Urbanization and Social Reform

Chapter 3 Section 4

Lecture Focus Question

◆How did Progressives work to help the urban poor? Explain.

Americans Migrate to the City

◆ Most immigrants got jobs in factories cities grew

◆ Rural Americans also moved to cities for better-paying jobs

◆ Cities had much to offer◆ Electric lights, running water, etc

◆ Land value rose, nowhere to build but up

◆ Skyscrapers: tall steel-framed buildings

Class Separation

Middle class expanded doctors, lawyers, social workers,

architects, teachers often moved away from city center to

escape crime and pollution and to afford larger homes

Wealthiest families established “fashionable” districts in the heart of the city

Women’s clubs: groups of wealthy women who were active in charitable reform in their city

◆Tenements were owned by landlords who lived far away.◆Families had to live within walking distance of factories◆Few windows and poor sanitary conditions◆Typically housed multiple families in one apartment

Living Conditions

SThe majority of people who

lived in tenements were

immigrants.

Journalists Uncover Injustices

◆Muckrakers: journalists and writers who dramatized the need for reform◆Upton Sinclair

◆“The Jungle”◆Revealed unsanitary practices in meatpacking industry

◆Jacob Riis◆“How the Other Half Lives”◆Lack of sanitation and safety in tenements

Social Gospel Movement

◆Social Gospel: idea that Christianity (charity & justice) should be the basis for reform◆Ex: Jane Addams & settlement house movement

Progressivism: movement founded on belief that new ideas & honest, efficient govt could bring about social justice in response to problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, and immigration

The Drive For Reform

“

Directions: Make a list of things (at least 3) the following two items have in common with each other:

Progressivism and a Broom

The Struggle Against Discrimination

◆Americanization: process of helping immigrants to assimilate◆English classes◆Cooking classes◆Hygiene classes

Women Make Progress

◆Women’s Christian Temperance Union(WCTU): wanted to make alcohol illegal◆Margaret Sanger: opened 1st birth control clinic◆Ida B. Wells: formed National Association of Colored Women

◆National Woman’s Suffrage Association(NAWSA): fought for women’s suffrage◆National Woman’s Party (NWP): 1st group to march with picket signs in front of the White House

19th Amendment: passed in 1920, gave women the constitutional right to vote

Victory!

Simon Says…

SThe freedom women felt as a

result of the 19th Amendment

would later open the door to

1920s flapper culture.

Copy

this

down

“

Summary These notes were about…

(Main Idea Use the WIN

strategy!)

(1-2 sent.) W.I.N. strategy:

WHO/WHAT - Figure out the most important who or what (topic) INFORMATION - Figure out the most important information about the who

or what

NUMBER OF WORDS - Write the main idea using the fewest possible number of words

Lecture Focus Question

◆How did Progressives

work to help the urban

poor? Explain.◆Response = 3-4 well thought out sentences

minimum! (topic sentence + supporting details)

Notes Grading Rubric

MIS: missing

INC: incomplete

✔: complete