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URSI Session "Large Scale Science Projects: Europe – Africa Connects"The 11th IEEE AFRICON conference, September 9 – 12, 2013, Mauritius
[email protected]://semont.ftn.uns.ac.rs
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Nikola DjuricFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
2/15
Content
The concept of the SEMONT monitoring system. The broadband monitoring approach. The monitoring bands. The EM field register. The exposure assessment approach. The SEMONT system utilization. Internet web portal. Conclusion.
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
3/15
The SEMONT system concept
Serbian electromagnetic field monitoring network – SEMONT.
GSM network
Internet
Urban area
CCS
User
Sensor
GSM base stationSource of EM field
Radio and TV broadcasting
Power lines
Fig. 1. System implementation over the area of interest.
Concept
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
4/15
Broadband monitoring approach
Provide information on the overall EM field level, without considering which sources are active over the area.
Fig. 2. The broadband isotropic EM field monitoring.
GSM network
Internet
Internet portal
User
Sensor
Source of the EM field
Ex(t)
Ez(t)
)()()()( 222 tEtEtEtE zyx
Ey(t)
Radio and TV broadcasting
GSM base station
Wi-Fi systems
Broadband
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
5/15
The monitoring bands
The SEMONT sensor nodes performs broadband monitoring in multiband frequency ranges.
Fig. 3. The monitoring bands.
GSM network
Internet
Internet portal
User
Sensor
10 Hz – 5 kHz
EGSM 900 EGSM 1800 UMTS 2100
Low frequency bandpass
High frequency bandpass
Sensor
100 kHz – 6 GHz
Bands
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
6/15
The EM field register (1/2)
The SEMONT system employ broadband measurements in combination with continuous monitoring, offering a history overview of field fluctuation during a period of time.
Fig. 4. The broadband isotropic EM field monitoring.
GSM network
Internet
CCS
User
Sensor
24h
E[V/m]
0h
Time
Short interval of conventional measurement
Source of EM field
History overview
Field register
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
7/15
The EM field register (2/2)
The SEMONT system is intended for remote, the 24 hours a day monitoring, utilizing sensor nodes with considerable internal memory, solar panel and rechargeable batteries.
Table. 1. Memory and monitoring period of the sensor.
Sampling interval Monitoring duration
30 sec 5 days
1 min 10 days
2 min 20 days
6 min 60 days
15 min 169 days
Field register
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
8/15
The exposure assessment approach (1/3)
Generally, the conventional measurement requires an extrapolation to the maximum power of source, since the “worst case” method is the only way to gain information on the exposure level that can be present in some area.
Fig. 5. Example of extrapolation of EM field level.
Gathering results over GSM network
Internet
User
Sensor
24h
E[V/m]
0h
Time
Source of EM field
CCS
Measurement in one moment
Extrapolated field level
Daily fluctuation
Exposure
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
9/15
The exposure assessment approach (2/3)
The continuous measurements overcame the problem of missing the period of the most intensive radiation of sources. The SEMONT monitoring is performed during the 24-hours period.
Fig. 6. Daily limits of the global exposure ration (GER) assessment.
GSM network
Daily limits of GER
Sensor
Internet
User
24h
GER
0
Upper GER level
Lower GER level
Source of EM field
CCS
Exposure
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
10/15
The exposure assessment approach (3/3)
Exploiting an approach of continuous monitoring, the SEMONT system assesses the GER and calculates lower and upper limits of daily exposure, according to the Serbian prescribed limits and ICNIRP recommendations.
For high-frequency electric field:
For the low-frequency magnetic field:
where real exposure will be in the range
2
min
2
max
ref
mup
ref
mlow E
EGERand
E
EGER
minmax ref
mup
ref
mlow B
BGERand
B
BGER
.low real upGER GER GER
Exposure
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
11/15
The SEMONT system utilization (1/2)
The low-frequency application – overhead power lines are well known sources of the low frequency magnetic and electric field.
Fig. 7. Monitoring field near overhead power lines.
GSM network
Internet
CCS
User24h
B[T]
0h
Time
Overhead power lines
History of field level
Utilization
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
12/15
The SEMONT system utilization (2/2)
The high-frequency application – the EM fields register simplifies procedure of the first and periodic testing of the radiation sources, as well as licensing the installation of new sources.
Fig. 8. Testing of the radiation sources.
GSM network
Internet
CCS
User24h
E[V/m]
0h
Time
New base station
History of field level
Utilization
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
13/15
Internet web portal (1/2)
Fig. 9. Presentation of the measurement results.
1:n
1:n
Sensor 1 Sensor 2 ...
Location 1 Location 2 ...
Measurement 1 Measurement 2 ...
Basic data for the particular sensor node
Internet
Web portal
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
14/15
Internet web portal (2/2)
Web portal
Fig. 9. Presentation of the measurement results.
The Concept of the SEMONT Monitoring System and its Influence on the EM Pollution Protection
Concept
Broadband
Bands
Field register
Exposure
Utilization
Web portal
Conclusion
15/15
Conclusion
The SEMONT system introduces an approach of wireless sensor network utilization for a daily supervision of overall and cumulative EM field level.
The SEMONT system is able to offer respectable answers regarding the public concerns on actual and long-term exposure to EM radiation.
The system provides information on the overall EM field level at any instant of time, without considering which EM sources are present and active over the observed area.
It is convenient if it is necessary to inform the general population, without technical knowledge on EM field sources.
The SEMONT system could be a significant support for the local authorities in their efforts to perform systematic care considering health effects of non-ionizing radiation.
Conclusion