UPCOMING MARPOL ANNEX VI REQUIREMENTS

UPCOMING MARPOL ANNEX VI REQUIREMENTS TO REDUCE GHG EMISSIONS

June, 2021Andrea Cogliolo | [email protected]

Initial IMO Strategyon GHG emission

reduction

Impact assessment on States of the approved short-

term measures

MEPC 76: adoption short-terms measures (EEXI, SEEMP, CII)

Possible revision of the EU Dir. on Emissions Trading System to include shipping (expected to be not earlier

than 2025)

1/4/2022

Anticipation of EEDI Ph.3 for some type of ships

1 Nov. 2022EEXI, SEEMP and CII

entry into force

Review of IMO Strategy

From 2023 EEDI Phase 3 for all ship types

Review of EEXI and CII requirements

2026

2030Reduction of CO2 per

transport work by at least 40% from 2008 baseline

Reduction of CO2 per transport work by 70%

Reduction of GHG by 50% from 2008 baseline

June 2021 2023

2020-2021

2050

Mid 20212018

On or before1 Jan. 2023 SEEMP for ships of ≥5000

GT to include CII

2023

Mandatory application of CII requirements

2025

IMO GHG strategyRegulatory Framework

TIMELINE

Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI)

Technical measures

Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) Operational

measures New requirements for Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan

(SEEMP)

IMO GHG strategyShort term measures (2018 - 2023)

Entry into force of MARPOL Annex VI amendments

1 November 2022 2030

40% carbon intensity reduction

EEXI - Applicable to bulk carriers, combination carriers, container ships, cruise passenger ships having non-conventional propulsion, gas carriers, general cargo ships, refrigerated cargo carriers, LNG carriers, ro-ro cargo ships, ro-ro cargo ships (vehicle carrier), ro-ro passenger ships and tankers of 400 GT and above engaged in international voyages

Attained EEXI ≤ Required EEXI = (1-Y/100) ×EEDI Reference line value

To be verified at the first annual, intermediate or renewal survey for the IAPP Certificate or the initial survey of the IEEC Certificate, whichever is the first, on or after 1 January 2023.

Technical MeasuresEnergy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI)

EEXI verification process Steps

Att. EEXI ≤

Req.EEXI

YES

NO

Att. EEXI ≤

Req.EEXI

Operational MeasuresSEEMP Requirements

§ Ships of 5.000 GT and above engaged in international voyages§ SEEMP subject to verification and Company audits taking into account the Guidelines which are still to

be developed

SEEMP to include:§ A description of the methodology that will be used to calculate the ship's Attained annual operational

Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) and the processes that will be used to report this value to the ship's flag Administration

§ Required annual operational CII for the next 3 years§ An implementation plan documenting how the Required annual operational CII will be achieved during

the next 3 years; and§ A procedure for self-evaluation and improvement

Confirmation of compliance shall be provided by the Administration/RO and retained onboard on or before 1 January 2023

Operational MeasuresCarbon intensity rating

A

B

C

D

E

Rated D for three years

Rated E in a single year

plan of correctiveactions in SEEMP

Verification by Administration/ROwithin 1 month after reporting the Attained annual operational CII

For ship rated D for 3 consecutive years or rated as E, the Statement of Compliance shall not be issued unless the above actions are carried out.

Guidelines on the operational carbon intensity rating of ships (CII rating guidelines, G4) (Res. MEPC.339(76))

§ for each year from 2023 to 2030, four boundaries are defined for the five-grade rating mechanism (i.e. superior boundary, lower boundary, upper boundary, and inferior boundary)

§ the boundaries are determined by considering the Required annual operational CII and the deviation from this value, which is a function of the ship type and capacity


June, 2021Carlo Aiachini | [email protected]

Technical MeasuresOptions to meet the Required EEXI

Introduction of an Engine Power Limitation (EPL) or Shaft power limitation (ShaPoLi)

Introduction of energy efficient consumers

Reconsideration of Electrical Power Table

Capacity increasing

Speed increasing by means of hydrodynamic improving devices

Innovative energy efficiency technology

main engine(s) CO2 aux. engines CO2 ME efficiency technology CO2 Shaft motor AE eff. devices

EEXI CalculationKey issues

§ Guidelines of the method of calculation of the attained EEDI for new ships - Res. MEPC.308(73) as amended § Guidelines on the method of calculation of the Attained EEXI - Res. MEPC.333(76)§ Guidelines on survey and certification of the EEXI - Res. MEPC.334(76)§ Guidelines on the shaft/engine power limitation system to comply with the EEXI requirements and use of a power reserve - Res. MEPC.335(76)

