 2.032 1.872 1.027 0.218 0.561 0.066 0.1611974 1.940 1.766 0.931 0.179 0.600 0.057 0.1741975 1.733 1.568 0.869 0.175 0.472 0.050 0.1651976 1.850 1.690 0.912 0.203 0.526 0.049 0.1601977 1.974 1.790 1.013 0.215 0.512 0.050 0.1841978 2.092 1.855 1.045 0.220 0.540 0.050 0.2361979 2.116 1.835 1.002 0.207 0.575 0.051 0.2801980 1.943 1.614 0.838 0.164 0.560 0.052 0.3291981 1.883 1.536 0.770 0.163 0.551 0.052 0.3471982 1.932 1.501 0.765 0.159 0.523 0.053 0.4321983 2.139 1.729 0.924 0.196 0.555 0.054 0.4111984 2.248 1.814 0.985 0.195 0.580 0.055 0.4341985 2.242 1.832 0.995 0.196 0.585 0.055 0.4101986 2.354 1.938 1.049 0.206 0.628 0.056 0.4161987 2.342 2.000 1.093 0.213 0.637 0.058 0.3421988 2.276 1.941 1.042 0.200 0.640 0.059 0.3351989 2.240 1.914 1.045 0.168 0.637 0.064 0.3261990 2.165 1.836 0.966 0.160 0.646 0.064 0.3291991 2.161 1.754 0.921 0.141 0.630 0.062 0.4071992 2.083 1.767 0.931 0.143 0.633 0.061 0.3161993 2.045 1.777 0.946 0.142 0.632 0.057 0.2681994 2.049 1.809 0.979 0.144 0.643 0.044 0.2391995 2.069 1.838 0.963 0.142 0.691 0.042 0.2311996 2.016 1.811 0.980 0.138 0.657 0.036 0.2051997 2.018 1.839 0.996 0.129 0.679 0.035 0.1801998 2.043 1.872 1.012 0.134 0.694 0.032 0.1711999 2.036 1.868 1.037 0.135 0.665 0.031 0.1682000 1.973 1.810 0.993 0.129 0.658 0.030 0.1632001 1.913 1.752 0.964 0.122 0.634 0.032 0.1612002 1.906 1.756 0.986 0.124 0.615 0.031 0.1502003 1.919 1.771 0.969 0.122 0.650 0.031 0.1472004 1.893 1.744 1.052 0.134 0.528 0.031 0.1482005 1.900 1.752 1.056 0.134 0.532 0.030 0.1482006 1.860 1.723 1.029 0.126 0.542 0.025 0.1382007 1.668 1.528 0.873 0.105 0.525 0.024 0.1402008 1.393 1.247 0.646 0.082 0.494 0.025 0.1462009 1.203 1.051 0.519 0.067 0.439 0.025 0.1522010 1.216 1.059 0.512 0.069 0.452 0.025 0.1582011 1.245 1.081 0.540 0.069 0.446 0.026 0.1642012 1.296 1.127 0.562 0.072 0.459 0.034 0.1702013 1.341 1.166 0.607 0.076 0.441 0.041 0.1752014 1.401 1.220 0.654 0.076 0.441 0.049 0.1812015 1.432 1.246 0.676 0.079 0.434 0.057 0.1872016 1.478 1.286 0.704 0.081 0.437 0.064 0.1922017 1.485 1.287 0.703 0.084 0.429 0.071 0.198

aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (34).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bIncludes cooperage logs, poles and piling, fence posts, hewn ties, round mine timbers, box bolts, excelsior bolts, chemical wood, shingle bolts, and miscellaneous items.

Industrial roundwood used for


42

Table 12—Consumption of selected timber products and other materials used in construction, manufacturing, and shipping, 1965–2017a

Lumber PlywoodTotal Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Consump- Index Consump- Index Consump- Index Consump- Index Consump- Index Consump- IndexYear tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100

Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billionboard board board square feet square feet square feetfeet feet feet (3/8-in. basis) (3/8-in. basis) (3/8-in. basis)

1965 43.0 114.2 33.4 107.4 9.6 146.6 15.5 125.9 12.4 141.9 3.1 86.51966 42.8 113.6 32.8 105.3 10.0 152.8 16.3 132.5 13.0 148.7 3.3 93.01967 41.5 110.1 32.0 102.9 9.5 144.4 16.0 130.0 12.9 147.1 3.2 88.21968 43.0 114.1 34.0 109.4 9.0 136.5 18.5 150.3 14.6 167.3 3.9 108.61969 42.2 112.1 33.2 106.6 9.1 137.8 17.5 141.8 13.5 154.4 4.0 110.81970 40.7 108.1 32.2 103.5 8.5 130.0 18.0 146.2 14.2 162.6 3.8 105.91971 45.0 119.4 36.3 116.8 8.6 131.6 21.0 170.3 16.5 189.0 4.5 124.61972 47.5 126.0 38.8 124.6 8.7 132.5 23.3 188.8 18.1 206.9 5.2 144.41973 48.0 127.3 38.9 124.9 9.1 138.9 22.2 180.1 17.9 204.6 4.3 120.21974 41.7 110.6 33.0 105.9 8.7 132.4 18.3 148.6 15.3 175.3 3.0 83.31975 38.4 101.9 31.1 99.9 7.3 111.8 18.2 147.4 15.3 174.4 2.9 81.21976 44.1 117.0 36.0 115.9 8.0 122.2 21.1 171.2 17.7 202.7 3.4 94.01977 49.3 130.8 40.7 130.7 8.6 131.0 22.5 182.4 19.1 218.3 3.4 94.31978 51.5 136.6 42.6 136.8 8.9 136.0 23.4 189.7 19.7 225.4 3.6 102.01979 50.1 133.0 40.8 131.2 9.3 141.9 22.5 182.3 19.3 220.3 3.2 89.31980 42.8 113.5 33.8 108.7 9.0 136.4 18.2 147.6 16.0 182.8 2.2 61.51981 39.3 104.2 32.0 102.8 7.3 111.0 18.5 150.2 16.1 183.9 2.4 67.51982 39.1 103.8 31.3 100.6 7.8 119.1 18.6 151.0 15.4 176.0 3.2 89.91983 48.5 128.6 40.0 128.5 8.5 129.6 23.1 187.4 18.9 216.2 4.2 116.61984 52.7 140.0 42.9 137.7 9.9 150.6 23.6 191.1 19.6 224.0 3.9 110.51985 54.1 143.6 44.5 143.1 9.6 146.0 24.3 196.8 19.9 227.4 4.4 121.91986 57.9 153.8 47.6 153.1 10.3 157.2 26.1 211.5 21.6 246.5 4.5 125.91987 61.5 163.3 50.5 162.2 11.0 168.2 27.5 223.1 22.2 254.1 5.3 147.41988 59.3 157.3 48.4 155.5 10.9 165.7 26.4 214.2 21.7 247.9 4.7 131.81989 60.7 161.1 49.1 157.9 11.6 176.3 23.3 189.4 20.0 228.4 3.4 93.91990 56.7 150.3 44.9 144.4 11.7 178.7 22.4 181.6 19.3 221.1 3.0 84.91991 52.2 138.5 41.7 134.0 10.5 159.8 20.1 162.7 17.4 198.3 2.7 75.41992 55.9 148.4 45.1 145.1 10.8 163.7 20.8 168.5 17.9 205.0 2.8 79.31993 57.3 152.1 45.7 147.0 11.6 176.1 20.9 169.9 17.9 205.1 3.0 83.61994 60.0 159.2 48.3 155.1 11.8 178.9 21.7 175.9 18.5 211.1 3.2 89.61995 59.5 157.9 47.6 152.9 11.9 181.8 21.6 175.6 18.2 207.5 3.5 97.51996 61.3 162.6 49.5 159.1 11.8 179.2 21.2 172.4 18.0 205.9 3.2 90.31997 62.9 166.8 51.0 163.8 11.9 181.1 20.1 163.4 16.5 188.8 3.6 101.41998 64.5 171.0 52.2 167.9 12.2 186.0 21.2 172.0 17.2 196.4 4.0 112.11999 66.8 177.4 54.4 174.9 12.4 189.1 21.7 175.9 17.3 198.2 4.3 121.22000 66.1 175.4 54.0 173.6 12.1 184.1 21.7 176.3 17.1 196.0 4.6 128.12001 64.9 172.4 53.7 172.6 11.3 171.4 19.8 160.4 15.3 174.5 4.5 125.82002 67.1 178.1 55.8 179.5 11.3 171.5 20.8 168.7 15.7 179.0 5.1 143.42003 67.0 177.7 56.8 182.7 10.1 154.2 20.6 167.2 15.6 178.3 5.0 139.92004 73.5 195.1 62.8 201.7 10.8 164.0 22.5 182.8 16.2 185.1 6.3 177.32005 74.5 197.7 63.6 204.3 10.9 166.5 22.6 183.4 16.3 186.7 6.3 175.32006 70.9 188.2 60.6 194.7 10.3 157.5 21.0 170.1 14.9 169.7 6.1 171.02007 62.5 165.8 52.6 168.9 9.9 151.1 18.3 148.1 12.8 146.0 5.5 153.22008 46.9 124.4 40.7 130.7 6.2 94.4 14.6 118.2 10.4 118.6 4.2 117.52009 37.7 100.0 31.1 100.0 6.6 100.0 12.3 100.0 8.8 100.0 3.6 100.02010 37.8 100.3 32.9 105.8 4.9 74.3 12.7 102.8 8.8 100.3 3.9 109.12011 40.1 106.4 34.4 110.5 5.7 86.8 12.7 103.3 8.7 99.6 4.0 112.32012 42.1 111.6 36.5 117.4 5.5 84.1 13.1 106.2 8.8 100.2 4.3 120.82013 45.8 121.5 39.6 127.1 6.2 94.9 13.9 112.5 9.1 104.3 4.7 132.52014 49.6 131.6 42.5 136.6 7.1 108.2 13.7 111.2 8.9 102.1 4.8 133.72015 51.7 137.1 44.4 142.7 7.3 110.6 14.3 116.4 9.1 104.3 5.2 146.02016 54.3 144.1 47.3 151.9 7.1 107.3 14.8 119.8 9.6 109.5 5.2 145.32017 54.7 145.1 47.9 153.9 6.8 103.2 15.3 124.1 10.3 118.2 4.9 138.4


43

Table 12—Consumption of selected timber products and other materials used in construction, manufacturing, and shipping, 1965–2017a—con. Particleboardb Insulating board Hardboard Portland cementc Bricke

Consump- Index Consump- Index Index Index Index IndexYear tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 Shipments 2009=100 Shipments 2009=100 Shipments 2009=100 Shipments 2009=100

Million Million Millionsquare feet square feet square feet Thousand Thousand Million

(3/4-in. basis) (1/2-in. basis) (1/8-in. basis) tons tons bricks1965 832 17.8 3,395 137.4 2,921 131.2 70,328 89.2 11,836 122.6 8,089 225.61966 1,032 22.1 3,098 125.4 3,083 138.5 71,570 90.8 11,862 122.8 7,552 210.61967 1,166 25.0 3,233 130.9 3,038 136.5 70,315 89.2 11,375 117.8 7,117 198.51968 1,489 31.9 3,525 142.7 3,710 166.7 74,740 94.8 12,195 126.3 7,557 210.81969 1,794 38.4 3,656 148.0 4,247 190.8 77,047 97.8 11,402 118.1 7,290 203.31970 1,851 39.6 3,246 131.4 4,384 196.9 73,407 93.1 10,565 109.4 6,496 181.21971 2,488 53.3 3,889 157.4 5,225 234.7 79,005 100.2 8,666 89.7 7,570 211.11972 3,205 68.6 3,973 160.9 5,798 260.5 82,808 105.1 8,589 88.9 8,402 234.31973 3,574 76.5 3,975 160.9 6,050 271.8 88,459 112.2 10,731 111.1 8,674 241.91974 3,163 67.7 3,252 131.7 5,654 254.0 81,125 102.9 11,360 117.6 6,673 186.11975 2,650 56.7 2,919 118.2 5,681 255.2 69,078 87.6 8,119 84.1 6,262 174.61976 3,449 73.8 3,375 136.6 6,785 304.8 72,833 92.4 7,508 77.7 7,218 201.31977 4,105 87.9 3,485 141.1 7,714 346.6 78,730 99.9 7,553 78.2 8,663 241.61978 4,360 93.3 3,470 140.5 7,825 351.5 84,838 107.6 9,612 99.5 8,586 239.51979 4,020 86.1 3,399 137.6 7,688 345.4 84,860 107.7 9,978 103.3 7,708 215.01980 3,601 77.1 2,818 114.1 6,140 275.8 76,059 96.5 8,742 90.5 6,090 169.91981 3,522 75.4 2,118 85.7 6,105 274.3 71,901 91.2 8,446 87.5 5,059 141.11982 3,564 76.3 1,841 74.5 5,587 251.0 64,602 82.0 6,260 64.8 5,119 142.81983 4,560 97.6 2,398 97.1 7,303 328.1 70,849 89.9 6,276 65.0 6,218 173.41984 5,107 109.3 2,742 111.0 6,837 307.1 81,928 103.9 6,052 62.7 6,991 195.01985 5,292 113.3 2,724 110.3 6,300 283.0 84,779 107.6 6,407 66.3 6,605 184.21986 5,693 121.9 2,415 97.8 5,822 261.6 88,946 112.8 5,141 53.2 7,184 200.41987 6,042 129.3 2,388 96.7 5,458 245.2 90,458 114.8 5,619 58.2 7,601 212.01988 6,239 133.6 2,457 99.5 5,118 229.9 90,299 114.6 6,014 62.3 6,930 193.31989 4,920 105.3 2,621 106.1 5,196 233.4 89,081 113.0 7,041 72.9 7,494 209.01990 4,746 101.6 2,480 100.4 5,025 225.8 87,675 111.2 7,206 74.6 6,873 191.71991 4,654 99.6 2,332 94.4 4,895 219.9 78,058 99.0 7,112 73.6 5,975 166.61992 5,057 108.3 2,458 99.5 5,273 236.9 82,845 105.1 6,848 70.9 6,231 173.81993 5,656 121.1 2,435 98.6 5,248 235.8 86,388 109.6 6,755 69.9 6,655 185.61994 6,271 134.2 2,470 100.0 5,206 233.9 92,698 117.6 7,319 75.8 7,238 201.91995 5,828 124.8 2,470 100.0 4,930 221.5 93,392 118.5 6,988 72.4 6,665 185.91996 6,365 136.3 2,470 100.0 5,280 237.2 98,728 125.3 7,943 82.3 7,448 207.71997 6,691 143.2 2,470 100.0 4,501 202.2 99,812 126.6 7,546 78.1 7,576 211.31998 6,897 147.6 2,470 100.0 4,300 193.2 114,329 145.1 8,400 87.0 8,241 229.81999 7,315 156.6 2,470 100.0 4,386 197.0 120,024 152.3 8,800 91.1 8,932 249.12000 7,986 171.0 2,470 100.0 3,781 169.9 121,332 153.9 8,767 90.8 8,617 240.32001 7,224 154.6 2,470 100.0 3,322 149.2 124,736 158.3 9,188 95.1 7,955 221.92002r 7,200 154.1 2,470 100.0 2,919 131.1 121,279 153.9 8,869 91.8 8,110 226.22003 6,972 149.3 2,470 100.0 4,304 193.3 124,506 158.0 9,953 103.1 8,520 237.62004 7,608 162.9 2,470 100.0 3,880 174.3 133,110 168.9 10,011 103.7 9,389 261.92005r 7,322 156.7 2,470 100.0 4,347 195.3 140,420 178.2 9,208 95.4 9,419 262.72006 6,989 149.6 2,470 100.0 3,870 173.9 141,012 178.9 9,524 98.6 8,900 248.22007 6,345 135.8 2,470 100.0 3,312 148.8 127,261 161.5 10,150 105.1 7,237 201.82008 5,404 115.7 2,470 100.0 2,916 131.0 107,301 136.1 9,657 100.0 5,054 141.02009 4,671 100.0 2,470 100.0 2,226 100.0 78,819 100.0 9,657 100.0 3,586 100.02010 4,634 99.2 2,470 100.0 2,718 122.1 78,390 99.5 8,350 86.5 3,496 97.52011 4,676 100.1 2,470 100.0 2,466 110.8 80,827 102.5 7,379 76.4 z z

2012 4,808 102.9 2,470 100.0 2,201 98.9 79,951 101.4 z z z z

2013 5,367 114.9 2,470 100.0 2,500 112.3 83,187 105.5 z z z z

2014 7,189 153.9 2,470 100.0 2,532 113.7 90,070 114.3 z z z z

2015 7,341 157.1 2,470 100.0 2,513 112.9 93,276 118.3 z z z z

2016 6,593 141.1 2,471 100.0 2,688 120.7 95,179 120.8 z z z z

2017 6,549 140.2 2,470 100.0 2,698 121.2 96,900 122.9 z z z z

aAmerican Plywood Association (11,12,13); Composite Panel Association (15); U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industrial Economics (76);Wood Technology (92); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87). Hardwood Market Report (19a): 2008–present.bIncludes medium-density fiberboard.cU.S. Geological Survey (85).dAmerican Iron & Steel Institute (8). Construction, including maintenance; net shipments.eU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (57,58). rRevised zData no longer available.

Steel productsd


44

Standard unitProduct of measure Volume Valueb Volume Valuec Volume Valuec

Million Million Million dollars dollars dollars

Logs:g,f,k Million board feet Softwoods 69.3 37.4 1,523.6 1,378.4 1,454.3 1,341.0 Hardwoods 83.4 24.5 365.8 854.1 282.3 829.6 Total 1,889.4 2,232.5 1,889.4 2,232.5Lumber:g,e,m Million board feet Softwoods 15,381.9 6,556.0 1,423.5 922.3 (13,958.4) (5,633.7) Hardwoods 354.4 485.1 1,884.6 2,640.0 1,530.2 2,154.9 Railroad tiesf 7.5 2.5 165.2 149.3 157.7 146.8 Total 15,743.9 7,043.6 3,473.4 3,711.6 (12,270.5) (3,332.0)Veneer: Million square feet Softwoodse,f 3/8" thickness 2,194.1 187.8 241.74 30.8 (1,952.4) (157.0) Hardwoodse,f,g 895.3 188.9 1,959.8 261.7 1,064.5 72.9 Total 3,089.5 376.7 2,201.5 292.6 (887.9) (84.1)Plywood:e,f Million square feet Softwoods 3/8" thickness 1,806.0 579.0 194.0 171.7 (1,612.0) (407.3) Hardwoods 3/8" thickness 3,338.4 1,772.9 202.8 91.5 (3,135.6) (1,681.4) Total 5,144.4 2,351.9 396.8 263.2 (4,747.6) (2,088.7)

Particleboarde Million square feet3/4" thickness 686.8 301.6 139.1 79.7 (547.7) (221.9)

Medium-density fiberboarde Million square feet3/4" thickness 2,309.8 994.3 258.7 124.1 (2,051.1) (870.2)

OSB/Waferboarde Million square feet3/8" thickness 2,720.5 1,429.8 78.0 53.2 (2,642.5) (1,376.6)

Hardboarde Million square feet1/8" thickness assumed 927.9 133.2 3,606.1 316.2 2,678.1 182.9

Pulpwood: Thousand cords Roundg,f z z z z z z

Chipsg z z z z z z

Total 39.0 4.3 59.3 11.9 20.3 7.6

Wood pulpg Thousand short tons 6,206.0 3,007.0 8,367.0 5,300.0 2,161.0 2,293.0

Paper and board:g,h Thousand short tons Newsprint 1,902.0 908.0 317.0 145.0 (1,585.0) (763.0) Printing and writing paper 4,455.0 3,154.0 1,837.0 1,635.0 (2,618.0) (1,519.0) Paperboard 2,586.0 1,988.0 8,924.0 6,051.0 6,338.0 4,063.0 Other paper and boardi 1,511.0 2,327.0 1,195.0 1,772.0 (316.0) (555.0) Converted products 2,696.0 7,298.0 2,847.0 6,144.0 151.0 (1,154.0) Total 10,454.0 8,377.0 12,273.0 9,603.0 1,819.0 1,226.0

Recovered paperg Thousand short tons 1,007.0 155.0 20,001.0 3,162.0 18,994.0 3,007.0

Other wood productsj 2,288.0 1,122.5 (1,165.6)

Total all productsk,f,l 26,462.5 26,272.4 (190.1)aImports for consumption.bCustoms value, which is generally defined as the price actually paid or payable for merchandise when sold for exportation to the U.S.,excluding U.S. import duties, freight, insurance, and other charges.cValue (free alongside ship) at U.S. ports of export, based on the transaction price, including inland freight, insurance, and other charges.dNegative amounts, given in parentheses, indicate imports exceed exports.eU.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).fU.S. International Trade Commission (86,87). gAmerican Forest and Paper Association (3,4,5).hIncludes wet machine board and converted paper and paperboard products.iIncludes tissue, packaging and industrial papers, wet machine board and construction paper and board.jIncludes poles and piling, fuelwood, wood charcoal, cork, wood containers, wood doors, and other miscellaneous products.Does not include wood furniture or printed material.kIncludes Pulpwood Logs.lData may not add to totals because of rounding.mWestern Wood Products Association (88,89).zNot available.

Table 13—Volume and value of imports and exports of timber products by product, 2017Importsa Exports Trade balanced


45

Table 14—Value of imports and exports of all commoditiesa and timber products,b 1965–2017

Propor- Propor-Year tione tione

Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million current 2009 current 2009 current 2009 current 2009

dollars dollars f dollars dollars Percent dollars dollars dollars dollars Percent1965 21,285 117,144 1,977 10,881 9.3 27,135 149,340 917 5,047 3.41966 25,360 135,688 2,165 11,584 8.5 29,884 159,893 1,024 5,479 3.41967 26,733 138,801 2,087 10,836 7.8 31,142 161,693 1,150 5,971 3.71968 32,970 164,030 2,446 12,169 7.4 33,953 168,920 1,362 6,776 4.01969 35,863 170,209 2,734 12,976 7.6 37,462 177,798 1,509 7,162 4.01970 39,756 179,162 2,546 11,474 6.4 42,590 191,933 1,816 8,184 4.31971 45,516 194,929 2,937 12,578 6.5 43,492 186,261 1,692 7,246 3.91972 55,290 226,784 3,632 14,897 6.6 48,887 200,521 2,038.0 8,359 4.21973 69,024 267,846 4,468 17,338 6.5 70,246 272,588 3,006.0 11,665 4.31974 100,140 357,643 4,778 17,064 4.8 97,144 346,943 4,165.0 14,875 4.31975 96,477 315,491 4,141 13,542 4.3 106,102 346,965 4,088.0 13,368 3.91976 121,121 373,715 5,590 17,248 4.6 113,319 349,642 4,695.0 14,486 4.11977 147,976 428,419 6,720 19,456 4.5 117,926 341,419 4,664.0 13,503 4.01978 172,912 468,216 8,028 21,738 4.6 141,126 382,145 4,963.0 13,439 3.51979 205,850 515,656 9,181 22,998 4.5 178,591 447,372 6,854.0 17,169 3.81980 239,943 551,974 8,648 19,894 3.6 216,592 498,256 8,516.0 19,591 3.91981 259,012 545,288 9,042 19,036 3.5 228,961 482,023 7,925.0 16,684 3.51982 242,340 481,024 8,382 16,638 3.5 207,158 411,191 7,151.0 14,194 3.51983 256,680 489,380 10,067 19,194 3.9 195,969 373,630 7,044.0 13,430 3.61984 322,949 593,765 12,235 22,495 3.8 212,056 389,880 7,210.0 13,256 3.41985 343,067 611,637 12,539 22,355 3.7 206,926 368,918 6,699.0 11,943 3.21986 368,251 642,560 13,271 23,157 3.6 206,628 360,544 7,692.0 13,422 3.71987 402,084 681,845 15,268 25,891 3.8 244,417 414,477 9,940.0 16,856 4.11988 437,475 717,760 16,749 27,480 3.8 310,333 509,160 12,782.0 20,971 4.11989 477,400 754,186 19,106 30,183 4.0 362,100 572,038 17,224.0 27,210 4.81990 498,300 757,525 18,806 28,589 3.8 389,300 591,821 18,542.0 28,188 4.81991 491,000 722,909 17,100 25,177 3.5 416,900 613,810 19,500.0 28,710 4.71992 536,500 771,166 18,700 26,879 3.5 440,400 633,031 20,700.0 29,754 4.71993 589,400 827,344 18,874 26,494 3.2 456,800 641,213 16,889.0 23,707 3.71994 668,600 919,291 17,117 23,535 2.6 502,400 690,774 15,320.3 21,065 3.01995 749,600 1,008,747 19,023 25,600 2.5 575,800 774,862 17,582.0 23,660 3.11996 803,300 1,061,162 21,264 28,090 2.6 612,000 808,454 18,315.0 24,194 3.01997 877,300 1,135,958 27,375 35,446 3.1 679,300 879,580 21,386.0 27,691 3.11998 918,800 1,175,237 28,684 36,689 3.1 670,600 857,764 19,261.1 24,637 2.91999 1,030,400 1,299,369 32,263 40,685 3.1 683,200 861,538 19,483.0 24,569 2.92000 1,224,400 1,512,165 34,300 42,362 2.8 772,000 953,440 21,760.2 26,874 2.82001 1,145,900 1,382,435 32,250 38,907 2.8 718,800 867,173 18,930.6 22,838 2.62002 1,166,900 1,392,150 32,348 38,592 2.8 682,600 814,364 18,738.6 22,356 2.72003 1,260,700 1,504,056 33,644 40,138 2.7 713,400 851,110 19,230.3 22,942 2.72004 1,488,300 1,669,808 42,042 47,169 2.8 807,500 905,980 21,136.0 23,714 2.62005 1,695,800 1,843,461 43,914 47,738 2.6 892,600 970,323 22,727.7 24,707 2.52006 1,878,200 1,980,806 42,860 45,202 2.3 1,039,400 1,096,182 24,700.3 26,050 2.42007 1,986,300 2,040,789 31,117.2 31,971 1.6 1,163,600 1,195,520 44,597.1 45,821 3.82008 2,141,300 2,157,699 27,960.8 28,175 1.3 1,307,300 1,317,312 26,082.3 26,282 2.02009 1,580,000 1,580,000 19,148.9 19,149 1.2 1,069,500 1,069,500 22,547.3 22,547 2.12010 1,939,000 1,918,472 21,456.0 21,229 1.1 1,288,800 1,275,156 27,205.0 26,917 2.12011 2,240,000 2,170,543 22,119.6 21,434 1.0 1,495,900 1,449,516 29,815.3 28,891 2.02012 2,302,700 2,193,048 22,119.6 21,066 1.0 1,561,200 1,486,857 29,815.3 28,396 1.92013 2,294,200 2,149,536 23,546.8 22,062 1.0 1,589,700 1,489,459 29,369.1 27,517 1.82014 2,385,500 2,203,288 27,276.6 25,193 1.1 1,634,000 1,509,190 31,131.0 28,753 1.92015 2,272,600 2,065,775 33,409.8 30,369 1.5 1,510,800 1,373,305 32,422.5 29,472 2.12016 2,208,200 1,981,942 25,400.4 22,798 1.2 1,455,700 1,306,545 24,389.4 21,890 1.72017 2,361,500 2,081,956 26,462.5 23,330 1.1 1,551,400 1,367,752 26,272.4 23,162 1.7

aU.S. Council of Economic Advisors (42).bU.S. International Trade Commission; American Forest & Paper Association.cImports for consumption. Customs value, which is generally defined as the price actually paid or payable for merchandise when sold for exportation to the United States, excluding U.S. import duties, freight, insurance, and other charges.dValue (free alongside ship) at U.S. ports of export, based on the transaction price, including inland freight, insurance, and other charges.eTimber products as a percentage of all commodities.fConverted to 1997 dollars by dividing current dollars by the implicit deflators for gross domestic productfor imports and exports.

ExportsdImportsc

Timber productsTotalAll commodities

Timber productsTotalAll commodities


46

Table 15—Foreign exchange rates by selected country and year, 1975–2017a

Country Currency 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1990 1985 1980 1975

North AmericaCanada Dollar 1.2984 1.3243 1.2791 1.1043 1.0300 0.9995 0.9887 1.0298 1.1412 1.066 1.0734 1.134 1.2115 1.3017 1.4008 1.5704 1.5487 1.4855 1.4858 1.4836 1.3849 1.3638 1.3725 1.3664 1.2902 1.1668 1.3658 1.1693 1.0173

AsiaChina, PR Yuan 6.7569 6.6400 6.2827 6.162 6.1478 6.3093 6.463 6.7696 6.8307 6.9477 7.6058 7.9723 8.1936 8.2768 8.277 8.277 8.277 8.2784 8.2781 8.3008 8.3193 8.3389 8.37 8.6404 5.7795 4.7921 2.9434 z z

Hong Kong Dollar 7.7926 7.7620 7.7524 7.7545 7.7565 7.7569 7.7841 7.7687 7.7514 7.7862 7.8016 7.7681 7.7775 7.7891 7.7875 7.7997 7.7997 7.7924 7.7594 7.7467 7.7431 7.7345 7.7357 7.729 7.7357 7.7899 7.7911 z z

India Rupee 65.0700 67.1600 64.1100 61.01 58.51 53.37 46.58 45.65 48.33 43.39 41.18 45.19 44 45.26 46.59 48.63 47.22 45.00 43.13 41.36 36.365 35.506 32.418 31.394 31.291 17.492 12.332 7.8866 8.3854Japan Yen 112.1000 108.6600 121.0500 105.74 97.60 79.82 79.70 87.78 93.68 103.39 117.76 116.31 110.11 108.15 115.94 125.22 121.57 107.8 113.73 130.99 121.06 108.78 93.96 102.18 111.08 145 238.47 226.63 296.69Malaysia Ringgit 4.2982 4.1372 3.9041 3.2697 3.1488 3.0862 3.0564 3.2175 3.5231 3.3292 3.4354 3.6661 3.7869 3.8 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.9254 2.8173 2.5154 2.5073 2.6237 2.5738 2.7057 2.4806 2.1767 2.395Singapore Dollar 1.3802 1.3800 1.3746 1.2665 1.2511 1.2492 1.2565 1.3629 1.4543 1.414 1.5065 1.5882 1.6639 1.6902 1.743 1.791 1.793 1.7250 1.6951 1.6722 1.4857 1.41 1.4171 1.5275 1.6158 1.8134 2.2008 z z

South Korea Won 1129.0400 1159.3400 1130.9600 1052.29 1094.67 1126.16 1106.94 1155.74 1274.63 1098.71 928.97 954.32 1023.75 1145.24 1192.08 1250.31 1292.01 1,130.90 1,189.84 950.77 950.77 805 772.69 806.93 805.75 710.64 861.89 z z

Sri Lanka Rupee 152.4350 145.7350 135.8690 130.536 129.046 127.539 110.469 112.99 114.909 108.298 110.62 103.94 100.383 101.268 96.541 95.773 89.602 76.964 70.868 59.026 59.026 55.289 51.047 49.17 48.211 40.078 27.187 16.167 6.95Taiwan Dollar 30.4020 32.2260 31.7440 30.299 29.680 29.558 29.382 31.498 33.02 31.521 32.852 32.506 32.131 33.372 34.405 34.536 33.824 31.260 32.322 33.547 28.775 27.468 26.495 26.465 26.416 26.918 39.889 z z

Thailand Baht 33.9130 35.2640 34.2410 32.461 30.696 31.055 30.462 31.7 34.31 32.962 32.203 37.876 40.252 40.271 41.556 43.019 44.532 40.210 37.887 41.262 31.072 25.359 24.921 25.161 25.333 25.609 27.193 z z

AfricaSouth Africa Rand 13.2943 14.6821 12.7645 10.842 9.6436 8.2014 7.251 7.3161 8.4117 8.248 7.0477 6.7668 6.3606 6.4402 7.5550 10.5176 8.6093 6.9468 6.1191 5.5417 4.6072 4.3011 3.6284 3.5526 3.2729 2.5885 2.2343 0.778 0.7328

EuropeAustria Schilling 15.5509 15.2357 15.2688 18.29746982 18.27545286 17.69475554 19.16989186 18.24753383 19.1750 20.263 18.867 17.287 17.130 17.115 15.578 13.009 12.318 12.704 14.659 12.379 12.206 10.589 10.076 11.409 11.639 11.331 20.676 12.945 17.401Belgium Franc 45.5881 44.6643 44.7612 53.63996503 53.57542119 51.87307741 56.19751469 53.5731139 56.2137 59.405 55.310 50.679 50.219 50.175 45.669 38.137 36.112 37.242 42.974 36.31 35.807 30.968 29.472 33.426 34.581 33.424 59.336 29.237 36.694Denmark Krone 6.5957 6.7276 6.7263 5.6151 5.617 5.7922 5.3535 5.6266 5.3574 5.0885 5.4413 5.9422 5.9953 5.9891 6.5774 7.8862 8.3323 8.0953 6.9900 6.703 6.6092 5.8003 5.5999 6.3561 6.4863 6.1899 10.598 5.6345 5.7351European Union Euro 1.1301 1.1072 1.1096 1.3297 1.3281 1.2859 1.3931 1.3261 1.3935 1.4726 1.3711 1.2563 1.2449 1.2438 1.1321 0.9454 0.8952 0.9232 1.0653 z z z z z z z z z z

Finland Markka 6.7193 6.5831 6.5974 7.906037181 7.896524013 7.645614207 8.282996463 7.884632553 8.2854 8.7557 8.1522 7.4696 7.4018 7.3953 6.7312 5.6211 5.3226 5.4891 6.3340 5.3473 5.1956 4.5948 4.3763 5.234 5.7251 3.83 6.1971 3.7206 3.6651France Franc 7.4130 7.2628 7.2785 8.722260229 8.711764917 8.434951063 9.138136967 8.698645777 9.1408 9.6596 8.9938 8.2408 8.1660 8.1588 7.4261 6.2014 5.8721 6.0558 6.9879 5.8995 5.8393 5.1158 4.9864 5.5459 5.6669 5.4467 8.9799 4.225 4.2819Germany Deutsche mark 2.2103 2.1655 2.1702 2.600667151 2.597537823 2.515001797 2.724666773 2.593626163 2.7254 2.8802 2.6816 2.4571 2.4348 2.4327 2.2142 1.8490 1.7509 1.8056 2.0835 1.7597 1.7348 1.5049 1.4321 1.6216 1.6545 1.6166 2.9419 1.8175 2.4553Greece Drachma z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z 365.92 306.30 295.7 273.28 240.82 231.68 242.5 229.64 158.59 138.4 z z

Ireland Poundb 0.8900 0.8720 0.8739 1.047223851 1.045963748 1.012728548 1.097155408 1.04438862 1.0975 1.1598 1.0798 0.9894 0.9804 0.9796 0.8916 0.7446 0.7050 0.7271 0.8390 142.48 151.63 159.95 160.35 149.69 146.47 165.76 106.62 205.77 222.16Italy Lira 2218.6914 2173.7325 2178.4444 2610.560119 2607.418887 2524.568893 2735.031437 2603.492347 2,698.19 2,851.35 2,654.82 2,432.54 2,410.46 2,408.33 2,192.05 1,830.55 1,733.35 1,787.56 2,062.71 1736.85 1703.81 1542.76 1629.45 1,611.49 1,573.41 1,198.27 1,908.90 856.2 652.4Netherlands Guilder 2.4904 2.4399 2.4452 2.930273187 2.926747251 2.833750689 3.069988401 2.922339831 3.0709 3.2452 3.0215 2.7685 2.7434 2.7410 2.4948 2.0834 1.9728 2.0345 2.3476 1.9837 1.9525 1.6863 1.6044 1.819 1.8585 1.8215 3.3184 1.9875 2.5232Norway Krone 8.2679 8.3936 8.0681 6.2969 5.8772 5.8181 5.6022 6.0451 6.2908 5.6365 5.8557 6.4095 6.4412 6.7399 7.0803 7.9839 8.9964 8.8131 7.8017 7.5521 7.0857 6.4594 6.3355 7.0553 7.1009 6.2541 8.5933 4.9381 5.2137Portugal Escudo 226.5647 221.9737 222.4548 266.5809154 266.2601442 257.7998038 279.2914742 265.8591802 279.37 295.23 274.88 251.87 249.58 249.36 226.97 189.54 179.47 185.08 213.57 180.25 175.44 154.28 149.88 165.93 161.08 142.7 172.07 50.082 25.454Spain Peseta 188.0328 184.2226 184.6219 221.2434642 220.9772466 213.9557574 231.7923366 220.6444746 231.86 245.02 228.13 209.03 207.13 206.95 188.37 157.30 148.95 153.61 177.25 149.41 146.53 124.64 126.68 133.88 127.48 101.96 169.98 71.758 57.393Sweden Krona 8.5430 8.5541 8.4350 6.8576 6.5124 6.7721 6.4878 7.2053 7.6539 6.5846 6.755 7.3718 7.471 7.348 8.0787 9.7233 10.3425 9.1735 8.2740 7.9522 7.6446 6.7082 7.1406 7.7161 7.7956 5.9231 8.6031 4.2309 4.1424Switzerland Franc 0.9842 0.9848 0.9628 0.9147 0.9269 0.9377 0.8862 1.0432 1.0860 1.0816 1.1999 1.2532 1.2459 1.2428 1.3450 1.5567 1.6891 1.6904 1.5045 1.4506 1.4514 1.2361 1.1812 1.3667 1.4781 1.3901 2.4551 1.6772 2.5811United Kingdom Poundb 1.2890 1.3555 1.5284 1.6484 1.5642 1.5853 1.6043 1.5452 1.5661 185.45 200.2 184.34 182.04 183.3 163.47 150.25 143.96 151.56 161.72 165.73 163.76 156.07 157.85 153.19 150.16 178.41 129.74 232.58 222.16

OtherAustralia Dollarb 0.7671 0.7445 0.7522 0.9034 0.9392 1.0359 1.0332 0.92 0.7927 85.37 83.91 75.35 76.27 73.65 65.24 54.37 51.69 58.15 64.54 62.91 74.368 78.283 74.073 73.161 67.993 78.069 70.026 114 130.77New Zealand Dollarb 0.7111 0.6976 0.7001 0.8313 0.8803 0.8105 0.792 0.7216 0.6358 71.51 73.65 64.92 70.49 66.43 58.22 46.45 42.02 45.68 52.94 53.61 66.247 68.765 65.625 59.358 54.127 59.619 49.752 97.34 121.16

