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Update on New Herbicide Options for
Established Alfalfa
Mick Canevari
UCCE Emeritus
Premium Good Fair
$180/Ton= $150/Ton= $100/Ton=
$1260/Ac $1050/Ac $700/Ac
Avg Yield 7 Tons/A
Weeds Affect Hay Quality
Nov 2016
California Hay Report
+ $560/A + $350/A 0
Stand loss
Crop stunting
Weeds No Weeds
Smell, Flavor,
Wild Celery
Mexican Tea
Swinecress
Fleabane
Poison Hemlock
Fiddleneck
Groundsel
High Nitrates
1. Crop Rotation
Reduce weed & disease levels
Grains
Compacted soil
PH & Soil amendments
Laser leveling
Seedbed preparation
Weed management starts before planting.
Seeding Dates Irrigating up
Rainfall unpredictable Fall planting = Sept/October
Spring planting= March/April
Weed control begins at planting
Conditions that favor fast germination & growth.
Mechanical
Animal
Chemical
Weed Control Methods
Sheep Grazing
1. Gramoxone
2. 2,4D-B
3. Sharpen
4. Shark
5. Roundup
6. Poast
7. Raptor
8. Pursuit
9. Select
10. Velpar
11. Chateau
12. Prowl
13. Karmex
14. Solicam
15. Sencor
Post
Pre
“PPO herbicides inhibit chlorophyll
development and destroy cell membranes”
• PPO Inhibitors have limited translocation.
• PPO Inhibitors effect mostly broadleaf plants.
• PPO Inhibitors have little activity on grasses.
• PPO Inhibitors are contact & burn plant tissues
within hours.
Shark & Sharpen
Can we control Quackgrass
Nutsedge
Dodder
Dandelion
Dodder
PPO Herbicide's don't control Perennial Weeds
Gramoxone 14 DAT
Chateau 14 DAT
Shark 7 DAT
Sharpen
7 DAT
PPO herbicides burn foliage
Post Emergence- Weeds up but small.
Burns broadleafs on contact- Not systemic.
No soil residual- Crop rotation issues
Labeled dormant & growing season use.
Some yield loss between cuttings.
Shark
7 days after application
Alfalfa Shark Tolerance Trial
Application Between Cuttings
2015
0 5 10 15 20 25
Shark EW 2.0 oz + Herb Activator
Shark EW 1.0 oz + Herb Activator
Shark EW 2.5 oz + Activator 90
Shark EW 2.0 oz + Activator 90
Shark EW 1.0 oz + Activator 90
UTC
Height 11DAT Height 17DAT Height 24DAT
MICK CANEVARI
UCCE EMERITUS
SAN JOAQUIN
COUNTY
Rate: Prod/A.
Appl: 5-15-15 Activator 90 @ 0.25%
V/V; Herbicide Activator @ 1.0%
V/V.
INCHES
Alfalfa Shark Tolerance Trial
Application Between Cuttings
2015
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000
Shark EW 2.0 oz + Herb Activator
Shark EW 1.0 oz + Herb Activator
Shark EW 2.5 oz + Activator 90
Shark EW 2.0 oz + Activator 90
Shark EW 1.0 oz + Activator 90
UTC
1936
2168
2031
1988
2143
2556
YIELD 24DAT
A
b
b
b
b
b
LSD P=.05
MICK CANEVARI
UCCE EMERITUS
SAN JOAQUIN
COUNTY
Rate: Prod/A.
Appl: 5-15-15 Activator 90 @ 0.25%
V/V; Herbicide Activator @ 1.0%
V/V.
LB/Acre
Sharpen™ Herbicide
• Burndown Chemistry– PPO Inhibitor, Group 14
Control of many toughest broadleaf weeds –
• GROUNDSEL & FLEABANE
Fast and Complete • Controls broadleaf weeds fast
• Not effective on controlling grasses
• Excellent when utilized as a tank mix
partner with soil residual herbicides in
established alfalfa.
Active Ingredient saflufenacil
amaranth spp.
beggarticks, hairy
beggarweed, Florida
bindweed, field*
buckwheat, wild
canola, volunteer
carpetweed
chamomile, mayweed
chickweed, common
cocklebur, common
cockle, corn
copperleaf, Virginia
cowcockle
dandelion*
devil’s-claw
eclipta
eveningprimrose, cutleaf
filaree spp.
fleabane, hairy
galinsoga
groundcherry, cutleaf
groundsel, common
jimsonweed
knotweed, prostrate
kochia
lambsquarters spp.
lettuce, prickly
mallow, Venice
marestail/horseweed
melon spp.
morningglory spp.
mustard spp.
nettle, burning
nightshade spp.
purslane, common
pennycress, field
pigweed spp.
prickly sida/teaweed
puncturevine
ragweed, common & giant
rocket, London
sesbania, hemp
shepherd’s-purse
smartweed spp.
sowthistle spp.
spurge spp.
sunflower, common
tansymustard spp.
thistle, Canada*
thistle, Russian
velvetleaf
waterhemp spp.
willowweed
*Control of seedling stage and suppression of perennial growth stage
Performance may vary depending upon growth stage
Sharpen™ Herbicide Broadleaf Weeds Controlled
Sharpen 2 fl oz +Velpar 32 fl oz + Prowl H2O
3 qts Velpar 32 fl oz
50 Days after application
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Sharpen+Gramoxone+Prowl H2O .045+.5+1.9
Sharpen+Velpar .045+.5
Sharpen+Prowl H2O .045+1.9
Sharpen+Gramoxone .45+.5
Chateau .128
Gramoxone SL .5
Sharpen .0445
Groundsel Fleabane Burning Nettle
Rate: lbs ai/A.
Application: 12-9-15
% Control 90 DAT
SHARPEN
Untreated 7 days after application
Shark & Sharpen Trial ALFALFA WEED CONTROL 2017
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Shark 2.5 oz Sharpen 1.0 oz Sharpen 2.0 oz
Groundsel Shepherds Purse Chickweed An Bluegrass Fleabane
%
Lodi Calif applied 12-6-2016
14 DAT
Sharpen & Shark will control Roundup tolerant weeds
Fleabane
Malva
Nettle Purslane
“The best weed control
is still a healthy stand of alfalfa”
Good Luck in 2017