RINA GUIDE FOR THE EVALUATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY EXISTING SHIP INDEX (EEXI)

§ 75% of MCR§ In case of overridable

ShaPoLi/EPL: 83% of MCRlim) or 75% original MCR, whichever is lower

Power of main engines PME(i)

§ Fixed % or MCRmeCruise and Ro-Ro Pax:§ EPT§ Annual average from

onboard monitoring§ Approximated value

of power of auxiliary engines

Power of auxiliary engines PAE(i)

§ Approved EEDI speed-power

§ Estimated speed-power curve from tank test and/or numerical calculations

§ And/or the sea trial results calibrated by the tank test

§ Approximated value

Ship speedVref

§ Correction factor fj for ro-ro cargo and ro-ro passenger ships (fjRoRo) fixed Froude number, 𝑭𝒏𝑳, with ship design speed at 75% of MCR

§ New capacity correction factor fcVEHICLE for ro-ro cargo (vehicle carrier)

New / updated Correction factors

100; 75

60

66,4

730

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

50 60 70 80 90 100 110

EEXI

effe

ct

Plim

EPL

83%Plim or 75%MCR 75% 80% Series4

OVERRIDABLE ENGINE/SHAFT

POWER LIMITATION

EEXI Calculation:EPL/Shapoli

Reference speed from sea trials + model tests

or numerical calculations (CFD)

EEXI Calculation:Vref

Operational MeasuresCarbon intensity indicators

The Guidelines do not address correction factors for specific ship types and any voyages exclusions (next MEPC)§ Guidelines on operational carbon intensity indicators and the calculation methods - Res. MEPC.336(76)§ Guidelines on the reference lines for use with operational Carbon Intensity Indicators - Res. MEPC.337(76)§ Guidelines and on the operational Carbon Intensity reduction factors relative to reference lines - Res. MEPC.338(76)§ Guidelines on the operational carbon intensity rating of ships - Res. MEPC.339(76)

AER DWT Cargo Ship (Ro-ro cargo ship)

cgDIST GT Pax (Ropax and vehicle carrier)

𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐼𝐼 = 1−𝑍100 𝑥 𝐶𝐼𝐼!"#

𝐴𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐼𝐼 = 𝑓𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝐶𝑂$𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘

Annual reduction factor (flat rate from 2019) Year

5% 2023

7% 2024

9% 2025

11% 2026

Still to be decided 2027-2030Secretariat to finalize the guidelines following recalculations using non-rounded DCS data

𝐶𝐼𝐼%"# = 𝑎 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦&'

Operational MeasuresCarbon intensity requirements

Application: Bulk carriers, gas carriers, tankers, container ships, general cargo ships, refrigerated cargo carriers, combination carriers; ro-ro cargo ships, ro-ro passenger ships, LNG carriers, cruise passenger ships irrespective of their propulsion of 5000GT and above engaged in international voyages

Within March each year

Within May each year

Report to Administration or RO the attained annual operational CII, via electronic communication and using a standardized format

After December each year

Calculation of the attained annual operational CII over a 12-month period from 1 January to 31 December in that calendar year

Verification of the attained annual operational CII against the Required annual operation CII to determine the carbon rating A, B, C, D or E Issue a Statement of Compliance related to fuel oil consumption reporting and operational carbon intensity rating to the ship


June, 2021Maria Garbarini | [email protected]

Ship with sea trial at the design draught

𝑽𝒓𝒆𝒇 = 𝒌𝟏𝟑× 𝑫𝑾𝑻𝑺,𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒊𝒄𝒆

𝑪𝒂𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚

𝟐𝟗×𝑽𝑺,𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒊𝒄𝒆×

𝑷𝑴𝑬𝑷𝑺,𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒊𝒄𝒆

𝟏𝟑 [𝐤𝐧𝐨𝐭]

fj Power correction factor for shuttle tankers with propulsion redundancy

fc Cubic capacity correction factor for chemical tankers

fc Cubic capacity correction factor for bulk carriers designed to carry light cargoes)

fiCSR ; capacity correction factor for ships under the Common Structural Rules (CSR)

Ship type Size Reduction factor

Equivalent to EEDI Phase

Bulk carrierDWT >= 200,000 15 1 +20,000 <=DWT < 200,000 20 210,000 <= DWT < 20,000 0-20 2