IndexUnited States Dollarc,d 91.0800 91.5800 90.9700 78.37 75.93 73.50 70.88 75.39 77.69 74.42 77.84 82.46 83.78 85.37 93 103.09 104.32 98.32 94.07 98.85 96.38 87.34 84.25 91.32 93.18 89.09 143.01 87.39 98.5

aU.S. Federal Reserve System, Board of Governors (83,84).bValue in U.S. cents.cIndex of weighted-average exchange value of U.S. dollar against the currencies of ten industrial countries.The weight for each of the ten countries is the 1972–1976 average world trade of that country divided by the average world trade of all ten countries combined. Series revised as of August 1978.dData prior to 1999 were reported using the G-10 index. Data for 1999 and later are reported using the major currency scale.zNot Available

Foreign currency units per U.S. dollar


47

Table 15—Foreign exchange rates by selected country and year, 1975–2017a

Country Currency 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1990 1985 1980 1975

North AmericaCanada Dollar 1.2984 1.3243 1.2791 1.1043 1.0300 0.9995 0.9887 1.0298 1.1412 1.066 1.0734 1.134 1.2115 1.3017 1.4008 1.5704 1.5487 1.4855 1.4858 1.4836 1.3849 1.3638 1.3725 1.3664 1.2902 1.1668 1.3658 1.1693 1.0173

AsiaChina, PR Yuan 6.7569 6.6400 6.2827 6.162 6.1478 6.3093 6.463 6.7696 6.8307 6.9477 7.6058 7.9723 8.1936 8.2768 8.277 8.277 8.277 8.2784 8.2781 8.3008 8.3193 8.3389 8.37 8.6404 5.7795 4.7921 2.9434 z z

Hong Kong Dollar 7.7926 7.7620 7.7524 7.7545 7.7565 7.7569 7.7841 7.7687 7.7514 7.7862 7.8016 7.7681 7.7775 7.7891 7.7875 7.7997 7.7997 7.7924 7.7594 7.7467 7.7431 7.7345 7.7357 7.729 7.7357 7.7899 7.7911 z z

India Rupee 65.0700 67.1600 64.1100 61.01 58.51 53.37 46.58 45.65 48.33 43.39 41.18 45.19 44 45.26 46.59 48.63 47.22 45.00 43.13 41.36 36.365 35.506 32.418 31.394 31.291 17.492 12.332 7.8866 8.3854Japan Yen 112.1000 108.6600 121.0500 105.74 97.60 79.82 79.70 87.78 93.68 103.39 117.76 116.31 110.11 108.15 115.94 125.22 121.57 107.8 113.73 130.99 121.06 108.78 93.96 102.18 111.08 145 238.47 226.63 296.69Malaysia Ringgit 4.2982 4.1372 3.9041 3.2697 3.1488 3.0862 3.0564 3.2175 3.5231 3.3292 3.4354 3.6661 3.7869 3.8 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.9254 2.8173 2.5154 2.5073 2.6237 2.5738 2.7057 2.4806 2.1767 2.395Singapore Dollar 1.3802 1.3800 1.3746 1.2665 1.2511 1.2492 1.2565 1.3629 1.4543 1.414 1.5065 1.5882 1.6639 1.6902 1.743 1.791 1.793 1.7250 1.6951 1.6722 1.4857 1.41 1.4171 1.5275 1.6158 1.8134 2.2008 z z

South Korea Won 1129.0400 1159.3400 1130.9600 1052.29 1094.67 1126.16 1106.94 1155.74 1274.63 1098.71 928.97 954.32 1023.75 1145.24 1192.08 1250.31 1292.01 1,130.90 1,189.84 950.77 950.77 805 772.69 806.93 805.75 710.64 861.89 z z

Sri Lanka Rupee 152.4350 145.7350 135.8690 130.536 129.046 127.539 110.469 112.99 114.909 108.298 110.62 103.94 100.383 101.268 96.541 95.773 89.602 76.964 70.868 59.026 59.026 55.289 51.047 49.17 48.211 40.078 27.187 16.167 6.95Taiwan Dollar 30.4020 32.2260 31.7440 30.299 29.680 29.558 29.382 31.498 33.02 31.521 32.852 32.506 32.131 33.372 34.405 34.536 33.824 31.260 32.322 33.547 28.775 27.468 26.495 26.465 26.416 26.918 39.889 z z

Thailand Baht 33.9130 35.2640 34.2410 32.461 30.696 31.055 30.462 31.7 34.31 32.962 32.203 37.876 40.252 40.271 41.556 43.019 44.532 40.210 37.887 41.262 31.072 25.359 24.921 25.161 25.333 25.609 27.193 z z

AfricaSouth Africa Rand 13.2943 14.6821 12.7645 10.842 9.6436 8.2014 7.251 7.3161 8.4117 8.248 7.0477 6.7668 6.3606 6.4402 7.5550 10.5176 8.6093 6.9468 6.1191 5.5417 4.6072 4.3011 3.6284 3.5526 3.2729 2.5885 2.2343 0.778 0.7328

EuropeAustria Schilling 15.5509 15.2357 15.2688 18.29746982 18.27545286 17.69475554 19.16989186 18.24753383 19.1750 20.263 18.867 17.287 17.130 17.115 15.578 13.009 12.318 12.704 14.659 12.379 12.206 10.589 10.076 11.409 11.639 11.331 20.676 12.945 17.401Belgium Franc 45.5881 44.6643 44.7612 53.63996503 53.57542119 51.87307741 56.19751469 53.5731139 56.2137 59.405 55.310 50.679 50.219 50.175 45.669 38.137 36.112 37.242 42.974 36.31 35.807 30.968 29.472 33.426 34.581 33.424 59.336 29.237 36.694Denmark Krone 6.5957 6.7276 6.7263 5.6151 5.617 5.7922 5.3535 5.6266 5.3574 5.0885 5.4413 5.9422 5.9953 5.9891 6.5774 7.8862 8.3323 8.0953 6.9900 6.703 6.6092 5.8003 5.5999 6.3561 6.4863 6.1899 10.598 5.6345 5.7351European Union Euro 1.1301 1.1072 1.1096 1.3297 1.3281 1.2859 1.3931 1.3261 1.3935 1.4726 1.3711 1.2563 1.2449 1.2438 1.1321 0.9454 0.8952 0.9232 1.0653 z z z z z z z z z z

Finland Markka 6.7193 6.5831 6.5974 7.906037181 7.896524013 7.645614207 8.282996463 7.884632553 8.2854 8.7557 8.1522 7.4696 7.4018 7.3953 6.7312 5.6211 5.3226 5.4891 6.3340 5.3473 5.1956 4.5948 4.3763 5.234 5.7251 3.83 6.1971 3.7206 3.6651France Franc 7.4130 7.2628 7.2785 8.722260229 8.711764917 8.434951063 9.138136967 8.698645777 9.1408 9.6596 8.9938 8.2408 8.1660 8.1588 7.4261 6.2014 5.8721 6.0558 6.9879 5.8995 5.8393 5.1158 4.9864 5.5459 5.6669 5.4467 8.9799 4.225 4.2819Germany Deutsche mark 2.2103 2.1655 2.1702 2.600667151 2.597537823 2.515001797 2.724666773 2.593626163 2.7254 2.8802 2.6816 2.4571 2.4348 2.4327 2.2142 1.8490 1.7509 1.8056 2.0835 1.7597 1.7348 1.5049 1.4321 1.6216 1.6545 1.6166 2.9419 1.8175 2.4553Greece Drachma z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z 365.92 306.30 295.7 273.28 240.82 231.68 242.5 229.64 158.59 138.4 z z

Ireland Poundb 0.8900 0.8720 0.8739 1.047223851 1.045963748 1.012728548 1.097155408 1.04438862 1.0975 1.1598 1.0798 0.9894 0.9804 0.9796 0.8916 0.7446 0.7050 0.7271 0.8390 142.48 151.63 159.95 160.35 149.69 146.47 165.76 106.62 205.77 222.16Italy Lira 2218.6914 2173.7325 2178.4444 2610.560119 2607.418887 2524.568893 2735.031437 2603.492347 2,698.19 2,851.35 2,654.82 2,432.54 2,410.46 2,408.33 2,192.05 1,830.55 1,733.35 1,787.56 2,062.71 1736.85 1703.81 1542.76 1629.45 1,611.49 1,573.41 1,198.27 1,908.90 856.2 652.4Netherlands Guilder 2.4904 2.4399 2.4452 2.930273187 2.926747251 2.833750689 3.069988401 2.922339831 3.0709 3.2452 3.0215 2.7685 2.7434 2.7410 2.4948 2.0834 1.9728 2.0345 2.3476 1.9837 1.9525 1.6863 1.6044 1.819 1.8585 1.8215 3.3184 1.9875 2.5232Norway Krone 8.2679 8.3936 8.0681 6.2969 5.8772 5.8181 5.6022 6.0451 6.2908 5.6365 5.8557 6.4095 6.4412 6.7399 7.0803 7.9839 8.9964 8.8131 7.8017 7.5521 7.0857 6.4594 6.3355 7.0553 7.1009 6.2541 8.5933 4.9381 5.2137Portugal Escudo 226.5647 221.9737 222.4548 266.5809154 266.2601442 257.7998038 279.2914742 265.8591802 279.37 295.23 274.88 251.87 249.58 249.36 226.97 189.54 179.47 185.08 213.57 180.25 175.44 154.28 149.88 165.93 161.08 142.7 172.07 50.082 25.454Spain Peseta 188.0328 184.2226 184.6219 221.2434642 220.9772466 213.9557574 231.7923366 220.6444746 231.86 245.02 228.13 209.03 207.13 206.95 188.37 157.30 148.95 153.61 177.25 149.41 146.53 124.64 126.68 133.88 127.48 101.96 169.98 71.758 57.393Sweden Krona 8.5430 8.5541 8.4350 6.8576 6.5124 6.7721 6.4878 7.2053 7.6539 6.5846 6.755 7.3718 7.471 7.348 8.0787 9.7233 10.3425 9.1735 8.2740 7.9522 7.6446 6.7082 7.1406 7.7161 7.7956 5.9231 8.6031 4.2309 4.1424Switzerland Franc 0.9842 0.9848 0.9628 0.9147 0.9269 0.9377 0.8862 1.0432 1.0860 1.0816 1.1999 1.2532 1.2459 1.2428 1.3450 1.5567 1.6891 1.6904 1.5045 1.4506 1.4514 1.2361 1.1812 1.3667 1.4781 1.3901 2.4551 1.6772 2.5811United Kingdom Poundb 1.2890 1.3555 1.5284 1.6484 1.5642 1.5853 1.6043 1.5452 1.5661 185.45 200.2 184.34 182.04 183.3 163.47 150.25 143.96 151.56 161.72 165.73 163.76 156.07 157.85 153.19 150.16 178.41 129.74 232.58 222.16

OtherAustralia Dollarb 0.7671 0.7445 0.7522 0.9034 0.9392 1.0359 1.0332 0.92 0.7927 85.37 83.91 75.35 76.27 73.65 65.24 54.37 51.69 58.15 64.54 62.91 74.368 78.283 74.073 73.161 67.993 78.069 70.026 114 130.77New Zealand Dollarb 0.7111 0.6976 0.7001 0.8313 0.8803 0.8105 0.792 0.7216 0.6358 71.51 73.65 64.92 70.49 66.43 58.22 46.45 42.02 45.68 52.94 53.61 66.247 68.765 65.625 59.358 54.127 59.619 49.752 97.34 121.16

IndexUnited States Dollarc,d 91.0800 91.5800 90.9700 78.37 75.93 73.50 70.88 75.39 77.69 74.42 77.84 82.46 83.78 85.37 93 103.09 104.32 98.32 94.07 98.85 96.38 87.34 84.25 91.32 93.18 89.09 143.01 87.39 98.5

aU.S. Federal Reserve System, Board of Governors (83,84).bValue in U.S. cents.cIndex of weighted-average exchange value of U.S. dollar against the currencies of ten industrial countries.The weight for each of the ten countries is the 1972–1976 average world trade of that country divided by the average world trade of all ten countries combined. Series revised as of August 1978.dData prior to 1999 were reported using the G-10 index. Data for 1999 and later are reported using the major currency scale.zNot Available

Foreign currency units per U.S. dollar


48

Philippine Birchmahogany and

Year Total Softwoodsb Total Mahogany or lauan maple Other1965 68.1 13.5 54.6 12.8 11.0 6.2 24.61966 95.6 42.5 53.1 16.1 2.8 6.3 27.91967 77.0 33.9 43.1 10.5 4.6 6.6 21.41968 79.0 33.1 45.9 8.5 1.9 6.5 29.01969 81.9 41.7 40.2 6.5 3.1 7.6 23.01970 144.4 106.5 37.9 6.8 0.7 8.2 22.21971 84.0 55.7 28.3 3.3 0.2 8.7 16.11972 39.3 11.3 28.0 3.6 0.7 7.9 15.81973 33.5 8.5 25.0 2.1 3.2 9.2 10.51974 76.6 45.6 31.0 3.4 0.9 12.3 14.41975 85.5 68.5 17.0 1.6 0.3 7.2 7.91976 81.6 67.4 14.2 1.2 0.6 8.7 3.71977 154.5 139.5 15.0 2.4 0.5 8.9 3.21978 96.9 79.1 17.8 1.5 f 9.1 7.21979 133.0 118.4 14.6 1.1 0.3 8.4 4.81980 127.5 114.1 13.4 1.0 f 7.4 5.01981 101.1 87.6 13.5 0.6 f 8.7 4.21982 117.1 98.8 18.3 0.8 f 10.2 7.31983 165.0 142.5 22.5 0.3 0.3 5.1 16.81984 146.9 116.8 30.1 0.5 0.3 4.4 24.91985 99.2 70.8 28.4 0.3 0.3 2.9 24.91986 78.6 52.1 26.4 1.3 1.6 3.0 20.51987 82.5 68.7 13.8 0.3 0.3 3.8 9.41988 68.1 55.9 12.2 1.7 f 3.8 6.71989 39.3 20.9 18.4 0.8 0.1 6.7 10.81990 23.1 12.9 10.2 1.1 f 3.7 5.41991 13.6 7.6 6.0 0.9 f 2.6 2.51992 43.4 36.8 6.6 0.7 0.1 4.4 1.41993 93.9 85.7 8.2 1.1 f 3.9 3.21994 110.4 94.3 16.0 1.3 f 6.3 8.41995 80.4 54.5 25.9 1.6 0.3 6.6 17.41996 115.0 83.6 31.4 1.7 0.3 11.8 17.71997 127.6 84.1 43.5 2.3 0.3 8.1 32.81998 185.3 146.9 38.4 2.3 0.3 8.7 27.01999 294.3 254.3 40.0 2.3 0.3 10.1 27.32000 449.6 390.4 59.2 2.3 0.3 9.4 47.22001 458.9 399.0 59.9 2.3 0.3 7.6 49.62002 536.7 466.0 70.7 2.3 0.3 12.6 55.52003 497.4 430.8 66.6 2.3 0.3 5.3 58.72004 453.5 388.7 64.8 2.3 0.3 7.3 54.92005 704.0 609.4 94.5 2.3 0.3 11.5 80.42006 585.4 529.7 55.7 2.3 0.3 9.1 44.12007 417.7 387.7 30.0 2.3 0.3 5.0 22.42008 219.8 186.9 32.9 2.3 0.3 5.1 25.32009 104.7 89.9 14.8 2.3 0.3 5.5 6.62010 126.1 98.5 27.6 2.3 0.3 8.4 16.52011 115.9 90.7 25.1 2.3 0.3 6.7 15.82012 176.3 135.9 40.5 2.3 0.3 13.1 24.82013 164.1 120.1 44.0 2.3 0.3 26.6 14.82014 138.7 98.6 40.1 2.3 0.3 20.1 17.42015 138.9 97.2 41.7 2.3 0.3 22.2 16.92016 116.0 79.1 36.9 2.3 0.3 20.2 14.12017 152.7 69.3 83.4 2.3 0.3 33.6 47.3

aU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (67,72); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bWestern Wood Products Association 1965–1999 (88,89).cPrior to 2000, pulpwood logs are not included in logs.fFewer than 50,000 board feet.

Table 16—Log imports by major species, 1965–2017 (million board feet, log scale)a,c

Hardwoods


49

Table 17—Log imports by major region of origin, 1965–2017(million board feet, log scale)a,e

Mexico andCentral South

Year Total Canadab Americac America Africa Asia Otherd

1965 68.1 20.3 3.4 18.0 14.1 11.7 0.61966 95.6 49.4 3.7 21.3 17.4 3.6 0.21967 77.0 40.6 3.0 18.3 9.7 4.9 0.51968 79.0 39.9 3.1 26.8 6.8 2.1 0.31969 81.9 49.5 2.1 18.3 8.3 3.5 0.21970 144.4 114.9 2.3 17.6 8.3 1.0 0.31971 84.0 64.6 2.2 13.1 3.2 0.9 f

1972 39.3 17.3 2.6 13.9 3.8 1.4 0.31973 33.5 17.8 3.0 2.9 4.8 4.8 0.21974 76.6 57.0 z 1.3 4.0 9.1 5.21975 85.5 80.3 0.3 z 1.4 0.1 3.41976 81.6 78.0 z z 1.3 0.7 1.61977 154.5 150.5 z z 2.5 0.6 0.91978 96.9 85.9 0.4 5.5 4.1 0.5 0.51979 133.0 111.2 0.2 17.4 1.5 1.1 1.61980 127.5 121.4 0.2 f 1.3 0.2 4.41981 101.1 94.4 0.4 f 0.7 0.6 5.01982 117.1 115.4 0.2 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.11983 165.0 161.5 1.0 0.1 0.3 1.7 0.41984 146.9 143.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 1.8 1.01985 99.2 81.1 0.1 0.5 3.2 13.9 0.41986 78.6 61.1 0.1 0.2 1.2 5.4 10.61987 82.5 75.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 2.1 4.11988 68.1 62.6 0.4 0.2 1.4 2.6 0.91989 39.3 20.0 2.3 0.7 2.1 8.1 6.11990 23.1 19.3 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.6 0.61991 13.6 9.0 0.4 0.2 0.3 1.1 2.61992 43.4 40.7 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.51993 93.9 89.3 f 0.2 0.4 0.6 3.41994 110.4 85.0 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 22.31995 80.4 56.3 1.5 0.6 0.6 0.1 21.31996 115.0 94.6 2.1 0.8 0.1 0.1 17.31997 127.6 105.7 1.7 1.2 0.1 0.1 18.81998 185.3 168.4 0.5 1.2 0.1 0.2 14.91999r 294.3 280.3 0.6 1.8 0.3 1.3 9.92000 449.6 426.2 0.5 4.6 2.6 0.3 15.42001 458.9 445.0 0.7 3.9 0.2 0.8 8.22002 536.7 521.4 4.2 3.1 0.2 0.2 7.52003 497.4 486.7 0.9 3.8 0.1 0.8 5.22004 453.5 446.8 0.5 2.0 0.3 0.5 3.42005 704.0 605.0 0.9 3.5 0.2 1.5 92.82006 585.4 495.0 0.9 8.6 0.7 0.9 79.32007 417.7 380.0 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.3 34.12008 219.8 186.0 4.9 0.4 0.2 1.6 26.72009 104.7 101.1 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.52010 126.1 119.6 0.4 1.4 0.1 1.4 3.02011 115.9 110.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.8 4.72012 176.3 133.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.0 41.92013 164.1 161.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.9 1.52014 138.7 136.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.42015 138.9 135.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 1.32016 116.0 114.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.82017 152.7 147.1 0.1 2.1 0.4 0.3 2.6

aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44); Western Wood Products Association (88,89); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association 1965–1999 (2).cIncludes the West Indies.dFor the years 1974–1977, all imports with a value of less than $500 are included in Other.ePrior to 2000, pulpwood logs are not included in logs.fFewer than 50,000 board feet.zNot Available.rRevised


50

Port-Orford- WesternYear Total Totalb Douglas-firc cedarc hemlockc Other Totalb Walnutc Other1965 1,195.0 1,113.6 111.3 39.1 d 963.2 81.4 23.6 57.81966 1,391.2 1,315.7 130.5 41.2 d 1,144.0 75.5 12.5 63.01967 1,972.1 1,875.1 269.5 34.6 d 1,571.0 97.0 16.1 80.91968 2,568.1 2,473.2 396.5 38.4 d 2,038.3 94.9 21.8 73.11969 2,396.5 2,316.3 380.6 40.7 d 1,895.0 80.2 20.6 59.61970 2,740.9 2,672.0 487.0 54.1 1,436.7 694.2 68.9 17.4 51.51971 2,288.8 2,229.8 444.5 40.2 1,214.8 530.3 59.0 12.9 46.11972 3,141.4 3,047.5 766.5 46.1 1,450.7 784.2 93.9 15.5 78.41973 3,366.1 3,252.2 973.0 29.7 1,469.0 780.5 113.9 15.7 98.21974 2,642.4 2,523.7 752.7 35.6 1,244.6 490.8 118.7 7.8 110.91975 2,666.9 2,600.6 820.4 38.7 1,169.5 572.0 66.3 8.5 57.81976 3,250.0 3,155.7 1,022.4 38.4 1,365.7 729.2 94.3 7.4 86.91977 3,069.7 2,980.0 1,007.2 20.7 1,306.8 645.3 89.7 7.6 82.11978 3,409.2 3,298.4 1,192.2 29.2 1,443.6 633.4 110.8 8.8 102.01979 3,897.0 3,768.2 1,351.0 24.6 1,593.7 799.0 128.8 6.8 122.01980 3,260.9 3,109.1 1,272.4 14.0 1,183.1 639.6 151.8 9.4 142.41981 2,534.2 2,377.1 1,026.9 16.9 867.5 465.8 157.1 7.7 149.51982 3,208.1 3,115.0 1,446.5 12.4 1,124.9 531.2 93.2 4.7 88.41983 3,502.1 3,390.6 1,616.4 9.5 1,147.5 617.3 111.5 4.6 106.91984 3,494.9 3,369.4 1,588.5 13.0 1,120.0 647.9 125.6 5.5 120.01985 3,843.2 3,732.0 1,785.5 14.8 1,304.7 626.9 111.2 5.5 105.71986 3,655.6 3,516.0 1,625.8 13.4 1,246.3 630.5 139.7 5.6 134.01987 4,109.2 3,959.9 1,864.8 12.7 1,385.3 697.1 149.3 6.2 143.11988 4,798.1 4,594.4 2,311.2 19.8 1,435.5 827.9 203.7 8.0 195.71989 4,706.0 4,492.7 2,064.2 13.8 1,611.8 802.9 213.3 13.7 199.61990 4,213.1 3,993.6 1,891.7 11.0 1,193.7 897.1 219.5 13.6 205.91991 3,761.0 3,477.7 1,608.7 9.3 1,049.0 810.8 283.3 11.6 271.71992 3,278.8 3,054.8 1,402.9 10.3 890.3 751.3 224.0 12.4 211.61993 2,876.4 2,639.2 1,186.6 4.2 673.5 774.9 237.1 9.4 227.71994 2,683.6 2,419.7 1,174.9 4.1 535.3 705.4 263.8 11.2 252.61995 2,820.0 2,552.1 1,128.2 2.3 660.7 760.9 267.9 7.6 260.31996 2,635.7 2,382.4 1,214.8 2.3 486.2 679.1 253.3 6.1 247.21997 2,398.0 2,078.0 808.3 2.9 419.5 847.3 320.0 6.4 313.61998 1,977.8 1,646.2 732.1 0.7 175.1 738.3 331.5 7.3 324.21999 2,038.2 1,665.1 672.7 1.1 222.2 769.1 373.1 8.0 365.12000 2,638.3 2,065.8 674.1 0.9 186.1 1,204.8 572.5 11.4 561.22001 2,519.2 1,921.0 555.3 0.4 155.3 1,210.0 598.2 13.1 585.12002 2,428.5 1,744.9 535.0 0.7 121.6 1,087.7 683.6 17.8 665.82003 2,224.4 1,636.8 495.6 0.9 123.6 1,016.7 587.6 19.2 568.42004 2,286.5 1,597.6 543.3 0.2 91.5 962.6 688.9 22.5 666.42005 2,157.3 1,606.9 476.2 0.4 76.8 1,053.5 550.4 24.7 525.62006 2,117.5 1,630.7 460.0 0.3 76.5 1,093.9 486.8 28.5 458.42007 2,188.8 1,675.5 476.6 0.2 119.5 1,079.2 513.3 41.6 471.62008 1,959.0 1,523.6 512.3 0.1 146.6 864.6 435.4 30.0 405.42009 2,013.5 1,644.3 664.2 0.0 189.2 790.9 369.2 16.7 352.52010 2,541.8 2,073.6 635.1 0.0 371.0 1,067.5 468.2 28.0 440.22011 3,030.7 2,622.0 1,035.3 0.0 517.8 1,068.8 408.7 30.4 378.22012 2,698.0 2,280.3 764.8 0.3 440.9 1,074.3 417.7 21.3 396.42013 2,897.4 2,549.5 1,033.8 0.3 513.3 1,002.1 347.9 19.8 328.12014 2,778.1 2,335.7 827.4 0.3 514.7 993.2 442.4 24.7 417.82015 1,741.5 1,411.3 493.6 0.2 258.4 659.1 330.2 23.2 307.02016 1,871.6 1,514.9 441.3 0.1 277.4 796.1 356.7 22.1 334.62017 1,887.8 1,522.1 424.0 0.2 272.3 825.6 365.8 30.6 335.2

aPrior to 2000, pulpwood logs are not included in logs. Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association 1965–1999 (4); U.S. International Trade Commission 2000–present (86). cU.S. International Trade Commission (87). dWestern hemlock is included in Other.

Table 18—Log exports by major species, 1965–2017 (million board feet, Scribner log scale)a

Softwoods Hardwoods


51

European SouthYear Total Canada Unionb Japan Korea China Other1965 1,195.0 355.1 29.4 804.4 2.8 d 3.31966 1,391.2 266.1 17.2 1,081.4 25.2 d 1.31967 1,972.1 335.5 20.5 1,585.5 29.9 d 0.71968 2,568.1 341.8 28.7 2,119.2 75.1 d 3.31969 2,396.5 324.6 29.6 2,007.3 32.2 d 2.81970 2,740.9 291.8 23.1 2,366.1 48.2 d 11.71971 2,288.8 339.9 20.5 1,847.1 73.9 d 7.41972 3,141.4 519.1 31.9 2,528.0 53.8 d 8.61973 3,366.1 417.8 41.5 2,779.5 113.7 d 13.61974 2,642.4 332.3 39.1 2,114.2 149.2 d 7.61975 2,666.9 277.6 35.3 2,256.4 86.4 d 11.21976 3,250.0 362.5 48.6 2,675.1 150.5 d 13.31977 3,069.7 350.0 46.0 2,460.1 203.3 d 10.31978 3,409.2 368.5 57.5 2,646.1 321.8 d 15.31979 3,897.0 407.6 65.4 3,149.1 258.9 d 16.01980 3,260.9 317.8 90.4 2,544.2 201.7 87.8 19.01981 2,534.2 247.4 56.1 1,774.2 151.6 222.4 82.51982 3,208.1 302.5 47.8 1,978.7 277.7 547.0 54.41983 3,502.1 347.1 57.4 2,028.0 320.9 723.2 25.61984 3,494.9 421.2 52.6 1,759.8 289.1 866.6 105.71985 3,843.2 445.4 39.1 1,899.1 327.5 1069.0 63.11986 3,655.6 450.0 76.7 2,089.4 364.5 615.4 59.61987 4,109.2 421.4 62.6 2,397.2 492.5 579.3 156.31988 4,798.1 378.9 78.8 2,415.6 612.0 1121.4 191.41989 4,706.0 272.7 93.6 2,992.7 761.5 454.3 131.21990 4,213.1 395.8 69.2 2,626.2 619.2 361.9 140.81991 3,761.0 423.6 53.4 2,126.8 624.7 371.8 160.81992 3,278.8 415.0 44.2 2,043.0 416.6 236.9 123.11993 2,876.4 389.9 41.1 1,881.9 303.1 131.3 129.11994 2,683.6 435.1 56.8 1,821.6 206.1 75.0 89.01995 2,820.0 715.7 47.5 1,728.3 235.2 20.2 73.11996 2,635.7 518.0 32.1 1,807.5 200.3 15.9 61.91997 2,398.0 711.0 42.1 1,347.7 205.6 18.2 73.41998 1,977.8 778.5 47.1 1,004.0 61.9 17.8 68.51999 2,038.2 787.8 48.2 998.3 130.1 7.8 66.12000 2,638.3 1,349.6 117.7 934.1 137.3 21.5 78.22001 2,519.2 1,453.9 78.0 745.7 129.6 29.5 82.52002 2,428.5 1,362.2 58.1 676.0 136.8 45.0 150.42003 2,224.4 1,194.6 75.5 649.7 168.7 40.0 95.82004 2,286.5 1,110.3 72.6 642.2 157.2 74.4 229.82005 2,157.3 1,168.0 66.8 573.5 174.6 93.8 80.52006 2,117.5 1,100.9 73.9 559.6 207.9 104.3 71.02007 2,188.8 944.8 118.5 566.7 273.4 149.7 135.72008 1,959.0 671.0 117.8 658.1 344.2 168.5 0.82009 2,013.5 875.8 76.5 435.0 298.1 270.4 57.72010 2,541.8 835.4 81.0 424.7 290.0 780.1 130.72011 3,030.7 718.7 73.6 457.7 283.4 1383.9 113.52012 2,698.0 753.6 97.8 468.7 184.4 1051.9 141.52013 2,897.4 641.4 34.3 530.8 175.4 1398.8 116.82014 2,778.1 593.2 33.9 477.8 144.8 1385.2 143.22015 1,741.5 507.1 28.4 323.6 69.1 740.5 72.82016 1,871.6 463.5 21.4 314.0 65.5 941.5 65.72017 1,887.8 385.8 19.7 303.1 75.9 1028.3 75.0

aU.S. International Trade Commission (86,87). Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bEuropean Union includes Austria, Belguim–Luxembourg, Denmark, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and UK. cPrior to 2000, pulpwood logs are not included in logs.d Fewer than 50,000 board feet.

Table 19—Log exports by major region of destination, 1965–2017(million board feet, Scribner log scale)a,c


52

Year

Current

2009

Current

2009

Current

2009

Current

2009

Current

2009

Current

2009

Current

2009

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

1965

42.6

234.

531

.717

4.5

19.8

109.

019

.110

5.1

25.0

137.

621

.311

7.2

zz

1966

50.0

267.

538

.620

6.5

19.8

105.

920

.510

9.7

29.3

156.

823

.212

4.1

zz

1967

41.7

216.

538

.319

8.9

22.2

115.

321

.811

3.2

27.0

140.

216

.887

.2z

z

1968

61.2

304.

542

.221

0.0

30.2

150.

235

.617

7.1

23.6

117.

417

.386

.1z

z

1969

82.2

390.

151

.724

5.4

71.0

337.

045

.121

4.0

30.2

143.

328

.213

3.8

zz

1970

41.9

188.

844

.119

8.7

32.1

144.

720

.592

.426

.912

1.2

26.6

119.

9z

z

1971

49.0

209.

952

.222

3.6

37.6

161.

020

.688

.224

.610

5.4

21.2

90.8

zz

1972

71.7

294.

165

.626

9.1

65.8

269.

949

.020

1.0

34.3

140.

726

.610

9.1

zz

1973

138.

153

5.9

93.4

362.

492

.335

8.2

99.2

384.

946

.017

8.5

43.6

169.

293

.636

3.2

1974

202.

472

2.9

76.2

272.

110

0.6

359.

311

0.8

395.

745

.916

3.9

54.7

195.

475

.927

1.1

1975

169.

555

4.3

57.0

186.

471

.223

2.8

68.8

225.

033

.911

0.9

29.7

97.1

42.1

137.

719

7617

6.2

543.

787

.026

8.4

101.

831

4.1

79.7

245.

934

.910

7.7

43.4

133.

927

.785

.519

7722

5.9

654.

010

0.3

290.

413

1.4

380.

489

.325

8.5

37.9

109.

760

.017

3.7

47.4

137.

219

7825

0.3

677.

813

4.5

364.

216

4.7

446.

011

3.6

307.

641

.111

1.3

59.2

160.

360

.516

3.8

1979

394.

498

8.0

155.

238

8.8

239.

059

8.7

200.

850

3.0

46.8

117.

268

.817

2.3

68.9

172.

619

8043

2.2

994.

215

5.4

357.

520

6.1

474.

121

2.7

489.

352

.412

0.5

65.6

150.

970

.116

1.3

1981

350.

273

7.3

172.

036

2.1

195.

241

0.9

163.

434

4.0

50.9

107.

263

.213

3.1

67.8

142.

719

8211

8.2

234.

612

7.2

252.

566

.913

2.8

44.5

88.3

56.4

111.

970

.814

0.5

71.1

141.

119

8316

1.6

308.

114

0.6

268.

110

4.0

198.

362

.211

8.6

60.1

114.

687

.916

7.6

55.1

105.

119

8413

2.9

244.

313

9.4

256.

312

2.7

225.

661

.811

3.6

90.1

165.

714

5.0

266.

680

.514

8.0

1985

126.

222

5.0

90.7

161.

710

1.4

180.

850

.590

.065

.411

6.6

94.5

168.

570

.012

4.8

1986

160.

728

0.4

103.

618

0.8

156.

627

3.3

74.7

130.

369

.912

2.0

108.

118

8.6

66.2

115.

519

8719

0.2

322.

513

5.7

230.

120

9.3

354.

910

5.4

178.

788

.114

9.4

146.

824

8.9

80.5

136.

519

8825

6.0

420.

014

1.9

232.

818

2.1

298.

816

2.9

267.

315

1.3

248.

214

6.3

240.

010

8.4

177.

919

8938

9.8

615.

831

3.4

495.

129

2.0

461.

322

3.3

352.

813

5.8

214.

517

8.9

282.

612

8.6

203.

219

9046

6.4

709.

012

6.7

192.

625

2.2

383.

420

3.0

308.

614

6.1

222.

118

8.3

286.

313

5.3

205.

719

9139

5.0

581.

616

6.1

244.

623

7.6

349.

816

4.1

241.

616

0.1

235.

716

3.6

240.

912

0.7

177.

719

9247

7.2

685.

919

8.4

285.

229

2.3

420.

216

4.6

236.

616

6.6

239.

521

1.2

303.

614

4.6

207.

819

9331

7.8

446.

121

7.2

304.

953

5.2

751.

336

3.7

510.

526

4.1

370.

719

4.6

273.

221

9.5

308.

119

9465

2.4

897.

026

5.9

365.

629

1.4

400.

633

4.8

460.

335

2.1

484.

131

7.4

436.

431

3.4

430.

919

9545

3.5

610.

324

8.5

334.

414

9.9

201.

829

7.1

399.

831

3.9

422.

429

6.6

399.

128

5.6

384.

319

9645

3.0

598.

525

1.1

331.

627

0.0

356.

628

9.3

382.

231

2.6

412.

926

4.4

349.

321

3.2

281.

619

9733

1.4

429.

130

7.3

397.

927

0.2

349.

921

1.3

273.

628

6.9

371.

526

4.5

342.

535

7.1

462.

419

9825

4.2

325.

228

7.8

368.

120

4.9

262.

116

1.4

206.

524

0.9

308.

127

0.2

345.

639

4.8

505.

019

9931

4.7

396.

826

8.5

338.

618

1.0

228.

395

.712

0.7

195.

124

6.0

317.

440

0.2

448.

156

5.0

2000

433.

453

5.2

258.

131

8.8

154.

619

1.0

46.1

57.0

368.

645

5.2

265.

632

8.1

445.

855

0.6

2001

255.

430

8.1

153.

518

5.2

115.

513

9.3

34.0

41.0

530.

564

0.0

326.

439

3.8

587.

270

8.4

2002

184.

822

0.5

166.

419

8.5

117.

814

0.5

73.2

87.3

382.

045

5.8

273.

832

6.6

485.

057

8.6

2003

193.

223

0.5

163.

619

5.2

111.

213

2.6

86.0

102.

628

4.8

339.

830

3.7

362.

356

0.2

668.

320

0493

.110

4.5

183.

020

5.3

65.4

73.4

63.2

70.9

427.

247

9.3

291.

232

6.7

618.

069

3.4

2005

320.

534

8.4

192.

820

9.6

103.

311

2.3

70.1

76.2

415.

145

1.2

329.

235

7.9

648.

070

4.5

2006

zz

112.

511

8.6

39.2

41.3

101.

110

6.6

275.

329

0.4

180.

319

0.1

533.

356

2.4

2007

zz

176.

418

1.2

60.9

62.6

54.6

56.1

276.

628

4.2

220.

422

6.4

361.

637

1.5

2008

zz

152.

715

3.8

33.5

33.8

46.2

46.5

198.

319

9.8

156.

315

7.5

479.

648

3.3

2009

zz

zz

zz

77.5

77.5

171.

417

1.4

119.

511

9.5

275.

027

5.0

2010

zz

zz

zz

65.9

65.2

118.

811

7.5

214.

321

2.0

432.

542

8.0

2011

zz

zz

zz

83.3

80.7

105.

310

2.1

370.

835

9.3

504.

348

8.7

2012

zz

zz

zz

88.7

84.5

142.

513

5.7

389.

237

0.6

491.

746

8.3

2013

zz

zz

zz

58.2

54.5

108.

310

1.4

216.

820

3.1

447.

841

9.5

2014

zz

zz

zz

60.2

55.6

144.

913

3.8

211.

819

5.6

548.

750

6.8

2015

zz

zz

zz

69.0

62.8

238.

121

6.4

308.

728

0.6

512.

546

5.9

2016

zz

zz

zz

96.6

86.7

220.

619

8.0

299.

226

8.5

368.

333

0.5

2017

zz

zz

zz

108.

595

.720

7.3

182.

819

2.3

169.

532

0.6

282.

7a U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

ores

t Ser

vice

(46,

52).

Fore

st S

ervi

ce N

atio

nal F

ores

t pric

es in

this

tabl

e ar

e fo

r tim

ber s

old

on a

Scr

ibne

r Dec

imal

C lo

g ru

le b

asis

, ex

cept

in th

e No

rthea

ster

n st

ates

whe

re In

tern

atio

nal 1

/4-in

. log

rule

is u

sed.

