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PowerWorld Simulator Frequently Asked QuestionsThis documents answers some of the more common questions asked about PowerWorldSimulator (Simulator). We also encourage you to visit our website at www.powerworld.comand download a free 12-bus evaluation version of Simulator.

What is PowerWorld Simulator?

Simulator is an innovative power system analysis package, designed from the ground up to beextremely user-friendly and highly interactive. Simulator's main claim to fame has been itsinnovative use of graphics, including animated flows and color contours, to take a lot of thedrudgery and mystery out of power system analysis. Simulator runs under Microsoft Windows95, 98, 2000, NT, and XP.

What are some of the potential uses of PowerWorld Simulator?

Simulator has a number of uses in the corporate environment. Some of these include

Helping to make better informed business decisions concerning thetransmission system Give your marketers and other users an insight into thetransmission system. Transmission bottlenecks are a costly but increasingly

common part of doing business in the electricity market. By providing a full-featured power flow package, Simulator can take some of the mystery out of thetransmission system, helping you make better informed business decisions.

Economic Analysis Using Simulators Optimal Power Flow (OPF) andSecurity Constrained OPF (SCOPF), you can model electricity markets thatutilize spot-pricing methodologies such as Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP)markets. With Simulator OPF and SCOPF and good input data to feed to thesetools, you can replicate the dispatch and price calculations from these markets.

In-house education Quickly provide non-technical or new employees with thepower system basics and an understanding of many of the issues involved in

industry restructuring.Customer education Effectively show your customers the issues involved inproviding them competitive power.

Executive presentations Clearly present many power system concepts usingeye-catching graphics. Simulator's displays were designed to look good inpresentations, and can be easily customized. Simulator has been recently usedin a number of presentations to the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission(which is now a PowerWorld customer) and a number of state commissions.

Operations Increase your knowledge of your system's operation. Many utilitieswill find Simulator to be a low-cost power flow that could be used in theiroperations and planning departments.

Power Flow Analysis Simulator provides all the tools you need to performadvanced power flow analysis such as transmission system impact studies for anew generating station. This includes contingency analysis, Available TransferCapability (ATC) studies, PV and QV Curve Studies (PVQV), Fault Analysis, andarea interchange.

Write your own code Simulators SimAuto add-on provides the ability todirectly link Simulators solution engines with your own software. As long as yourdevelopment language supports the COM interface (or the newer .NETtechnology), youll be able to communicate directly with Simulator.

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I'm new to power system analysis and do not yet own a power flow. Why should I buyyours?

For most people Simulator is the clear choice both because of its user-friendly and highlygraphical design, and its price. Our customers are usually amazed at how easy Simulator is touse. PowerWorld is the industry leader in power system visualization, which greatly enhancesthe speed with which you perform your analysis, and also when presenting your results to

others. After adding the various add-on available with Simulator (OPF, SCOPF, ATC, PVQV,and SimAuto), youll have the features you need to perform serious steady-state engineeringanalysis!

In all honesty we do want you to know that Simulator cannot solve every power systemproblem. What we've done is provide the features that will completely meet the needs of mostusers. And in doing so kept the price very reasonable. For highly specialized uses, such astransient stability, PowerWorld Corporation does not presently provide a solution. You'll needto supplement Simulator with other programs in these situations.

I already own a power flow program. Why should I buy yours?

Obviously if you're already satisfied with the usability, capability, and upgrade prices of your

current package, and you seldom have to present your results to others, then you probablywon't need to buy Simulator. But if not, we believe you should seriously consider Simulator.We've had a number of customers, including some of the largest utilities in the U.S. and aNERC reliability region, buy Simulator to supplement their existing power flows. What hasconsistently sold people is the innovative graphics, the user-friendly design and the low price.

Is Simulator compatible with my existing power flow cases?

Probably. Simulator provides import/export capability to the some of the most common powerflow formats, including those used with the U.S. FERC 715 cases or the cases commonlyobtained from the reliability councils or electricity market organizations. Therefore in alllikelihood you can directly load your power flow data into Simulator.

What advanced analysis modules are available?Contingency Analysis Automatically run through a list of 1000s ofcontingency and create a list of system overloads and voltage problems seenduring these contingencies. Also compare the results of two contingencies runs.