TankerDWT >= 200,000 15 1 +20,000 <= DWT < 200,000 20 24,000 <= DWT < 20,000 0-20 2

Container ship

DWT >= 200,000 50 3120,000 <= DWT < 200,000 45 380,000 <= DWT < 120,000 35 2++40,000 <= DWT < 80,000 30 2+15,000 <= DWT < 40,000 20 210,000 <= DWT < 15,000 0-20 2

ENGINE POWER LIMITATION

Focus on EEXI:Bulk carrier, Tanker, Container

ELECTRIC POWER TABLE

Ship type Size Reduction factor

Equivalent EEDI Phase

Ro-ro cargo ship (vehicle carrier) DWT >= 10,000 15 2

Ro-ro cargo shipDWT >= 2,000 5 11,000 <= DWT <2,000 0-5 1

Ro-ro passenger ship DWT >= 1,000 5 1250 <= DWT < 1,000 0-5 1

Cruise passenger ship having non-conventional propulsion

GT >= 85,000 30 325,000 <= GT <85,000 0-30 3

§ EPT§ Annual average

from onboard monitoring

§ Approximated value of power of auxiliary engines

Power of auxiliary engines PAE(i)

§ Correction factor fjfor ro-ro cargo and ro-ro passenger ships (fjRoRo) fixed Froude number, 𝑭𝒏𝑳, with ship design speed at 75% of MCR

Power correction factor fjRoRo

§ New capacity correction factor fcVEHICLE for ro-ro cargo (vehicle carrier)

Capacity correction factor fjVEHICLE

𝑃(),+,, = 0.1193×GT + 1814.4 kW

𝑃(),+,, = 0.866×GT-./0$ kW

Focus on EEXI:Ro-ro & Cruise ships

𝒇𝒄𝑽𝑬𝑯𝑰𝑪𝑳𝑬 =𝐷𝑊𝑇𝐺𝑇0.35

#$.&New and/or efficient designs penalized by

EEXI

Concrete proposal -new capacity

correction factor

Approved and included in EEXI

guidelines

RINA

Italy

Shipowners

Category associations

University FEDERICO II

Focus on EEXI:fcVEHICLE for ro-ro cargo (vehicle carrier)

Focus on CII:Bulk carrier, Tanker, Container

Correction factors Voyage exclusions Cargo maintenance

Ships carrying refrigerated containers (reefers)

Ships with cargo heating/cooling systems

Operation as fuel storage unit

Dynamic positioning operations of shuttle tankers

Heating or cooling systems

Cleaning and inerting

TOR CG - assessment criteria according to MEPC

76/7/23

New set of guidelines (G5) to MEPC 77

To be approved by MEPC 78

Focus on CII:Ro-ro & Cruise ships

Voyage exclusions No distance travelled for a prolonged period

New categorySeparate category for HSC RoPax

Trial CIIs§ Available lower berths§ Lane meters

Terms of reference for the Correspondence Group on Carbon Intensity Reduction

What’s nextReview of the energy efficiency requirements

Complete review of the adopted requirements by 1 January 2026

From the comprehensive impact assessment of short-term measure in order to improve the procedure for conducting future impact assessments.

“Lessonslearned" exercise

On developing countries, especially small island developing States (SIDS) and least developed countries (LDCs)

Review impacts

on States

Enhancement of the enforcement mechanism

Enhancement of the data collection system

Revision of the Z factor and CIIRvalues

Effectiveness in reducing the carbon intensity of international shipping

Reinforced corrective actions including possible additional EEXI requirements

What’s nextMedium and long-term measures

Agreed Workplan for the development of mid and long-term measures§ Developed by 22 Member States§ Approved at MEPC 76§ To be used at next ISWG-GHG it as basis and

guidance to progress on the development of mid and long-term measures

§ Assessment of impacts on StatesInternational Maritime Research and Development Board and Fund§ Resumed at MEPC 77 in November 2022Establishment of a universal mandatory greenhouse gas levy§ Further discussed at ISWG-GHG in September

and October 2022 under Phase I of the work plan

PHASE I§ Collation and initial

consideration of proposals for measures

§ Spring 2021 to spring 2022

PHASE III§ Development of

measures§ Timeline to be

decided in accordance with IMO Strategy

PHASE II§ Assessment and

selection of measures to further develop

§ Spring 2022 to spring 2023

Documents

UPCOMING MARPOL ANNEX VI REQUIREMENTS