Pric

es in

clud

e KV

pay

men

ts a

nd e

xclu

de ti

mbe

r sol

d by

land

exc

hang

es a

nd fr

om la

nd u

tiliz

atio

n pr

ojec

t lan

ds. D

ata

for t

he y

ears

196

5 to

198

3 ar

e st

atis

tical

hig

h bi

d pr

ices

. Dat

a fro

m 1

984

to A

pril

1999

are

hig

h bi

d pr

ices

that

incl

ude

spec

ified

road

cos

ts. A

fter A

pril

1999

, it n

olo

nger

incl

uded

spe

cific

road

cos

ts. 1

997

dolla

rs d

eriv

ed b

y di

vidi

ng th

e pr

ice

in c

urre

nt d

olla

rs b

y th

e Bu

reau

of L

abor

Sta

tistic

s pr

oduc

er p

rice

inde

x fo

r all

com

mod

ities

(199

7 =

100)

.b W

este

rn W

ashi

ngto

n an

d we

ster

n O

rego

n.

c Sout

hern

Reg

ion.

d Paci

fic S

outh

west

Reg

ion

(prio

r to

Janu

ary

1979

cal

led

the

Calif

orni

a Re

gion

); in

clud

es J

effre

y pi

ne.

e Paci

fic N

orth

west

Reg

ion.

f Ea

ster

n an

d So

uthe

rn R

egio

ns.

g East

ern

Regi

on.

z Not A

vaila

ble.

Suga

r map

leg

Hard

wood

sTa

ble

20—

Aver

age

stum

page

pri

ces

for

saw

timbe

r so

ld fr

om N

atio

nal F

ores

ts, b

y se

lect

ed s

peci

es, 1

965–

2017

(dol

lars

per

thou

sand

boa

rd fe

et)a

Softw

oods

Doug

las-

firb

Sout

hern

pin

ecPo

nder

osa

pine

dW

este

rn h

emlo

cke

All e

aste

rn h

ardw

oods

fO

ak w

hite

, red

, and

bla

ck


53

Table 21—Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from National Forests, by selected species and region, 2017a

Average Averageprice per price perthousand thousand

Species and regionb Volumec Valued board feet Species and region Volume Value board feetThousand Thousand Thousand Thousandboard feet dollars Dollars board feet dollars Dollars

SOFTWOODS, WESTERN SOFTWOODS, WESTERN—con.

Cedar Fir—Con.

Alaska cedar: True fir: Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Rocky Mountain (2) 4,063 27.5 6.77 Alaska (10) 11 2.1 190.45 Southwestern (3) 181 2.2 12.05 Total 11 2.1 190.45 Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Incense cedar: Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Southwest (5) 5,941 94.4 15.89 Total 4,244 29.7 7.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Hemlock Total 5,941 94.4 15.89 Mountain hemlock: Port-Orford-cedar: Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 3 3.2 1,061.67 Total 0 0.0 0.00 Total 3 3.2 1,061.67 Western hemlock: Western redcedar: Northern (1) 4 0.3 65.50 Northern (1) 29 3.2 111.76 Pacific Northwest (6) 28,113 3,051.0 108.53 Pacific Northwest (6) 28 1.7 59.04 Alaska (10) 5,445 15.5 2.84 Alaska (10) 273 69.7 255.31 Total 33,562 3,066.7 91.38 Total 330 74.6 226.04 Western larch: Douglas-fir Northern (1) 18 1.6 87.9 East side: Intermountain (4) 0 0.0 0.00 Northern (1) 102,357 8,269.1 80.79 Pacific Northwest (6) 121 11.9 98.1 Rocky Mountain (2) 2,469 32.9 13.34 Total 139 13.5 96.8 Southwestern (3) 1,492 12.3 8.24 Pine Intermountain (4) 42,262 2,747.3 65.01 Lodgepole pine: Pacific Northwest (6) 354,018 44,504.8 125.71 Northern (1) 27,536 2,755.7 100.08 Total 502,598 55,566.3 110.56 Rocky Mountain (2) 54,379 1,161.9 21.37 West side: Intermountain (4) 5,765 377.8 65.53 Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Southwest (5) 1,005 3.9 3.84 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 31,752 1,354.3 42.65 Total 0 0.0 0.00 Total 120,437 5,653.5 46.94 Fir Ponderosa pinee: Grand fir: Northern (1) 11,695 601.6 51.44 Northern (1) 29,840 4,316.4 144.65 Rocky Mountain (2) 93,928 4,881.9 51.98 Intermountain (4) 8,760 1,432.6 163.54 Southwestern (3) 112,067 13,674.6 122.02 Pacific Northwest (6) 5,461 116.0 21.24 Intermountain (4) 23,880 1,891.7 79.22 Total 44,061 5,865.0 133.11 Pacific Southwest (5) 8,131 272.4 33.50 Noble fir: Pacific Northwest (6) 58,404 2,376.1 40.68 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 308,105 23,698.3 76.92 Shasta fir: Sugar pine: Pacific Northwest (6) 2 0.0 4.50 Pacific Southwest (5) 2,830 47.9 16.93 Subalpine fir: Pacific Northwest (6) 169 6.7 39.64 Northern (1) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 2,999 54.6 18.21 Rocky Mountain (2) 588 8.6 14.64 Western white pine: Southwestern (3) 224 1.5 6.67 Northern (1) 104 14.3 137.18 Intermountain (4) 332 22.9 68.98 Southwestern (3) 9 0.1 10.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Southwest (5) 2 0.0 7.50 Total 1,144 33.0 28.85 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 White fir: Total 115 14.4 124.97 Rocky Mountain (2) 355 7.6 21.41 Pine not specified Intermountain (4) 0 0.0 0.00 by species: Pacific Northwest (6) 51,051 4,058.0 79.49 Northern (1) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 51,406 4,065.6 79.09 Southwestern (3) 0 0.0 0.00

Total 0 0.0 0.00 Spruce Black, red, and white spruce Alaska (10) 0 0.0 0.00


54

Table 21—Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from National Forests, by selected species and region, 2017a—con.Average Averageprice per price perthousand thousand


SOFTWOODS, WESTERN—con. SOFTWOODS, EASTERN—con.

Spruce—con. Softwoods not specified Engelmann spruce: by species: Northern (1) 1,895 302.3 159.53 Southern (8) 20 0.4 18.95 Rocky Mountain (2) 53,206 812.7 15.27 Eastern (9) 3,434 234.7 68.35 Southwestern (3) 15 0.096 6.40 Total 3,454 235.1 68.06 Intermountain (4) 591 25.0 42.37 Total, eastern softwoods 80,439 8,888.0 110.49 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Total, softwoods 1,238,159 109,210.2 88.20 Total 55,707 1,140 20.47 Sitka spruce: HARDWOODS, WESTERN

Pacific Northwest (6) 24 7.5 312.50 Alder Alaska (10) 25,000 933.2 37.33 Pacific Northwest (6) 314 30.7 97.77 Total 25,024 940.7 37.59 Aspen Softwoods not specified Rocky Mountain (2) 0 0.0 0.00 by species: Southwestern (3) 56 0.1 2.02 Northern (1) 0 0.0 0.00 Intermountain (4) 664 14.6 21.98 Rocky Mountain (2) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 720 14.7 20.43 Southwestern (3) 0 0.0 0.00 Hardwoods not specified Intermountain (4) 36 0.5 14.28 by species: Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Rocky Mountain (2) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 1,856 6.0 3.25 Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Alaska (10) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 1,892 6.5 3.46 Total 0 0.0 0.00Total, western softwoods 1,157,720 100,322 86.65 Total, western hardwoods 1,034 45.4 43.92

SOFTWOODS, EASTERN HARDWOODS, EASTERN

Cedar Ash Southern (8) 290 7.1 24.61 Southern (8) 2 0.1 26.50 Eastern (9) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 2,513 899.7 358.02 Total 290 7.1 24.61 Total 2,515 899.8 357.75 Cypress Aspen Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 1,669 71.3 42.70 Fir Basswood True fir: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 689 5.9 8.52 Hemlock Total 689 5.9 8.52 Eastern hemlock: Beech Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 202 19.2 94.84 Eastern (9) 247 17.4 70.56 Birch Total 247 17.4 70.56 Paper birch: Pine Eastern (9) 410 33.8 82.42 Eastern white pine: Yellow birch: Southern (8) 4,392 313.0 71.26 Eastern (9) 257 53.5 208.33 Eastern (9) 2,311 44.8 19.41 Cherry Total 6,703 357.8 53.38 Black cherry: Jack pine: Southern (8) 1 0.2 186.00 Eastern (9) 4,091 281.6 68.83 Eastern (9) 5,995 4,904.0 818.01 Red pine: Total 5,996 4,904.2 817.90 Eastern (9) 36,150 3,853.7 106.60 Hickory Red and white eastern pine: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 16,942 2,637.0 155.65 Maple Southern pine: Red maple: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Southern (8) 1 0.0 4.70 Eastern (9) 2,280 106.7 46.80 Eastern (9) 2,803 686.2 244.80 Total 2,280 106.7 46.80 Total 2,804 686.2 244.72 Virginia pine: Sugar maple: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Pine not specified Eastern (9) 5,098 1,634.6 320.63 by species: Total 5,098 1,634.6 320.63 Eastern (9) 8,240 1,182.3 143.48 Maple not specified Spruce by species: Black, red, and white spruce: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 2,042 209.2 102.45 Eastern (9) 1,526 112.1 73.46

Total 1,526 112.1 73.46


55

Table 21—Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from National Forests, by selected species and region, 2017a—con.Average Averageprice per price perthousand thousand


HARDWOODS, EASTERN—con.

Oak Poplar Chestnut oak: Yellow poplar: Southern (8) 150 32.6 217.27 Southern (8) 1,025 144.6 141.07 Eastern (9) 12 3.0 247.50 Eastern (9) 4,619 257.1 55.66 Total 162 35.6 219.51 Total 5,644 401.7 71.17 Red and black oak: Yellow poplar, basswood Southern (8) 260 74.5 286.53 and cucumber: Eastern (9) 3,864 694.3 179.68 Southern (8) 1,285 83.0 64.55 Total 4,124 768.8 186.41 Hardwoods not specified Scarlet oak: by species: Southern (8) 21 1.6 78.19 Southern (8) 20,217 1,977.8 97.83 Eastern (9) 45 5.9 130.80 Eastern (9) 47,703 9,713.9 203.63 Total 66 7.5 114.06 Total 67,920 11,691.7 172.14 White oak: Total, eastern hardwoods 112,547 23,331 207.30 Southern (8) 433 149.9 346.21 Total, hardwoods 113,581 23,377 205.81 Eastern (9) 837 118.6 141.66 Total, softwoods and Total 1,270 268.5 211.40 hardwoods 1,351,740 132,587 98.09 Oak not specified by species: Southern (8) 5,565 1,023.5 183.92 Eastern (9) 5,345 630.6 117.98 Total 10,910 1,654.1 151.62aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (51); Data may not add to totals because of rounding; The stumpage prices shown in this table do not necessarily indicate values for any specific tract of public or private timber, and prices received forindividual tracts may vary widely because of differences in timber quality, degree of competition, timber accessibility, variations in special costs, methods of allocating overhead costs by species, or other factors; excludes pulpwood and miscellaneous products and also excludes timber sold by land exchanges and from land in utilization projects.bAdministrative regions of the Forest Service. Region area numbers: 1–6, 8–10. See p. iii.cScribner Decimal C log rule except in the Northeastern states timber where international 1/4-in. log rule is used.dHigh bid prices, which include specified road costs KV payments.eIncludes small amounts of Jeffrey pine.


56

Year Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009dollars dollarsb dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars

1965 28.40 156.30 22.60 124.38 17.50 96.31 16.20 89.161966 34.30 183.52 23.00 123.06 19.50 104.33 17.90 95.771967 36.80 191.07 23.30 120.98 19.50 101.25 17.70 91.901968 40.70 202.49 25.60 127.36 20.00 99.50 19.00 94.531969 50.10 237.78 31.80 150.93 22.60 107.26 21.50 102.041970 46.40 209.10 28.10 126.63 21.00 94.64 20.40 91.931971 56.00 239.83 26.60 113.92 21.90 93.79 20.80 89.081972 66.30 271.94 28.50 116.90 23.80 97.62 23.10 94.751973 84.20 326.74 41.50 161.04 32.30 125.34 30.20 117.191974 90.90 324.64 48.20 172.14 36.80 131.43 35.50 126.791975 81.60 266.84 45.70 149.44 35.40 115.76 34.10 111.511976 101.10 311.94 45.80 141.31 37.20 114.78 37.30 115.091977 119.90 347.13 49.70 143.89 39.70 114.94 40.60 117.541978 156.20 422.96 59.40 160.84 46.20 125.10 46.50 125.911979 211.50 529.81 74.20 185.87 51.90 130.01 53.40 133.771980 189.20 435.24 70.20 161.49 53.10 122.15 55.50 127.671981 185.00 389.47 70.20 147.79 52.00 109.47 55.60 117.051982 144.60 287.02 71.10 141.13 53.70 106.59 57.50 114.131983 160.70 306.39 103.80 197.90 67.30 128.31 71.60 136.511984 158.80 291.97 109.00 200.40 68.00 125.02 72.70 133.661985 118.20 210.73 88.30 157.43 57.30 102.16 62.50 111.431986 112.30 195.95 87.90 153.38 53.70 93.70 64.70 112.891987 147.30 249.79 z z 59.30 100.56 79.00 133.971988 161.00 264.15 134.20 220.18 62.10 101.89 101.20 166.041989 169.10 267.14 133.80 211.37 65.30 103.16 98.30 155.291990 182.60 277.59 141.10 214.50 81.90 124.51 106.50 161.901991 194.30 286.07 123.60 181.98 67.60 99.53 89.00 131.041992 222.60 319.97 289.30 415.84 78.10 112.26 136.90 196.781993 273.30 383.63 z z z z 153.00 214.771994 330.50 454.42 z z z z 205.00 281.861995 389.56 524.24 z z z z 252.75 340.131996 344.57 455.18 z z z z 203.00 268.161997 412.39 533.98 z z z z 289.75 375.181998 406.76 520.29 z z z z 276.50 353.671999 368.70 464.94 z z z z 285.00 359.392000 392.35 484.56 z z z z 270.00 333.462001 351.12 423.60 z z z z 321.00 387.262002 368.41 439.53 z z z z 290.00 345.982003 348.46 415.72 z z z z 319.00 380.582004 372.40 417.82 z z z z 306.00 343.322005 384.37 417.84 z z z z 315.00 342.432006 380.38 401.16 z z z z 276.00 291.082007 417.62 429.08 z z z z 313.00 321.592008 331.17 333.71 z z z z 230.00 231.762009 289.94 289.94 z z z z 207.00 207.002010 307.23 303.98 z z z z 258.00 255.272011 259.02 250.99 z z z z 278.00 269.382012 260.68 248.27 z z z z 366.50 349.052013 264.67 247.98 z z z z 299.00 280.152014 293.93 271.48 z z z z 372.00 343.592015 229.75 208.84 z z z z 364.25 331.102016 219.75 197.23 z z z z 379.50 340.622017 196.50 173.24 z z z z 372.25 328.18

aTimberMart-South (39); Louisiana Department of Agriculture (25).bDerived by dividing the price in current dollars by the Bureau of Labor Statistics producer price index for all commodities (1997 = 100).zNot available.

Oaks

Table 22—Average stumpage prices for sawtimber sold from private lands in Louisiana, by selected species, 1965–2017 (dollars per thousand board feet, Doyle log scale)a

Southern pine Ash Gums


57

Table 23—Veneer log production, by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 (million board feet, local log rule)b

Year All speciesa Softwoodsc Hardwoodsc

1965 6,275 5,425 8501966 6,315 5,610 7051967 6,305 5,610 6951968 6,880 6,150 7301969 6,430 5,750 6801970 6,642 5,863 7791971 7,215 6,515 7001972 7,810 7,070 7401973 7,750 7,090 6601974 7,560 6,945 6151975 8,185 7,545 6401976 8,417 7,795 6231977 7,960 7,360 6001978 8,150 7,560 5901979 7,690 7,085 6051980 7,649 7,040 6091981 7,710 7,095 6151982 7,504 6,885 6191983 7,736 7,110 6261984 7,970 7,335 6351985 8,460 7,810 6501986 9,062 8,398 6641987 9,370 8,700 6701988 9,261 8,580 6811989 8,814 8,119 6951990 8,662 7,942 7201991 8,037 7,276 7611992 7,876 7,101 7751993 7,796 6,995 8011994 7,735 6,881 8541995 7,626 6,700 9261996 7,560 6,583 9771997 7,581 6,601 9801998 7,671 6,707 9641999 7,802 6,812 9902000 7,870 6,855 1,0152001 6,825 5,773 1,0522002 6,596 5,600 9972003 7,222 6,299 9232004 7,158 6,272 8862005 7,100 6,259 8422006 6,825 5,983 8422007 6,586 5,871 7152008 6,081 5,482 5992009 5,972 5,381 5912010 4,726 4,051 6752011 4,126 3,656 4712012 4,059 3,600 4592013 3,992 3,544 4482014 3,925 3,487 4372015 3,857 3,431 4262016 3,790 3,375 4152017 3,723 3,319 404

aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (53).bData may not add to totals because of rounding.cSource: Estimates (20).


58

Table 24—Pulpwood consumption, production, imports, exports, and the equivalent wood volumes of imports and exports of paper, board, and wood pulp, 1965–2017 (thousand cords)a

U.S. totalconsump- Net Net

Year tionp Total Total Total Softwoods Hardwoods Residueb,e,p imports Imports Exports imports Imports Exports1965 63,519 54,034 52,884 39,129 28,201 10,928 13,755 1,150 1,305 155 9,485 13,487 4,0011966 67,429 57,399 56,294 41,809 29,900 11,910 14,484 1,105 1,385 280 10,030 14,367 4,3371967 67,377 58,419 57,469 41,441 29,967 11,474 16,028 950 1,590 640 8,958 13,789 4,8311968 69,214 60,969 60,734 43,535 31,690 11,845 17,199 235 1,425 1,190 8,245 13,643 5,3981969 73,428 64,577 65,257 47,499 34,239 13,260 17,758 -680 980 1,660 8,851 14,956 6,1051970 73,308 66,732 67,577 49,467 37,212 12,255 18,110 -845 1,120 1,965 6,576 14,310 7,7341971 74,286 66,601 66,906 46,295 33,533 12,763 20,610 -305 1,225 1,530 7,685 14,375 6,6901972 75,685 68,068 69,023 45,311 31,784 13,527 23,712 -955 1,020 1,975 7,616 14,263 6,6461973 80,294 71,421 72,891 46,269 31,496 14,773 26,622 -1,470 1,200 2,670 8,873 15,483 6,6101974 84,452 75,787 77,957 50,394 34,268 16,126 27,563 -2,170 965 3,135 8,665 17,057 8,3921975 69,231 63,941 65,821 41,029 29,035 11,993 24,792 -1,880 765 2,645 5,290 12,172 6,8821976 78,092 71,094 73,249 45,527 31,856 13,671 27,722 -2,155 1,115 3,270 6,998 14,019 7,0211977 80,486 72,952 74,972 44,538 31,022 13,516 30,434 -2,020 1,350 3,370 7,534 14,548 7,0141978 84,346 75,073 76,453 46,722 31,778 14,943 29,731 -1,380 1,675 3,055 9,272 16,205 6,9331979 87,651 78,680 81,065 50,699 35,389 15,310 30,366 -2,385 1,405 3,790 8,971 16,847 7,8761980 87,055 81,921 84,031 52,107 36,941 15,166 31,925 -2,110 1,590 3,700 5,134 16,256 11,1221981 86,814 81,003 82,468 51,390 35,685 15,704 31,079 -1,465 1,490 2,955 5,811 15,579 9,7681982 82,127 76,912 77,862 49,093 33,829 15,264 28,769 -950 1,405 2,355 5,215 14,302 9,0871983 91,044 84,504 84,829 51,612 33,413 18,199 33,217 -325 1,715 2,040 6,540 16,312 9,7721984 95,854 86,282 86,377 52,324 33,945 18,379 34,054 -95 1,825 1,920 9,572 18,697 9,1251985 95,325 85,380 86,600 52,698 33,097 19,602 33,901 -1,220 650 1,870 9,945 19,198 9,2531986 100,144 91,187 92,502 57,723 35,630 22,094 34,779 -1,315 630 1,945 8,957 19,974 11,0171987 102,445 93,005 94,590 58,538 37,172 21,367 36,052 -1,585 430 2,015 9,440 20,882 11,4421988 101,737 93,000 95,030 59,342 37,359 21,984 35,688 -2,030 735 2,765 8,737 20,779 12,0421989 100,276 92,615 93,831 59,924 37,755 22,169 33,907 -1,216 988 2,204 7,661 20,341 12,6791990 99,361 92,561 93,936 61,758 39,559 22,199 32,178 -1,376 917 2,293 6,801 19,847 13,0461991 95,484 91,925 93,246 62,701 40,213 22,488 30,545 -1,321 1,025 2,346 3,559 18,305 14,7461992 96,146 93,642 95,238 63,489 39,918 23,571 31,749 -1,596 857 2,453 2,504 18,451 15,9471993 96,090 90,996 92,759 62,122 37,621 24,501 30,637 -1,764 745 2,509 5,094 19,485 14,3921994 98,142 93,259 95,327 63,698 38,312 25,387 31,629 -2,068 544 2,612 4,883 19,965 15,0821995 97,052 93,013 94,999 69,808 41,173 28,635 25,191 -1,986 303 2,290 4,039 20,474 16,4351996 90,190 88,246 90,439 66,697 39,641 27,056 23,742 -2,193 334 2,527 1,943 17,979 16,0361997 95,247 92,312 95,038 68,354 39,943 28,411 26,684 -2,726 357 3,083 2,935 20,186 17,2511998 96,305 90,591 93,371 68,134 40,580 27,554 25,237 -2,780 231 3,011 5,713 20,653 14,9391999 94,265 86,969 89,908 64,048 37,157 26,890 25,861 -2,940 144 3,084 7,296 21,077 13,7802000 95,904 87,453 89,888 64,775 37,965 26,810 25,113 -2,435 150 2,585 8,452 22,951 14,4992001 92,181 83,384 85,240 62,033 36,200 25,833 23,207 -1,856 79 1,935 8,797 22,618 13,8212002 90,500 82,715 84,030 60,494 34,901 25,593 23,536 -1,315 66 1,381 7,785 22,222 14,4372003 97,295 85,001 85,375 62,616 37,742 24,874 22,758 -373 189 563 12,294 24,080 11,7862004 107,137 101,394 102,195 48,924 33,109 15,815 53,271 -801 437 1,238 5,743 20,241 14,4982005 104,807 100,048 100,852 50,086 33,561 16,525 50,766 -804 411 1,215 4,759 19,816 15,0572006 105,254 100,414 101,211 50,472 34,174 16,298 50,739 -797 309 1,107 4,840 19,990 15,1502007 102,010 99,223 100,617 53,058 36,585 16,473 47,559 -1,394 107 1,501 2,786 19,148 16,3622008 96,437 96,203 98,035 53,630 37,573 16,057 44,405 -1,832 49 1,881 234 18,321 18,0862009 86,601 88,270 89,669 51,144 36,783 14,361 38,525 -1,399 28 1,427 -1,669 15,281 16,9502010 89,306 92,209 93,689 53,326 38,092 15,234 40,363 -1,480 91 1,571 -2,903 15,870 18,7732011 89,167 94,254 95,507 54,216 38,937 15,279 41,291 -1,253 98 1,350 -5,087 15,716 20,8032012 90,744 95,017 96,270 55,629 40,613 15,016 40,641 -1,253 98 1,350 -4,273 15,526 19,7992013 87,319 95,125 95,499 54,416 39,828 14,588 41,083 -374 50 424 -7,806 16,486 24,2922014 86,714 93,565 93,881 53,416 39,949 13,467 40,465 -316 69 385 -6,851 16,999 23,8492015 84,979 92,061 92,465 53,735 40,100 13,635 38,730 -404 65 469 -7,082 16,160 23,2412016 85,798 91,824 91,949 53,854 40,695 13,159 38,095 -125 101 225 -6,027 16,812 22,8392017 84,152 90,852 90,872 53,206 40,137 13,069 37,666 -20 39 59 -6,700 16,518 23,218

aAmerican Forest and Paper Association (3); American Pulpwood Association (10).bChips produced from roundwood and byproducts from primary processing plants, such as slabs, edgings, and veneer cores.dHoward and Westby (20).eJohnson and others (24).pPreliminary.rRevised.

Roundwoodr,d

Consumption in U.S. millsPaper, board, and wood pulp

(pulpwood equivalent)Domestic productions


59

Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard-Yearc Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods1965 52.88 40.10 12.80 9.0 4.1 4.9 31.2 23.8 7.4 12.7 12.2 0.51966 56.29 42.10 14.20 10.3 4.4 5.9 33.1 25.4 7.7 12.9 12.3 0.61967 57.47 43.60 13.90 10.3 4.5 5.8 33.6 25.9 7.7 13.6 13.2 0.41968 60.73 46.60 14.10 9.8 4.3 5.5 36.5 28.3 8.2 14.4 14.0 0.41969 65.26 48.80 16.50 10.3 4.1 6.2 40.0 30.2 9.8 15.0 14.5 0.51970 67.58 50.70 16.90 11.3 4.6 6.7 41.1 31.4 9.7 15.2 14.7 0.51971 66.91 50.30 16.60 10.5 4.0 6.5 41.1 31.5 9.6 15.3 14.8 0.51972 69.02 51.00 18.00 10.7 4.0 6.7 42.3 31.7 10.6 16.0 15.3 0.71973 72.89 52.70 20.20 12.8 4.6 8.2 43.4 32.1 11.3 16.7 16.0 0.71974 77.96 55.80 22.20 13.9 5.1 8.8 46.1 33.6 12.5 18.0 17.1 0.91975 65.82 50.10 15.70 10.4 4.2 6.2 40.7 31.7 9.0 14.7 14.2 0.51976 73.25 54.10 19.10 12.2 4.8 7.4 44.3 33.2 11.1 16.7 16.1 0.61977 74.97 55.70 19.30 12.5 4.9 7.6 45.2 34.2 11.0 17.3 16.6 0.71978 76.45 55.30 21.20 13.0 5.2 7.8 47.7 35.0 12.7 15.8 15.1 0.71979 81.06 58.30 22.80 14.0 5.5 8.5 50.2 36.7 13.5 16.9 16.1 0.81980 84.03 60.60 23.40 14.3 5.7 8.6 50.7 36.9 13.8 19.0 18.0 1.01981 82.47 59.60 22.90 13.9 5.6 8.3 51.6 37.7 13.9 17.0 16.3 0.71982 77.86 56.30 21.60 13.1 5.9 7.2 50.2 36.6 13.6 14.6 13.8 0.81983 84.83 59.90 24.90 14.4 5.6 8.8 53.9 38.5 15.4 16.5 15.8 0.71984 86.38 61.10 25.30 14.7 6.0 8.7 54.4 38.7 15.7 17.3 16.4 0.91985 86.60 60.60 26.00 14.6 5.8 8.8 56.2 39.9 16.3 15.8 14.9 0.91986 92.50 64.00 28.50 15.2 5.7 9.5 59.9 42.0 17.9 17.4 16.3 1.11987 94.59 65.60 29.00 15.4 5.8 9.6 61.5 43.2 18.3 17.7 16.6 1.11988 95.03 65.70 29.30 14.8 5.4 9.4 61.8 42.9 18.9 18.4 17.4 1.01989 93.83 64.30 29.50 14.0 5.1 8.9 62.8 43.3 19.5 17.0 15.9 1.11990 93.94 63.10 30.80 14.0 5.0 9.0 65.4 44.6 20.8 14.5 13.5 1.01991 93.25 62.40 30.80 14.2 5.2 9.0 66.8 45.8 21.0 12.2 11.4 0.81992 95.24 59.80 35.40 13.9 5.0 8.9 70.9 45.0 25.9 10.4 9.8 0.61993 92.76 55.70 37.10 15.0 5.6 9.4 71.9 44.8 27.1 5.9 5.3 0.61994 95.33 56.10 39.20 15.4 5.6 9.8 74.7 45.8 28.9 5.2 4.7 0.51995 95.00 61.09 33.91 15.0 6.7 8.3 72.6 48.1 24.5 7.4 6.3 1.1 19951996 90.44 58.67 31.77 14.5 6.6 7.9 69.6 46.7 22.9 6.4 5.4 0.9 19961997 95.04 61.45 33.59 15.2 6.8 8.4 74.1 50.0 24.1 5.7 4.6 1.1 19971998 93.37 60.30 33.07 14.6 6.3 8.3 72.4 48.9 23.5 6.3 5.1 1.2 19981999 89.91 57.71 32.20 13.8 6.0 7.8 70.7 47.5 23.2 5.4 4.3 1.2 19992000 89.89 57.84 32.05 14.1 6.1 8.1 70.1 47.2 22.9 5.7 4.6 1.1 20002001 85.24 54.38 30.86 13.4 5.8 7.7 67.0 44.8 22.2 4.8 3.8 1.0 20012002 84.03 53.68 30.35 13.1 5.5 7.6 66.4 44.8 21.7 4.5 3.5 1.1 20022003 85.37 55.63 29.74 13.3 5.4 8.0 67.3 46.5 20.9 4.7 3.8 0.9 20032004 102.20 70.40 31.80 14.7 7.9 6.8 80.2 57.1 23.1 7.3 5.4 1.9 20042005 100.85 69.67 31.18 14.6 7.8 6.8 79.2 56.6 22.6 7.1 5.3 1.8 20052006 101.21 69.69 31.52 14.6 7.7 6.8 79.5 56.7 22.8 7.1 5.3 1.8 20062007 100.62 70.73 29.89 14.3 7.7 6.6 79.4 57.8 21.6 6.9 5.2 1.7 20072008 98.04 69.42 28.61 13.8 7.4 6.4 77.6 57.0 20.7 6.6 5.1 1.6 20082009 89.67 64.48 25.19 12.4 6.7 5.6 71.3 53.1 18.2 6.0 4.6 1.4 20092010 93.69 67.57 26.12 13.0 7.1 5.9 74.5 55.6 18.8 6.2 4.9 1.4 20102011 95.51 69.17 26.33 13.2 7.3 5.9 75.9 56.9 19.0 6.4 5.0 1.4 20112012 96.27 70.05 26.22 13.1 7.3 5.9 76.7 57.8 18.9 6.4 5.0 1.4 20122013 95.50 69.62 25.88 13.0 7.3 5.8 76.1 57.4 18.7 6.4 5.0 1.4 20132014 93.88 69.48 24.41 12.6 7.2 5.4 74.9 57.3 17.6 6.3 5.0 1.4 20142015 92.47 68.50 24.12 12.5 7.1 5.4 74.0 56.6 17.4 6.2 4.8 1.3 20152016 91.95 68.85 23.21 12.3 7.1 5.2 73.7 56.9 16.8 6.1 4.9 1.3 20162017 90.87 67.98 22.89 12.1 7.0 5.1 72.7 56.2 16.5 6.0 4.8 1.2 2017

aThe West includes: Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington.The South includes: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, 0.07Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.The North includes: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York,Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.bAmerican Pulpwood Association (9); data may not add to totals because of rounding. All numbers were revised; values include chip production.cData for the years 1989 to present are domestic receipts at pulp mills.dHoward and others (20).eJohnson and others (24).

Table 25—Pulpwood production, by regiona and softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 (million cords)b,d,e

All sections North South West


60

Table 26—Pulpwood stumpage prices of Louisiana and northern New Hampshire, 1965–2017 (dollars per cord)

YearCurrent 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009dollars dollars d dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars

1965 4.40 24.22 1.60 8.81 1.75 9.63 4.50 24.771966 4.55 24.34 1.70 9.10 2.60 13.91 5.25 28.091967 4.60 23.88 1.75 9.09 2.10 10.90 5.25 27.261968 4.65 23.13 1.85 9.20 2.00 9.95 5.25 26.121969 4.65 22.07 1.90 9.02 1.85 8.78 4.50 21.361970 4.70 21.18 1.95 8.79 1.75 7.89 4.50 20.281971 4.75 20.34 z z 1.75 7.49 4.50 19.271972 4.75 19.48 2.10 8.61 2.00 8.20 4.50 18.461973 5.20 20.18 2.40 9.31 2.00 7.76 4.50 17.461974 6.05 21.61 2.70 9.64 2.65 9.46 5.50 19.641975 6.40 20.93 2.80 9.16 2.65 8.67 6.00 19.621976 6.70 20.67 2.80 8.64 2.65 8.18 6.50 20.061977 7.10 20.56 2.95 8.54 2.65 7.67 6.50 18.821978 7.80 21.12 3.15 8.53 2.90 7.85 7.00 18.951979 9.30 23.30 3.65 9.14 3.75 9.39 8.00 20.041980 10.30 23.69 4.10 9.43 5.00 11.50 8.00 18.401981 12.65 26.63 4.30 9.05 5.00 10.53 8.00 16.841982 14.30 28.38 4.50 8.93 5.00 9.92 8.00 15.881983 14.85 28.31 4.80 9.15 5.00 9.53 8.50 16.211984 17.65 32.45 4.35 8.00 5.00 9.19 8.50 15.631985 15.20 27.10 4.40 7.84 4.00 7.13 9.00 16.051986 12.05 21.03 4.30 7.50 3.75 6.54 9.00 15.701987 13.85 23.49 5.35 9.07 3.75 6.36 9.00 15.261988 15.95 26.17 5.20 8.53 3.50 5.74 10.00 16.411989 18.33 28.96 5.54 8.75 4.00 6.32 11.00 17.381990 17.88 27.18 5.45 8.29 6.00 9.12 12.50 19.001991 20.80 30.62 8.19 12.06 6.00 8.83 14.00 20.611992 23.50 33.78 7.84 11.27 5.75 8.27 11.75 16.891993 25.07 35.19 9.77 13.71 6.00 8.42 16.50 23.161994 23.51 32.33 10.12 13.91 11.50 15.81 12.00 16.501995 24.35 32.77 10.40 14.00 z z z z

1996 23.84 31.49 12.63 16.68 z z z z

1997 23.95 31.01 15.05 19.49 z z z z

1998 29.24 37.40 17.06 21.82 2.95 3.78 2.27 2.911999 26.28 33.13 13.75 17.33 2.95 3.73 2.27 2.872000 23.33 28.82 10.32 12.74 2.73 3.37 2.50 3.092001 21.36 25.77 13.54 16.33 2.73 3.29 2.50 3.022002 19.52 23.29 14.94 17.82 2.73 3.25 2.50 2.982003 19.10 22.79 16.16 19.28 2.23 2.66 3.64 4.342004 18.88 21.18 16.44 18.44 2.64 2.96 4.05 4.542005 22.68 24.65 19.69 21.41 2.45 2.67 3.32 3.612006 18.50 19.51 14.67 15.47 2.50 2.64 3.13 3.302007 27.80 28.56 17.18 17.65 2.65 2.72 3.56 3.662008 27.20 27.40 20.25 20.40 4.85 4.89 6.18 6.232009 23.51 23.51 18.76 18.76 4.12 4.12 5.48 5.482010 25.60 25.33 25.27 25.00 4.42 4.37 7.73 7.652011 22.18 21.49 17.20 16.66 3.64 3.52 10.57 10.242012 22.40 21.33 23.91 22.77 3.16 3.01 4.08 3.882013 22.58 21.16 22.82 21.38 3.88 3.63 4.75 4.452014 22.40 20.69 23.91 22.08 3.13 2.89 4.38 4.042015 25.53 23.21 32.23 29.30 z z z z

2016 27.49 24.67 26.76 24.02 z z z z

2017 25.62 22.58 22.23 19.60 z z z z

aLouisiana Department of Agriculture, Office of Marketing (25). bNew Hampshire University, Cooperative Extention Service, andNew Hampshire Department of Resources and Economic Development (32).cIncludes tamarack.dDerived by dividing the price in current dollars by the Bureau of Labor Statistics producersprice index for all commodities (2009 = 100).zData not available.

Spruce and firNorthern New HampshirebLouisianaa

Hemlock and pinecHardwoodsSouthern pine


61

Table 27—Pulpwood prices of Louisiana and northern New Hampshire, 1965–2017(dollars per standard cord, including bark)a

YearCurrent 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009dollars dollars e dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars

1965 15.70 86.41 13.65 75.12 16.85 92.74 21.00 115.58 16.50 90.811966 16.50 88.28 14.80 79.19 17.75 94.97 22.00 117.71 17.50 93.631967 16.50 85.67 14.85 77.10 20.25 105.14 22.40 116.30 17.50 90.861968 17.00 84.58 16.30 81.09 19.55 97.26 22.15 110.20 z z

1969 17.75 84.24 17.40 82.58 19.45 92.31 23.20 110.11 18.90 89.701970 17.75 79.99 17.45 78.64 19.50 87.88 23.40 105.45 20.00 90.131971 z z z z 19.50 83.51 23.40 100.21 20.25 86.721972 19.25 78.96 19.00 77.93 19.25 78.96 23.75 97.42 22.00 90.241973 22.50 87.31 22.00 85.37 20.40 79.16 25.50 98.95 23.50 91.191974 28.30 101.07 24.95 89.11 21.25 75.89 30.00 107.14 26.50 94.641975 29.25 95.65 26.20 85.68 25.15 82.24 30.50 99.74 28.50 93.201976 30.45 93.95 26.10 80.53 30.40 93.80 31.50 97.19 31.65 97.661977 31.65 91.63 27.20 78.75 32.50 94.09 36.50 105.67 33.00 95.541978 34.55 93.56 28.30 76.63 34.50 93.42 39.00 105.61 35.00 94.771979 38.95 97.57 32.05 80.29 36.65 91.81 44.00 110.22 37.00 92.691980 41.45 95.35 33.60 77.29 36.65 84.31 46.00 105.82 41.50 95.471981 44.20 93.05 34.20 72.00 41.50 87.37 49.00 103.16 44.00 92.631982 46.95 93.19 35.25 69.97 41.50 82.37 49.00 97.26 44.00 87.341983 47.60 90.75 35.30 67.30 41.50 79.12 49.00 93.42 46.50 88.661984 42.75 78.60 z z 41.50 76.30 49.00 90.09 47.50 87.331985 49.20 87.72 37.50 66.86 41.50 73.99 49.00 87.36 46.50 82.901986 48.10 83.93 35.40 61.77 41.50 72.41 49.50 86.37 47.00 82.011987 50.65 85.89 45.35 76.90 41.50 70.37 49.50 83.94 47.00 79.701988 52.25 85.73 46.85 76.87 41.50 68.09 50.50 82.85 47.50 77.931989 55.19 87.19 46.49 73.44 41.50 65.56 50.50 79.78 51.00 80.571990 55.64 84.58 47.86 72.76 48.50 73.73 56.75 86.27 50.75 77.151991 61.04 89.87 52.37 77.11 50.00 73.62 66.75 98.28 50.75 74.721992 64.11 92.15 46.85 67.34 47.00 67.56 66.00 94.87 49.50 71.151993 66.15 92.86 51.54 72.35 49.00 68.78 65.00 91.24 49.50 69.481994 57.55 79.13 55.23 75.94 65.50 90.06 44.00 60.50 50.50 69.431995 67.93 91.41 73.06 98.32 z z z z z z

1996 62.55 82.63 57.45 75.89 z z z z z z

1997 72.30 93.62 70.19 90.88 z z z z z z

1998 74.87 95.77 58.55 74.89 49.77 63.66 27.50 35.18 58.50 74.831999 64.61 81.48 53.24 67.14 49.77 62.76 27.50 34.68 58.50 73.772000 59.11 73.00 51.53 63.64 49.77 61.47 22.83 28.20 58.50 72.252001 59.64 71.95 64.97 78.37 49.77 60.04 27.50 33.18 58.50 70.582002 60.66 72.37 65.59 78.25 49.77 59.38 27.50 32.81 58.50 69.792003 61.74 73.66 69.16 82.51 64.17 76.56 35.09 41.87 33.21 39.622004 62.41 70.02 67.28 75.49 66.13 74.19 34.25 38.42 33.30 37.362005 67.58 73.46 75.67 82.26 53.14 57.77 36.50 39.68 31.17 33.882006 61.45 64.81 67.41 71.09 66.25 69.87 25.00 26.37 32.00 33.752007 70.66 72.60 71.85 73.82 67.25 69.09 27.00 27.74 32.25 33.132008 79.70 80.31 81.90 82.53 69.50 70.03 40.63 40.94 32.25 32.502009 73.20 73.20 73.23 73.23 65.50 65.50 39.88 39.88 31.26 31.262010 78.73 77.90 83.34 82.46 95.75 94.74 17.00 16.82 148.68 147.112011 72.71 70.46 74.50 72.19 74.15 71.85 23.25 22.53 164.00 158.912012 75.97 72.35 84.08 80.08 72.00 68.57 38.25 36.43 108.75 103.572013 77.94 73.03 89.20 83.58 72.75 68.16 40.25 37.71 103.75 97.212014 77.93 71.98 93.69 86.53 82.40 76.11 40.25 37.18 103.75 95.832015 79.58 72.34 81.20 73.81 z z z z z z

2016 81.30 72.97 81.04 72.73 z z z z z z

2017 79.77 70.32 76.53 67.47 z z z z z z

aAll numbers reflect the delivered timber price.bTimberMart-South (39); Louisiana Department of Agriculture, Office of Marketing (25); f.o.b. car.cNew Hampshire University, Cooperative Extention Service, and New Hampshire Department ofResources and Economic Development (32).dIncludes tamarack, softwood hemlock, and softwood red pine.eDerived by dividing price in current dollars by the Bureau of Labor Statistics producer price.fLow grade average of four quarters.gAverage of four quarters.index for all commodities (2009 = 100).zNot Available.