Unbalanced Fault Analysis Determine the A, B, and C phase currents andvoltages after a fault in the system. Includes support for all unbalanced faulttypes as well as mutual impedances and fault impedances.

Sensitivity Calculations Determine the linear sensitivity of line flows andvoltages to power injections, transfers or line outages/insertions. This includesthe calculation of Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDFs), Line Outage

Distribution Factors (LODFs), Transmission Loading Relief Sensitivities (TLRs),and Generation Shift Factors (GSFs). You can also calculate Loss Sensitivitiesusing the sensitivity tools.

Optimal Power Flow (OPF) Optimally dispatch your system to removetransmission line overloads, while also calculating spot prices (also known aslocational marginal prices). OPF is available as an add-on to Simulator.

Available Transfer Capability Tool (ATC) Calculate ATC values in secondsusing linear analysis techniques. ATC is available as an add-on to Simulator.

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PV and QV Curves Tool (PVQV) Study voltage stability problems in yoursystem using PVQV. PVQV is available as an add-on to Simulator.

Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow (SCOPF) Optimally dispatch yoursystem to remove transmission line overloads under the base case and underany contingency, while also calculating spot prices (also known as locationalmarginal prices). SCOPF is available as an add-on to Simulator.

What are some of the other features of Simulator?

In addition to the power flow and visualization capabilities discussed earlier, Simulator has anumber of other features. These include customizable and sortable list displays to view all or asubset of the various devices in the system (such as buses, generators, transmission lines, dclines, switched shunts, areas and zones), the ability to easy scale the load or generation, theability to create electrical equivalents, the ability to do economic dispatch for any area, theability to graphically compare two different cases, the ability to compare the topology of twodifferent cases, the ability to generate and graphically show PTDFs, the ability to graphicallycreate or modify a case, and much, much more. Every year Simulator adds more and morefeatures that make doing your job easier.

We like to emphasis Simulators automatic generation control (AGC) features. Simulatorallows you to dispatch areas using four different methods: Area Slack Control, ParticipationFactor Control (all generators participate proportional to their participation factors), EconomicDispatch, and OPF. This makes it easy for you to set up transfers between the areas in yourcase. Also, Simulator offers you the ability to create a Super Area and then dispatch a groupof areas together, representing a power pool. If you dont want to dispatch by area, Simulatoralso allows you to perform participation factor control across each electrical islands as well.

Because of Simulators easy of use, you can also utilize Simulator directly in yourpresentations. This feature makes Simulator an excellent training and demonstration tool.

What power flow algorithm does it use?

Simulator uses a full Newton-Raphson algorithm, with non-divergence control. Simulator cansolve power systems with up to 100,000 buses (we've never seen a case larger than this -- letus know if you need more!), and an almost unlimited number of lines. Simulator has been usedto solve FERC 715 cases for all of the NERC (North American Electric Reliability Council)regions. The largest cases weve seen so far have been 65,000 buses cases developed bycombining the Eastern Interconnect, Western Interconnect and ERCOT systems in the UnitedStates into one large case. PowerWorld Simulator offers the user the Decoupled Power Flowand the DC power flow as solution options as well as a Robust Solution Process whichiterated between the various solution options in an attempt to solve very ill-conditioned cases.

The power flow algorithm incorporates common controls used in power flow analysis, includingremote voltage regulation by LTCs, generators, and switched shunts, shared voltage

regulation by generators, phase-shifting transformer control, DC line modeling, and Multi-Terminal DC Line Modeling.

How fast does it solve the power flow equations?

Simulator's computational speed is on par with other high performance power flows that we'vetested. To give you a feel for its speed, using a 266 MHz Pentium II computer on the 23,458bus SERC FERC 715 case, Simulator takes 12.6 seconds and five iterations to solve the casewhen the first line in the case is opened (introducing a mismatch of over 1300 MWs). For thesmaller Florida FERC 715 case, with 3585 buses, Simulator takes 1.2 seconds and fouriterations to solve the mismatches caused by opening the first line in that case.

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What is PowerWorld Viewer?

