Upakari's Spoken English Book

eTT+ e{&\+f....1. {y] kT deqT de V\T T\qT + ^w eTqdTH es*.

4. du\T, deyX\T, MT{+>T\T eT]jTT >T+|\T> #] H\T e{&d+

9. +{ q 3e s>> | s> #~y MT |\\ eT]jTT |+{y] |\\ + ^wt e{&&+ bs+_+#+&.

10. | sp any english paper #\ + ^wtbs |d\qT = #~$ #> + ^wt >eTsY edT+~.

ii

eTTK d#qk d+uwD eTq #T, eTq #TT|\ eqy]

#dT+{eTT. #TT|\ysT eTq \T|= 10 eT+~ HsT.M] VQe#qeTTq d++~+ 5 eT+~, @e#qeTTq d++~+5 eT+~ HsT. | y 10 eT+~ m #TsT n eTq+\TdT= npi> eTq+ nudd n|&T +^w nqsZfi+>e{&>\eTT.

+^w ns\T s e L& +^w ns\ #

sTy &`18 qT+& &`37es q bs\T |dt`2. nq>e&>& #b*. n #_H eTq+ \T>Te{&q+ dT\u+> @ d+\eTT. |sp 90$Tc\T pi{sTT+#+ M\T|&ysT d+ 20 esY 40 y\e s y\qT #|+&.

|d+ bsY`2 nH u>+ q~. B eTq+ sEy]e{&{ e\dq esY, n&esY, n&y, |bwH e&q$.e 56 |J\THsTT. 56 |J\q+{ |sp k] eTqdTH# e{&\qTHysT |d+H &` 1 qT+& &` 17 es q bs\ | ys+&TksT #=|q | |\*. eT]jTT &` 18 qT+& &` 37 es qbs\ y\qT 100 esY |jd | #b*. |sp 30$Tc\bT bsY` 2 y=T\ n+ |P]> #+\ deTjT+ 40 sE\bTpi{sTT+q|& + ^w nqsZfi+> e{&+ M\eT+~.

dpisH' dTHue+T`s#sTT

iv

1. Day-1 1

2. Day-2 7

3. Day-3 16

4. Day-4 19

5. Day-5 29

6. Day-6 32

7. Day-7 35

8. Day-8 38

9. Day-9 43

10. Day-10 47

11. Day-11 52

12. Day-12 54

13. Day-13 56

14. Day-14 64

15. Day-15 67

16. Day-16 72

17. Day-17 82

18. Day-18 93

19. Day-19 97

20. Day-20 101

INDEX

21. Day-21 102

22. Day-22 104

23. Day-23 106

24. Day-24 108

25. Day-25 110

26. Day-26 112

27. Day-27 116

28. Day-28 120

29. Day-29 124

30. Day-30 128

31. Day-31 132

32. Day-32 136

33. Day-33 138

34. Day-34 140

35. Day-35 144

36. Day-36 146

37. Day-37 149

38. Day-38 154

39. Day-39 157

40. Day-40 160

Sl.No Content Page No. Sl.No Content Page No.

PART-1Sentences for practice

Sl.No Content Page No. Sl.No Content Page No.

41. Table-1 169

42. Table-2 171

43. Table-3 173

44. Table of Personal 175

Pronouns

45. Have table 176

46. Indefinite Tense 177

47. Continuous Tense 178

48. Perfect Tense 179

49. Degrees of 180

Comparison

50. A few important 182

verbs

51. Adjectives 194

52. Verbal Prepositions 199

53. Noun Prepositions 203

54. Singular & Plural forms 212

55. Contractions 214

56. Adverbs 217

57. Singular & Plural 223

Numbers

58. Active & Passive Voice 230

(Shortcuts)

59. Be Table 231

PART-2Vocabulary for daily reading

DAY-1

ENGLISH ALPHABET - +> ese\+> uw nseTT\T 26

CAPITAL LETTERS - |

Vowels (n#T\T) 5 - a, e, i, o, uConsonants (V\T\T) - 21

B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z.Pronunciation of letters - nseTT\ #sDs+&T ns\T *dq|&T @ $ #sD +T+~.