Northern New Hampshirec

HardwoodsgLouisianab

Hemlock and pined Spruce and firfHardwoodsSouthern pine


62

Table 28—Lumber production, imports, exports, and consumption, by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017a

Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Year Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woodsb woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billionboard board board board board board board board board board board board Board Board Boardfeet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet

1965 38.7 29.3 9.4 5.2 4.8 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.1 43.0 33.3 9.7 221 171 501966 38.6 28.8 9.8 5.1 4.8 0.3 1.0 0.9 0.2 42.7 32.8 10.0 217 167 511967 37.5 28.2 9.3 6.2 5.8 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.2 42.5 33.0 9.5 214 166 481968 38.0 29.3 8.7 6.3 5.9 0.4 1.2 1.0 0.1 43.2 34.1 9.1 215 170 451969 37.1 28.3 8.7 6.1 5.8 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.1 42.0 33.1 8.9 207 163 441970 35.9 27.5 8.3 7.6 7.2 0.4 1.2 1.1 0.1 42.2 33.6 8.6 206 164 421971 38.5 30.0 8.4 9.4 9.0 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.2 46.8 38.1 8.7 225 183 421972 39.5 31.0 8.5 9.6 9.0 0.5 1.4 1.2 0.2 47.6 38.8 8.8 227 185 421973 40.4 31.6 8.8 7.3 6.8 0.4 2.0 1.8 0.2 45.7 36.7 9.0 216 173 431974 36.2 27.7 8.4 6.0 5.7 0.3 1.8 1.6 0.2 40.4 31.9 8.5 189 149 401975 34.1 26.7 7.3 8.2 8.0 0.3 1.6 1.4 0.2 40.7 33.3 7.4 188 154 341976 37.7 29.7 8.0 10.7 10.4 0.3 1.8 1.6 0.2 46.5 38.5 8.1 213 176 371977 40.2 31.7 8.5 12.2 11.9 0.4 1.7 1.4 0.2 50.8 42.2 8.6 231 191 391978 41.0 32.1 9.0 11.5 11.2 0.4 1.7 1.4 0.4 50.8 41.9 8.9 228 188 401979 40.7 31.4 9.3 9.9 9.6 0.3 2.1 1.8 0.4 48.5 39.2 9.2 215 174 411980 35.4 26.2 9.2 9.5 9.2 0.3 2.5 2.0 0.5 42.4 33.5 9.0 186 147 391981 32.2 24.7 7.5 9.4 9.1 0.2 2.4 1.9 0.5 39.1 31.9 7.2 170 139 311982 31.8 23.8 8.0 12.3 12.0 0.3 2.0 1.6 0.4 42.0 34.1 7.9 181 147 341983 38.5 29.7 8.8 13.6 13.3 0.3 2.3 1.8 0.5 49.9 41.3 8.6 213 176 371984 41.3 31.2 10.1 15.0 14.6 0.4 2.2 1.6 0.5 54.1 44.2 9.9 229 187 421985 40.9 31.3 9.6 14.6 14.2 0.3 1.8 1.4 0.4 53.7 44.1 9.6 225 185 401986 45.8 35.3 10.5 15.2 14.7 0.5 2.4 1.9 0.5 58.6 48.1 10.5 243 200 441987 49.5 38.2 11.3 13.8 13.5 0.3 3.2 2.4 0.7 60.1 49.3 10.8 248 203 451988 49.9 38.1 11.7 15.3 14.9 0.3 4.4 3.2 1.2 60.7 49.8 10.9 248 203 451989 49.6 37.5 12.1 13.1 12.9 0.2 4.2 3.3 0.8 58.5 47.1 11.5 237 190 461990 48.1 35.8 12.3 11.7 11.5 0.2 4.6 3.8 0.8 55.3 43.6 11.7 221 174 471991 44.3 33.2 11.2 13.4 13.2 0.3 3.9 3.0 0.9 53.9 43.4 10.5 213 172 421992 45.9 34.5 11.4 15.4 15.1 0.3 3.5 2.6 0.9 57.9 47.0 10.8 227 184 421993 45.2 32.9 12.2 16.6 16.2 0.4 3.3 2.3 1.0 58.5 46.9 11.6 227 182 451994 46.5 34.1 12.4 17.6 17.2 0.4 3.1 2.1 1.0 61.0 49.2 11.7 234 189 451995 44.9 32.2 12.6 18.4 18.0 0.4 2.9 1.9 1.1 60.3 48.4 12.0 229 184 451996 45.8 33.3 12.5 18.5 18.0 0.5 2.9 1.8 1.1 61.3 49.5 11.8 231 186 451997 47.3 34.7 12.7 19.2 18.7 0.5 2.9 1.7 1.2 63.6 51.6 12.0 238 193 451998 47.4 34.7 12.7 19.9 19.2 0.7 2.2 1.1 1.1 65.1 52.7 12.3 241 195 461999 49.5 36.6 12.9 20.2 19.4 0.8 2.5 1.4 1.2 67.2 54.7 12.5 246 200 462000 48.6 36.0 12.6 20.7 20.1 0.6 2.7 1.4 1.3 66.6 54.6 11.9 236 194 422001 46.4 34.6 11.8 21.7 21.0 0.7 2.2 1.0 1.2 65.9 54.6 11.4 232 192 402002 47.6 35.8 11.8 22.0 21.2 0.8 2.2 1.0 1.2 67.4 56.1 11.3 234 195 392003 47.1 36.6 10.5 25.5 24.5 1.0 2.1 1.0 1.2 70.5 60.1 10.3 242 207 352004 50.1 39.1 11.1 25.8 24.7 1.1 2.1 0.8 1.3 73.8 62.9 10.9 251 214 372005 50.9 39.8 11.2 23.5 22.8 0.8 2.2 0.9 1.3 72.3 61.6 10.6 244 208 362006 49.7 38.7 11.0 18.9 18.4 0.5 2.4 0.9 1.4 66.3 56.2 10.1 229 194 352007 45.8 35.2 10.6 13.0 12.7 0.4 2.2 1.0 1.2 56.6 46.8 9.8 188 155 322008 36.0 29.2 6.8 9.2 8.9 0.4 2.1 1.2 0.9 43.1 36.8 6.2 141 121 202009 30.2 23.2 7.0 9.8 9.5 0.3 1.8 1.0 0.8 38.2 31.7 6.5 124 103 212010 30.5 24.8 5.7 9.6 9.3 0.3 2.4 1.3 1.1 37.7 32.7 4.9 122 106 162011 33.3 26.8 6.6 10.2 9.9 0.3 2.9 1.7 1.2 40.6 35.0 5.7 130 112 182012 34.8 28.3 6.5 11.7 11.4 0.4 2.9 1.6 1.3 43.6 38.0 5.6 139 121 182013 37.3 30.0 7.3 13.2 12.7 0.4 3.3 1.8 1.5 47.2 40.9 6.3 149 129 202014 39.8 31.5 8.3 14.4 13.9 0.5 3.4 1.7 1.7 50.9 43.7 7.1 159 137 222015 40.3 32.0 8.3 16.7 16.3 0.4 3.1 1.6 1.5 54.0 46.8 7.2 168 146 222016 40.8 32.5 8.3 16.1 15.7 0.4 3.3 1.6 1.7 53.6 46.6 7.0 166 144 222017 42.2 33.9 8.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.6 1.7 1.9 38.6 32.2 6.4 118 99 20

aU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (57); American Forest and Paper Association (4); Luppold and Dempsey (26);U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (56); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (44); Hardwood Market Report (19): 2008–present.Western Wood Products Association (88); U.S International Trade Commission (86).Data may not add to totals because of rounding; data have been revised. bIncludes small volumes of mixed species (not classified as softwoods or hardwoods).

Per capita consumptionProduction Imports Exports Consumption


63

Table 29—Lumber production, by regiona and softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 (billion board feet)b

Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Year Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods1965 38.7 29.3 9.4 4.4 1.1 3.3 12.7 6.8 5.9 21.6 21.4 0.21966 38.6 28.8 9.8 4.5 1.1 3.4 12.9 6.7 6.2 21.2 21.0 0.21967 37.5 28.2 9.3 5.3 1.7 3.6 12.5 6.7 5.8 19.7 19.6 0.11968 38.0 29.3 8.7 4.5 1.1 3.4 12.2 7.0 5.2 21.3 21.2 0.11969 37.1 28.3 8.7 4.6 1.1 3.5 12.3 7.3 5.0 20.1 19.9 0.21970 35.9 27.5 8.3 4.4 1.0 3.4 12.0 7.2 4.8 19.4 19.3 0.11971 38.5 30.0 8.4 4.4 1.1 3.3 12.9 7.9 5.0 21.1 21.0 0.11972 39.5 31.0 8.5 4.4 1.1 3.3 13.0 8.0 5.0 22.1 21.9 0.21973 40.4 31.6 8.8 4.6 1.1 3.5 13.2 8.0 5.2 22.6 22.5 0.11974 36.2 27.7 8.4 4.4 1.1 3.3 11.9 7.0 4.9 19.8 19.6 0.21975 34.1 26.7 7.3 4.1 1.1 3.0 11.1 7.0 4.1 18.8 18.6 0.21976 37.7 29.7 8.0 6.3 1.8 4.5 16.5 13.4 3.1 14.9 14.5 0.31977 40.2 31.7 8.5 6.7 1.9 4.8 17.6 14.3 3.3 15.9 15.6 0.31978 41.0 32.1 9.0 7.0 1.9 5.1 17.9 14.4 3.5 16.1 15.7 0.41979 40.7 31.4 9.3 7.1 1.9 5.3 17.8 14.1 3.6 15.8 15.4 0.41980 35.4 26.2 9.2 6.8 1.6 5.2 15.4 11.8 3.6 13.2 12.9 0.41981 32.2 24.7 7.5 5.7 1.5 4.3 14.0 11.1 2.9 12.4 12.1 0.31982 31.8 23.8 8.0 3.9 1.1 2.8 13.5 8.8 4.7 14.4 14.1 0.31983 38.5 29.7 8.8 4.4 1.3 3.1 15.7 10.3 5.4 18.4 18.2 0.21984 41.3 31.2 10.1 4.6 1.2 3.4 17.1 10.7 6.4 19.6 19.4 0.21985 40.9 31.3 9.6 4.6 1.2 3.4 15.9 10.2 5.7 20.4 20.2 0.21986 45.8 35.3 10.5 5.0 1.4 3.6 18.8 11.7 7.1 22.0 21.8 0.21987 49.5 38.2 11.3 5.3 1.5 3.8 19.9 12.3 7.6 24.3 24.0 0.31988 49.9 38.1 11.7 5.3 1.4 3.9 20.7 12.7 8.0 23.9 23.6 0.31989 49.6 37.5 12.1 4.4 1.2 3.2 21.2 12.3 8.9 24.0 23.7 0.31990 48.1 35.8 12.3 3.9 1.5 2.4 22.5 12.6 9.9 21.7 21.3 0.41991 44.3 33.2 11.2 4.8 1.5 3.3 20.0 12.1 7.9 19.5 19.1 0.41992 45.9 34.5 11.4 4.7 1.6 3.1 21.1 13.0 8.1 20.1 19.7 0.41993 45.2 32.9 12.2 7.8 1.9 5.9 21.0 15.4 5.6 16.4 16.0 0.41994 46.5 34.1 12.4 8.0 1.9 6.1 21.8 16.0 5.8 16.7 16.3 0.41995 44.9 32.2 12.6 8.1 1.9 6.1 21.1 15.3 5.8 15.6 15.2 0.41996 45.8 33.3 12.5 7.9 2.0 5.9 22.0 15.7 6.3 15.8 15.4 0.41997 47.3 34.7 12.7 8.6 1.4 7.2 22.6 17.7 4.9 16.1 15.6 0.51998 47.4 34.7 12.7 8.6 1.4 7.3 22.6 17.7 5.0 16.1 15.6 0.51999 49.5 36.6 12.9 8.8 1.5 7.4 23.7 18.7 5.0 17.0 16.5 0.52000 48.6 36.0 12.6 8.6 1.4 7.2 23.3 18.3 4.9 16.7 16.2 0.52001 46.4 34.6 11.8 8.1 1.4 6.7 22.3 17.6 4.6 16.0 15.6 0.52002 47.6 35.8 11.8 8.1 1.4 6.7 22.9 18.3 4.6 16.6 16.1 0.52003 47.1 36.6 10.5 7.4 1.5 6.0 22.8 18.7 4.1 16.9 16.5 0.42004 50.1 39.1 11.1 7.9 1.6 6.3 24.2 19.9 4.3 18.0 17.6 0.42005 50.9 39.8 11.2 8.0 1.6 6.4 24.6 20.3 4.4 18.3 17.9 0.42006 49.7 38.7 11.0 7.9 1.5 6.3 24.0 19.8 4.3 17.9 17.4 0.42007 45.8 35.2 10.6 7.5 1.4 6.1 22.1 17.9 4.1 16.2 15.8 0.42008 36.0 29.2 6.8 5.1 1.2 3.9 17.5 14.9 2.6 13.4 13.1 0.32009 30.2 23.2 7.0 4.9 0.9 4.0 14.6 11.9 2.7 10.7 10.5 0.32010 30.5 24.8 5.7 4.2 1.0 3.2 14.9 12.6 2.2 11.4 11.2 0.22011 33.3 26.8 6.6 4.8 1.1 3.8 16.2 13.6 2.6 12.3 12.0 0.32012 34.8 28.3 6.5 4.9 1.1 3.8 17.0 14.4 2.5 13.0 12.7 0.32013 37.3 30.0 7.3 5.4 1.2 4.2 18.2 15.3 2.9 13.8 13.5 0.32014 39.8 31.5 8.3 6.0 1.3 4.8 19.3 16.1 3.2 14.5 14.2 0.32015 40.3 32.0 8.3 6.2 1.5 4.8 19.9 16.7 3.2 14.2 13.9 0.32016 40.8 32.5 8.3 6.1 1.3 4.8 20.6 17.3 3.2 14.2 13.9 0.32017 42.2 33.9 8.3 6.4 1.6 4.8 21.5 18.2 3.2 14.4 14.1 0.3

aThe West includes: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon,South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. The South includes: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.The North includes the remaining 24 states.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (4); Hardwood Market Report (19): 2008–present.Data may not add to totals because of rounding. cWestern Wood Products Association (86).

All regions North South Westc


64

Tabl

e 30

—Lu

mbe

r pr

oduc

tion

in th

e U.

S., 1

965–

2017

(mill

ion

boar

d fe

et)

Lupp

old

and

Year

Howa

rda

89 R

PAb

USDC

c,r

AF&P

Ad,r

WW

PAe

Adam

sfFi

nalg

Howa

rda

89 R

PAb

Tota

lW

est

AF&P

AdW

WPA

eAd

amsf

Dem

psey

h,r

Fina

li,r

1965

29,2

9529

,295

29,2

9529

,240

28,2

3028

,149

29,2

959,

440

9,43

17,

467

161

7,65

57,

467

9,44

79,

279

9,44

019

6628

,847

28,8

4728

,847

z27

,973

27,8

7928

,847

9,77

19,

771

7,73

720

4z

7,73

79,

782

9,56

79,

771

1967

28,1

7228

,172

28,1

72z

27,0

6926

,978

28,1

729,

311

9,31

17,

430

197

z7,

430

9,32

09,

114

9,31

119

6829

,285

30,2

2429

,285

z28

,936

28,8

3229

,285

8,43

08,

432

7,18

815

6z

7,18

88,

795

8,57

98,

735

1969

28,3

4228

,342

28,3

42z

27,9

0028

,193

28,3

427,

844

7,84

97,

482

157

z7,

482

8,73

98,

570

8,72

719

7027

,530

27,2

9727

,530

z27

,107

27,0

0127

,530

7,71

57,

701

7,13

812

7z

7,13

88,

340

8,20

38,

330

1971

30,0

3930

,040

30,0

39z

29,4

3229

,327

30,0

398,

107

8,10

66,

949

142

z6,

949

8,45

48,

305

8,44

719

7230

,975

30,9

7530

,975

z30

,873

30,7

6330

,975

8,24

58,

230

6,77

013

9z

6,77

08,

502

8,35

58,

494

1973

31,5

8631

,586

31,5

86z

31,2

8931

,149

31,5

868,

792

8,79

27,

009

151

z7,

008

8,80

28,

641

8,79

219

7427

,704

28,3

5727

,704

z27

,193

27,0

5927

,704

8,44

88,

448

6,90

418

9z

6,90

48,

459

8,25

98,

448

1975

26,7

4726

,148

26,7

47z

25,7

1125

,602

26,7

477,

304

7,30

45,

872

146

z5,

872

7,30

97,

158

7,30

419

7630

,600

30,2

7430

,571

29,6

9329

,693

29,5

1029

,693

7,97

77,

978

6,42

717

77,

801

6,41

77,

983

7,80

07,

977

1977

32,7

0032

,159

32,6

6131

,737

31,7

3731

,496

31,7

378,

500

8,50

06,

701

184

8,31

76,

680

8,50

68,

316

8,50

019

7833

,500

32,5

8533

,467

32,0

5732

,057

31,6

9832

,057

8,96

08,

959

7,03

123

28,

728

8,72

88,

963

8,72

88,

960

1979

33,3

0031

,942

33,2

5531

,432

31,4

3231

,044

31,4

329,

308

9,30

57,

314

238

9,06

99,

069

9,31

39,

070

9,30

819

8028

,200

26,9

6628

,239

26,2

4626

,246

25,6

3226

,246

9,14

79,

087

7,11

529

78,

860

8,86

09,

160

8,86

09,

157

1981

25,4

0024

,956

25,4

3224

,676

24,6

7624

,518

24,6

768,

046

8,01

86,

252

334

7,14

77,

147

7,37

87,

146

7,48

019

8223

,787

24,0

9824

,949

23,7

8723

,787

23,6

3123

,787

7,94

67,

854

5,06

132

97,

668

7,66

87,

995

7,66

77,

996

1983

29,7

2629

,991

28,9

2629

,726

29,7

2629

,547

29,7

268,

767

8,82

25,

627

211

8,55

68,

556

8,76

88,

556

8,76

719

8431

,174

31,1

9230

,801

31,1

7431

,174

30,9

4531

,174

9,84

49,

826

6,26

421

19,

865

9,86

510

,082

9,87

910

,090

1985

31,3

2130

,853

30,4

7931

,321

31,3

2131

,092

31,3

219,

537

9,47

45,

966

204

8,86

68,

866

9,59

79,

394

9,59

719

8635

,273

34,7

0034

,815

35,2

7335

,273

35,0

0335

,273

10,3

4710

,311

7,18

424

910

,877

10,8

7710

,819

10,2

2810

,477

1987

38,3

25z

37,4

1038

,235

38,2

3538

,039

38,2

3511

,263

z7,

476

253

11,6

9511

,695

11,4

6511

,010

11,2

6319

8838

,130

z36

,845

38,1

3038

,130

37,8

2638

,130

11,7

41z

7,73

127

512

,170

12,1

7012

,151

11,4

6611

,741

1989

37,5

45z

36,0

4037

,545

37,2

2537

,225

37,5

4511

,944

z7,

536

313

12,4

1512

,415

12,2

3611

,743

12,0

5619

9035

,791

z36

,224

35,7

9135

,459

35,4

5935

,791

12,0

21z

7,24

237

412

,660

12,6

6012

,369

11,9

4712

,321

1991

33,1

61z

33,0

6433

,161

32,8

0032

,800

33,1

6111

,046

z6,

766

363

11,6

3311

,633

11,3

8310

,805

11,1

6819

9234

,526

z33

,704

34,5

2634

,151

34,1

5134

,526

11,4

23z

7,05

041

611

,639

11,6

3911

,630

11,0

0711

,423

1993

32,9

47z

34,7

2532

,947

32,5

1732

,517

32,9

4711

,732

z10

,631

438

11,9

1411

,914

12,1

7011

,781

12,2

1919

9434

,107

z35

,556

34,1

0733

,657

33,6

5734

,107

11,1

08z

10,9

1044

512

,311

12,3

1112

,311

11,9

4012

,385

1995

32,2

33z

33,0

4332

,233

31,7

8231

,782

32,2

3311

,307

z10

,928

441

12,4

3412

,434

12,4

3412

,203

12,6

4419

9633

,266

z34

,065

33,2

6632

,859

32,8

5933

,266

12,7

25z

10,6

9044

9z

z12

,705

12,0

3912

,488

1997

34,6

67z

35,4

5734

,667

34,6

6334

,662

34,6

6712

,921

z11

,103

468

zz

z12

,205

12,6

7319

9834

,677

z35

,896

34,6

7734

,678

z34

,677

12,7

29z

11,3

6740

7z

zz

12,3

2212

,729

1999

36,6

05z

38,0

3336

,605

36,8

16z

36,6

0512

,927

z12

,523

508

zz

z12

,419

12,9

2720

0035

,964

z37

,147

35,9

6435

,965

z35

,964

12,5

98z

12,2

9851

8z

zz

12,0

8012

,598

2001

34,5

81z

35,4

7934

,581

34,5

79z

34,5

8111

,834

z11

,109

475

zz

z11

,359

11,8

3420

0235

,830

z36

,329

35,8

3036

,418

z35

,830

11,7

50z

11,1

2247

0z

zz

11,2

8011

,750

2003

36,6

07z

36,6

8736

,607

36,6

08z

36,6

0710

,494

z10

,494

386

zz

z10

,494

10,4

9420

0439

,075

z38

,502

39,0

7539

,112

z39

,075

11,0

59z

10,9

5439

1z

zz

11,0

5911

,059

2005

39,7

70z

39,7

7039

,770

40,7

85z

39,7

7011

,158

z11

,158

398

zz

z11

,158

11,1

5820

0638

,726

z37

,718

38,7

2638

,726

z38

,726

11,0

14z

11,0

2636

3z

zz

11,0

1411

,014

2007

35,1

58z

33,7

5135

,158

35,1

58z

35,1

5810

,608

z10

,608

445

zz

z10

,608

10,6

0820

0829

,177

z27

,363

29,1

7729

,177

z29

,177

6,78

7z

6,49

629

1z

zz

6,49

66,

787

2009

23,2

40z

21,9

1223

,240

23,2

40z

23,2

406,

989

z5,

010

241

zz

z5,

010

6,98

920

1024

,802

z23

,718

24,8

0224

,802

z24

,802

5,65

9z

5,33

932

0z

zz

z5,

659

2011

26,7

54z

z26

,754

26,7

54z

26,7

546,

230

zz

320

zz

zz

6,55

020

1228

,256

zz

28,2

5628

,256

z28

,256

6,21

5z

z32

0z

zz

z6,

535

2013

29,9

82z

z29

,982

29,9

82z

29,9

827,

019

zz

320

zz

zz

7,33

920

1431

,490

zz

31,4

9024

,646

z31

,490

8,31

5z

zz

zz

zz

8,31

520

1532

,028

zz

zz

z32

,028

8,27

6z

zz

zz

zz

8,27

620

1632

,535

zz

zz

z32

,535

8,30

4z

zz

zz

zz

8,30

420

1733

,888

zz

zz

z33

,888

8,30

8z

zz

zz

zz

8,30

8a Da

ta d

eriv

ed fr

om T

able

28.

b U.S.

Dep

artm

ent o

f Agr

icul

ture

, For

est S

ervi

ce (5

4).

c U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of C

omm

erce

, Bur

eau

of th

e Ce

nsus

(60)

.d 19

50–1

965:

Nat

iona

l For

est P

rodu

cts

Asso

ciat

ion.

196

6. F

ores

t Ind

ustry

fact

s 19

66. W

ashi

ngto

n, D

C: N

atio

nal F

ores

t Pro

duct

s As

soci

atio

n. 3

1 p.

1986

–Pre

sent

: Am

eric

an F

ores

t and

Pap

er A

ssoc

iatio

n (4

).e W

este

rn W

ood

Prod

ucts

Ass

ocia

ton

(88)

.f Ad

ams,

Dar

ius

(1).

g Fina

l est

imat

ed F

ores

t Ser

vice

sof

twoo

d lu

mbe

r pro

duct

ion

serie

s: 1

950–

1975

: USD

C Bu

reau

of t

he C

ensu

s. 1

998.

197

6–pr

esen

t AF&

PA 1

998

(7).

h Fore

st S

ervi

ce (2

6). E

stim

ated

Eas

tern

har

dwoo

d lu

mbe

r pro

duct

ion.

i Fina

l est

imat

ed F

ores

t Ser

vice

har

dwoo

d lu

mbe

r pro

duct

ion

serie

s: 1

965–

1998

: Lup

pold

and

Dem

psey

(26)

plu

s US

DC B

urea

u of

the

Cens

us 1

998

– W

est (

62).

Hard

wood

Mar

ket R

epor

t (19

): 20

08–p

rese

nt.

r 1996

–199

9 nu

mbe

rs re

vise

d.z No

t ava

ilabl

e.

USDC

c,r

Softw

ood

Hard

wood


65

Year Total Canada Mexico Otherb Totalc Canada Mexico Otherb Total Canada Mexico Otherb

1965 5,232.4 5,016.6 10.1 205.7 4,898.1 4,855.7 8.1 34.3 334.3 160.9 2.0 171.41966 5,200.0 4,920.9 5.2 273.9 4,779.2 4,730.4 3.7 45.1 420.8 190.5 1.5 228.81967 5,140.8 4,902.5 5.6 232.7 4,798.1 4,747.1 3.1 47.9 342.7 155.4 2.5 184.81968 6,154.2 5,899.2 4.0 251.0 5,809.1 5,750.0 3.2 55.9 345.1 149.2 0.8 195.11969 6,300.6 5,963.4 6.6 330.6 5,854.0 5,784.4 5.8 63.8 446.6 179.0 0.8 266.81970 6,114.4 5,867.6 7.5 239.3 5,777.7 5,722.5 5.5 49.7 336.7 145.1 2.0 189.61971 7,589.4 7,314.5 6.5 268.4 7,231.7 7,172.0 4.9 54.8 357.7 142.5 1.6 213.61972 9,433.6 9,029.2 20.5 383.9 8,984.8 8,877.8 18.6 88.4 448.8 151.4 1.9 295.51973 9,568.6 8,999.3 20.4 548.9 9,019.9 8,843.9 17.5 158.5 548.7 155.4 2.9 390.41974 7,270.8 6,847.3 6.1 417.4 6,821.1 6,732.2 2.4 86.5 449.7 115.1 3.7 330.91975 5,975.8 5,738.8 28.5 208.5 5,723.8 5,677.0 0.4 46.4 252.0 61.8 28.1 162.11976 8,246.8 7,995.3 1.0 250.5 7,958.5 7,912.6 0.8 45.1 288.3 82.7 0.2 205.41977 10,713.3 10,408.0 7.0 298.3 10,369.6 10,327.0 1.2 41.4 343.7 81.0 5.8 256.91978 12,214.6 11,879.4 11.9 323.3 11,853.2 11,776.7 11.3 65.2 361.4 102.7 0.6 258.11979 11,529.5 11,187.6 4.7 337.2 11,153.3 11,100.9 3.1 49.3 376.2 86.7 1.6 287.91980 9,866.1 9,618.7 2.9 244.5 9,572.9 9,546.3 2.5 24.1 293.2 72.4 0.4 220.41981 9,523.2 9,285.4 1.8 236.0 9,232.1 9,208.1 1.5 22.5 291.1 77.3 0.3 213.51982 9,360.5 9,191.8 6.5 162.2 9,149.5 9,114.9 1.1 33.5 211.0 76.9 5.4 128.71983 12,253.5 12,039.6 13.6 200.3 11,993.0 11,962.7 12.0 18.3 260.5 76.9 1.6 182.01984 13,632.1 13,342.8 14.6 274.7 13,304.4 13,252.3 11.8 40.3 327.7 90.5 2.8 234.41985 14,995.6 14,636.1 12.2 347.3 14,632.0 14,531.7 11.8 88.5 363.6 104.4 0.4 258.81986 14,585.1 14,250.0 32.8 302.3 14,238.2 14,142.3 31.9 64.0 346.9 107.7 0.9 238.31987 15,191.5 14,763.3 55.1 373.1 14,680.4 14,600.8 54.1 25.5 511.1 162.5 1.0 347.61988 13,777.8 12,999.2 72.9 705.7 13,473.0 12,855.2 72.5 545.2 304.8 144.0 0.3 160.51989 15,258.4 13,964.2 193.4 1,100.8 14,909.0 13,761.2 193.0 954.8 349.4 202.9 0.4 146.01990 13,106.7 11,918.4 360.4 827.8 12,875.0 11,804.7 360.3 710.0 231.7 113.6 0.2 117.81991 11,725.2 11,517.6 48.0 159.6 11,515.0 11,410.8 47.8 56.4 210.2 106.8 0.2 103.21992 13,449.9 13,207.9 53.3 188.7 13,190.0 13,055.1 53.1 81.9 259.9 152.8 0.2 106.81993 15,399.5 15,059.7 51.7 288.1 15,086.0 14,856.2 51.6 178.3 313.5 203.5 0.2 109.81994 16,593.3 16,103.5 51.6 438.1 16,224.0 15,871.6 51.4 301.0 369.3 231.9 0.2 137.11995 17,556.3 16,989.5 108.8 458.0 17,202.0 16,780.5 106.2 315.3 354.3 209.0 2.7 142.71996 18,397.8 17,823.6 120.9 453.3 18,021.0 17,593.2 117.6 310.2 376.8 230.4 3.3 143.11997 18,451.2 17,535.7 124.4 791.1 18,000.0 17,235.5 120.0 644.5 451.2 300.2 4.4 146.61998 19,234.5 18,227.8 70.1 936.7 18,685.7 17,838.0 66.5 781.2 548.8 389.8 3.5 155.51999 19,854.2 18,486.5 58.3 1,309.4 19,178.0 18,021.2 56.9 1,099.9 676.2 465.4 1.4 209.52000 20,243.3 18,615.6 31.3 1,596.4 19,448.6 18,104.8 30.5 1,313.4 794.7 510.8 0.8 283.02001 20,720.1 18,930.3 27.7 1,762.1 20,074.5 18,503.0 27.2 1,544.3 645.6 427.3 0.5 217.82002 21,724.1 19,397.3 19.6 2,307.2 20,985.6 18,922.8 19.2 2,043.7 738.5 474.5 0.4 263.62003 21,981.2 19,709.0 15.3 2,256.9 21,187.7 19,257.8 15.0 1,914.9 793.5 451.2 0.3 342.02004 25,492.9 21,330.7 20.0 4,142.3 24,498.3 20,844.3 19.2 3,634.8 994.6 486.4 0.7 507.52005 25,753.1 21,840.7 16.0 3,896.5 24,678.0 21,367.6 15.0 3,295.4 1,075.1 473.1 1.0 601.02006 23,527.3 20,367.0 12.9 3,147.4 22,764.3 20,017.4 11.9 2,735.0 763.1 349.6 1.0 412.42007 18,906.0 16,775.4 13.1 2,117.6 18,385.0 16,571.6 12.2 1,801.2 521.0 203.7 0.8 316.42008 13,042.2 11,652.8 8.9 1,380.5 12,681.0 11,516.6 7.7 1,156.7 361.2 136.2 1.2 223.82009 9,236.3 8,393.0 3.5 839.8 8,855.0 8,303.0 2.1 549.9 381.3 90.0 1.4 289.92010 9,768.7 9,150.5 2.8 615.4 9,468.0 9,033.0 2.0 433.0 300.7 117.5 0.8 182.42011 9,632.8 8,945.5 2.3 685.1 9,289.0 8,848.0 1.4 439.6 343.8 97.5 0.9 245.52012 10,171.5 9,633.2 2.5 535.8 9,864.0 9,528.0 1.3 334.7 307.5 105.2 1.2 201.22013 11,712.9 11,043.9 2.9 666.1 11,358.0 10,915.0 1.0 442.0 354.9 128.9 1.9 224.12014 13,170.1 12,311.0 5.1 854.1 12,729.0 12,138.0 0.8 590.2 441.1 173.0 4.3 263.92015 14,429.2 13,412.7 7.6 1,008.8 13,947.0 13,259.0 1.9 686.1 482.2 153.7 5.7 322.82016 16,730.0 15,554.9 15.4 1,159.8 16,323.0 15,404.0 1.8 917.2 407.0 150.9 13.6 242.62017 16,058.4 14,478.8 3.8 1,575.8 15,704.0 14,317.0 2.9 1,384.1 354.4 161.8 0.9 191.6

aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87); U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (58,60); Western Wood Products Association (88).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bFor the years 1974 to 1977, all imports with a value of less than $500 are included in Other.cIncludes small volumes of hardwoods.

Table 31—United States lumber imports, by softwoods and hardwoods and country of origin, 1965–2017 (million board feet)a

All species Softwoods Hardwoods


66

Cent

ral

Cent

ral

Cent

ral

and

and

and

Euro

pean

Sout

hEu

rope

anSo

uth

Euro

pean

Sout

hYe

arTo

tal

Cana

daUn

ionb

Amer

icac

Japa

nO

ther

Tota

lCa

nada

Unio

nAm

eric

aJa

pan

Oth

erTo

tal

Cana

daUn

ion

Amer

ica

Japa

nO

ther

1965

919.

128

5.1

249.

41.

110

5.7

277.

877

8.9

184.

022

9.3

1.0

103.

126

1.5

140.

210

1.1

20.1

0.1

2.6

16.3

1966

1,02

2.6

309

250.

21.

317

4.4

287.

786

7.9

186.

523

0.3

1.2

171.

327

8.6

154.

712

2.5

19.9

0.1

3.1

9.1

1967

1,12

9.5

338

261.

01.

126

5.8

263.

696

5.2

207.

624

1.0

1.1

260.

725

4.8

164.

313

0.4

20.0

0.0

5.1

8.8

1968

1,16

1.7

295.

430

4.3

1.2

288.

627

2.2

1,04

8.1

210.

428

8.9

1.1

284.

826

2.9

113.

685

.015

.40.

13.

89.

319

691,

142.

228

527

8.3

1.1

317.

326

0.5

1,02

3.8

198.

326

4.6

1.0

309.

625

0.3

118.

486

.713

.70.

17.

710

.219

701,

243.

426

9.9

299.

31.

338

3.5

289.

41,

115.

520

2.6

281.

81.

135

9.6

270.

412

7.9

67.3

17.5

0.2

23.9

19.0

1971

1,09

3.6

289.

323

9.0

1.0

323.

124

1.2

933.

320

6.3

213.

80.

928

7.4

224.

916

0.3

83.0

25.2

0.1

35.7

16.3

1972

1,42

8.3

419.

528

6.0

1.0

478.

724

3.1

1,19

1.1

290.

126

7.9

0.9

407.

222

5.0

237.

212

9.4

18.1

0.1

71.5

18.1

1973

1,96

5.9

548.

451

7.0

1.2

569.

133

0.2

1,75

2.7

388.

548

8.3

1.0

564.

431

0.5

213.

215

9.9

28.7

0.2

4.7

19.7

1974

1,76

5.4

522.

334

7.4

1.1

573.

932

0.7

1,56

6.5

382.

231

1.3

1.0

570.

530

1.5

198.

914

0.1

36.1

0.1

3.4

19.2

1975

1,61

8.1

549.

424

4.9

1.3

516.

830

5.7

1,40

5.4

397.

521

8.7

1.1

515.

327

2.8

212.

715

1.9

26.2

0.2

1.5

32.9

1976

1,84

6.0

619.

735

4.5

1.4

478.

039

2.4

1,60

5.5

437.

931

6.3

1.3

475.

137

4.9

240.

518

1.8

38.2

0.1

2.9

17.5

1977

1,66

5.6

537.

433

6.6

1.5

439.

635

0.5

1,42

7.7

365.

528

8.6

1.4

436.

733

5.5

237.