PowerWorld Viewer is a free software package that we developed so that our customers couldprovide their results from Simulator to whomever they wish. As the name implies, Viewerallows users to view a case with all the ease of Simulator, including all the animation features.However users of Viewer cannot modify the case in any way. You can obtain a free version ofViewer, capable of viewing systems with up to 100,000 buses from the PowerWorld website at

www.powerworld.com.How many other customers do you have?

As of January 2004 we have over 350 different installations worldwide in more than 35countries. Our customers include the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), someof the largest utilities in the world including the Electric Generating Authority of Thailand(EGAT), the Israel Electric Corporation Ltd, ESB National Grid in Ireland, GENER S.A. inChile, the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), Commonwealth Edison, and Carolina Powerand Light, MAIN (a NERC reliability region), an ISO, the U.S. Department of Energy, the USJustice Department, several state regulatory agencies, several consultants and powermarketers, many other utilities, and a number of universities worldwide.

What type of training and technical support is available?One of the advantages of Simulator is that you can get up and running with a minimum oftraining. Formal training however is also very useful and is available. We offer regular trainingcourses about every 3 months in Champaign, Illinois. See the link on our website atwww.powerworld.com for more information. PowerWorld staff is also available for training atyour companies site. If youre interested in having Simulator training at your site pleasecontact by telephone at (217) 384-6330 or by email at info@powerworld.com. Also, pleasenote that every license comes with free technical support, available both by phone (217) 384-6330 and by email at support@powerworld.com.

OK, but how much does it cost? What about upgrades?

A single user commercial license of Simulator is only US$8,000. PowerWorld also offers fiveoptional Add-ons to Simulator: OPF, ATC, PVQV, SimAuto, and SCOPF. And the pricesinclude upgrades and support for one year. Additional licenses are available at a substantialdiscount. Future upgrades are available for a yearly licensing cost of 20% of the list price.

Simulator Base Package Version 10.0 Pricing

Single License $ 8,000

Additional Licenses 2-5 Each $ 4,000

Site1 License (same as 5 licenses) $24,000

Simulator Version 10.0 Add-On ATC PVQV OPF SCOPF SimAutoSingle License $ 4,000 $ 4,000 $ 6,000 $ 2,000 $ 4,000Additional Licenses 2-5 $ 2,000 $ 2,000 $ 3,000 $ 1,000 $ 2,000

Site1License (same as 5 licenses) $12,000 $12,000 $18,000 $6,000 $12,000* For more information on what constitutes a site, contact PowerWorld Corporation atsales@powerworld.com or by phone at (217) 384-6330.

1 For information on what constitutes a site, contact PowerWorld Corporation atsales@powerworld.com or by phone at (217) 384-6330

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Example Pricing

3 licenses to Simulator Base Package:

Price = US$8,000 + 2* US$4,000 = US$16,000

Site License of Simulator with the OPF and ATC Add-ons

Product PriceSimulator Site License US$24,000

OPF Add-on Site License US$18,000SCOPF Add-on Site License US$6,000

Total US$48,000

Site1 license of Simulator with all Add-ons

Product Sub-Total

Simulator Site License Price $24,000

ATC Add-on Site License Price $12,000

PVQV Add-on Site License Price $12,000OPF Add-on Site License Price $18,000

SCOPF Add-on Site License Price $6,000

SimAuto Add-on Site License Price $12,000

Total Price $84,000

For use in university teaching and research only, we have a special 7,000 bus version of thebase package for only US$1,000. This is a campus-wide license and also includes upgradesfor one year. Alternatively university users can order the full commercial license for use inoutside consulting or in performing short courses for a 50% discount.

Are demo/evaluation versions available?

Yes, you can download a free 12 bus version of Simulator from this website atwww.powerworld.com. Just click Download at the top of the home page. You can use thisversion to evaluate many of the features of Simulator. However it is limited to solving caseswith a maximum of 12 buses. Also, our free Viewer package contains much of the Simulatorvisualization capabilities and is also capable of loading systems with up to 100,000 buses.Finally, on a case by case basis we make evaluation versions of the full Simulator packageavailable.

How do I order?

Simulator is simple to order. If you like you can place an order by credit card by calling (217)384-6330. Or you can send a Purchase Order to PowerWorld Corporation, 2001 South FirstStreet, Suite 203, Champaign, IL 61820 or via fax to (217) 384-6329. You may also contactus by email at sales@powerworld.com.