B ba = , u be = u/_ bi = _

C ca = , ce = d ci = dD da = &, &, , C gi = , H ha = V, V he = V/Vhi = V

J ja = , C je = C ji = K ka = , ke = ki =

L la = \, le = li = *

M ma = eT, e me = yT mi = $T

N na = q, H ne = H/ ni =

P pa = |, b pe = |/| pi = |2

R ra = s, s re = s/] ri = ]

S sa = d, k se = d/d si = dT ta = , , , { te = f/{ ti = {

V va = e, y ve = y vi = $

W wa = e, y we = y/$ wi = $

Y ya = jT, j ye = jT yi = sTT/sT

Z za = , C ze = C, Jzi =

O OO U

B bo = u boo = T, bu = T,

C co == coo = L cu=, , L

D do =&=, & doo = &, & du = &T, =, > goo = >, >T gu = >T, >

H ho =VA hoo = VQ,VA hu= VQ,VA,V

3

J jo =C, C joo = p ju = E, p,

K ko = =, koo = L ku = , L

L lo =, loo = \ lu = \T, \, \

M mo = yTT, y moo = eT mu=eTT,eT,eT

N no = H=, H noo = q, qT nu = qT,q,q

P po = b, b poo = |P/|n pu = |/|

R ro =s=, s roo = s ru = sT, s, s

S so =k soo = dT, d su = dT, d, d

T to ={ too = , T tu = T, ,

V vo =y, z voo = eP, } vu = e, },

W wo = z woo = } wu =

Y yo = j, jTT yoo = jT yu = jTT

Z zo =C, C zoo = p zu = E4

eT n

seT

T\T @

s&T

$

jja=

jje

=C

jji=

jjo

=C

jjo

o=

p

jju=

E

kka

=

kke

=

kki

=

kko

=

kk

oo=

L

kku

=

lla=

\lle

=

lli=

*llo

=

llo

o=

\

llu=

\T

mm

a=

eT

mm

e=

yT

mm

i=$T

m

mo

=y

m

mo

o=

eT

mm

u=

eTT

nna

=q

nne

=H

nni

=

nno

=H

nnoo

=q

nnu

=qT

rra

=s

rre

=s

rri

=]

rro

=s

rro

o=

s

rru

=sT

ssa

=d

sse

=d

ss

i=

dss

o=

k

sso

o=

d

ssu

=dT

tta=

tte

=f

tti=

{tto

={

tto

o=

ttu=

T

eT n

seT

T\T

gna

=>

tsa

=

pra

=|

kr

i=

mn

a=

eT

glo

=>=

blu

=T

br

o=

u

gra

=>

vy

a=

y

gree

=^

free

=|

tri=

f,

{tre

=f

pr

er=

|tra

=

dra

=+

12. Drop by any time.MT w+, m|&H s+&.

13. Will you have some coffee?MTsT | rdT+{s?

14. Please pass it on.=+#+

yfi sT\ Vq\qT n+^]+#b +~ $dT+> sd]+#e#T. 'No' Answers

1. I am sorry, I was out of town and couldnt make it.HqT }] be&+# s bjqT.

2. I wont be able to attend the function. |+H sHy.

3. Thank you but I fear I may not come.seT |*#sT, u>H +~. s Hy.

4. Please dont mind.

1. Good morning! mother. ! qeTkseTT.2. Good morning! dear son. e]\T es!3. How are you? m eHe?4. I am fine./I'm fine. u>THq+&.5. Good night! mother. Xus, ne!6. Good night! Madam. ne, MTsT u>

4. Please give me your pencil.

dT eT+sT e>\s?

7. Can I speak to him?

HqT n e{&e#TH?