917

1.9

48.0

0.1

2.9

15.0

1978

1,74

0.9

648.

434

7.4

1.3

411.

333

2.5

1,35

3.9

374.

425

7.6

1.3

407.

631

3.0

387.

027

4.0

89.8

0.0

3.7

19.5

1979

2,14

2.4

651.

545

6.1

2.0

647.

642

9.3

1,78

1.3

427.

634

5.6

1.9

640.

536

5.7

361.

122

3.9

110.

50.

17.

119

.519

802,

494.

063

1.3

594.

73.

664

8.9

628.

32,

006.

538

8.3

429.

23.

263

3.9

551.

948

7.5

243.

016

5.5

0.4

15.0

63.6

1981

2,40

6.3

729.

139

8.3

4.0

524.

372

3.3

1,92

7.8

509.

123

4.4

3.6

506.

567

4.2

478.

522

0.0

163.

90.

417

.876

.419

822,

020.

841

8.9

410.

63.

162

7.9

589.

81,

634.

926

1.9

248.

22.

961

0.7

511.

238

5.9

157.

016

2.4

0.2

17.2

49.1

1983

2,26

9.9

664.

145

8.8

2.3

631.

656

2.3

1,75

5.6

433.

229

0.6

2.0

595.

343

4.5

514.

323

0.9

168.

20.

336

.378

.619

842,

150.

455

5.7

345.

02.

760

2.4

615.

21,

623.

634

7.7

212.

02.

154

5.0

516.

852

6.8

208.

013

3.0

0.6

57.4

127.

819

851,

792.

843

1.3

277.

05.

361

7.6

509.

71,

420.

130

0.7

177.

34.

757

4.2

363.

237

2.7

130.

699

.70.

643

.498

.419

862,

387.

751

0.1

395.

310

.688

8.3

617.

71,

888.

436

1.2

253.

310

.082

7.0

436.

949

9.3

148.

914

2.0

0.6

61.3

146.

519

873,

172.

864

852

8.1

9.0

1,20

0.5

855.

42,

447.

044

5.8

309.

58.

11,

077.

260

6.4

725.

820

2.2

218.

60.

912

3.3

180.

819

884,

390.

775

3.7

891.

05.

01,

532.

41,

165.

73,

227.

549

3.9

490.

53.

51,

280.

095

9.6

1,16

3.2

259.

840

0.5

1.5

252.

424

9.0

1989

4,16

4.9

642.

767

3.1

7.7

1,61

4.2

1,19

9.1

3,33

9.6

457.

139

7.0

6.7

1,45

7.8

1,02

1.0

825.

318

5.6

276.

11.

015

6.4

206.

119

904,

565.

665

7.6

685.

86.

71,

270.

31,

994.

03,

752.

942

2.7

412.

06.

01,

145.

11,

767.

181

2.8

234.

927

3.8

0.7

125.

217

8.1

1991

3,88

0.4

564.

875

3.7

10.7

1,21

5.7

1,33

5.2

2,99

9.5

365.

442

9.2

10.2

1,08

6.1

1,10

8.6

880.

919

9.4

324.

50.

512

9.6

226.

919

923,

498.

157

1.7

735.

19.

31,

112.

91,

083.

52,

567.

331

3.8

399.

28.

31,

003.

684

2.5

930.

825

8.0

335.

91.

010

9.3

226.

619

933,

255.

256

6.0

548.

14.

71,

180.

598

0.9

2,29

1.5

267.

024

2.8

3.7

1,06

3.2

714.

896

3.7

299.

030

5.3

1.0

117.

424

1.0

1994

3,08

1.6

610.

754

3.8

7.2

1,05

6.6

897.

02,

078.

028

5.5

230.

56.

495

8.4

597.

21,

003.

532

5.1

313.

30.

898

.226

6.1

1995

2,92

9.4

650.

351

3.4

5.9

978.

281

0.0

1,87

2.1

312.

520

1.5

4.7

871.

648

1.8

1,05

7.3

337.

831

1.9

1.2

106.

629

9.8

1996

2,87

8.5

664.

348

5.3

7.2

961.

377

9.8

1,78

8.7

312.

317

8.2

5.3

860.

743

2.2

1,08

9.8

352.

030

7.1

1.9

100.

632

8.2

1997

2,93

3.4

713.

359

2.3

15.9

796.

681

5.3

1,70

9.4

329.

320

6.2

14.0

692.

246

7.7

1,22

4.0

384.

038

6.1

1.9

104.

434

7.6

1998

2,18

9.4

576.

356

0.8

15.3

355.

468

1.5

1,12

9.2

230.

620

7.0

10.8

297.

538

3.3

1,06

0.2

345.

735

3.8

4.5

57.9

298.

219

992,

548.

665

9.3

555.

811

.135

3.2

969.

11,

366.

525

5.4

214.

27.

328

8.7

600.

91,

182.

140

4.0

341.

63.

964

.536

8.1

2000

2,70

0.0

700.

750

6.5

12.7

325.

41,

154.

71,

400.

026

5.2

151.

810

.627

4.8

697.

61,

300.

043

5.6

354.

72.

150

.645

7.1

2001

2,19

0.3

571.

339

1.3

5.1

226.

699

6.0

968.

818

6.4

86.3

2.4

180.

251

3.4

1,22

1.5

384.

930

4.9

2.7

46.4

482.

620

02r

2,18

5.7

585.

035

7.7

4.1

154.

81,

084.

196

6.4

174.

473

.22.

311

5.2

601.

31,

219.

341

0.6

284.

51.

839

.648

2.7

2003

2,11

7.6

633.

434

7.8

2.9

149.

098

4.5

957.

020

1.5

76.0

1.4

111.

556

6.6

1,16

0.6

431.

927

1.8

1.5

37.5

417.

920

042,

097.

762

9.3

339.

67.

411

9.3

1,00

2.2

821.

018

9.9

53.9

2.1

82.5

492.

61,

276.

743

9.4

285.

75.

236

.850

9.6

2005

2,19

1.1

649.

034

5.7

10.0

79.5

1,10

6.8

897.

022

6.8

65.8

5.6

49.2

549.

71,

294.

142

2.3

280.

04.

430

.355

7.1

2006

2,35

9.3

624.

538

4.3

8.6

81.8

1,26

0.1

930.

023

4.7

77.7

3.1

49.7

564.

81,

429.

338

9.8

306.

65.

532

.169

5.3

2007

2,19

3.0

599.

335

6.4

10.6

84.9

1,14

1.8

993.

024

5.9

82.4

6.9

65.4

592.

51,

200.

035

3.5

274.

13.

719

.454

9.3

2008

2,14

7.6

570.

823

1.8

18.8

114.

71,

211.

51,

203.

027

5.6

40.0

16.5

100.

477

0.4

944.

629

5.2

191.

82.

314

.344

1.0

2009

1,78

4.0

455.

417

4.6

24.4

127.

51,

002.

198

3.0

255.

824

.922

.211

3.9

566.

280

1.0

199.

614

9.7

2.2

13.6

435.

820

102,

425.

062

0.8

209.

221

.817

8.6

1,39

4.6

1,34

7.0

379.

130

.819

.716

0.0

757.

31,

078.

024

1.66

178.

42.

018

.663

7.3

2011

2,85

5.6

572.

619

6.4

9.3

195.

51,

881.

71,

667.

033

3.6

29.1

6.8

173.

51,

124.

11,

188.

623

9.06

167.

32.

522

.175

7.7

2012

2,90

0.4

633.

516

6.2

18.3

188.

81,

893.

61,

582.

037

7.0

19.7

14.7

162.

01,

008.

61,

318.

425

6.52

146.

43.

726

.888

5.0

2013

3,25

0.4

636.

216

4.0

17.9

206.

91,

614.

21,

788.

038

3.0

20.6

14.4

179.

11,

191.

01,

462.

425

3.21

143.

43.

527

.81,

034.

420

143,

387.

159

9.5

195.

918

.116

1.7

2,41

1.9

1,73

4.0

334.

032

.813

.212

6.8

1,22

7.2

1,65

3.1

265.

4816

3.0

4.8

35.0

1,18

4.7

2015

3,05

6.2

533.

117

3.9

23.7

153.

42,

172.

11,

563.

031

0.5

29.2

17.7

124.

91,

080.

81,

493.

222

2.68

144.

76.

028

.51,

091.

420

163,

260.

955

2.9

188.

825

.412

9.6

2,36

4.1

1,60

2.0

332.

040

.217

.610

2.9

1,10

9.3

1,65

8.9

220.

9414

8.6

7.9

26.6

1,25

4.8

2017

3,58

4.6

549.

417

2.5

27.1

121.

52,

714.

11,

700.

031

7.0

28.5

20.6

93.8

1,24

0.1

1,88

4.6

232.

3914

4.0

6.5

27.7

1,47

4.0

a U.S.

Inte

rnat

iona

l Tra

de C

omm

issi

on (8

6,87

); U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

orei

gn A

gric

ultu

ral S

ervi

ce (4

4); d

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing.

b Incl

udes

Bel

gium

–Lux

embo

urg,

Den

mar

k, F

ranc

e, G

erm

any,

Gre

ece,

Irel

and,

Ital

y, th

e Ne

ther

land

s, P

ortu

gal,

Spai

n, T

riest

e, a

nd th

e Un

ited

King

dom

.c In

clud

es M

exic

o.r Re

vise

d

All s

peci

esSo

ftwoo

dsHa

rdwo

ods

Tabl

e 32

—Un

ited

Stat

es lu

mbe

r ex

port

s, b

y so

ftwoo

ds a

nd h

ardw

oods

and

cou

ntry

or

regi

on o

f des

tinat

ion,

196

5–20

17 (m

illio

n bo

ard

feet

)a


67

Table 33—Lumbera production in Canada, by softwoods and hardwoods and region, 1965–2017 (billion board feet)b

Other British OtherYear All species Total Total Coast Interior Canada Total Columbia Canada1965 10.8 10.3 7.4 3.6 3.8 2.9 0.5 z 0.51966 10.6 10.0 7.3 3.7 3.6 2.7 0.6 z 0.61967 10.3 9.7 7.1 3.9 3.2 2.6 0.6 z 0.61968 11.4 10.8 7.8 4.1 3.7 3.0 0.6 d 0.61969 11.5 11.0 7.7 3.8 3.9 3.3 0.5 d 0.51970 11.3 10.8 7.7 3.8 3.9 3.1 0.5 d 0.51971 12.8 12.3 9.0 4.2 4.8 3.3 0.5 d 0.51972 13.9 13.4 9.5 4.0 5.5 3.9 0.5 d 0.51973 15.5 14.9 10.4 4.4 6.0 4.5 0.6 d 0.61974 13.6 13.0 8.7 3.4 5.3 4.3 0.6 d 0.61975 11.5 11.1 7.4 2.5 4.9 3.7 0.4 d 0.41976 15.6 15.1 10.6 4.0 6.6 4.5 0.5 d 0.51977 17.6 17.2 12.0 4.5 7.5 5.2 0.4 d 0.41978 19.0 18.4 12.5 4.8 7.7 5.9 0.6 d 0.61979 19.8 19.3 12.9 4.7 8.2 6.4 0.5 d 0.51980 19.0 18.4 11.9 4.2 7.7 6.5 0.6 d 0.61981 17.0 16.6 10.4 3.5 6.9 6.2 0.4 d 0.41982 15.6 15.2 9.9 3.0 6.9 5.3 0.4 d 0.41983 20.5 20.1 13.0 4.1 8.9 7.1 0.4 d 0.41984 20.7 20.2 13.1 3.9 9.2 7.1 0.5 d 0.51985 22.0 21.6 13.6 3.6 10.0 8.0 0.4 d 0.41986 22.4 21.9 13.1 3.7 9.4 8.8 0.5 d 0.51987 26.2 25.6 15.9 4.7 11.2 9.7 0.6 d 0.61988 25.7 25.1 15.6 4.6 11.0 9.5 0.6 d 0.61989 25.0 24.5 15.2 4.1 11.1 9.3 0.5 d 0.51990 23.1 22.7 14.2 3.8 10.4 8.5 0.4 d 0.41991 21.9 21.5 13.3 3.5 9.8 8.2 0.4 d 0.41992 23.6 23.1 14.1 3.5 10.6 9.0 0.5 d 0.51993 25.3 24.8 14.4 3.6 10.8 10.4 0.5 d 0.51994 26.1 25.6 14.3 3.7 10.6 11.3 0.5 d 0.51995 26.0 25.5 13.8 3.5 10.4 11.7 0.5 d 0.51996 27.0 26.6 13.8 3.5 10.4 12.7 0.4 d 0.41997 27.4 27.1 13.4 3.3 10.0 13.7 0.4 d 0.41998 27.5 27.2 12.8 2.7 10.1 14.4 0.4 d 0.41999 29.5 29.2 13.5 2.8 10.7 15.7 0.4 d 0.42000 29.8 29.4 13.6 2.9 10.8 15.8 0.4 d 0.42001 28.2 27.8 12.8 2.2 10.5 15.0 0.4 d 0.42002 30.9 29.5 13.7 2.2 11.5 15.8 1.4 d 1.42003 29.8 29.4 13.7 2.2 11.6 15.7 0.4 d 0.42004 30.3 29.9 13.9 2.2 11.8 16.0 0.4 d 0.42005 26.3 25.9 13.1 z z 12.8 0.4 d 0.42006 34.0 33.6 17.4 z z 16.2 0.4 d 0.42007 30.3 29.9 15.5 z z 14.4 0.4 d 0.42008 24.1 23.7 11.9 z z 11.7 0.4 d 0.42009 19.2 18.8 9.7 z z 9.1 0.4 d 0.42010 22.6 22.2 11.5 z z 10.7 0.4 d 0.42011 22.8 22.4 12.3 z z 10.1 0.4 d 0.42012 23.6 23.2 12.3 z z 10.9 0.4 d 0.42013 24.8 24.4 12.7 z z 11.7 0.4 d 0.42014 25.3 24.6 12.6 z z 12.0 0.6 d 0.42015 27.4 26.7 13.2 z z 13.5 0.7 d 0.42016 29.0 28.3 13.6 z z 14.8 0.7 d 0.42017 28.9 28.3 12.9 z z 15.4 0.6 d 0.4

aDoes not include sawn ties.bNatural Resources Canada (30); Statistics Canada (36,37,38); Wood Markets (90); Bilateral Trade-Canada; Western Wood Products Association (88).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.cIncludes small volumes of hardwoods.dFewer than 50 million board feet.zNot Available.

Softwoods HardwoodsBritish Columbiac


68

Table 34—Lumber and competing engineered wood products production, by type of product, 1970–2017

Wood laminated Oriented SoftwoodYear veneer lumbera Wood glulama Wood I-joistsa strandboard plywood Hardwood Softwood

Million MillionMillion Million Million square feet square feet Billion Billion

cubic feet board feet linear feet (3/8-in. basis) (3/8-in. basis) board feet board feet1970 z z z z 14,340 8.3 27.51971 z z z z 16,635 8.4 30.01972 z z z z 18,324 8.5 31.01973 z z z z 18,305 8.8 31.61974 z z z z 15,878 8.4 27.71975 z z z z 16,050 7.3 26.71976 z z z z 18,440 8.0 29.71977 z z z z 19,376 8.5 31.71978 z z z z 19,964 9.0 32.11979 z z z z 19,653 9.3 31.41980 3 204 45 135 16,333 9.2 26.21981 4 190 45 271 16,752 7.5 24.71982 4 164 54 557 15,846 8.0 23.81983 5 192 63 1,341 19,480 8.8 29.71984 5 229 72 2,042 19,926 10.1 31.21985 7 246 90 2,669 20,169 9.6 31.31986 8 330 99 3,513 22,118 10.5 35.31987 9 279 108 4,076 22,899 11.3 38.21988 11 298 108 4,604 22,599 11.7 38.11989 12 322 117 5,105 21,385 12.1 37.51990 16 324 122 5,418 20,919 12.3 35.81991 16 265 158 5,613 18,652 11.2 33.21992 17 258 252 6,653 19,332 11.4 34.51993 21 239 358 7,002 19,315 12.2 32.91994 23 264 380 7,486 19,638 12.4 34.11995 28 282 358 7,903 19,367 12.6 32.21996 32 309 444 9,314 19,181 12.5 33.31997 38 300 547 10,534 17,963 12.7 34.71998 41 287 619 11,227 17,776 12.7 34.71999 48 316 733 11,612 17,816 12.9 36.62000 48 356 693 11,906 17,475 12.6 36.02001 53 335 746 12,532 15,121 11.8 34.62002 56 321 756 13,426 15,200 11.8 35.82003 68 344 1,075 13,615 14,706 10.5 36.62004 86 402 1,282 14,271 14,665 11.1 39.12005 91 491 1,263 14,985 14,330 11.2 39.82006 80 461 804 14,960 13,428 11.0 38.72007 68 358 656 14,763 12,243 10.6 35.22008 47 256 424 13,003 10,237 6.8 29.22009 30 167 257 9,598 8,608 7.0 23.22010 37 176 299 10,299 9,131 5.7 24.82011 38 184 293 10,039 8,980 6.6 26.82012 46 204 359 11,038 9,181 6.5 28.32013 54 230 422 12,492 9,346 7.3 30.02014 60 233 457 13,008 8,985 8.3 31.52015 61 252 465 13,283 8,751 8.3 32.02016 65 257 482 13,922 8,809 8.3 32.52017 73 271 518 14,609 9,026 8.3 33.9

aAPA – The Engineered Wood Association (11,12).bU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (62); American Forest and Paper Association (4);Western Wood Products Association (89); Luppold and Dempsey (26). Hardwood Market Report (19): 2008–present.zData not available.

LumberbStructural panelsa


69

Table 35—Producer price indexes for lumber and selected nonwood competing materials, 1965–2017

Allcom-

Year modities Actual Relativeb Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 18.7 33.7 18.4 30.2 20.2 28.9 20.4 15.7 84.1 17.1 91.6 37.1 21.71966 19.3 35.2 19.3 32.2 21.6 30.4 21.5 16.5 85.5 18.8 97.6 41.4 24.21967 19.3 35.1 19.2 32.2 21.6 31.1 22.0 17.0 88.1 18.8 97.3 38.1 22.31968 19.8 39.8 21.8 37.8 25.3 37.5 26.5 20.5 103.4 21.4 108.1 39.8 23.21969 20.6 44.0 24.1 42.3 28.3 41.8 29.6 22.5 109.1 23.7 115.1 45.8 26.81970 21.3 39.9 21.8 36.6 24.5 35.2 24.9 18.5 86.5 21.5 100.9 43.7 25.51971 22.0 44.7 24.5 43.8 29.3 44.0 31.1 23.8 108.2 25.2 114.3 43.2 25.21972 23.0 50.7 27.7 51.3 34.3 52.1 36.8 27.4 119.2 28.5 123.7 48.1 28.11973 26.0 62.2 34.0 66.0 44.2 66.6 47.1 35.6 136.9 35.3 135.5 64.4 37.61974 30.9 64.5 35.3 66.6 44.6 65.7 46.5 36.4 117.6 34.6 112.0 72.2 42.21975 33.8 62.1 34.0 61.9 41.4 62.4 44.1 36.0 106.6 33.0 97.6 61.1 35.71976 35.3 72.2 39.5 75.0 50.2 77.1 54.5 42.7 120.8 40.8 115.5 67.1 39.21977 37.5 83.0 45.4 89.0 59.6 92.5 65.4 49.6 132.1 49.3 131.3 76.3 44.61978 40.4 96.9 53.0 103.7 69.4 107.6 76.1 57.8 142.9 57.2 141.5 89.9 52.51979 45.5 105.5 57.7 114.0 76.3 118.1 83.5 65.3 143.4 60.9 133.9 99.1 57.91980 51.9 101.5 55.5 104.9 70.2 107.3 75.9 60.1 115.7 55.9 107.6 96.0 56.11981 56.7 102.8 56.2 104.6 70.0 106.6 75.4 53.0 93.6 54.8 96.8 97.3 56.81982 57.8 100.0 54.7 100.0 66.9 100.0 70.7 45.3 78.3 53.7 92.9 100.0 58.41983 58.6 107.9 59.0 113.5 76.0 115.0 81.3 61.5 105.0 60.1 102.6 108.1 63.11984 60.0 108.0 59.1 112.5 75.3 110.0 77.8 55.8 93.0 60.1 100.2 121.8 71.11985 59.7 106.6 58.3 109.6 73.4 107.4 76.0 57.3 96.0 56.5 94.7 117.1 68.41986 58.0 107.2 58.6 110.5 74.0 108.4 76.7 56.4 97.3 56.4 97.3 118.2 69.01987 59.5 112.8 61.7 118.2 79.1 116.1 82.1 56.6 95.3 61.3 103.1 126.8 74.11988 61.8 118.9 65.0 122.1 81.7 120.0 84.9 61.5 99.4 60.4 97.7 131.0 76.51989 64.9 126.7 69.3 125.7 84.1 127.1 89.9 68.7 105.8 58.1 89.5 128.2 74.91990 67.3 129.7 71.0 124.6 83.4 123.8 87.6 62.7 93.2 59.8 88.8 131.0 76.51991 67.4 132.1 72.3 124.9 83.6 125.7 88.9 63.2 93.8 59.7 68.6 128.5 75.11992 67.8 146.6 80.2 144.7 96.9 148.6 105.1 76.6 113.1 70.1 103.5 140.7 82.21993 68.8 174.0 95.2 183.4 122.8 193.0 136.5 107.6 156.5 90.7 131.9 163.3 95.41994 69.6 180.0 98.5 188.4 126.1 198.1 140.1 107.1 153.7 98.0 140.8 168.3 98.31995 72.1 178.1 97.4 173.4 116.1 178.5 126.2 90.0 124.9 89.7 124.4 167.0 97.51996 73.9 176.1 96.3 179.8 120.3 189.5 134.0 103.8 140.6 95.4 129.2 163.9 95.71997 73.8 183.8 100.5 194.5 130.2 206.5 146.0 100.0 135.5 100.0 135.5 174.1 101.71998 71.9 179.1 98.0 179.5 120.1 182.7 129.2 84.2 117.1 95.1 132.1 178.7 104.41999 72.6 183.6 100.4 188.2 126.0 196.0 138.6 96.1 132.3 99.8 137.5 177.3 103.62000 76.8 178.2 97.5 178.8 119.7 178.6 126.3 83.9 109.3 86.5 112.7 185.9 108.62001 77.6 174.4 95.4 171.6 114.9 170.1 120.3 80.7 103.9 82.0 105.6 181.3 105.92002 75.8 173.3 94.8 170.6 114.2 170.8 120.8 80.8 106.6 78.0 102.9 178.3 104.12003 79.9 177.4 97.0 174.3 116.7 170.8 120.8 80.0 100.2 78.1 97.8 188.8 110.32004 84.8 195.6 107.0 203.6 136.3 209.8 148.4 - - - - 199.3 116.42005 91.0 196.5 107.5 198.6 132.9 203.6 144.0 - - - - 196.6 114.82006 95.3 194.4 106.3 188.6 126.2 189.4 133.9 - - - - 195.3 114.12007 100.0 192.4 105.3 174.7 116.9 170.5 120.6 - - - - 192.4 112.42008 109.7 191.3 104.6 163.5 109.4 156.3 110.5 - - - - 184.5 107.82009 100.0 182.8 100.0 149.4 100.0 141.4 100.0 - - - - 171.2 100.02010 106.8 192.7 105.4 167.3 112.0 160.8 113.7 - - - - 187.3 109.42011 116.3 194.7 106.5 166.6 111.5 160.5 113.5 - - - - 185.8 108.52012 116.9 201.6 110.3 172.5 115.5 171.7 121.4 - - - - 183.7 107.32013 117.6 214.9 117.6 198.7 133.0 199.8 141.3 - - - - 208.4 121.72014 118.75 224.2 122.6 214.9 143.8 205.6 145.4 - - - - 241.9 141.32015 110.1 221.9 121.4 199.3 133.4 192.7 136.3 - - - - 221.1 129.12016 107.2 222.7 121.8 201.8 135.1 198.8 140.6 - - - - 218.1 127.42017 111.9 230.2 125.9 217.2 145.4 223.6 158.1 - - - - 219.8 128.4*Discontinued series.

All lumber All Douglas-fir*Softwood lumber

(2009 = 100)a

Lumber and All hardwoodSouthern pine* lumberwood products


70

Year Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 13.1 70.0 9.8 52.7 z z 11.3 60.7 10.9 58.31966 13.4 69.6 10.1 52.3 z z 11.5 59.7 11.0 57.31967 13.6 70.2 10.3 53.4 35.7 185.0 11.8 61.0 11.3 58.41968 13.9 70.2 10.7 54.3 37.2 188.2 12.1 61.2 11.6 58.61969 14.7 71.4 11.2 54.4 39.1 190.0 12.6 61.0 12.1 58.81970 15.8 74.1 11.7 54.7 41.3 193.3 13.2 62.0 12.8 60.01971 16.1 73.1 12.2 55.1 44.0 199.5 14.2 64.5 13.8 62.81972 16.7 72.6 12.5 54.1 43.7 189.9 14.8 64.3 14.4 62.61973 18.0 69.1 12.9 49.5 43.3 166.4 15.5 59.6 15.0 57.81974 23.3 75.3 15.2 49.2 46.0 148.7 17.9 57.7 17.3 55.91975 25.1 74.4 16.8 49.7 49.6 147.0 20.1 59.5 19.4 57.41976 26.6 75.2 17.7 50.1 53.5 151.4 21.2 60.1 20.8 58.81977 28.3 75.4 19.5 51.9 57.4 152.9 22.6 60.2 22.2 59.11978 30.8 76.1 21.5 53.1 61.7 152.5 25.2 62.4 24.7 61.11979 35.1 77.2 23.7 52.1 65.6 144.1 28.8 63.2 28.1 61.81980 38.8 74.7 26.3 50.7 70.1 135.0 32.3 62.1 31.7 61.11981 40.7 71.8 28.8 50.8 75.9 133.9 34.3 60.5 33.8 59.71982 40.9 70.7 30.0 51.9 79.1 136.7 35.1 60.7 34.5 59.61983 41.6 71.0 30.8 52.6 82.0 139.9 35.6 60.7 34.9 59.61984 42.8 71.4 32.0 53.3 80.2 133.6 36.5 60.8 36.0 60.01985 42.7 71.5 32.2 53.9 80.4 134.7 37.7 63.2 36.9 61.91986 42.2 72.8 32.7 56.4 82.6 142.5 38.3 66.1 37.2 64.11987 43.8 73.6 33.6 56.5 84.7 142.5 38.4 64.5 37.0 62.31988 48.5 78.5 36.7 59.4 86.7 140.3 38.6 62.4 37.2 60.21989 50.7 78.1 39.0 60.1 86.7 133.6 39.0 60.1 37.7 58.11990 50.2 74.7 39.4 58.6 85.0 126.3 39.8 59.2 38.6 57.41991 49.1 72.9 40.4 59.9 83.7 124.2 40.9 60.7 39.6 58.71992 48.7 71.9 40.5 59.7 84.3 124.3 41.1 60.7 39.7 58.61993 48.7 70.8 41.0 59.6 84.8 123.3 42.2 61.3 41.0 59.61994 51.0 73.2 42.6 61.2 87.3 125.3 43.7 62.7 42.7 61.31995 55.0 76.2 47.0 65.1 89.5 124.1 45.4 62.9 44.5 61.71996 53.5 72.5 47.8 64.7 87.0 117.7 46.7 63.3 45.9 62.21997 53.9 73.0 48.3 65.5 85.6 116.0 47.7 64.6 46.8 63.41998 52.2 72.6 48.5 67.4 84.7 117.8 49.1 68.3 48.2 67.01999 66.7 91.9 77.5 106.8 92.5 127.5 67.1 92.5 65.7 90.62000 68.6 89.3 78.9 102.8 95.4 124.3 69.1 90.0 67.5 88.02001 67.1 86.5 79.9 102.9 97.4 125.5 70.9 91.3 69.0 88.92002 67.4 88.9 80.3 105.9 96.7 127.5 71.4 94.1 69.0 90.92003 69.2 86.6 81.2 101.7 96.5 120.8 71.8 89.9 69.2 86.72004 80.1 94.4 84.0 99.0 94.4 111.3 75.3 88.8 72.9 85.92005 86.1 94.6 88.4 97.1 96.5 106.0 82.8 91.0 81.6 89.62006 97.2 102.0 92.2 96.7 98.7 103.5 91.2 95.6 91.2 95.72007 103.6 103.6 94.3 94.3 99.3 99.3 95.1 95.1 95.1 95.12008 114.0 104.0 98.3 89.6 100.8 91.9 98.4 89.7 97.6 89.02009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 111.1 104.0 99.5 93.1 96.7 90.5 98.4 92.1 97.6 91.42011 120.9 104.0 104.7 90.0 98.1 84.4 98.5 84.7 97.0 83.42012 117.7 100.7 108.0 92.4 99.7 85.2 100.5 85.9 99.2 84.92013 114.3 97.1 108.2 91.9 102.6 87.2 103.3 87.8 102.2 86.92014 115.6 97.4 109.0 91.8 104.9 88.3 107.6 90.6 106.9 90.02015 107.2 97.3 111.7 101.4 109.0 98.9 111.9 101.6 111.9 101.62016 104.0 97.0 112.5 104.9 114.5 106.8 115.4 107.7 116.0 108.22017 111.2 99.4 116.2 103.8 115.7 103.3 118.8 106.1 119.7 107.0

concreteproducts sash, and trim Flat glass products

Table 35—Producer price indexes for lumber and selected nonwood competing materials, 1965–2017(2009 = 100)a—con.

Metals and metal Metal doors, Concrete Ready mixed


71

Year Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 29.6 158.4 12.9 69.1 12.0 64.2 33.2 177.6 13.6 72.91966 30.0 155.6 13.5 70.2 11.8 61.3 33.0 171.5 13.5 70.21967 30.6 158.4 13.2 68.3 11.9 61.5 31.5 163.0 13.4 69.51968 31.5 159.2 13.7 69.3 12.3 62.2 31.7 160.2 13.8 69.71969 32.5 157.9 13.7 66.3 12.3 59.7 31.7 153.9 13.4 65.21970 33.4 156.5 13.4 62.9 11.8 55.4 31.1 145.9 13.5 63.11971 34.9 158.5 16.7 75.7 13.0 58.9 30.4 138.1 14.0 63.31972 35.0 152.2 17.6 76.6 13.6 59.1 30.2 131.3 14.0 60.91973 36.4 140.0 18.3 70.2 14.3 55.1 31.8 122.1 14.1 54.31974 39.8 128.6 25.1 81.1 16.3 52.7 34.9 112.7 16.9 54.51975 44.5 131.7 28.8 85.2 17.1 50.5 36.0 106.7 19.9 59.01976 47.8 135.2 30.5 86.4 18.3 51.8 37.1 104.9 21.9 62.01977 48.6 129.5 32.5 86.7 21.8 58.0 38.4 102.3 23.1 61.51978 48.4 119.6 38.1 94.2 27.2 67.2 39.7 98.3 24.2 59.91979 52.4 115.1 41.6 91.4 29.9 65.7 40.9 89.8 26.7 58.71980 55.4 106.8 49.2 94.7 30.4 58.5 44.5 85.8 30.6 59.01981 60.2 106.2 47.4 83.6 30.4 53.6 49.5 87.2 32.2 56.91982 63.4 109.6 46.6 80.6 30.4 52.5 50.1 86.5 32.8 56.81983 65.8 112.3 43.9 74.9 33.9 57.9 51.2 87.3 33.8 57.61984 68.3 113.8 45.5 75.9 41.1 68.6 52.7 87.9 34.8 58.01985 71.8 120.3 46.9 78.5 40.2 67.3 52.2 87.5 36.3 60.81986 75.4 130.1 45.1 77.9 41.6 71.8 53.6 92.4 37.2 64.31987 78.0 131.2 42.8 72.1 38.0 64.0 54.7 92.0 38.1 64.11988 80.6 130.4 44.0 71.2 34.3 55.5 56.5 91.4 40.2 65.11989 82.5 127.1 44.6 68.7 33.4 51.5 57.8 89.1 42.7 65.71990 84.0 124.8 44.7 66.4 32.0 47.5 58.6 87.1 43.7 64.91991 83.1 123.3 44.8 66.6 30.2 44.8 58.9 87.4 45.7 67.81992 84.0 124.0 44.0 64.9 30.5 44.9 58.6 86.5 46.6 68.81993 84.6 123.0 44.2 64.3 32.9 47.8 58.4 84.9 47.7 69.31994 85.9 123.4 43.3 62.2 41.3 59.3 59.0 84.7 48.4 69.51995 87.5 121.3 45.6 63.2 46.9 65.1 60.0 83.1 50.3 69.81996 87.6 118.7 45.4 61.5 46.8 63.3 61.2 82.8 50.5 68.41997 87.7 118.8 45.0 61.0 51.9 70.3 61.8 83.7 50.7 68.71998 117.7 163.6 43.9 61.0 83.1 115.5 75.8 105.4 77.7 108.01999 118.2 162.9 43.6 60.1 97.3 134.0 74.9 103.2 77.2 106.42000 115.2 150.2 45.9 59.7 94.2 122.7 76.5 99.7 77.6 101.12001 106.7 137.4 47.4 61.0 73.2 94.2 77.2 99.5 76.5 98.62002 93.1 122.8 48.9 64.5 79.0 104.2 77.4 102.0 77.2 101.82003 93.1 116.5 50.7 63.5 80.2 100.4 79.4 99.4 78.8 98.72004 93.5 110.2 51.0 60.1 93.0 109.6 81.3 95.9 80.6 94.92005 95.9 105.3 57.3 63.0 107.4 118.0 87.5 96.1 85.4 93.82006 98.0 102.8 62.8 65.9 128.6 134.9 92.7 97.3 88.5 92.82007 97.9 97.9 64.1 64.1 109.0 109.0 93.8 93.8 90.8 90.82008 101.0 92.1 81.0 73.9 99.7 90.9 95.7 87.3 97.2 88.72009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 100.2 93.8 100.4 94.0 96.6 90.5 100.9 94.4 102.6 96.12011 99.8 85.8 103.6 89.1 94.4 81.2 104.6 90.0 109.3 94.02012 99.2 84.9 101.4 86.7 107.7 92.1 106.9 91.4 115.1 98.42013 102.8 87.4 105.3 89.5 125.7 106.8 107.5 91.3 115.1 97.82014 102.4 86.2 102.9 86.7 135.9 114.5 110.1 92.7 115.1 96.92015 105.7 96.0 102.3 92.9 137.1 124.5 110.9 100.7 115.1 104.52016 108.4 101.1 101.6 94.8 139.0 129.6 110.8 103.3 116.6 108.72017 104.9 93.7 101.1 90.4 151.0 134.9 110.9 99.1 117.6 105.0aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79).bDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities price index.cCeramic floor and wall tile.dPrepared asphalt and tar roofing and siding products.zNot available.

2009 114.1 218.1 213.8 163.5 198.0

floor coveringCeramic tilec roofingd Gypsum products floor covering

Table 35—Producer price indexes for lumber and selected nonwood competing materials, 1965–2017(2009 = 100)a—con.

Prepared asphalt Soft surface Hard surface


72

Table 36—Relativea producer price index for lumber, 1800–2017 (2009 = 100)b

All All All All All AllYear lumber Year lumber Year lumber Year lumber Year lumber Year Lumber1800 5.0 1840 12.6 1881 20.7 1922 40.3 1963 75.1 2004 136.31801 5.2 1841 13.0 1882 21.1 1923 43.7 1964 76.7 2005 132.91802 6.2 1842 12.9 1883 20.9 1924 39.8 1965 20.2 2006 126.21803 5.3 1843 12.6 1884 22.4 1925 38.3 1966 21.6 2007 116.91804 5.3 1844 13.3 1885 22.9 1926 38.2 1967 21.6 2008 109.41805 5.4 1845 14.7 1886 23.7 1927 37.4 1968 25.3 2009 100.01806 5.5 1846 13.9 1887 23.7 1928 35.4 1969 28.3 2010 112.01807 5.9 1847 13.4 1888 23.1 1929 37.5 1970 24.5 2011 111.51808 5.8 1848 13.9 1889 23.1 1930 37.5 1971 29.3 2012 115.51809 5.4 1849 14.1 1890 23.6 1931 36.0 1972 34.3 2013 133.01810 5.1 1850 14.8 1891 23.2 1932 34.8 1973 44.2 2014 143.81811 5.1 1851 14.3 1892 24.1 1933 40.5 1974 44.6 2015 133.41812 4.8 1852 15.7 1893 23.8 1934 42.7 1975 41.4 2016 135.11813 4.3 1853 15.2 1894 26.3 1935 38.7 1976 50.2 2017 145.41814 3.6 1854 14.8 1895 24.6 1936 40.8 1977 59.61815 6.4 1855 15.6 1896 25.9 1937 44.1 1978 69.41816 7.1 1856 16.0 1897 25.1 1938 42.6 1979 76.31817 6.2 1857 16.5 1898 25.4 1939 45.7 1980 70.21818 5.8 1858 16.4 1899 26.0 1940 49.8 1981 70.01819 6.7 1859 16.0 1900 26.8 1941 53.2 1982 66.91820 7.5 1860 16.0 1901 27.3 1942 51.0 1983 76.01821 7.5 1861 15.6 1902 26.7 1943 51.9 1984 75.31822 7.1 1862 14.2 1903 28.4 1944 56.2 1985 73.41823 7.5 1863 13.6 1904 26.5 1945 55.7 1986 74.01824 7.6 1864 13.6 1905 28.1 1946 56.1 1987 79.11825 7.9 1865 12.6 1906 33.2 1947 72.8 1988 81.71826 8.5 1866 15.9 1907 31.7 1948 76.3 1989 84.11827 8.6 1867 16.9 1908 30.4 1949 73.7 1990 83.41828 9.0 1868 17.4 1909 28.3 1950 82.8 1991 83.61829 8.9 1869 17.0 1910 26.8 1951 80.5 1992 96.91830 8.8 1870 17.4 1911 28.8 1952 80.5 1993 122.81831 8.8 1871 18.4 1912 29.1 1953 80.8 1994 126.11832 8.7 1872 18.7 1913 30.4 1954 79.1 1995 116.11833 9.1 1873 19.0 1914 28.8 1955 84.1 1996 120.31834 10.0 1874 18.8 1915 27.6 1956 83.1 1997 130.21835 8.8 1875 18.0 1916 25.3 1957 75.9 1998 120.11836 8.0 1876 18.4 1917 24.1 1958 73.8 1999 126.01837 11.5 1877 18.6 1918 25.0 1959 79.3 2000 119.71838 12.0 1878 18.6 1919 32.0 1960 75.7 2001 114.91839 11.4 1879 19.9 1920 42.0 1961 72.0 2002 114.21840 12.6 1880 19.4 1921 35.9 1962 73.1 2003 116.7

aDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities price index.b1800 to 1914, Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station (17); 1915 to present, U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79);1800–1964 (1992 = 100), 1965–present (2009 = 100).