8. Would you mind seeing me again in the morning?

COMPLIMENTSXu+\T

d#q: mesH $jT+ k~+q|&T n_q+~+# d+

1. We were stunned by the news of your mothers sudden death.MT neT>] VsY eTsD+ eTeT* Xw\qT #d+~.

2. What a pity! m+ uT+& | ys.4. How cruel!

m+

COMMANDS|Ps y\T

d#q: 'Imperative sentences' nq> $ +&e#T, = V#] #d$> e+&e#T eT]jTT= eXyTq$> e+&e#TqT eT]jTT C|Ps y\eTw m +{&T { 'you' |j+#sT.1. Go there. n& yfifl.2. Go immediately. =+ yfifl.3. Let me do this. | qqT #jTe.4. Mind your tongue. H{ neT+#+&.7. Dont come in. se>u11. Keep it there. n& |T.12. Listen! $qT.13. Listen to me. HqT #|~ $qT.14. Speak to him. n e{&T.15. Dont make a noise. #|&T #jTe

19. Keep off that subject. $wj m= e+&T.33. Follow me. H y+s.34. Get me some water. H eT+fifl e.35. Dont sit. Lse

DDDDDAAAAAYYYYY-3-3-3-3-3

Xu+\T - GREETINGS1. Xu

8. Te+{ Xu~H\T / |{qsE\T m+{H q+=| |* k~+#\ sT+THqT.Wish you a grand success in your examinations.

12. e >=| $jT+ k~+#\ sT+THqT.Wish you a grand victory!

13. = +{ e d]d+|T>!Wish you a great prosperity in your newly built house!

14. $>!Wish you happy times abroad!

15. sujT \+ mH q | !Wish you grand promotions in future.

16. MT $dj d+> k>T.Wish you a joyous picnic.

17. ybs deyX+ eT+ sjT+ rdTy\sT+THqT.Wish you a nice outcome in the business conference.

17

18. c\qT + qT+ s> jT|&\ H ].Wish you a speedy recovery from illness.

20. J$+ sD+#T.May you prosper in life!I pray to God that you may prosper in life!Let God bless you to prosper in life!

21. u> # u>e+T&T MT |\y os~+#\HqT sT+THqT.I pray to God that He may bless your child with a goodeducation! Let God bless your child with good education!

22. \TThanks! Thank you!Thank you very much! Thanks a lot!Many thanks! Thanks very much!Thats very kind. Good!Nice of you!

23. |q #| \ ] yT #|Not at all! Youre welcome!Welcome! Its a pleasure!Thats all right. O.K.

18


|T. ` Drink.5. Ls. ` Sit.6. \&T. ` Stand.7.

22. |+#T. ` Escape.23. rdT. ` Take.24. e. ` Give.25. e{&T. ` Converse.26. *jTCsTT. ` Convey.27. |jD+#T. ` Travel.28. +~+#T. ` Arrest.29. $&T

37. HsT eTdT. Shut up.38. qqT =T. Beat me.39. + yfifl. Go straight.41. | e{&T. Speak loudly.42. q> e{&T. Speak slowly.43. XeTT> e+&T. Keep quiet.44. u> #> $qT. Listen carefully.47. |sp Vs>TeTT. Be regular.48. u> #Xe. Well done.49. B #sTT. Do it.50. X+> +&T. Be silent.51.

eT&T |sTq d+w+> |dTH&T.` Nagarjuna seems happy.15. s+ bdt #sTT. ` Post this letter.

16. nqT \y&T. ` He is clever.

23

18. nsTqT&T sT #+|qT. ` Arjuna killed Karna.19. w&T +dT #+|qT. ` Krishna killed Kamsa.

20. seTT&T seDT #+|qT. ` Rama killed Ravana.

21. n fsTTHqT n+ b&*. ` Usha must sing.

24. $Tw+ y jTT+&T. ` Wait a minute.

25. #sTT b #b. ` Do or die.

26. | #sTT b n* e+&T.` Work or starve.

27. HqT n nqT+{qT. ` I think so.

28. HqT n qeTTqT. ` I believe so.

29. HqT n qeTTqT. ` I hope so.

30. HqT n sT+{qT. ` I expect so.

31. HqT n kqT. ` I think so.

32. +. ` All the best.

34. = d+es+ q+ e+&*.` Happy new year.

35. qT s+J$. ` This is Chiranjeevi.36. $ |d\T. ` These are books.

37. eTqeTT usrjTT\eTT. ` We are Indians.

24

38. ysT d\T. ` They are soldiers.

39. HqT b&>]. ` I am tall.

40. yT k>dq~. ` She is pretty.

41. yTeTT * eHeTT. ` We are hungry.

42. nqT u\w. ` That is Balakrishna.

43. yT d. ` This is Sita.

44. yT s

57. $ >&=&T>T\T. ` Those are umbrellas.

62. n$ fifl. ` Those are houses.

63. n$ |#T\T. ` Those are sparrows.

64. n$ m&+&T. ` Those are bullock carts.

65. ysT $

76. yTeTT |Hd\eTT. ` We are lecturers.

77. yTeTT sTT\eTT. ` We are unemployed.

78. nqT s$. ` He is Ravi.

79. nqT lqT. ` He is Srinu.

80. nqT ydT. ` He is Vasu.

81. nqT eTTs]. ` He is Murari.

82. yT d. ` She is Sita.

83. y&> eq~. ` It is hot.

84. #\> eq~. ` It is cold.

85. n~ @$T? ` What is that?

86. ~ @$T{? ` What is this?

87. yesT? ` Who are you?

88. HHesT? ` Who am I?

89. yTeTT mesT? ` Who are we?

90. ysesT? ` Who are they?

91. nHesT? ` Who is he?

92. yT mesT? ` Who is she?

93. seTT&esT? ` Who is Rama?

94. seTT&T

95. w&T mesT? ` Who is Krishna?

96. n& mesTHsT? ` Who are there?

97. n& me&TH&T? ` Who is there?

98. me&T e{&TTH&T? ` Who is speaking?

99. e @$T{? ` What are you?

100. nqT

DADADADADAYYYYY-5-5-5-5-5

WORDS ` |yfifl |sT i.e., Sachin, Kareem, James,

Venkatesh, Sunil)Sita ` d (&yfifl |sT

d#q: | y eTTqT s+&TksT | #

20. Are boys not present? u\TsT s?21. He is present. nqT H&T.

22. Is he present? nqT H&?

23. He is not present. nqT &T.24. Is he not present? nqT &?

25. She is present. yT q~.26. Is she present? yT q

DAY-6

WORDS ` |

8. You are not there. MTsT n& sT/qTe n& e.

9. You are everywhere.

MTsT n#{ HsT/qTe n#{ He

10. They are here. ysT & HsT.

11. They are not there. ysT n& sT.

12. They are everywhere. ysT |#{ HsT.

13. Boys are here. u\TsT & HsT.

14. Boys are not there. u\TsT n& sT.

15. Boys are everywhere. u\TsT n#{ HsT.

16. He is here. nqT & H&T.

17. He is not there. nqT n& &T.

18. He is everywhere. n&T n#{ H&T.

19. She is here. yT & q~.

20. She is not there. yT n&

24. It is everywhere. n~ n#{ q~.

25. Rama is here. seTT&T & H&T.

26. Rama is not there. seTT&T n& &T.

27. Rama is everywhere. seTT&T n#{ H&T.

28. Sita is here. d & q~.

29. Sita is not there. d n&

DAY-7

Words - |

Sentences- y\T1. Im (yT) here. HqT & HqT.

2. Am I here? HqT & HH?

3. Im (yT) not there HqT n& qT.4. Am I not here? HqT & H?

5. Were ($jTsY)here. yTeTT & HeTT.6. Are we here? yTeTT & He?7. We arent (s+{/+{) there. yTeTT n& eTT.

8. Arent (s+{/+{) we here? yTeTT & e?9. Youre (jsY) here.MTsT & HsT/qTe & He.10. Are you here? MTsT & Hs?/qTe & Hy?11. You arent (s+{/+{) there.MTsT n& sT/qTe n& e.

12. Arent you there? MTsT n& s?/qTe n& y?

13. Theyre (

21. Hes (VC) here. nqT & H&T.

22. Is he here? nqT & H&?

23. He isnt (C+{) here. nqT n& &T.

24. Isnt he there? nqT n& &?

25. Shes (wC) here. yT & q~.

26. Is she there? yT n& q

DAY-8

Words - |

9. You were there yesterday evening.q kjT+\+ MTsT n& +{].

10. Were you there yesterday evening?q kjT+\+ MTsT n& +{s?

11. Yesterday evening you werent (es+{) there.q kjT+\+ MTsT n& sT.

12. werent (es+{) you there yesterday evening?q kjT+\+ MTsT n& s?