73

Table 37—Plywood production, imports, exports, and consumption, by softwoods and hardwoods,1965–2017 (3/8-in. basis)a

Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Year Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods b Total woods woods Total woods woods

Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Millionsquare square square square square square square square square square square square Square Square Squarefeet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet

1965 14,496 12,447 2,049 1,052 5 1,047 36 30 6 15,512 12,422 3,090 80 64 161966 15,132 13,056 2,076 1,257 3 1,254 56 48 8 16,333 13,011 3,322 83 66 171967 14,874 12,958 1,916 1,247 3 1,244 93 85 8 16,028 12,876 3,152 81 65 161968 16,704 14,695 2,009 1,896 10 1,886 78 64 14 18,522 14,641 3,881 92 73 191969 15,563 13,694 1,869 2,122 15 2,107 215 199 16 17,470 13,510 3,960 86 67 201970 16,136 14,340 1,796 2,049 2 2,047 172 114 58 18,013 14,228 3,785 88 69 181971 18,559 16,635 1,924 2,545 3 2,542 114 99 15 20,990 16,539 4,451 101 80 211972 20,354 18,324 2,030 3,162 6 3,156 247 221 26 23,269 18,109 5,160 111 86 251973 20,112 18,305 1,807 2,536 9 2,527 451 411 40 22,197 17,903 4,294 105 84 201974 17,279 15,878 1,401 1,648 4 1,644 610 542 68 18,317 15,340 2,977 86 72 141975 17,102 16,050 1,052 1,925 7 1,918 859 791 68 18,168 15,266 2,902 84 71 131976 19,523 18,440 1,083 2,368 12 2,356 795 716 79 21,096 17,736 3,360 97 81 151977 20,563 19,376 1,187 2,272 18 2,254 357 287 70 22,478 19,107 3,371 102 87 151978 21,149 19,964 1,185 2,555 63 2,492 329 298 31 23,375 19,729 3,646 105 89 161979 20,803 19,653 1,150 2,097 27 2,070 431 402 29 22,469 19,278 3,191 100 86 141980 17,371 16,333 1,038 1,235 37 1,198 413 373 40 18,193 15,997 2,196 80 70 101981 17,728 16,752 976 1,512 30 1,482 733 686 47 18,507 16,096 2,411 80 70 101982 17,231 15,846 1,385 1,878 9 1,869 493 452 41 18,616 15,403 3,213 80 66 141983 20,960 19,480 1,480 2,747 18 2,729 615 574 41 23,092 18,924 4,168 99 81 181984 21,431 19,926 1,505 2,527 48 2,480 408 371 37 23,550 19,603 3,948 100 83 171985 21,511 20,169 1,342 3,112 54 3,058 365 321 44 24,259 19,903 4,356 102 83 181986 23,508 22,118 1,390 3,234 63 3,171 676 614 61 26,067 21,567 4,500 108 90 191987 24,423 22,899 1,524 3,932 129 3,803 855 796 60 27,500 22,232 5,268 113 92 221988 24,151 22,599 1,552 3,358 96 3,262 1,108 1,004 104 26,401 21,691 4,711 108 89 191989 22,926 21,385 1,541 1,983 49 1,935 1,562 1,442 119 23,348 19,991 3,356 94 81 141990 22,456 20,919 1,537 1,687 38 1,649 1,766 1,613 153 22,377 19,344 3,033 90 77 121991 20,148 18,652 1,496 1,457 28 1,429 1,553 1,322 231 20,052 17,358 2,695 79 69 111992 20,755 19,332 1,423 1,776 47 1,729 1,760 1,442 318 20,771 17,937 2,834 81 70 111993 20,826 19,315 1,511 1,786 41 1,745 1,677 1,409 268 20,935 17,946 2,989 81 70 121994 21,439 19,638 1,801 1,693 47 1,646 1,455 1,211 244 21,677 18,474 3,203 83 71 121995 21,209 19,367 1,842 1,951 60 1,892 1,517 1,267 250 21,643 18,160 3,483 82 69 131996 20,965 19,181 1,784 1,780 85 1,695 1,499 1,248 251 21,246 18,018 3,228 80 68 121997 19,835 17,963 1,872 2,111 104 2,007 1,802 1,548 254 20,143 16,519 3,625 75 62 141998 19,738 17,776 1,962 2,429 179 2,250 969 764 205 21,198 17,191 4,007 78 64 151999 19,832 17,816 2,016 2,827 309 2,518 984 781 203 21,675 17,344 4,331 79 63 162000 19,741 17,475 2,266 2,902 408 2,494 916 735 181 21,727 17,148 4,579 77 61 162001 17,225 15,121 2,104 3,220 665 2,555 676 514 162 19,768 15,272 4,496 69 54 162002 17,296 15,200 2,096 4,115 907 3,208 619 439 180 20,792 15,668 5,124 72 55 182003 16,753 14,706 2,047 4,489 1,306 3,183 640 410 230 20,603 15,602 5,001 71 54 172004 16,687 14,665 2,022 6,629 2,023 4,606 783 492 291 22,532 16,196 6,336 77 55 222005 16,327 14,330 1,997 6,964 2,421 4,543 686 411 275 22,604 16,340 6,264 76 55 212006 15,238 13,428 1,810 6,361 1,848 4,513 635 424 211 20,964 14,852 6,112 72 51 212007 14,013 12,243 1,770 4,972 1,087 3,885 732 553 179 18,253 12,777 5,476 61 42 182008 11,936 10,237 1,699 3,462 759 2,703 824 621 203 14,573 10,375 4,198 48 34 142009 10,192 8,608 1,584 2,751 616 2,135 619 473 146 12,325 8,751 3,574 40 28 122010 10,632 9,131 1,501 3,046 439 2,607 1,004 795 209 12,674 8,775 3,899 41 28 132011 10,530 8,980 1,550 3,148 478 2,670 949 740 209 12,730 8,718 4,012 41 28 132012 10,783 9,181 1,602 3,339 426 2,913 1,039 840 199 13,083 8,767 4,316 42 28 142013 10,982 9,346 1,636 3,873 567 3,306 990 784 206 13,865 9,129 4,736 41 29 132014 10,587 8,985 1,602 3,955 635 3,320 832 689 143 13,710 8,931 4,779 43 28 152015 10,446 8,751 1,695 4,609 942 3,667 710 564 146 14,345 9,129 5,216 45 28 162016 10,619 8,809 1,810 4,926 1,383 3,543 774 613 161 14,771 9,579 5,192 46 30 162017 10,836 9,026 1,810 5,314 1,976 3,338 859 656 203 15,292 10,346 4,946 47 32 15aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Service (44); American Plywood Association, The Engineered Wood Association (12,13);U.S. International Trade Commision (86,87); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bIncludes mixed species (not classified as hardwoods or softwoods).

Per capita consumptionProduction Imports Exports Consumption


74

Tabl

e 38

—Pr

oduc

tion,

impo

rts,

exp

orts

, and

con

sum

ptio

n of

str

uctu

ral p

anel

pro

duct

s, b

y ty

pe, 1

980–

2017

(mill

ion

squa

re fe

et, 3

/8-in

. bas

is)a

Prod

uctio

nIm

ports

Expo

rtsCo

nsum

ptio

nSo

ftwoo

dO

rient

edSo

ftwoo

dO

rient

edSo

ftwoo

dO

rient

edSo

ftwoo

dO

rient

edYe

arTo

tal

plyw

ood

stra

ndbo

ard

Tota

lpl

ywoo

dst

rand

boar

dTo

tal

plyw

ood

stra

ndbo

ard

Tota

lpl

ywoo

dst

rand

boar

d19

8016

,468

16,3

3313

536

037

323

373

373

z16

,455

15,9

9745

819

8117

,023

16,7

5227

134

930

319

686

686

z16

,686

16,0

9659

019

8216

,403

15,8

4655

726

89

259

452

452

z16

,219

15,4

0381

619

8320

,821

19,4

801,

341

423

1840

557

457

4z

20,6

7018

,924

1,74

619

8421

,968

19,9

262,

042

727

4867

937

137

1z

22,3

2419

,603

2,72

119

8522

,838

20,1

692,

669

848

5479

432

132

1z

23,3

6619

,903

3,46

319

8625

,631

22,1

183,

513

723

6366

061

461

4z

25,7

4021

,567

4,17

319

8726

,975

22,8

994,

076

889

129

760

796

796

z27

,068

22,2

324,

836

1988

27,2

0322

,599

4,60

491

196

815

1,00

41,

004

z27

,110

21,6

915,

419

1989

26,4

9021

,385

5,10

51,

160

491,

111

1,44

21,

442

z26

,207

19,9

916,

216

1990

26,3

3720

,919

5,41

81,

351

381,

313

1,61

31,

613

z26

,075

19,3

446,

731

1991

24,2

6518

,652

5,61

31,

016

2898

81,

379

1,32

257

23,9

0117

,358

6,54

419

9225

,985

19,3

326,

653

1,61

947

1,57

21,

491

1,44

249

26,1

1317

,937

8,17

619

9326

,317

19,3

157,

002

2,20

341

2,16

31,

470

1,40

960

27,0

5117

,946

9,10

519

9427

,124

19,6

387,

486

2,63

547

2,58

81,

289

1,21

178

28,4

6918

,474

9,99

519

9527

,270

19,3

677,

903

3,27

460

3,21

41,

348

1,26

782

29,1

9618

,160

11,0

3619

9628

,495

19,1

819,

314

4,50

085

4,41

41,

405

1,24

815

731

,590

18,0

1813

,572

1997

28,4

9717

,963

10,5

345,

376

104

5,27

21,

715

1,54

816

732

,158

16,5

1915

,639

1998

29,0

0317

,776

11,2

276,

671

179

6,49

286

476

410

034

,810

17,1

9117

,619

1999

29,4

2817

,816

11,6

127,

659

309

7,35

096

078

117

936

,127

17,3

4418

,783

2000

29,3

8117

,475

11,9

068,

030

408

7,62

291

473

517

936

,498

17,1

4819

,350

2001

27,6

5315

,121

12,5

328,

755

665

8,09

068

151

416

735

,727

15,2

7220

,455

2002

28,6

2615

,200

13,4

269,

368

907

8,46

163

443

919

537

,360

15,6

6821

,692

2003

28,3

2114

,706

13,6

1510

,386

1,30

69,

080

567

410

157

38,1

4015

,602

22,5

3820

0428

,936

14,6

6514

,271

11,8

702,

023

9,84

768

549

219

340

,120

16,1

9623

,924

2005

29,3

1514

,330

14,9

8512

,965

2,42

110

,544

580

411

169

41,7

0016

,340

25,3

6020

0628

,388

13,4

2814

,960

11,9

861,

848

10,1

3860

342

417

939

,771

14,8

5224

,919

2007

27,0

0612

,243

14,7

637,

916

1,08

76,

829

817

553

264

34,1

0512

,777

21,3

2820

0823

,240

10,2

3713

,003

4,42

575

93,

666

1,07

162

145

026

,594

10,3

7516

,219

2009

18,2

068,

608

9,59

83,

372

616

2,75

665

347

318

020

,915

8,74

112

,174

2010

19,4

309,

131

10,2

993,

266

439

2,82

71,

074

795

279

21,6

228,

775

12,8

4720

1119

,019

8,98

010

,039

3,40

647

82,

928

1,07

974

033

921

,346

8,71

812

,628

2012

20,2

199,

181

11,0

383,

804

426

3,37

81,

147

840

307

22,8

768,

767

14,1

0920

1321

,838

9,34

612

,492

4,50

156

73,

934

1,10

278

431

825

,237

9,12

916

,108

2014

21,9

938,

985

13,0

085,

134

635

4,49

91,

012

689

323

26,1

158,

931

17,1

8420

1522

,034

8,75

113

,283

6,03

394

25,

091

818

564

254

27,2

499,

129

18,1

2020

1622

,731

8,80

913

,922

7,12

51,

383

5,74

285

961

324

628

,997

9,57

919

,418

2017

23,6

359,

026

14,6

098,

361

1,97

66,

385

845

656

189

31,1

5110

,346

20,8

05a AP

A –

The

Engi

neer

ed W

ood

Asso

ciat

ion

(11,

12,1

3); U

.S. I

nter

natio

nal T

rade

Com

mis

sion

(86,

87).

Data

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing.

z Not a

vaila

ble.


75

Cent

ral

Amer

ica

Oth

erc

and

Sout

hPh

ilip-

Indo

-O

ther

Russ

ian

Year

bTo

tal

Cana

daTo

tal

Mex

ico

Wes

t Ind

ies

Braz

ilAm

eric

aTo

tal

Japa

npi

nes

Chin

adTa

iwan

Kore

ane

sia

Mal

aysi

aAs

iaTo

tal

Fede

ratio

nO

ther

Afric

aO

ther

e

1965

2,03

2.8

64.5

10.8

ff

z10

.81,

832.

476

8.0

307.

836

8.2

z33

6.7

zz

51.7

118.

3z

z6.

8z

1966

2,55

3.7

64.1

8.7

zz

z8.

72,

328.

978

3.4

397.

952

8.8

z57

3.6

zz

45.2

145.

1z

z6.

60.

319

672,

532.

748

.08.

1f

zz

8.1

2,35

6.0

632.

347

1.5

485.

4z

702.

0z

z64

.811

8.2

zz

2.4

f

1968

3,84

1.3

53.0

12.2

z1.

0z

11.2

3,61

9.1

921.

360

2.2

829.

6z

1,16

7.2

zz

98.8

156.

0z

z1.

0f

1969

4,29

0.2

40.6

11.7

0.1

4.0

z7.

64,

043.

880

2.3

572.

193

6.0

z1,

589.

8z

z14

3.6

192.

3z

z1.

8f

1970

4,16

8.1

24.9

10.2

f1.

9z

8.3

3,99

6.3

623.

557

0.9

939.

6z

1,78

7.3

zz

75.0

136.

1z

z0.

50.

119

715,

176.

745

.813

.8z

1.3

z12

.54,

989.

759

8.3

592.

21,

395.

5z

2,25

1.3

0.1

z15

2.3

127.

3z

zf

0.1

1972

6,42

7.5

69.5

20.5

z8.

7z

11.8

6,21

6.0

519.

164

4.2

2,02

1.9

z2,

865.

6z

z16

5.2

121.

3z

z0.

10.

119

735,

146.

774

.418

.0z

4.5

z13

.54,

959.

634

1.0

695.

31,

367.

2z

2,44

3.0

zz

113.

194

.0z

z0.

50.

219

743,

349.

146

.818

.8z

1.0

z17

.83,

229.

024

4.3

279.

393

7.2

z1,

694.

7z

z73

.548

.2z

zz

6.3

1975

3,90

6.4

50.4

15.8

z7.

5z

8.3

3,80

5.1

240.

522

4.1

1,01

1.8

z2,

290.

0z

z38

.730

.8z

zz

4.3

1976

4,79

7.8

53.6

18.3

z6.

8z

11.5

4,66

8.7

312.

535

2.9

1,18

9.4

z2,

785.

7z

z28

.247

.6z

z0.

59.

119

774,

590.

769

.324

.8z

5.1

z19

.74,

445.

335

6.1

231.

01,

149.

1z

2,67

6.9

zz

32.2

44.2

zz

z7.

119

785,

076.

075

.329

.60.

15.

9z

23.6

4,92

2.2

255.

631

2.4

1,75

2.8

z2,

493.

064

.3z

44.1

48.1

zz

0.7

0.1

1979

4,21

6.3

82.2

53.7

f2.

4z

51.3

4,03

9.6

192.

736

7.3

1,52

3.1

z1,

836.

795

.5z

24.3

40.8

zz

ff

1980

2,44

0.5

72.8

46.1

z3.

7z

42.4

2,29

0.5

150.

424

6.7

859.

8z

902.

112

0.8

z10

.730

.6z

zf

0.5

1981

3,01

7.5

64.7

30.4

z4.

4z

26.0

2,88

4.4

139.

843

6.7

1,08

0.9

z94

3.7

271.

7z

11.6

37.9

zz

0.1

z

1982

2,24

9.4

54.5

24.3

z2.

5z

21.8

2,14

6.4

95.8

161.

385

0.6

z55

9.6

473.

9z

5.2

24.1

zz

z0.

119

833,

346.

657

.544

.10.

31.

3z

42.5

3,20

5.6

119.

918

2.4

1,12

4.6

z41

4.8

1,35

2.2

z11

.739

.4z

zz

f

1984

2,98

2.3

73.4

90.0

0.1

1.4

z88

.52,

767.

910

9.7

94.9

904.

8z

78.1

1,56

8.8

z11

.650

.9z

zf

0.1

1985

3,52

2.1

69.4

75.1

f2.

9z

72.2

3,29

4.6

106.

721

2.6

780.

3z

28.2

2,14

7.2

z19

.682

.3z

z0.

40.

319

863,

809.

255

.812

0.8

0.2

1.8

z11

8.8

3,55

6.4

74.0

110.

972

3.5

z61

.82,

551.

1z

35.1

71.5

zz

4.7

f

1987

3,95

0.2

87.4

105.

90.

20.

9z

104.

83,

670.

741

.612

6.1

665.

6z

48.7

2,72

1.4

z67

.385

.1z

z0.

50.

619

883,

262.

381

.711

8.5

f0.

5z

118.

03,

022.

019

.851

.852

3.8

z6.

72,

345.

4z

74.5

39.6

zz

z0.

519

893,

938.

924

9.1

232.

10.

62.

218

6.9

42.3

3,27

1.2

11.5

59.5

0.4

770.

29.

52,

341.

240

.338

.515

8.7

0.0

158.

70.

227

.519

903,

356.

421

1.1

306.

30.

04.

224

8.9

53.3

2,70

0.6

3.9

35.7

0.4

255.

97.

92,

209.

415

9.1

28.3

90.6

0.0

90.6

0.0

47.9

1991

2,91

0.3

215.

829

7.2

0.1

1.3

237.

658

.22,

268.

63.

216

.51.

414

1.9

0.6

1,79

8.0

289.

018

.082

.00.

082

.00.

046

.719

923,

520.

526

8.4

455.

61.

81.

439

7.6

54.7

2,70

6.1

1.8

23.2

2.1

109.

50.

02,

084.

147

1.3

13.9

87.7

25.6

62.1

0.1

2.8

1993

3,55

3.3

310.

068

6.5

0.2

3.8

594.

887

.82,

430.

90.

68.

614

.590

.50.

41,

858.

544

3.7

14.2

122.

860

.062

.80.

62.

519

943,

351.

337

2.9

847.

15.

78.

268

7.2

146.

01,

922.

31.

50.

820

.445

.90.

11,

456.

437

9.1

18.1

205.

614

1.9

63.6

0.9

2.4

1995

3,85

1.4

422.

683

2.6

10.1

8.7

554.

025

9.8

2,28

2.7

0.2

0.2

12.4

29.3

0.0

1,85

8.4

373.

98.

331

1.9

252.

159

.80.

01.

619

963,

451.

033

9.4

826.

721

.09.

849

6.5

299.

41,

931.

61.

20.

414

.338

.40.

01,

575.

130

0.4

1.7

351.

633

0.3

21.3

0.2

1.6

1997

4,08

6.1

606.

185

6.4

16.4

6.2

569.

126

4.7

2,20

0.7

2.0

0.0

47.3

33.4

0.0

1,78

6.2

326.

85.

042

2.3

306.

811

5.6

0.3

0.2

1998

4,58

1.7

654.

649

0.1

7.2

6.2

271.

320

5.4

2,94

8.5

1.2

0.0

104.

136

.71.

22,

074.

272

3.3

7.8

480.

838

8.1

92.8

2.0

5.6

1999

5,12

6.8

713.

972

0.4

16.3

2.4

463.

323

8.5

3,01

0.1

0.8

0.0

149.

345

.21.

31,

839.

396

2.7

11.5

637.

853

5.3

102.

53.

840

.820

005,

078.

081

9.6

874.

418

.02.

560

2.7

251.

22,

558.

82.

20.

016

2.0

49.2

0.1

1,51

0.6

813.

021

.878

4.6

668.

411

6.2

28.7

11.9

2001

5,20

1.6

813.

685

8.9

18.4

3.1

642.

319

5.1

2,48

6.0

0.2

0.0

276.

439

.01.

21,

368.

276

2.4

38.7

978.

679

4.8

183.

838

.625

.920

026,

531.

584

0.5

1011

.019

.96.

378

9.1

195.

73,

320.

80.

50.

066

2.1

53.6

4.2

1,51

5.2

1049

.935

.313

12.6

972.

234

0.4

42.5

4.1

2003

6,48

0.9

796.

411

81.5

17.1

3.7

941.

921

8.7

3,38

2.3

0.9

0.0

1,01

7.3

49.3

14.1

1,24

1.7

972.

486

.610

79.0

893.

118

5.9

35.9

5.9

2004

9,37

7.2

825.

313

05.1

10.9

3.6

1,05

5.8

234.

85,

781.

03.

20.

02,

954.

180

.51.

71,

177.

814

33.3

130.

514

25.8

1188

.823

7.0

27.4

12.5

2005

9,24

9.0

969.

579

9.0

1.2

10.9

596.

919

0.0

6,17

6.0

0.9

0.0

3,89

1.3

67.3

0.3

984.

211

37.0

95.1

1259

.898

6.1

273.

818

.326

.420

069,

187.

964

4.0

595.

51.

28.

939

7.8

187.

76,

902.

60.

51.

84,

675.

986

.222

.587

8.7

1179

.157

.810

33.0

832.

620

0.4

7.0

5.8

2007

7,91

0.5

464.

754

9.3

3.7

3.7

266.

027

5.9

6,03

3.1

0.1

6.8

4,27

9.6

130.

01.

064

9.7

935.

630

.381

6.4

556.

326

0.0

30.3

16.7

2008

5,50

2.8

352.

432

4.9

0.2

6.9

137.

518

0.3

4,17

2.8

0.1

5.5

3,17

7.8

63.0

1.0

483.

642

2.7

19.1

624.

743

8.2

186.

515

.112

.920

094,

347.

125

0.8

404.

80.

13.

114

4.6

257.

03,

185.

50.

21.

22,

465.

551

.70.

543

1.7

213.

021

.750

0.6

401.

399

.32.

23.

120

105,

308.

024

1.6

233.

00.

22.

738

.019

2.0

4,14

6.3

0.0

2.5

3,14

0.8

11.0

0.1

593.

037

3.1

25.7

661.

450

4.5

157.

02.

922

.820

115,

436.

720

7.3

175.

51.

20.

936

.513

6.9

4,28

3.2

0.3

2.8

3,59

8.4

19.9

0.0

441.

720

4.1

16.0

755.

653

8.3

217.

31.

713

.420

125,

930.

021

0.3

316.

00.

83.

933

.127

8.3

4,72

9.8

0.2

4.8

3,88

8.6

44.7

0.3

531.

222

8.8

31.2

654.

354

4.2

110.

12.

716

.820

136,

731.

041

9.5

838.

15.

923

.168

.774

0.4

4,65

3.2

0.0

0.2

3,06

5.6

16.1

0.0

1,19

9.8

327.

044

.54

706.

758

8.5

118.

251.

811

1.5

2014

6,75

8.9

415.

560

5.0

7.4

9.1

57.3

531.

24,

764.

50.

20.

03,

490.

018

.00.

01,

030.

616

8.5

57.1

989

0.9

670.

722

0.28

0.3

82.7

2015

7,46

5.4

475.

144

8.0

10.2

73.7

57.5

306.

65,

539.

64.

83.

94,

139.

624

.90.

21,

131.

518

0.8

54.0

988.

372

7.9

260.

40.

613

.720

167,

213.

550

0.3

365.

56.

826

.458

.927

3.4

5,22

1.1

0.1

0.0

4,20

1.7

25.1

0.0

740.

114

9.8

104.

311

09.0

829.

827

9.2

2.3

15.3

2017

6,79

7.0

535.

244

7.6

7.1

24.3

116.

130

0.1

4,55

7.6

0.0

0.0

3,07

0.7

20.7

0.0

855.

724

0.1

370.

312

43.5

936.

830

6.7

1.4

11.7

a U.S.

Inte

rnat

iona

l Tra

de C

omm

issi

on (8

6,87

); U.

S. D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re, F

orei

gn A

gric

ultu

ral S

ervi

ce (4

4). D

ata

may

not

add

to to

tals

bec

ause

of r

ound

ing.

Conv

ersi

on o

f 2.0

36 u

sed

from

squ

are

feet

3/8

-inch

bas

is.

b For t

he y

ears

197

4 to

197

7, a

ll im

ports

with

a v

alue

of l

ess

than

$50

0 ar

e in

clud

ed in

Oth

er.

c Incl

udes

Bra

zil f

rom

196

5–19

88.

d Incl

udes

Tai

wan

from

196

5–19

88.

e Incl

udes

mix

ed s

peci

es (n

ot c

lass

ified

as

hard

wood

s or

sof

twoo

ds).

f Fewe

r tha

n 10

0 ft2 .

z Not A

vaila

ble.

Tabl

e 39

—Ha

rdw

ood pl

ywoo

d im

port

s, b

y co

untr

y or

reg

ion

of o

rigi

n, 1

965–

2017

(mill

ion

squa

re fe

et, s

urfa

ce m

easu

red)

a

Latin

Am

eric

aAs

iaEu

rope


76

Birch and Soft- Red and Soft-Year Total Total maple Other woods Total Total Walnut white oak Other woods1965 1,958.2 1,871.2 817.4 1,053.8 87.0 169.8 143.7 80.6 b 63.1 26.11966 2,043.0 1,843.7 766.4 1,077.3 199.3 153.9 110.5 54.2 b 56.3 43.41967 1,990.9 1,796.7 754.9 1,041.8 194.2 192.8 105.8 44.8 b 61.0 87.01968 2,340.1 2,178.7 820.8 1,357.9 161.4 306.3 173.6 71.9 b 101.7 132.71969 2,054.6 1,855.7 698.2 1,157.5 198.9 360.6 194.2 92.4 b 101.8 166.41970 1,876.6 1,605.8 650.0 955.8 270.8 327.1 183.8 111.3 b 72.5 143.31971 2,302.1 2,035.2 812.0 1,223.2 266.9 571.5 172.7 97.7 b 75.0 398.81972 3,151.4 2,786.0 997.9 1,788.1 365.4 491.7 204.3 84.9 b 119.4 287.41973 2,967.7 2,582.9 890.5 1,692.4 384.8 660.5 346.0 90.9 b 255.1 314.51974 2,281.6 1,965.9 679.6 1,286.3 315.7 599.4 380.8 77.4 b 303.4 218.61975 1,497.7 1,145.6 552.2 593.4 352.1 736.8 390.3 63.6 b 326.7 346.51976 1,993.5 1,595.6 760.3 835.3 397.9 768.2 505.8 91.8 b 414.0 262.41977 2,261.0 1,718.5 721.3 997.2 542.5 687.0 516.5 93.1 b 423.4 170.51978 2,143.3 1,632.5 722.8 909.7 510.8 1,541.6 1,353.3 128.9 476.1 748.3 188.31979 2,076.6 1,560.1 713.4 846.7 516.5 1,072.5 886.0 80.6 522.0 283.4 186.51980 1,666.8 1,213.2 584.2 629.0 453.6 1,333.1 1,077.3 117.8 631.2 328.3 255.81981 1,729.3 1,406.3 605.1 801.2 323.0 1,378.1 919.6 107.9 509.2 302.5 458.51982 1,665.9 1,231.9 506.8 725.1 434.0 1,140.3 803.6 78.6 512.9 212.1 336.71983 2,072.5 1,607.2 637.8 969.4 465.3 1,438.8 1,023.8 106.0 624.4 293.4 415.01984 1,886.8 1,502.9 537.2 965.7 383.9 1,370.5 1,002.7 84.4 636.0 282.3 367.81985 1,753.4 1,398.0 501.5 896.5 355.4 1,100.2 792.6 85.6 481.5 225.5 307.61986 1,997.4 1,603.9 557.3 1,046.6 393.5 1,466.1 995.8 72.6 639.3 283.9 470.31987 2,106.6 1,682.2 563.4 1,118.8 424.4 1,775.9 1,384.7 90.7 857.4 436.6 391.21988 2,226.7 1,713.8 588.0 1,125.8 512.9 1,830.1 1,574.2 69.9 1,058.7 445.6 255.91989 1,163.9 719.7 239.9 479.8 444.1 1,712.2 1,599.6 35.8 431.0 1,132.7 112.61990 2,109.3 1,600.7 559.2 1,041.5 508.6 1,820.2 1,681.4 103.4 1,135.5 442.5 138.91991 1,917.4 1,383.7 523.5 860.2 533.7 1,896.1 1,725.5 85.9 1,084.3 555.4 170.61992 2,422.3 1,674.4 599.1 1,075.3 747.9 2,072.2 1,884.8 69.7 1,094.0 721.2 187.41993 2,870.0 1,904.1 619.2 1,284.9 965.9 2,209.9 1,977.4 60.7 958.1 958.6 232.51994 3,036.6 1,946.6 713.0 1,233.7 1,090.0 2,459.3 2,310.0 68.4 1,086.1 1,155.5 149.31995 3,223.2 2,283.2 739.4 1,543.8 940.0 2,800.0 2,613.3 73.6 1,109.9 1,429.8 186.71996 3,011.4 2,093.4 718.2 1,375.1 918.0 2,792.7 2,613.3 49.1 1,080.1 1,484.1 179.41997 2,926.9 1,994.9 767.9 1,227.0 932.0 3,068.6 2,875.4 60.2 1,070.3 1,744.8 193.21998 3,435.1 2,210.7 789.2 1,421.6 1,224.3 2,946.1 2,722.2 58.6 1,041.5 1,622.0 223.91999 3,933.3 2,350.6 947.9 1,402.7 1,582.7 3,293.3 2,986.8 78.6 1,008.7 1,899.4 306.52000 4,339.0 2,479.8 1,085.4 1,394.4 1,859.1 3,527.8 3,200.2 83.7 1,022.0 2,094.5 327.62001 4,263.7 2,166.5 897.0 1,269.5 2,097.2 3,372.2 3,148.8 102.6 936.9 2,109.3 223.42002 4,714.0 2,328.7 954.4 1,374.3 2,385.3 3,720.7 3,460.4 92.8 836.8 2,530.9 260.32003 4,487.5 2,073.1 712.9 1,360.2 2,414.4 3,681.4 3,283.3 74.9 763.7 2,444.7 398.12004 5,491.5 2,310.4 706.6 1,603.8 3,181.1 4,280.4 3,707.5 104.2 880.7 2,722.6 572.92005 5,751.8 2,239.4 827.1 1,412.3 3,512.4 4,130.2 3,540.0 115.5 764.0 2,660.5 590.32006 5,057.3 1,911.2 596.3 1,314.9 3,146.2 4,098.1 3,424.5 139.0 763.9 2,521.7 673.62007 3,906.7 2,154.2 519.6 1,634.6 1,752.4 3,718.1 3,242.4 198.6 749.0 2,294.8 475.72008 2,821.3 1,539.8 442.1 1,097.7 1,281.5 3,013.9 2,706.2 159.6 623.0 1,923.5 307.72009 1,982.8 933.3 392.4 541.0 1,049.5 2,085.9 1,819.5 132.6 563.7 1,123.2 266.42010 2,109.1 960.8 392.4 568.5 1,148.2 2,380.2 2,104.7 181.0 540.5 1,383.2 275.52011 2,209.6 799.2 327.7 471.4 1,410.4 2,219.4 2,047.2 275.2 486.8 1,285.3 172.22012 2,558.4 899.6 260.8 638.8 1,658.8 2,302.1 2,062.7 303.2 515.9 1,243.6 239.42013 2,588.1 838.5 298.1 540.5 1,749.6 2,335.1 2,087.2 350.1 473.6 1,263.5 247.92014 2,677.7 875.2 311.1 564.0 1,802.5 2,321.4 2,163.2 384.7 583.5 1,194.9 158.22015 3,131.2 934.1 319.2 614.8 2,197.2 2,281.4 2,124.9 349.4 794.7 980.8 156.52016 2,732.2 859.0 330.7 528.3 1,873.2 2,258.0 2,096.7 329.3 807.1 960.4 161.32017 3,089.5 895.3 390.9 504.4 2,194.1 2,201.5 1,959.8 277.7 743.3 938.8 241.7

aAmerican Forest and Paper Association (4); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agriculture Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding. bRed and white oak are included in Other for 1965 to 1977.

ExportsHardwoods

Table 40—Veneer imports and exports, by species, 1965–2017 (million square feet, surface measured)a

ImportsHardwoods


77

CentralAmerica

and South OtherYear Total Canada Total Mexico West Indies America Total Japan Philippines Asia Africa Europe Otherb

1965 1,871.2 852.0 67.1 0.1 19.2 47.8 687.0 4.8 527.0 155.2 219.8 44.3 0.91966 1,843.7 792.8 96.4 0.3 21.2 74.9 714.1 3.8 522.7 187.6 209.7 29.6 1.01967 1,796.7 775.8 140.9 0.1 8.0 132.8 580.9 3.8 451.8 125.3 271.2 27.7 0.21968 2,178.7 837.7 200.5 1.5 16.8 182.2 837.7 4.3 609.8 223.6 276.5 26.3 0.11969 1,855.7 713.9 152.7 0.6 13.1 139.0 838.6 5.3 671.4 161.9 128.1 22.2 0.31970 1,605.8 672.4 191.0 0.6 5.0 185.4 569.1 3.3 460.0 105.8 147.0 26.1 0.21971 2,035.2 842.4 216.1 0.5 15.1 200.5 809.4 4.5 590.9 214.0 143.1 24.0 0.21972 2,786.0 1,051.8 303.8 c 28.8 275.0 1226.5 0.9 822.5 403.1 153.9 30.2 19.71973 2,582.9 944.4 288.4 c 43.2 245.2 1126.1 2.3 850.8 273.0 167.2 27.8 29.01974 1,965.9 709.2 243.8 z 43.9 199.9 874.0 0.9 660.8 212.3 78.6 39.4 20.81975 1,145.6 570.7 132.5 z 22.2 110.3 331.5 3.8 294.3 33.4 74.3 23.1 13.51976 1,595.6 804.6 210.8 z 8.3 202.5 520.6 4.5 452.4 63.7 15.0 30.1 14.51977 1,718.5 801.4 159.1 0.9 13.0 145.2 689.3 5.5 580.5 103.3 19.6 30.5 18.71978 1,632.5 817.4 213.1 3.6 21.8 187.7 536.8 7.1 442.6 87.1 19.1 44.7 1.51979 1,560.1 834.0 149.4 2.0 28.2 119.2 482.5 1.3 448.2 33.0 35.4 56.4 2.41980 1,213.2 700.4 156.0 z 27.3 130.7 301.6 2.0 261.5 38.1 21.9 31.4 1.51981 1,406.3 753.6 165.0 0.2 27.3 137.5 398.2 0.9 330.7 66.6 36.3 41.6 11.41982 1,231.9 705.9 161.2 0.8 24.4 136.0 149.9 0.7 120.0 29.2 19.2 193.2 2.61983 1,607.2 908.3 192.2 3.0 23.1 166.1 366.0 2.8 318.3 44.9 27.1 100.9 12.81984 1,502.9 828.1 227.5 0.8 31.6 195.1 287.2 8.5 180.7 98.0 13.7 127.6 19.01985 1,398.0 728.7 233.1 0.2 26.5 206.4 240.5 6.5 110.7 123.3 26.1 150.8 18.81986 1,603.9 831.8 233.9 0.2 20.8 212.9 310.4 5.1 112.7 192.6 57.4 139.0 31.31987 1,682.2 910.8 245.0 z 18.0 227.0 331.3 6.3 122.8 202.2 40.9 127.0 27.21988 1,713.8 944.3 312.8 0.8 33.2 278.8 279.5 2.0 182.4 95.1 41.6 92.8 42.81989 719.7 366.9 143.1 0.0 6.4 136.7 116.4 2.5 72.5 41.4 23.9 53.9 15.61990 1,600.7 904.2 320.6 0.0 28.4 292.2 221.2 5.8 111.6 103.8 31.8 93.6 29.41991 1,383.7 832.1 254.4 0.0 25.5 228.9 167.3 4.8 73.3 89.1 26.7 75.0 28.21992 1,674.4 997.9 364.5 1.0 109.0 254.5 182.9 2.9 64.2 115.8 21.8 80.9 26.41993 1,904.1 1,158.4 452.8 2.9 7.8 442.0 120.5 2.5 11.6 106.3 39.2 95.7 37.51994 1,946.6 1,220.8 414.5 1.4 6.5 406.5 71.7 3.0 5.7 63.1 41.5 151.5 46.61995 2,283.2 1,186.4 575.4 9.1 14.8 551.5 213.0 3.5 47.9 161.6 114.4 137.8 56.11996 2,093.4 1,190.2 508.8 13.6 6.1 489.1 58.1 4.3 0.1 53.7 171.4 112.0 52.91997 1,994.9 1,247.4 374.4 17.0 1.6 355.7 61.9 6.1 0.0 55.8 137.2 139.8 34.21998 2,210.7 1,316.2 351.8 22.3 1.9 327.6 99.2 3.2 0.0 96.0 218.4 176.1 49.01999 2,350.6 1,440.5 340.8 22.6 0.7 317.5 94.0 5.6 0.0 88.4 282.7 167.5 25.22000 2,479.8 1,503.9 309.4 41.6 0.8 267.0 96.4 6.8 0.0 89.6 269.3 279.6 21.22001 2,166.5 1,277.2 295.3 35.7 2.0 257.7 96.1 2.9 0.0 93.2 262.4 210.6 24.92002 2,328.7 1,322.6 314.7 24.4 0.2 290.0 99.4 3.3 0.0 96.1 314.9 254.0 23.12003 2,073.1 1,168.7 259.3 13.7 0.2 245.4 158.3 3.4 0.0 154.9 283.3 187.2 16.42004 2,310.4 1,400.6 212.1 17.7 3.3 191.0 149.6 3.7 0.0 145.9 289.8 228.6 29.62005 2,239.4 1,196.5 308.5 17.7 1.1 289.7 177.6 4.9 0.0 172.8 295.3 235.5 25.92006 1,911.2 1,142.2 155.5 20.2 0.4 134.9 172.6 3.4 0.0 169.2 234.8 189.9 16.22007 2,154.2 946.1 488.6 15.1 0.2 473.4 252.7 6.7 0.0 246.1 276.6 169.7 20.52008 1,539.8 803.6 124.0 11.1 0.0 112.9 196.2 5.1 0.0 191.1 226.1 178.5 11.42009 933.3 572.3 39.0 7.5 0.0 31.5 93.9 1.8 0.0 92.1 114.0 106.4 7.72010 960.8 561.7 48.9 6.6 0.0 42.2 112.1 1.9 0.0 110.2 129.0 103.9 5.22011 799.2 435.2 34.3 3.8 0.0 30.5 102.3 1.5 0.0 100.8 115.8 109.0 2.52012 899.6 433.2 75.8 3.2 0.7 71.9 86.5 1.4 0.0 85.0 176.6 122.0 5.62013 838.5 468.5 35.4 1.0 0.8 33.6 111.6 2.5 0.0 109.1 102.8 111.9 8.32014 875.2 468.2 39.2 0.1 0.0 39.1 108.4 1.3 0.0 107.1 124.2 124.7 10.42015 934.1 446.7 75.8 0.5 0.0 75.3 116.0 1.5 0.0 114.5 134.4 150.8 10.32016 859.0 470.3 38.5 2.8 0.1 35.6 78.4 2.2 0.0 76.2 126.4 138.7 6.82017 895.3 541.6 42.4 1.6 0.1 40.7 77.0 1.5 0.0 75.4 100.2 127.9 6.2aU.S. International Trade Commission (86,87); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bFor the years 1974 to 1977, all imports with a value of less than $500 are included in Other.cFewer than 50,000 ft2.zNot Available.

Table 41—Hardwood veneer imports, by country or region of origin, 1965–2017 (million square feet, surface measured)a

AsiaLatin America


78

Year Actual Relativec Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 27.2 149.9 21.8 120.1 z z z z 53.8 296.21966 27.4 146.4 21.9 117.0 z z z z 54.3 290.61967 26.3 136.7 20.6 106.9 z z z z 53.5 278.01968 30.4 151.4 26.6 132.6 z z z z 53.8 267.81969 32.3 153.1 28.7 136.1 26.9 127.6 32.1 152.6 55.8 264.71970 28.5 128.6 23.4 105.7 21.9 98.6 27.2 122.4 54.8 247.21971 30.2 129.2 26.2 112.1 24.4 104.4 31.0 133.0 47.2 202.01972 34.4 141.1 31.9 131.0 29.8 122.2 37.1 152.0 55.9 229.21973 40.9 158.6 40.0 155.3 37.7 146.4 42.9 166.5 60.4 234.51974 42.4 151.4 38.5 137.5 36.5 130.3 40.6 145.0 69.7 249.11975 42.4 138.6 41.4 135.3 39.2 128.3 42.6 139.2 64.0 209.31976 49.2 151.9 51.1 157.6 47.3 146.0 55.9 172.6 65.7 202.61977 55.8 161.6 61.0 176.7 56.2 162.6 68.1 197.2 68.3 197.71978 62.0 167.9 67.3 182.3 62.7 169.7 72.9 197.5 75.1 203.31979 65.9 165.1 66.4 166.4 63.5 159.1 66.7 167.0 90.6 226.91980 64.9 149.2 63.7 146.5 60.1 138.3 66.4 152.8 97.5 224.31981 64.7 136.2 63.2 133.1 60.7 127.8 63.1 132.9 96.3 202.81982 61.1 121.3 58.2 115.5 54.6 108.4 61.3 121.8 97.0 192.51983 64.3 122.5 64.0 122.0 59.4 113.3 69.1 131.8 96.3 183.61984 63.6 116.9 62.6 115.1 58.8 108.2 65.3 120.1 96.6 177.61985 60.8 108.5 62.5 111.4 58.8 104.9 64.9 115.7 87.2 155.51986 61.9 108.1 63.6 111.0 60.0 104.7 66.0 115.1 88.3 154.01987 62.7 106.3 63.9 108.3 60.8 103.0 65.1 110.3 90.1 152.81988 63.2 103.6 63.5 104.1 61.7 101.2 62.4 102.4 91.4 149.91989 70.8 111.8 72.3 114.1 70.6 111.6 70.1 110.7 96.8 152.91990 69.8 106.1 69.6 105.8 68.4 104.1 66.7 101.4 99.6 151.41991 69.8 102.8 70.3 103.5 69.2 101.9 67.1 98.8 99.7 146.81992 81.4 117.0 85.6 123.1 83.5 120.0 84.6 121.6 103.7 149.01993 93.3 131.0 98.7 138.6 97.3 136.6 95.6 134.2 112.0 157.31994 96.9 133.2 102.9 141.4 101.0 138.9 102.6 141.1 118.6 163.11995 101.0 135.9 109.4 147.3 105.0 141.3 112.4 151.3 118.5 159.51996 95.5 126.2 101.0 133.5 98.3 129.9 96.6 127.6 121.2 160.21997 97.3 126.0 102.1 132.2 100.0 129.5 100.0 129.5 123.3 159.61998 96.1 122.9 101.7 130.1 98.0 125.4 106.2 135.9 123.1 157.41999 107.8 135.9 120.4 151.9 116.7 147.2 125.4 158.1 124.7 157.32000 96.3 118.9 100.8 124.5 97.9 120.9 101.7 125.6 126.3 156.02001 94.3 113.7 97.6 117.8 94.3 113.7 100.2 120.9 126.5 152.62002 92.7 110.6 95.5 113.9 93.0 111.0 94.9 113.2 127.5 152.22003 102.0 121.7 114.0 136.0 111.1 132.6 123.5 147.4 125.1 149.32004 121.3 136.0 146.0 163.8 d d d d 130.4 146.32005 114.1 124.0 130.0 141.3 d d d d 97.0 105.42006 105.5 111.3 110.8 116.9 d d d d 98.4 103.72007 107.6 110.5 115.1 118.2 d d d d 99.3 102.02008 106.7 107.5 112.3 113.2 d d d d 100.7 101.42009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 d d d d 100.0 100.02010 107.9 106.8 114.7 113.4 d d d d 100.5 99.42011 104.6 101.4 108.1 104.7 d d d d 100.8 97.72012 115.5 110.0 127.2 121.1 d d d d 102.8 97.92013 121.9 114.2 137.8 129.1 d d d d 104.8 98.12014 124.7 115.2 142.7 131.8 d d d d 105.1 97.12015 121.5 110.4 136.4 124.0 d d d d 105.3 95.72016 117.5 105.4 124.8 112.0 d d d d 109.5 98.32017 123.9 109.2 135.5 119.4 d d d d 111.3 98.1aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (70).bHardwood plywood and related products.cDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities index.dDiscontinued Series after 2003.zNot Available.

plywoodbAll plywood plywood Western Southern

Table 42—Producer price indexes for plywood, 1965–2017 (2009 = 100)a

Softwood plywood

All softwood All hardwood


79

Year Production Total Per capita

Thousand Thousand Percent of Thousand Percent of Thousandtons tons consumption tons production tons Pounds

1965 40,489 6,536 14.4 1,530 3.8 45,495 4681966 43,904 7,178 14.5 1,696 3.9 49,386 5021967 43,745 6,818 14.0 1,835 4.2 48,728 4901968 47,085 6,643 12.9 2,125 4.5 51,602 5141969 49,824 7,051 12.9 2,377 4.8 54,498 5381970 48,719 6,845 12.9 2,433 5.0 53,131 5181971 49,741 6,932 12.8 2,665 5.4 54,008 5201972 53,842 7,245 12.4 2,790 5.2 58,297 5551973 56,346 7,865 12.8 2,616 4.6 61,595 5811974 55,756 8,128 13.4 3,058 5.5 60,827 5691975 47,997 5,961 11.6 2,400 5.0 51,557 4771976 54,993 6,879 11.6 2,637 4.8 59,235 5431977 56,656 7,190 11.7 2,546 4.5 61,301 5571978 58,571 8,311 12.9 2,583 4.4 64,299 5781979 61,070 8,462 12.7 2,864 4.7 66,668 5921980 61,042 8,013 12.4 4,241 6.9 64,814 5691981 62,109 7,779 11.7 3,630 5.8 66,258 5761982 59,290 7,321 11.6 3,494 5.9 63,117 5441983 64,947 8,357 12.0 3,786 5.8 69,519 5931984 68,449 10,148 13.5 3,542 5.2 75,055 6351985 66,983 10,444 14.1 3,290 4.9 74,137 6221986 70,905 10,922 14.0 3,972 5.6 77,855 6471987 74,361 11,855 14.4 4,111 5.5 82,105 6761988 76,587 12,184 14.4 4,239 5.5 84,532 6901989 76,786 12,027 14.3 4,713 6.1 84,100 6801990 78,679 12,195 14.2 5,163 6.6 85,711 6861991 79,427 11,086 13.2 6,435 8.1 84,078 6651992 82,868 11,731 13.4 7,021 8.5 87,578 6861993 84,857 12,990 14.3 6,835 8.1 91,013 7051994 89,080 13,651 14.3 7,536 8.5 95,195 7301995 89,509 14,238 14.8 7,621 8.5 96,126 7311996 90,381 13,023 13.8 9,118 10.1 94,287 7101997 95,029 14,513 14.6 10,367 10.9 99,175 7401998 94,510 15,571 15.4 9,103 9.6 100,978 7471999 97,020 16,678 15.9 8,824 9.1 104,873 7682000 94,491 17,356 16.8 8,701 9.2 103,147 7312001 88,913 16,449 16.9 8,059 9.1 97,303 6832002 89,636 16,567 17.0 8,976 10.0 97,227 6762003 88,385 18,109 18.1 6,238 7.1 100,256 6892004 91,899 19,036 18.3 6,742 7.3 104,193 7092005 91,031 17,958 17.6 7,125 7.8 101,864 6872006 91,800 17,724 17.3 7,085 7.7 102,439 7072007 91,570 16,321 16.3 8,066 8.8 99,825 6622008 87,619 14,675 15.7 8,654 9.9 93,640 6152009 78,299 11,218 13.7 7,750 9.9 81,767 5322010 82,968 11,144 13.1 8,781 10.6 85,331 5512011 81,519 10,670 12.9 9,331 11.4 82,858 5312012 80,916 10,441 12.7 9,036 11.2 82,321 5242013 80,478 10,967 14.0 12,842 16.0 78,603 4972014 79,488 11,301 14.5 12,743 16.0 78,046 4892015 79,024 10,746 13.9 12,326 15.6 77,444 4822016 78,342 10,512 13.6 11,679 14.9 77,175 4772017 78,445 10,454 13.6 12,274 15.6 76,625 470

aExcludes hardboard, wet machine board, and construction grades.bNumbers are the sum of Table 44 and Table 45.cExcludes converted products.

ConsumptionExportscImportsc

Table 43—Paper and boarda production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017b


80

Year Shipmentsb,c Totale Per capitaf


1965 19,157 6,528 25.9 491 2.6 25,194 2591966 20,725 7,128 26.1 530 2.6 27,323 2781967 20,926 6,805 25.0 501 2.4 27,230 2741968 22,181 6,625 23.4 529 2.4 28,277 2821969 23,449 7,040 23.5 517 2.2 29,972 2961970 23,351 6,835 23.1 534 2.3 29,652 2891971 23,722 6,915 23.0 550 2.3 30,087 2901972 25,359 7,237 22.6 559 2.2 32,037 3051973 26,797 7,832 23.0 601 2.2 34,028 3211974 26,863 8,094 23.8 909 3.4 34,049 3181975 23,260 5,953 21.1 947 4.1 28,266 2621976 26,577 6,866 21.1 928 3.5 32,515 2981977 27,722 7,162 21.0 716 2.6 34,168 3101978 28,320 8,211 22.8 543 1.9 35,988 3231979 29,666 8,380 22.4 601 2.0 37,445 3331980 30,116 7,915 21.3 907 3.0 37,124 3261981 30,901 7,649 20.4 1,008 3.3 37,542 3261982 30,245 7,206 19.7 840 2.8 36,611 3151983 32,802 8,189 20.4 774 2.4 40,217 3431984 34,446 9,905 22.7 811 2.4 43,540 3691985 34,061 10,260 23.6 779 2.3 43,542 3651986 35,550 10,641 23.5 884 2.5 45,307 3761987 36,919 11,494 24.2 921 2.5 47,492 3911988 38,353 11,843 24.1 1,102 2.9 49,094 4011989 38,266 11,494 23.8 1,466 3.8 48,295 3911990 39,361 11,569 23.4 1,519 3.9 49,411 3951991 39,084 10,313 21.8 2,072 5.3 47,325 3751992 40,973 10,787 22.0 2,635 6.4 49,125 3851993 41,745 11,905 23.3 2,587 6.2 51,063 3961994 43,356 12,384 23.5 2,980 6.9 52,760 4051995 42,868 12,820 24.3 3,011 7.0 52,677 4011996 42,481 11,694 23.1 3,500 8.2 50,676 3821997 44,697 13,016 24.1 3,599 8.1 54,114 4041998 44,761 13,905 25.1 3,288 7.3 55,378 4101999 45,979 14,707 25.7 3,405 7.4 57,281 4192000 45,519 15,373 26.9 3,767 8.3 57,125 4052001 42,104 14,502 27.3 3,389 8.0 53,217 3742002 41,510 14,502 27.4 3,111 7.5 52,901 3682003 40,367 16,224 30.3 3,107 7.7 53,484 3672004 41,814 16,938 30.6 3,464 8.3 55,288 3762005 41,321 15,995 29.9 3,739 9.0 53,578 3612006 41,380 15,648 29.3 3,690 8.9 53,338 3682007 41,170 14,408 28.1 4,346 10.6 51,231 3402008 39,028 12,892 27.3 4,716 12.1 47,205 3102009 33,808 9,671 24.6 4,216 12.5 39,263 2562010 35,508 9,284 23.2 4,700 13.2 40,092 2592011 34,130 8,887 23.2 4,782 14.0 38,235 2452012 33,157 8,738 23.5 4,638 14.0 37,257 2372013 32,328 9,041 24.6 4,545 14.1 36,824 2332014 30,606 9,206 25.8 4,101 13.4 35,711 2242015 29,655 8,518 24.7 3,678 12.4 34,495 2152016 28,611 8,182 24.4 3,256 11.4 33,537 2072017 27,456 7,868 24.6 3,350 12.2 31,974 196

aExcludes building paper and converted products.bAmerican Forest & Paper Association (5).cAmerican Forest & Paper Association (3).dThis import series incorporates data on Canadian exports of newsprint & uncoatedgroundwood to the U.S. rather than U.S. Dept. of Commerce import data for these commodities. Such data for 1998 obtained from the Canadian Pulp & Paper Association (CPPA) in Ottawa, Canada, by fax communication.eConsumption = Production + Imports - Exports.fBased upon population data given in Table 1.

Importsb,c,d Exportsb,c

Table 44—Paper shipments, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017a

Consumption


81

Table 45—Paperboarda production,b imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017

Year Productionc,d Totalf Per capitag

Thousand Thousand Percent of Thousand Percent of Thousand Metric tonsmetric tons metric tons consumption metric tons production metric tons

1965 19,348 7 0.0 942 4.9 18,413 0.0951966 21,023 45 0.2 1,058 5.0 20,011 0.1021967 20,697 12 0.1 1,210 5.8 19,499 0.0981968 22,588 16 0.1 1,448 6.4 21,156 0.1061969 23,923 10 0.0 1,687 7.1 22,246 0.1101970 23,008 9 0.0 1,722 7.5 21,295 0.1041971 23,599 15 0.1 1,918 8.1 21,696 0.1051972 25,834 7 0.0 2,024 7.8 23,818 0.1141973 26,801 30 0.1 1,828 6.8 25,003 0.1181974 26,206 31 0.1 1,949 7.4 24,288 0.1141975 22,436 7 0.0 1,318 5.9 21,125 0.0981976 25,773 12 0.0 1,550 6.0 24,235 0.1111977 26,244 25 0.1 1,660 6.3 24,609 0.1121978 27,438 91 0.4 1,850 6.7 25,678 0.1151979 28,483 74 0.3 2,053 7.2 26,505 0.1181980 28,050 89 0.4 3,024 10.8 25,115 0.1101981 28,306 118 0.5 2,378 8.4 26,045 0.1131982 26,344 104 0.4 2,407 9.1 24,041 0.1041983 29,156 152 0.6 2,732 9.4 26,577 0.1141984 30,840 220 0.8 2,477 8.0 28,583 0.1211985 29,860 167 0.6 2,277 7.6 27,750 0.1161986 32,067 255 0.9 2,801 8.7 29,521 0.1231987 33,960 327 1.0 2,893 8.5 31,394 0.1291988 34,678 309 1.0 2,845 8.2 32,142 0.1311989 34,937 483 1.5 2,945 8.4 32,475 0.1311990 35,661 568 1.7 3,305 9.3 32,924 0.1321991 36,591 701 2.1 3,957 10.8 33,335 0.1321992 37,999 856 2.5 3,978 10.5 34,877 0.1371993 39,103 984 2.7 3,853 9.9 36,234 0.1411994 41,472 1,149 3.0 4,132 10.0 38,489 0.1481995 42,303 1,286 3.3 4,181 9.9 39,408 0.1501996 43,445 1,205 3.0 5,096 11.7 39,555 0.1491997 45,651 1,358 3.3 6,138 13.4 40,870 0.1531998 45,122 1,511 3.7 5,274 11.7 41,359 0.1531999 46,294 1,788 4.1 4,915 10.6 43,167 0.1582000 44,418 1,799 4.3 4,475 10.1 41,741 0.1482001 42,456 1,767 4.4 4,235 10.0 39,987 0.1412002 43,650 1,873 4.7 5,320 12.2 40,204 0.1402003 43,552 1,709 4.0 2,840 6.5 42,422 0.1462004 45,427 1,903 4.3 2,973 6.5 44,357 0.1512005 45,087 1,781 4.1 3,072 6.8 43,796 0.1482006 45,731 1,883 4.2 3,079 6.7 44,535 0.1542007 45,713 1,735 3.9 3,374 7.4 44,075 0.1462008 44,072 1,617 3.8 3,573 8.1 42,117 0.1382009 40,353 1,403 3.6 3,205 7.9 38,551 0.1262010 43,046 1,687 4.1 3,701 8.6 41,032 0.1332011 42,982 1,617 4.0 4,126 9.6 40,473 0.1302012 43,317 1,545 3.8 3,989 9.2 40,873 0.1302013 43,672 1,747 4.6 7,525 17.2 37,894 0.1202014 44,336 1,900 4.9 7,838 17.7 38,398 0.1212015 44,778 2,021 5.2 7,844 17.5 38,955 0.1212016 45,106 2,113 5.3 7,640 16.9 39,580 0.1222017 46,247 2,346 5.8 8,094 17.5 40,498 0.124

aDoes not include wet machine board, hard pressed board nor insulation board. Does not include converted products.bBy end use.cAmerican Forest & Paper Association (5).dAmerican Forest & Paper Association (3).eThis export series represents production for export; numbers may differ from exports reported by U.S. Dept. of Commerce.fConsumption = Production + Imports – Exports.gBased upon population data given in Table 1.

ConsumptionImportsc,d Exportsc,d,e


82

Table 46—Paper and board production and fibrous materials consumed in the manufacture of paper and board, 1965–2017Paper and Recovered

boarda paperYear productionb,e Total Wood pulpc Recovered paperd Othere Total Wood pulp Recovered Other utilization

Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand paperg rate

tons tons tons Tons tons Tons Tons Tons Tons Percent h

1965 40,489 46,838 35,728 10,231 879 1.157 0.882 0.253 0.022 25.31966 43,904 49,958 38,414 10,564 980 1.138 0.875 0.241 0.022 24.11967 43,745 48,846 38,122 9,888 836 1.117 0.871 0.226 0.019 22.61968 47,085 53,635 42,508 10,222 905 1.139 0.903 0.217 0.019 21.71969 49,824 57,597 44,750 11,969 878 1.156 0.898 0.240 0.018 24.01970 48,719 56,595 43,964 11,803 828 1.162 0.902 0.242 0.017 24.21971 49,741 58,224 45,243 12,106 875 1.171 0.910 0.243 0.018 24.31972 53,842 62,059 48,242 12,925 892 1.153 0.896 0.240 0.017 24.01973 56,346 64,953 49,976 14,094 883 1.153 0.887 0.250 0.016 25.01974 55,756 64,490 49,670 13,982 838 1.157 0.891 0.251 0.015 25.11975 47,997 55,970 43,597 11,748 625 1.166 0.908 0.245 0.013 24.51976 54,993 63,294 48,930 13,622 742 1.151 0.890 0.248 0.013 24.81977 56,656 65,240 50,356 14,058 826 1.152 0.889 0.248 0.015 24.81978 58,571 67,059 51,445 14,760 854 1.145 0.878 0.252 0.015 25.21979 61,070 68,648 52,560 15,361 727 1.124 0.861 0.252 0.012 25.21980 61,042 68,727 53,203 14,922 602 1.126 0.872 0.244 0.010 24.41981 62,109 68,828 53,199 15,037 592 1.108 0.857 0.242 0.010 24.21982 59,290 66,611 51,729 14,433 449 1.123 0.872 0.243 0.008 24.31983 64,947 70,573 54,504 15,638 431 1.087 0.839 0.241 0.007 24.11984 68,449 75,732 58,643 16,724 365 1.106 0.857 0.244 0.005 24.41985 66,983 71,482 54,816 16,371 295 1.067 0.818 0.244 0.004 24.41986 70,905 75,368 57,121 17,934 313 1.063 0.806 0.253 0.004 25.31987 74,361 78,522 59,508 18,694 320 1.056 0.800 0.251 0.004 25.11988 76,587 80,730 60,668 19,685 377 1.054 0.792 0.257 0.005 25.71989 76,786 81,772 61,234 20,220 318 1.065 0.797 0.263 0.004 26.31990 78,679 84,040 62,036 21,736 268 1.068 0.788 0.276 0.003 27.61991 79,427 86,143 62,294 23,662 187 1.085 0.784 0.298 0.002 29.81992 82,868 89,507 63,145 26,185 177 1.080 0.762 0.316 0.002 31.61993 84,857 91,471 63,227 28,011 233 1.078 0.745 0.330 0.003 33.01994 89,080 95,771 64,842 30,670 259 1.075 0.728 0.344 0.003 34.41995 89,509 96,529 64,811 31,389 329 1.078 0.724 0.351 0.004 35.11996 90,381 98,410 64,025 33,979 406 1.089 0.708 0.376 0.004 37.61997 95,029 101,591 66,057 35,209 298 1.069 0.695 0.371 0.003 37.11998 94,510 101,218 65,122 35,771 249 1.071 0.689 0.378 0.003 37.81999 97,020 100,690 63,638 36,727 255 1.038 0.656 0.379 0.003 37.92000 94,491 99,348 63,576 35,447 254 1.051 0.673 0.375 0.003 37.52001 88,913 94,232 59,380 34,527 268 1.060 0.668 0.388 0.003 38.82002 89,636 93,967 59,063 34,579 261 1.048 0.659 0.386 0.003 38.62003 88,385 92,478 58,503 33,650 236 1.046 0.662 0.381 0.003 38.12004 91,899 94,627 59,566 34,736 212 1.030 0.648 0.378 0.002 37.82005 91,031 94,891 60,616 33,950 206 1.042 0.666 0.373 0.002 37.32006 91,800 95,697 60,901 34,471 215 1.042 0.663 0.376 0.002 37.62007 91,570 89,841 55,598 33,918 215 0.981 0.607 0.370 0.002 37.02008 87,619 87,950 55,227 32,398 215 1.004 0.630 0.370 0.002 37.02009 78,299 79,021 49,647 29,049 172 1.009 0.634 0.371 0.002 37.12010 82,968 84,903 53,241 31,337 176 1.023 0.642 0.378 0.002 37.82011 81,519 82,792 52,174 30,293 179 1.016 0.640 0.372 0.002 37.22012 80,916 82,972 52,949 29,698 180 1.025 0.654 0.367 0.002 36.72013 80,478 82,684 52,431 29,928 161 1.027 0.651 0.372 0.002 37.22014 79,488 82,417 51,592 30,500 164 1.037 0.649 0.384 0.002 38.42015 79,024 81,611 50,422 30,864 109 1.033 0.638 0.391 0.001 39.12016 78,342 81,705 50,547 30,833 103 1.043 0.645 0.394 0.001 39.42017 78,445 81,848 50,360 31,163 105 1.043 0.642 0.397 0.001 39.7

aExcludes wet machine board and construction grades.bProduction numbers = totals in Table 43. Source: see (e) below.cWood pulp consumption numbers from Table 49.eAmerican Forest & Paper Association (5), American Forest & Paper Association, Paper Recycling Group (7).gWhen given in percents, referred to as "Recovered Paper Utilization Rate".h Recovery Rate is the ratio of paper and board production to recovered paper consumption.

Consumption of fibrous materialsConsumption of fibrous materials

per ton of paper and board produced


83

Table 47—Paper and board new supply and recyclable paper consumption, exports,imports, and total recovered, 1965–2017a,b,c

Paper and Consumed at For moldedboard— paper and pulp, insulation, Total Recovery

Year new supplyd board mills and other uses Exports Imports recoverede ratef

Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand Percenttons tons tons tons tons tons

1965 48,270 10,231 z 292 108 z z

1966 52,118 10,564 z 246 113 z z

1967 51,435 9,888 z 262 86 z z

1968 54,351 10,222 z 253 93 z z

1969 57,423 11,969 z 289 75 z z

1970 55,969 11,803 418 408 67 12,562 22.41971 57,450 12,106 442 419 68 12,899 22.41972 62,040 12,925 447 415 88 13,699 22.11973 65,004 14,094 499 683 87 15,189 23.41974 63,308 13,982 489 1,307 89 15,689 24.81975 54,113 11,748 535 861 72 13,072 24.21976 62,014 13,622 630 1,273 106 15,419 24.91977 64,243 14,058 870 1,512 92 16,348 25.41978 67,787 14,760 502 1,613 70 16,805 24.81979 69,796 15,361 509 2,127 78 17,919 25.71980 67,166 14,922 472 2,636 87 17,943 26.71981 67,957 15,037 480 2,282 79 17,720 26.11982 64,730 14,433 487 2,233 74 17,078 26.41983 71,166 15,638 474 2,705 100 18,727 26.31984 76,937 16,724 459 3,456 110 20,530 26.71985 76,133 16,371 529 3,556 88 20,369 26.81986 79,752 17,934 594 4,093 99 22,521 28.21987 83,484 18,694 657 4,809 127 24,033 28.81988 85,720 19,685 703 5,953 161 26,179 30.51989 85,370 20,220 722 6,307 173 27,077 31.71990 86,901 21,736 994 6,505 123 29,112 33.51991 85,145 23,662 1,063 6,598 122 31,201 36.61992 88,369 26,185 1,137 6,782 150 33,955 38.41993 91,639 28,011 1,216 6,371 138 35,460 38.71994 95,717 30,670 1,300 7,974 253 39,691 41.51995 95,971 31,389 1,390 9,908 498 42,189 44.01996 94,529 33,979 1,487 8,084 474 43,077 45.61997 99,556 35,209 1,590 7,882 693 43,989 44.21998 101,183 35,771 1,700 8,117 511 45,077 44.61999 105,316 36,727 2,000 8,517 426 46,818 44.52000 102,811 35,447 2,200 10,272 608 47,311 46.02001 97,395 34,527 2,200 10,597 328 46,996 48.32002 98,949 34,579 2,200 11,267 411 47,635 48.12003 98,016 33,650 2,200 13,805 399 49,256 50.32004 101,882 34,736 2,200 13,910 558 50,288 49.52005 99,613 33,950 2,000 15,868 545 51,272 51.52006 100,665 34,471 1,825 17,501 483 53,314 53.02007 97,007 33,918 1,285 19,886 764 54,325 56.02008 89,838 32,398 745 19,469 789 51,822 57.72009 78,710 29,049 300 21,017 331 50,036 63.42010 81,784 31,337 300 20,692 784 51,545 63.52011 79,444 30,293 300 23,197 1,005 52,767 66.82012 78,619 29,698 300 22,188 1,094 51,092 65.12013 78,761 29,928 300 20,794 894 50,128 63.52014 77,504 30,500 475 21,059 863 51,171 65.42015 77,895 30,864 475 21,479 778 52,040 66.82016 77,730 30,833 500 21,752 889 52,196 67.22017 77,269 31,163 500 20,149 990 50,822 65.8

aIncludes paper, paperboard, wet machine board and construction paper and board.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (7).cData may not add to totals because of rounding.dProduction plus imports less exports. Includes imports and exports of products.eTotal recovered paper = total recyclable paper consumption plus exports less imports.fRecovery rate is the ratio of total recovered paper collected to newsupply of paper and paperboard.zNot Available.

Recyclable paper


84

Table 48—Recovered paper consumption, by major grade, in paper and paperboardmanufacturea, 1970–2017 (thousand short tons)b

TotalOld Old Pulp High grade Total recovery

Year Mixed grades newspapers corrugated substitutesc deinking all grades rate (%)d,r

1970 2,639.0 2,235.0 4,080.0 3,067.0 z 12,021.0 22.41971 2,776.0 2,174.0 4,277.0 3,096.0 z 12,323.0 22.41972 3,054.0 2,317.0 4,722.0 3,039.0 z 13,132.0 22.11973 3,371.0 2,456.0 5,292.0 3,199.0 z 14,318.0 23.41974 3,118.0 2,408.0 5,716.0 2,954.0 z 14,196.0 24.81975 2,606.0 2,040.0 4,743.0 2,594.0 z 11,983.0 24.21976 2,798.0 2,278.0 5,696.0 2,117.0 933.0 13,822.0 24.91977 2,773.0 2,287.0 6,205.0 2,079.0 944.0 14,288.0 25.41978 2,729.0 2,212.0 6,721.0 2,242.0 1,068.0 14,972.0 24.81979 2,648.0 2,480.0 6,967.0 2,308.0 1,117.0 15,520.0 25.71980 2,268.0 2,564.0 6,866.0 2,254.0 1,142.0 15,094.0 26.71981 2,233.0 2,552.0 6,910.0 2,307.0 1,215.0 15,217.0 26.11982 1,707.0 2,673.0 6,770.0 2,247.0 1,223.0 14,620.0 26.41983 1,908.0 2,692.0 7,443.0 2,456.0 1,323.0 15,822.0 26.31984 1,974.5 2,894.8 7,971.7 2,673.4 1,368.6 16,883.0 26.71985 1,901.5 2,875.0 7,899.5 2,493.7 1,380.4 16,550.1 26.81986 2,044.5 3,117.8 8,633.6 2,761.5 1,570.3 18,127.7 28.21987 2,116.0 3,142.6 9,176.7 2,902.2 1,563.5 18,901.0 28.81988 2,182.2 3,215.6 9,909.1 2,889.5 1,691.1 19,887.5 30.51989 2,355.8 3,638.1 9,993.5 2,642.4 1,812.4 20,442.2 31.71990 2,504.9 4,084.5 10,686.5 2,731.8 1,999.8 22,007.5 33.51991 2,890.6 4,572.4 11,247.0 2,988.5 2,239.5 23,938.0 36.61992 3,463.8 4,816.9 12,532.3 2,997.7 2,669.1 26,479.8 38.41993 4,110.1 5,000.3 13,566.8 2,802.1 2,856.8 28,336.1 38.71994 4,786.0 5,368.0 15,009.6 2,696.0 3,090.0 30,949.6 41.51995 4,529.4 5,157.3 16,513.5 2,459.1 3,004.0 31,663.3 44.01996 4,801.7 5,238.4 18,733.3 2,428.8 3,039.9 34,242.1 45.61997 4,698.6 5,561.5 19,640.8 2,640.3 2,954.6 35,495.8 44.21998 5,440.8 5,611.3 19,530.1 2,341.8 3,147.8 36,071.8 44.61999r 5,592.1 5,539.9 20,457.8 2,431.7 3,003.2 37,024.7 44.52000 4,948.0 5,809.0 19,968.0 1,890.0 3,129.0 35,744.0 46.02001 4,800.0 6,077.0 19,348.0 1,845.0 2,750.0 34,820.0 48.32002 4,877.0 5,957.0 19,627.0 1,705.0 2,695.0 34,861.0 48.12003 4,591.0 5,756.0 19,294.0 1,818.0 2,473.0 33,932.0 50.32004 4,976.0 5,867.0 19,926.0 1,701.0 2,537.0 35,007.0 49.52005 4,519.0 5,700.0 20,024.0 1,438.0 2,523.0 34,204.0 51.52006 4,690.0 5,807.0 19,967.0 1,541.0 2,721.0 34,726.0 53.02007 4,481.0 5,272.0 20,159.0 1,487.0 2,775.0 34,174.0 56.02008 4,564.0 4,850.0 19,161.0 1,359.0 2,721.0 32,655.0 57.72009 4,150.0 3,826.0 17,415.0 1,218.0 2,659.0 29,268.0 63.42010 4,371.0 3,886.0 19,327.0 1,260.0 2,708.0 31,552.0 63.52011 3,950.0 3,441.0 19,339.0 1,204.0 2,574.0 30,508.0 66.82012 4,204.0 2,877.0 19,057.0 1,171.0 2,604.0 29,913.0 65.12013 3,998.0 2,468.0 19,805.0 1,166.0 2,706.0 30,143.0 63.52014 3,730.0 1,806.0 20,474.0 1,029.0 3,460.0 30,500.0 65.42015 3,619.0 1,601.0 21,184.0 1,030.0 3,430.0 30,864.0 66.82016 3,731.0 1,436.0 21,241.0 993.0 3,432.0 30,833.0 67.22017 3,724.0 1,242.0 21,987.0 1,002.0 3,208.0 31,163.0 65.8

aIncludes paper, paperboard, construction grades and molded pulp grades.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (7).cFor years 1972–1975, high grade deinking is included with pulp substitutes.dRecovery rate is the ratio of total recovered paper collected to newsupply of paper and paperboard.rRevised (1985–1999 Total recovery on Table 47).zNot available separately; included with pulp substitutes.

Recovered paper consumption


85

Table 49—Wood pulp production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017a

Year Productionb,d Total Per capitad


1965 33,993 3,137 8.8 1,402 4.1 35,728 3681966 36,603 3,358 8.7 1,547 4.2 38,414 3911967 36,677 3,166 8.3 1,721 4.7 38,122 3841968 40,892 3,532 8.3 1,916 4.7 42,508 4241969 42,813 4,040 9.0 2,103 4.9 44,750 4421970 43,546 3,513 8.0 3,095 7.1 43,964 4291971 43,903 3,515 7.8 2,175 5.0 45,243 4361972 46,767 3,728 7.7 2,253 4.8 48,242 4601973 48,327 3,993 8.0 2,344 4.9 49,976 4721974 48,349 4,123 8.3 2,802 5.8 49,670 4641975 43,084 3,078 7.1 2,565 6.0 43,597 4041976 47,721 3,727 7.6 2,518 5.3 48,930 4491977 49,132 3,864 7.7 2,640 5.4 50,356 4571978 50,020 4,024 7.8 2,599 5.2 51,445 4621979 51,177 4,318 8.2 2,935 5.7 52,560 4671980 52,958 4,051 7.6 3,806 7.2 53,203 4671981 52,790 4,087 7.7 3,678 7.0 53,199 4631982 51,468 3,656 7.1 3,395 6.6 51,729 4461983 54,055 4,093 7.5 3,644 6.7 54,504 4651984 57,747 4,490 7.7 3,594 6.2 58,643 4961985 54,145 4,466 8.1 3,795 7.0 54,816 4601986 56,997 4,582 8.0 4,458 7.8 57,121 4751987 59,547 4,850 8.2 4,889 8.2 59,508 4901988 61,158 5,038 8.3 5,528 9.0 60,668 4951989 61,996 5,004 8.2 5,766 9.3 61,234 4951990 63,048 4,893 7.9 5,905 9.4 62,036 4961991 63,635 4,997 8.0 6,338 10.0 62,294 4931992 65,338 5,029 8.0 7,222 11.1 63,145 4941993 64,313 5,413 8.6 6,499 10.1 63,227 4901994 65,920 5,650 8.7 6,728 10.2 64,842 4971995 67,103 5,969 9.2 8,261 12.3 64,811 4931996 65,503 5,692 8.9 7,170 10.9 64,025 4821997 66,650 6,398 9.7 6,990 10.5 66,057 4931998 65,163 5,984 9.2 6,025 9.2 65,122 4821999r 62,914 6,660 10.5 5,936 9.4 63,638 4662000 62,758 7,227 11.4 6,409 10.2 63,576 4512001 58,198 7,348 12.4 6,167 10.6 59,380 4172002 58,069 7,247 12.3 6,254 10.8 59,063 4112003 57,659 6,691 11.4 5,847 10.1 58,503 4022004 59,065 6,726 11.3 6,225 10.5 59,566 4052005 60,267 6,762 11.2 6,413 10.6 60,616 4092006 60,568 6,939 11.4 6,606 10.9 60,901 4202007 55,636 6,793 12.2 6,831 12.3 55,598 3692008 56,745 6,272 11.4 7,790 13.7 55,227 3632009 52,122 5,044 10 7,519 14.4 49,647 3232010 55,343 6,163 11.6 8,265 14.9 53,241 3442011 55,125 6,117 11.7 9,068 16.4 52,174 3342012 55,475 5,599 10.6 8,125 14.6 52,949 3372013 54,466 6,112 11.7 8,147 15.0 52,431 3312014 53,367 6,126 11.9 7,901 14.8 51,592 3242015 52,646 5,872 11.6 8,096 15.4 50,422 3142016 52,701 6,161 12.2 8,315 15.8 50,547 3122017 52,701 6,026 12.0 8,367 15.9 50,360 309aIncludes dissolving and special alpha pulps, excludes defibrated/exploded pulps and screenings. bUnited Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (41); American Forest and Paper Association (2,4).cConsumption = Production + Imports – Exports.dBased on U.S. population data given in Table 1.rRevised.

ExportsdConsumptionc

Imports


86

Table 50—Pulpwood consumed in the manufacture of wood pulp, 1965–2017a

Per ton of Wood pulpYear Total pulp produced production

Thousand cords Cords Thousand tons1965 54,034 1.59 33,9931966 57,399 1.57 36,6031967 58,419 1.59 36,6771968 60,969 1.49 40,8921969 64,577 1.51 42,8131970 66,732 1.53 43,5461971 66,601 1.52 43,9031972 68,068 1.46 46,7671973 71,421 1.48 48,3271974 75,787 1.57 48,3491975 63,941 1.48 43,0841976 71,094 1.49 47,7211977 72,952 1.48 49,1321978 75,073 1.50 50,0201979 78,680 1.54 51,1771980 81,921 1.55 52,9581981 81,003 1.53 52,7901982 76,912 1.49 51,4681983 84,504 1.56 54,0551984 86,282 1.49 57,7471985 85,380 1.58 54,1451986 91,187 1.60 56,9971987 93,005 1.56 59,5471988 93,000 1.52 61,1581989 92,615 1.49 61,9961990 92,561 1.47 63,0481991 91,925 1.44 63,6351992 93,642 1.43 65,3381993 90,996 1.41 64,3131994 93,259 1.41 65,9201995 93,013 1.39 67,1031996 88,246 1.35 65,5031997 92,312 1.39 66,6501998 90,591 1.39 65,1631999 86,969 1.38 62,9142000 87,453 1.39 62,7582001 83,384 1.43 58,1982002 82,715 1.42 58,0692003 85,001 1.47 57,6592004 101,394 1.72 59,0652005 100,048 1.66 60,2672006 100,414 1.66 60,5682007 99,223 1.78 55,6362008 96,203 1.70 56,7452009 88,270 1.69 52,1222010 92,209 1.67 55,3432011 94,254 1.71 55,1252012 95,017 1.71 55,4752013 95,125 1.75 54,4662014 93,565 1.75 53,3672015 92,061 1.75 52,6462016 91,824 1.74 52,7012017 90,852 1.72 52,701

aU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (68); American Forest and Paper Association (3,5,6); American PulpwoodAssociation (10). Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bIncludes changes in inventories.

Pulpwood consumptionb


87

Table 51—Producer price indexes for paper, board, and wood pulp, 1965–2017 (2009 = 100) a

Year

Actual Relativeb Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 14.8 81.2 18.4 101.1 19.2 105.7 26.9 148.1 17.6 96.71966 15.2 81.1 19.0 101.6 19.4 103.5 26.9 143.9 17.6 94.01967 15.3 79.6 19.4 100.9 18.9 98.2 26.7 138.7 17.6 91.31968 15.5 77.2 19.8 98.6 18.1 90.3 26.9 133.8 17.6 87.41969 16.0 75.7 20.5 97.2 18.8 89.3 28.2 133.7 17.6 83.41970 16.6 74.9 21.6 97.4 19.2 86.3 27.0 121.5 19.2 86.71971 16.9 72.3 22.2 95.1 19.4 83.1 27.4 117.4 19.7 84.41972 17.4 71.5 22.6 92.7 20.0 82.0 28.4 116.4 19.6 80.31973 18.8 72.8 23.6 91.6 21.8 84.7 30.1 116.8 22.5 87.31974 23.3 83.1 28.9 103.2 28.8 102.9 33.0 117.8 38.3 136.71975 26.2 85.5 33.6 110.0 32.2 105.4 33.9 111.0 49.8 162.91976 27.5 84.9 35.5 109.4 33.3 102.9 37.0 114.2 50.3 155.11977 28.6 82.9 37.8 109.3 33.3 96.6 41.9 121.4 49.4 143.01978 30.0 81.3 40.1 108.6 34.0 92.1 50.0 135.3 46.8 126.71979 33.6 84.3 44.7 111.9 38.3 95.9 48.7 122.0 55.2 138.31980 38.3 88.0 49.9 114.9 44.4 102.1 55.0 126.6 66.8 153.61981 42.0 88.5 54.4 114.5 48.8 102.8 61.8 130.1 69.8 146.91982 44.3 88.0 55.7 110.5 48.3 95.8 63.9 126.8 66.6 132.21983 45.8 87.3 54.8 104.6 47.5 90.5 66.7 127.2 60.9 116.11984 48.9 89.9 58.9 108.3 53.3 98.0 69.1 127.1 69.8 128.31985 50.2 89.5 59.0 105.2 52.0 92.7 68.6 122.4 60.9 108.51986 51.5 89.8 59.6 104.0 51.4 89.8 69.5 121.3 63.0 110.01987 54.0 91.6 62.1 105.3 57.0 96.7 71.1 120.5 74.2 125.91988 57.8 94.8 68.6 112.5 64.3 105.5 72.4 118.8 91.0 149.31989 61.1 96.5 72.2 114.0 67.6 106.8 73.9 116.7 104.8 165.61990 62.6 95.1 71.7 109.0 65.5 99.6 71.7 109.0 100.7 153.11991 63.3 93.3 70.7 104.0 62.8 92.5 71.4 105.2 79.4 116.81992 64.4 92.5 68.6 98.6 64.8 93.2 76.4 109.8 79.2 113.81993 65.3 91.7 68.9 96.8 62.7 88.1 84.8 119.0 69.4 97.41994 67.6 92.9 70.2 96.5 67.8 93.2 92.1 126.6 77.2 106.11995 76.3 102.7 88.5 119.1 88.4 118.9 92.6 124.6 122.0 164.11996 74.8 98.8 83.2 109.9 74.9 98.9 87.7 115.8 88.6 117.11997 74.4 96.4 80.1 103.7 69.7 90.2 82.8 107.2 85.6 110.91998 76.1 97.3 81.0 103.6 73.2 93.6 84.9 108.6 81.6 104.41999 77.2 97.3 79.0 99.6 73.9 93.2 90.5 114.1 79.7 100.52000 81.4 100.6 83.4 103.0 85.3 105.3 88.7 109.5 96.7 119.52001 81.9 98.8 83.9 101.2 83.1 100.2 82.6 99.7 83.8 101.02002 82.4 98.3 80.6 96.1 79.4 94.7 82.6 98.6 77.4 92.32003 84.2 100.5 81.3 97.1 78.5 93.7 102.2 121.9 80.8 96.42004 86.7 97.3 83.2 93.3 82.1 92.2 122.9 137.9 88.0 98.82005 89.8 97.6 88.9 96.6 84.7 92.1 118.1 128.4 91.9 99.92006 93.0 98.1 93.2 98.3 92.7 97.7 110.5 116.6 95.9 101.22007 96.1 98.8 94.3 96.9 97.3 100.0 99.2 101.9 107.5 110.52008 100.5 101.3 102.6 103.4 105.2 106.0 104.7 105.5 114.1 115.02009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 105.0 103.9 101.4 100.3 108.5 107.4 107.6 106.5 123.8 122.52011 108.6 105.3 106.5 103.2 111.2 107.8 104.5 101.3 129.7 125.72012 108.2 103.0 106.7 101.6 110.0 104.8 119.6 113.9 123.8 117.92013 110.3 103.3 106.2 99.5 117.6 110.2 132.8 124.5 120.3 112.72014 111.0 102.6 107.3 99.1 120.0 110.8 120.7 111.5 122.3 113.02015 110.3 100.2 105.7 96.1 117.3 106.6 119.0 108.2 120.9 109.92016 109.8 98.5 104.0 93.3 112.6 101.1 128.5 115.3 114.2 102.52017 112.9 99.5 103.8 91.5 124.3 109.6 141.6 124.8 119.3 105.2aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79).bDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities price index.

Building paper and board Wood pulp

Pulp, paper, andallied products Paper Paperboard


88

Table 52—Producer price indexes for wastepaper, by grade, 1965–2015 (2009 = 100)a

Year Wastepaper Newspaper Mixed papers Corrugated High gradesb Exports (all grades)Actual Relativec Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative

1965 44.3 244.1 z z z z z z z z z z

1966 46.8 250.4 z z z z z z z z z z

1967 34.8 180.7 z z z z z z z z z z

1968 45.3 225.2 z z z z z z z z z z

1969 48.3 229.3 z z z z z z z z z z

1970 43.5 196.2 z z z z z z z z z z

1971 39.0 167.2 71.3 305.4 21.3 91.2 61.8 264.7 z z z z

1972 46.5 190.9 z z z z z z z z z z

1973 68.7 266.7 z z z z z z z z z z

1974 92.5 330.3 z z z z z z z z z z

1975 38.4 125.4 77.3 252.7 18.0 58.8 49.7 162.6 z z z z

1976 64.4 198.7 137.9 425.4 27.1 83.7 108.5 334.7 z z z z

1977 65.2 188.9 144.8 419.3 30.3 87.6 103.3 299.1 z z z z

1978 66.6 180.3 138.6 375.2 38.9 105.3 111.9 303.1 z z z z

1979 71.9 180.2 104.9 262.7 35.5 88.8 154.3 386.6 z z z z

1980 72.7 167.1 115.7 266.1 38.5 88.5 106.4 244.9 z z z z

1981 61.2 128.8 66.1 139.1 32.9 69.3 76.6 161.3 z z z z

1982 42.2 83.8 z z z z z z z z z z

1983 z z z z z z z z z z z z

1984 83.6 153.8 133.4 245.3 42.5 78.1 166.5 306.1 z z z z

1985 51.9 92.5 103.7 184.9 36.1 64.4 81.1 144.7 z z z z

1986 60.2 105.0 95.3 166.3 31.7 55.3 124.7 217.6 z z z z

1987 76.5 129.8 121.5 206.1 37.6 63.7 164.1 278.3 80.9 137.2 54.1 91.71988 77.5 127.1 119.5 196.1 41.4 67.9 131.2 215.3 97.3 159.7 55.4 90.81989 66.3 104.7 62.0 97.9 28.3 44.7 94.5 149.3 100.5 158.8 48.9 77.31990 58.6 89.1 51.9 78.9 21.3 32.4 86.7 131.9 88.6 134.6 43.5 66.11991 51.2 75.4 50.8 74.8 15.7 23.2 86.4 127.3 71.4 105.2 39.2 57.71992 49.6 71.3 45.5 65.5 15.8 22.8 76.7 110.2 73.4 105.4 38.7 55.61993 49.5 69.5 50.3 70.6 22.1 31.1 74.5 104.6 70.4 98.8 35.8 50.21994 88.4 121.5 101.4 139.5 52.0 71.4 168.9 232.3 82.4 113.2 53.5 73.51995 156.6 210.7 212.3 285.6 127.4 171.4 269.8 363.1 118.5 159.5 95.9 129.01996 59.7 78.9 55.5 73.3 29.3 38.7 106.7 140.9 62.1 82.1 38.5 50.91997 68.9 89.2 53.4 69.2 25.9 33.6 130.3 168.8 72.0 93.2 45.5 58.91998 61.4 78.5 59.9 76.7 41.8 53.5 94.2 120.5 68.0 86.9 36.4 46.51999 77.5 97.7 82.7 104.2 97.8 123.3 106.7 134.6 73.9 93.2 50.0 63.12000 119.2 147.2 124.2 153.4 202.7 250.3 128.1 158.2 119.2 147.2 67.6 83.52001 62.7 75.6 76.9 92.8 50.2 60.5 69.6 84.0 74.7 90.1 37.9 45.72002 73.0 87.1 94.2 112.4 101.7 121.3 103.6 123.6 76.6 91.4 51.3 61.22003 83.2 99.3 103.5 123.5 137.7 164.3 105.2 125.5 92.3 110.1 53.3 63.62004 97.6 109.5 121.1 135.8 185.1 207.6 138.9 155.9 100.6 112.9 69.1 77.52005 97.4 105.9 118.8 129.1 162.1 176.2 131.5 142.9 100.9 109.7 72.8 79.22006 99.1 104.5 113.9 120.1 138.2 145.8 137.2 144.7 104.5 110.2 72.8 76.72007 155.6 159.8 152.6 156.8 201.6 207.2 213.7 219.6 145.4 149.4 116.7 119.92008 157.2 158.4 166.1 167.4 197.4 199.0 188.8 190.3 162.5 163.8 124.9 125.82009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 177.8 176.0 134.3 132.9 193.5 191.5 211.1 208.8 174.5 172.7 188.4 186.42011 203.6 197.3 174.1 168.7 205.7 199.3 234.6 227.3 193.5 187.5 147.9 143.32012 156.4 149.0 120.4 114.7 183.0 174.3 175.9 167.5 148.1 141.1 147.9 140.82013 153.4 143.7 106.6 99.9 183.4 171.8 171.7 160.9 138.4 129.7 147.9 138.52014 144.3 133.3 91.0 84.0 153.7 142.0 156.3 144.3 148.1 136.8 147.9 136.62015 123.2 112.0 81.4 74.0 153.7 139.7 128.2 116.5 136.0 123.6 147.9 134.42016 131.9 118.4 91.3 81.9 153.7 138.0 136.4 122.4 145.8 130.9 147.9 132.72017 170.0 149.9 103.8 91.5 153.7 135.5 200.9 177.1 158.7 139.9 147.9 130.4

aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79).bPulp substitutes and deinking; December 1986 = 100.cDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities price index.zNot Available.


89

Table 53—Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 (3/4-in. basis)a

Medium-densityYear Total Particleboard fiberboard Importsb Exports Total Per capita

Million Million Million Million Million Millionsquare square square square square square Squarefeet feet feet feet feet feet feet

1965 828 753 75 4 c 832 41966 1,031 948 83 1 c 1,032 51967 1,167 1,074 93 1 2 1,166 61968 1,494 1,391 103 1 6 1,489 71969 1,796 1,682 114 12 14 1,794 91970 1,858 1,731 127 3 10 1,851 91971 2,500 2,359 141 8 20 2,488 121972 3,236 3,079 157 14 45 3,205 151973 3,634 3,460 174 17 77 3,574 171974 3,269 3,075 194 7 113 3,163 151975 2,718 2,503 215 16 84 2,650 121976 3,469 3,189 280 60 80 3,449 161977 4,010 3,569 441 158 63 4,105 191978 4,228 3,720 508 193 61 4,360 201979 3,883 3,376 507 221 84 4,020 181980 3,443 2,950 493 264 106 3,601 161981 3,385 2,869 516 254 117 3,522 151982 2,839 2,393 446 766 41 3,564 151983 3,613 3,009 604 994 47 4,560 191984 3,830 3,196 634 1,331 54 5,107 221985 4,016 3,331 685 1,335 59 5,292 221986 4,384 3,603 781 1,395 86 5,693 241987 4,605 3,706 899 1,550 113 6,042 251988 4,768 3,829 939 1,634 163 6,239 251989 4,828 3,858 970 425 333 4,920 201990 4,756 3,806 950 363 373 4,746 191991 4,730 3,772 958 293 369 4,654 181992 5,046 3,980 1,066 405 394 5,057 201993 5,402 4,241 1,161 572 318 5,656 221994 5,793 4,542 1,251 775 297 6,271 241995 5,307 4,200 1,107 840 319 5,828 221996 5,705 4,459 1,246 814 154 6,365 241997 5,916 4,531 1,385 963 188 6,691 251998 5,994 4,593 1,401 1,038 135 6,897 261999r 6,229 4,816 1,413 1,221 135 7,315 272000 6,292 4,804 1,488 1,856 162 7,986 282001 5,480 4,096 1,384 1,936 192 7,224 252002 6,035 4,414 1,621 1,377 212 7,200 252003 5,592 3,984 1,608 1,574 194 6,972 242004 6,052 4,305 1,747 1,751 195 7,608 262005 5,951 4,111 1,840 1,571 199 7,322 252006 5,911 4,055 1,856 1,283 205 6,989 242007 5,432 3,543 1,889 1,241 328 6,345 212008 4,623 2,916 1,707 1,180 398 5,404 182009 3,865 2,194 1,671 1,144 338 4,671 152010 3,709 2,287 1,422 1,326 400 4,634 152011 3,750 2,290 1,460 1,333 407 4,676 152012 3,750 2,290 1,460 1,520 462 4,808 152013 4,048 2,321 1,727 1,797 479 5,367 172014 4,054 2,388 1,667 3,638 503 7,189 232015 4,105 2,430 1,675 3,792 555 7,341 232016 4,084 2,345 1,739 2,957 448 6,593 202017 3,950 2,255 1,695 2,997 398 6,549 20

aComposite Panel Association (15); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87);U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bMay contain significant volumes of waferboard and oriented strandboard productsprior to 1989.cFewer than 500,000 ft2.rRevised.

Production Consumption


90

Table 54—lnsulating boarda production, imports, exports, andconsumption, 1965–2017 (1/2-in. basis)b

Year Production Importsc Exports Total Per capita

Million Million Million Millionsquare feet square feet square feet square feet Square feet

1965 3,362 75 42 3,395 171966 3,079 67 48 3,098 161967 3,209 69 45 3,233 161968 3,476 94 45 3,525 181969 3,623 98 65 3,656 181970 3,194 103 51 3,246 161971 3,839 115 65 3,889 191972 3,918 121 66 3,973 191973 3,914 140 79 3,975 191974 3,282 72 102 3,252 151975 2,960 36 77 2,919 141976 3,407 45 77 3,375 151977 3,462 107 84 3,485 161978 3,437 139 106 3,470 161979 3,310 138 49 3,399 151980 2,780 100 62 2,818 121981 2,124 104 110 2,118 91982 1,790 118 67 1,841 81983 2,277 204 83 2,398 101984 2,545 286 89 2,742 121985 2,461 343 80 2,724 111986 2,194 338 117 2,415 101987 2,242 273 127 2,388 101988 2,340 320 203 2,457 101989 2,455 346 180 2,621 111990 2,365 290 175 2,480 101991 2,323 200 191 2,332 91992 2,363 310 215 2,458 101993 2,358 285 208 2,435 91994 2,335 305 170 2,470 91995 2,335 305 170 2,470 91996 2,335 305 170 2,470 91997 2,335 305 170 2,470 91998 2,335 305 170 2,470 91999 2,335 305 170 2,470 92000 2,335 305 170 2,470 92001 2,335 305 170 2,470 92002 2,335 305 170 2,470 92003 2,335 305 170 2,470 82004 2,335 305 170 2,470 82005 2,335 305 170 2,470 82006 2,335 305 170 2,470 92007 2,335 305 170 2,470 82008 2,335 305 170 2,470 82009 2,335 305 170 2,470 82010 2,335 305 170 2,470 82011 2,335 305 170 2,470 82012 2,335 305 170 2,470 82013 2,335 305 170 2,470 82014 2,335 305 170 2,470 82015 2,335 305 170 2,470 82016 2,335 305 170 2,470 82017 2,335 305 170 2,470 8

aDensity equal to or less than 31 lb/ft3.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (3,5).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.cIncludes other building board.

Consumption


91

Table 55—lnsulating boarda production, imports, exports, andconsumption, 1965–2017b

Year Production Importsc Exports Total Per capitaThousand Thousand Thousand Thousandtons tons tons tons pounds

1965 1,234 28 15 1,246 61966 1,130 25 18 1,137 61967 1,178 25 17 1,187 61968 1,276 34 17 1,294 61969 1,330 36 24 1,342 71970 1,172 38 19 1,191 61971 1,409 42 24 1,427 71972 1,438 44 24 1,458 71973 1,436 51 29 1,459 71974 1,204 26 37 1,193 61975 1,086 13 28 1,071 51976 1,250 17 28 1,239 61977 1,271 39 31 1,279 61978 1,261 51 39 1,273 61979 1,215 51 18 1,247 61980 1,020 37 23 1,034 51981 780 38 40 777 31982 657 43 25 676 31983 836 75 30 880 41984 934 105 33 1,006 41985 903 126 29 1,000 41986 805 124 43 886 41987 823 100 47 876 41988 859 117 75 902 41989 901 127 66 962 41990 868 106 64 910 41991 853 73 70 856 31992 867 114 79 902 41993 865 105 76 894 31994 857 112 62 906 31995 857 112 62 906 31996 857 112 62 906 31997 857 112 62 906 31998 857 112 62 906 31999 857 112 62 906 32000 857 112 62 906 32001 857 112 62 906 32002 857 112 62 906 32003 857 112 62 906 32004 857 112 62 906 32005 857 112 62 906 32006 857 112 62 906 32007 857 112 62 906 32008 857 112 62 906 32009 857 112 62 906 32010 857 112 62 906 32011 857 112 62 906 32012 857 112 62 906 32013 857 112 62 907 32014 857 112 62 906 32015 857 112 62 906 32016 857 112 62 906 32017 857 112 62 906 3

aDensity equal to or less than 31 lb/ft3.bProduct of Table 54 using a conversion of 0.367. cIncludes other building board.

Consumption


92

Table 56—Hardboarda production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 (1/8-in. basis)b

Year Productionc Imports Exports Total Per capitaMillion Million Million Million

square feet square feet square feet square feet Square feet1965 2,921 574 22 3,473 181966 3,083 459 32 3,510 181967 3,038 455 30 3,463 171968 3,710 623 40 4,293 211969 4,247 694 48 4,893 241970 4,384 452 77 4,759 231971 5,225 631 83 5,773 281972 5,798 1,060 103 6,755 321973 6,050 1,047 131 6,966 331974 5,654 739 175 6,218 291975 5,681 264 158 5,787 271976 6,785 486 187 7,084 321977 7,714 625 174 8,165 371978 7,825 903 78 8,650 391979 7,688 831 101 8,418 371980 6,140 515 87 6,568 291981 6,105 568 171 6,502 281982 5,587 458 47 5,998 261983 7,303 717 60 7,960 341984 6,837 807 64 7,580 321985 6,300 782 192 6,890 291986 5,822 855 182 6,495 271987 5,458 832 269 6,021 251988 5,118 633 322 5,429 221989 5,196 718 427 5,487 221990 5,025 689 552 5,162 211991 4,895 571 606 4,860 191992 5,273 571 836 5,008 201993 5,248 639 917 4,970 191994 5,206 1,119 1,190 5,135 201995 4,930 1,152 1,377 4,705 181996 5,280 1,183 1,426 5,037 191997 4,501 1,306 1,259 4,548 171998 4,300 1,273 871 4,703 171999 4,386 1,782 916 5,253 192000 3,781 1,764 942 4,602 162001 3,322 2,299 788 4,833 172002 2,919 2,676 669 4,926 172003 4,304 3,080 648 6,736 232004 3,880 4,188 1,005 7,063 242005 4,347 4,786 1,076 8,056 272006 3,870 4,899 1,321 7,448 262007 3,312 4,010 1,215 6,107 202008 2,916 2,407 1,138 4,185 142009 2,226 1,538 994 2,770 92010 2,718 1,118 920 2,916 92011 2,466 697 798 2,366 82012 2,201 608 769 2,040 62013 2,500 604 677 2,427 82014 2,532 525 531 2,526 82015 2,513 543 402 2,654 82016 2,688 733 416 3,005 92017 2,698 928 680 2,945 9

aDensity greater than 31 lb/ft3.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (3,4,5); U.S. InternationalTrade Commission (86,87); Composite Panel Association (15);U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.cData for the years 1982 to present are for shipments.History numbers do not reflect entire industry.

Consumption


93

Table 57—Producer price indexes for hardboard and particleboard, 1965–2017 (2009 = 100)a

Year Actual Relatived Actual Relatived Actual Relatived

1965 32.2 177.3 z z z z

1966 32.0 171.3 z z z z

1967 30.9 160.6 z z z z

1968 30.7 152.5 z z z z

1969 31.8 151.0 z z z z

1970 28.8 129.9 z z z z

1971 28.9 123.7 z z z z

1972 29.8 122.4 z z z z

1973 32.7 126.9 z z z z

1974 35.6 127.2 z z z z

1975 35.1 114.9 z z z z

1976 38.3 118.1 z z z z

1977 43.6 126.4 z z z z

1978 52.8 142.8 z z z z

1979 51.3 128.4 z z z z

1980 59.1 135.9 z z z z

1981 65.8 138.5 z z z z

1982 68.0 134.9 z z z z

1983 70.9 135.2 z z 54.9 104.61984 73.6 135.4 z z 60.2 110.61985 72.1 128.6 84.0 149.8 56.9 101.51986 72.9 127.2 85.3 148.8 58.0 101.31987 74.4 126.2 81.4 138.1 62.5 106.01988 75.6 124.0 80.5 132.1 64.7 106.21989 76.3 120.5 80.1 126.6 66.4 104.81990 73.1 111.1 80.2 121.9 60.5 92.01991 72.4 106.6 79.2 116.5 60.4 89.01992 78.1 112.3 82.0 117.9 62.5 89.81993 87.1 122.2 87.2 122.4 71.9 100.91994 94.5 129.9 89.3 122.7 80.4 110.51995 94.9 127.7 90.6 122.0 80.3 108.11996 89.5 118.2 95.0 125.5 77.2 102.01997 84.2 109.1 96.8 125.4 73.6 95.31998 86.6 110.8 95.7 122.4 71.8 91.81999 92.5 116.6 97.6 123.0 74.0 93.42000 90.3 111.5 99.3 122.6 76.5 94.52001 83.3 100.5 93.1 112.3 71.7 86.52002 83.1 99.2 91.4 109.0 69.7 83.12003 104.0 124.1 93.3 111.3 70.9 84.62004 125.9 141.3 97.1 108.9 90.5 101.52005 120.3 130.7 96.1 104.5 87.5 95.12006 111.8 117.9 98.6 104.0 102.4 108.02007 99.5 102.2 98.0 100.7 101.0 103.82008 105.0 105.8 100.4 101.2 107.7 108.62009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 107.7 106.6 104.3 103.2 98.3 97.32011 104.7 101.4 107.2 103.8 101.5 98.32012 120.1 114.4 107.7 102.6 108.5 103.32013 134.0 125.5 112.0 104.9 114.9 107.72014 121.1 111.8 116.0 107.1 121.4 112.12015 119.1 108.3 125.8 114.4 121.4 110.32016 128.8 115.6 126.7 113.7 121.5 109.12017 142.4 125.5 127.4 112.4 123.2 108.6

aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79).bHardboard, particleboard, and fiberboard products.cPlaten-type (mat formed).dDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities index.zNot Available.

ParticleboardcHardboardHardboard andparticleboardb


94

Table 58—Production of treated wood products by type of treatment, treatment plant, and product, 1984–2017 (thousands of board feet)a

Year Total Creosote Oilborneb Waterborne Fire Firesolutions pressure pressure retardants Creosote Oilborne Waterborne retardants

1984 5,989,488 1,651,128 643,320 3,620,364 74,676 120 95 445 751985 6,231,780 1,542,852 630,420 3,944,124 114,384 123 97 449 771986 6,649,236 1,424,988 593,808 4,505,496 124,944 117 81 475 791987 6,911,796 1,173,888 582,684 5,027,808 127,416 109 71 479 811988 7,189,740 1,085,772 574,428 5,406,780 122,760 97 65 484 801989 6,683,316 1,078,440 592,632 4,883,292 128,952 90 60 473 711990 7,027,620 1,118,304 559,104 5,252,100 98,112 85 65 458 661991 6,781,128 1,051,320 521,880 5,092,440 115,488 83 63 445 601992 7,025,796 1,078,452 477,876 5,369,244 100,224 81 44 432 571993 7,270,452 1,105,584 433,860 5,646,048 84,960 76 49 404 481994 7,609,020 1,134,780 495,348 5,962,596 16,296 85 33 461 441995 6,946,488 1,101,012 393,168 5,407,152 45,156 71 28 384 391996 7,099,307 1,038,136 401,934 5,614,264 44,974 68 27 368 291997 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 351998 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 351999 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352000 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352001 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352002 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352003 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352004 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352005 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352006 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352007 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352008 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352009 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352010 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352011 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352012 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352013 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352014 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352015 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352016 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352017 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 35

Year Totald Fence Switch and Plywood Othere

Lumber Timbers Poles Pilings posts Crossties bridge ties (thousand sq.ft.)1984 3,980,729 948,965 324,492 931,896 142,068 235,800 1,064,640 98,376 179,936 234,4921985 4,032,820 1,025,956 350,496 921,972 126,348 149,232 1,030,728 97,608 267,072 330,4801986 4,136,740 1,173,628 387,348 880,092 125,784 208,092 965,316 70,884 297,664 325,5961987 4,118,679 1,290,567 542,376 903,288 97,440 135,024 715,128 111,672 408,064 323,1841988 4,136,768 1,417,868 540,204 854,292 116,388 148,848 693,240 75,780 406,560 290,1481989 4,054,037 1,207,913 527,412 887,700 116,136 172,524 696,264 75,612 422,048 370,4761990 4,240,101 1,290,657 576,012 882,012 86,232 178,488 755,856 85,980 392,736 384,8641991 4,129,285 1,220,053 630,372 860,808 81,240 166,020 731,664 74,760 415,936 364,3681992 4,236,767 1,284,479 622,284 812,592 93,012 165,504 747,348 77,052 430,368 434,4961993 4,344,226 1,348,906 614,196 764,376 104,772 164,988 763,032 79,332 444,800 504,6241994 5,146,279 1,084,470 970,867 903,974 121,390 246,946 756,648 120,036 651,267 941,9491995 4,698,187 990,043 886,332 825,264 110,820 225,444 690,768 109,584 594,560 859,9321996 4,470,363 1,160,247 667,572 762,792 101,028 281,208 669,948 68,880 681,088 758,6881997 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0531998 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0531999 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532000 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532001 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532002 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532003 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532004 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532005 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532006 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532007 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532008 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532009 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532010 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532011 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532012 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532013 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532014 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532015 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532016 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532017 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,053

aWood Preservation Institute (91); American Plywood Association, The Engineered Wood Association (11,12,13).bPentachlorophenol, Copper Napthenate, Zinc Napthenate, Copper-8-Quinolinolate, and TBTO (mostly pentachlorophenol).c1984 was estimated.dExcludes plywood. eCrossarms, landscape timbers, highway posts and guardrails, mine ties and timbers, crossing planks, and other misc. products not listed above.Lumber taken from General Technical Report GTR-199 update, Table 11 Hardwood Recovery Factor. Plywood taken from GTR-199 update, Hardwood Plywood Lumber Conversion Table B-7. All Other taken from GTR-199 update, Table B-10.

Volume treated with Plants treating withc

Volume by product


95

Table 59—Forest chemical products production in gallons and short tons, 1965–2017a

Over 2% Under 2% Sulphate Gum Steam Tall oil Gum SteamYear Total rosin rosin Total turpentined turpentine distilled Total rosin rosin distilled rosin

1,000 Short 1,000 Short 1,000 Short 1,000 U.S. 1,000 U.S. 1,000 U.S. 1,000 U.S. 1,000 Short 1,000 Short 1,000 Short 1,000 ShortTons Tons Tons Gallons Gallons Gallons Gallons Tons Tons Tons Tons

1965 164.0 z z 35,033 21,033 5,569 8,432 591.2 179.2 103.3 308.81966 185.5 z z 33,275 21,338 4,211 7,727 559.9 200.0 78.1 281.91967 183.2 z z 31,397 20,987 3,387 7,024 534.5 194.6 63.9 275.91968 186.3 z z 32,609 23,658 2,521 6,430 527.8 204.3 48.9 274.61969 203.9 z z 30,869 23,975 1,750 5,144 498.1 226.8 34.0 237.41970 220.2 z z 28,790 22,768 1,292 4,731 473.6 228.7 25.1 219.81971 223.9 z z 28,433 22,745 1,418 4,270 466.3 230.3 26.3 209.81972 235.9 z z 28,295 23,206 1,328 3,761 465.7 240.1 25.5 200.11973 226.8 z z 27,308 22,629 1,143 3,536 418.4 222.2 20.2 176.01974 199.8 z z 25,583 21,379 797 3,407 369.3 198.0 14.5 156.81975 161.3 z z 21,471 18,575 1,006 1,890 264.0 160.7 17.8 85.51976 205.7 z z 24,183 20,265 920 2,998 350.2 201.7 16.8 131.71977 197.6 98.0 99.6 23,646 20,297 731 2,618 341.1 202.4 13.4 125.31978 193.8 102.1 91.7 24,949 22,066 517 2,366 340.8 211.5 9.4 119.91979 210.8 107.1 103.6 26,257 23,449 369 2,439 354.4 231.7 7.0 115.71980 209.0 114.8 94.2 27,685 24,979 314 2,392 343.6 223.3 5.9 114.41981 210.7 102.1 108.6 25,765 23,310 270 2,185 331.3 221.8 5.1 104.51982 187.7 91.1 96.6 23,353 21,283 230 1,840 286.4 194.0 4.4 88.01983 214.0 103.4 110.6 23,808 22,193 235 1,380 303.9 211.6 4.3 88.01984 235.8 118.4 117.5 23,233 21,628 225 1,380 295.8 225.6 4.2 66.01985 204.6 106.8 97.8 22,191 21,096 175 920 261.9 214.5 3.4 44.01986 215.1 112.5 102.5 21,956 21,956 z z 216.8 216.8 z z

1987 231.0 114.1 116.9 23,196 23,196 z z 252.1 252.1 z z

1988 239.4 118.9 120.5 28,000 28,000 z z 256.5 256.5 z z

1989 241.2 114.7 126.5 29,749 29,749 z z 262.1 262.1 z z

1990 236.8 112.8 124.1 31,077 31,077 z z 274.6 274.6 z z

1991 264.8 125.7 139.0 25,767 25,767 z z 262.9 262.9 z z

1992 251.9 115.0 137.0 24,498 24,498 z z 266.1 266.1 z z

1993 255.2 107.4 147.8 27,114 27,114 z z 285.6 285.6 z z

1994 279.1 124.6 154.4 26,424 26,424 z z 281.8 281.8 z z

1995 249.8 109.0 140.8 25,328 25,328 z z 272.6 272.6 z z

1996 254.7 109.0 145.6 22,412 22,412 z z 290.6 290.6 z z

1997 273.7 112.8 160.9 25,564 25,564 z z 308.4 308.4 z z

1998 281.9 130.8 151.1 24,146 24,146 z z 271.7 271.7 z z

1999 290.2 133.7 156.5 20,733 20,733 z z 231.1 231.1 z z

2000 263.0 102.1 160.9 23,080 23,080 z z 245.0 245.0 z z

2001 232.2 95.4 136.8 22,454 22,454 z z 206.7 206.7 z z

2002 241.4 102.1 139.3 24,162 24,162 z z 229.8 229.8 z z

2003 281.4 117.7 163.7 23,063 23,063 z z 241.5 241.5 z z

2004 383.0 191.5 191.5 22,468 22,468 z z 268.7 268.7 z z

2005 373.8 182.3 191.5 22,077 22,077 z z 261.3 261.3 z z

2006 374.1 z z 21,798 21,798 z z 277.2 277.2 z z

2007 379.5 z z 22,450 22,450 z z 281.6 281.6 z z

2008 385.2 z z 23,124 23,124 z z 286.1 286.1 z z

2009 375.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

2010 375.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

2011 375.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

2012 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

2013 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

2014 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

2015 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

2016 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

2017 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z

aNaval Stores Review (31); Pine Chemicals Association (33).b1965–1972 numbers are converted from 50-gallon barrels to 1,000 gallons.c1965–1972 numbers are converted from 520-lb drums to 1,000 short tons.d1988–present represents crude turpentine production.zNot Available.

RosincTurpentinebTall oil fatty acids


96

Table 60—Wood energy use in the United States, 1973–2017a

Total Residential Commercial IndustrialElectric utilities Total Residential Commercial Industrial

Electric utilities

1973 1,527 354 7 1,165 1 6,108 1,416 27 4,659 51974 1,538 371 7 1,159 1 6,151 1,484 28 4,636 31975 1,497 425 8 1,063 0 5,988 1,702 32 4,253 11976 1,711 482 9 1,220 1 6,846 1,927 36 4,880 41977 1,837 542 10 1,281 3 7,346 2,167 41 5,125 131978 2,036 622 12 1,400 2 8,145 2,487 47 5,602 81979 2,150 728 14 1,405 3 8,599 2,912 55 5,619 121980 2,483 859 21 1,600 3 9,931 3,436 84 6,400 111981 2,495 869 21 1,602 3 9,978 3,476 84 6,408 101982 2,477 937 22 1,516 2 9,908 3,748 88 6,064 81983 2,639 925 22 1,690 2 10,557 3,700 88 6,760 91984 2,629 923 22 1,679 5 10,515 3,692 88 6,716 191985 2,576 899 24 1,645 8 10,303 3,596 96 6,580 311986 2,518 876 27 1,610 5 10,073 3,504 108 6,440 211987 2,465 852 29 1,576 8 9,861 3,408 116 6,304 331988 2,552 885 32 1,625 10 10,207 3,540 128 6,500 391989 2,637 918 36 1,584 100 10,548 3,672 144 6,334 3981990 2,191 581 39 1,442 129 8,762 2,324 157 5,768 5141991 2,190 613 41 1,410 126 8,759 2,452 164 5,639 5031992 2,290 645 44 1,461 140 9,162 2,580 176 5,845 5611993 2,227 548 46 1,483 150 8,907 2,192 183 5,933 5991994 2,315 537 46 1,580 152 9,261 2,148 184 6,319 6091995 2,420 596 46 1,652 125 9,678 2,384 184 6,608 5021996 2,467 595 50 1,684 138 9,867 2,380 202 6,734 5511997 2,350 433 49 1,731 137 9,398 1,732 196 6,922 5481998 2,175 387 48 1,603 137 8,702 1,549 193 6,414 5471999 2,224 414 52 1,620 138 8,895 1,655 209 6,478 5522000 2,257 433 53 1,636 134 9,027 1,733 213 6,544 5372001 1,980 370 40 1,443 126 7,918 1,480 162 5,770 5062002 1,899 313 39 1,396 150 7,595 1,252 157 5,586 6012003 1,929 359 40 1,363 167 7,717 1,436 159 5,453 6692004 2,015 332 41 1,476 165 8,060 1,329 166 5,904 6612005 1,826 332 41 1,284 168 7,302 1,329 166 5,137 6702006 2,109 390 65 1,472 182 8,436 1,560 259 5,890 7272007 2,098 430 69 1,413 186 8,394 1,720 278 5,652 7442008 2,044 450 73 1,344 177 8,177 1,800 292 5,375 7092009 1,881 430 72 1,198 180 7,522 1,720 290 4,792 7202010 1,979 420 70 1,293 189 7,916 1,680 281 5,172 7552011 1,967 420 70 1,302 175 7,868 1,680 280 5,208 7002012 2,010 420 61 1,339 190 8,040 1,680 244 5,356 7602013 2,138 580 70 1,281 207 8,552 2,320 280 5,124 8282014 2,410 587 76 1,495 251 9,640 2,348 304 5,980 1,0042015 2,235 436 79 1,476 244 8,940 1,744 316 5,904 9762016 2,131 349 84 1,474 224 8,524 1,396 336 5,896 8962017 2,145 334 84 1,480 247 8,580 1,336 336 5,920 988

Year

Trillion Btu Million cubic feet of wood equivalent

aWood equivalent is estimated using one quadrillian Btus equal to 4 billion cubic feet of wood. Actual wood fuel includes roundwood, bark, mill residue, and black liquor from pulp mills. Source: U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration (77).