13. They were there yesterday.q ysT n& +&].

14. Were they there yesterday?q ysT n& +&s?

15. They werent (es+{) there yesterday.q ysT n& sT.

16. Werent (es+{) they there yesterday?q ysT n& s?

17. Boys were here yesterday.u\TsT q & +&].

18. Were boys here yesterday?u\TsT q & +&s?

19. Boys werent (es+{) here yesterday.u\TsT q & sT.

40

20. Werent (es+{) the boys here yesterday?q u\TsT & s?

21. He was here 10 minutes ago.10 $Tc\ + nqT & +&qT.

22. Was he here 10 minutes ago?10 $Tc\ eTT+

31. It wasnt (eC+{) there 2 days ago.

s+&T >+\ + n~ n& +\ + n~ n&

DAY -9

Words - |

2. Shall I be there in 10 minutes?HqT |~ $Tc\ n& +{H?

3. I wont (y+{) be here after 10 minutes.HqT |~ $Tc\ sTy & +&qT.

4. We will be there in a minute.yTeTT $Tw+ n& +{eTT.

5. We wont (y+{) be here after a minute.yTeTT $Tw+ sTy & +&eTT.

6. Wont (y+{) we be here after a minute?yTeTT $Tw+ sTy & +&e?

7. You will be there on Monday.MTsT keTys+ n& +{sT.

8. Will you be there on Monday?MTsT keTys+ n& +{s?

9. You wont (y+{) be there on Monday.MTsT keTys+ n& +&sT.

10. Wont (y+{) you be there on Monday?MTsT keTys+ n& +&s?

11. They will be here in the evening.kjT+\+ ysT & +{sT.

12. Will they be here in the evening?kjT+\+ ysT & +{s?

13. They wont (y+{) be here in the evening.ysT kjT+\+ & +&sT.

14. Wont (y+{) they be here in the evening?ysT kjT+\+ & +&s?

44

15. The boys will be here tonight. s u\TsT & +{sT.

16. Will the boys be here tonight? s u\TsT & +{s?

17. The boys wont (y+{) be here tonight. s u\TsT & +&sT.

18. Wont (y+{) the boys be here tonight? s u\TsT & +&s?

19. He will be there in March.e] nqT n& +{&T.

20. Will he be there in March?e] nqT n& +{&?

21. He wont (y+{) be there in the month of March.nqT e] H\ n& +&&T.

22. Wont (y+{) he be there in the month of March?nqT e] H\ n& +&&?

23. She will be in America in 2015.2015 yT nyT] +T+~.

24. Will she be in America in 2015?2015 yT nyT] +T+

28. Will it be here by next year?e# d+es n~ & +T+

DAY -10

Words - |\could #jT>*>qTable #jT>\T>Tam able #jT>\T>T#THqTare able #jT>\T>T#THsTis able #jT>\T>T#TH&T/#Tq~was able #jT>\T>T# +&qTwere able #jT>\T>T# +&](I) will be able to (HqT) #jT>\T>T# +{qT(I) cannot-cant (+{) (HqT) #jT qT.

(Note: can not n yjTL&\qT(I) cant have (HqT) * +& qT(I) could have (HqT) * +&*>qT(I) couldnt have (HqT) * +& bjqT

47

Note: not able unable qT L& y&e#TqT.Can you lift this box? uqT m>\y?

(X keTs eTTqT \T|qT)

Permission ` nqTeT sT y&e#TqT.I) Ex: i) Can I come in sir? HqT |\ se#+&?

ii) Can I borrow your pen? MT |qTqT HqT rdTe#?(Note: Can - Express possibility)

II) Ex: i) Can this be true? (interrogative) ~ + nee#? ii) Can he donate for the Tsunami victims?nqT dTHMT u~T\ kjT+ #jT>\&?

Polite request ` eTsT nqT)V) You could have accepted the offer.

qTe |sYqT n+^]+ +&*+~.

Condition or speculation `q~ b m?VI) Ex: i) Could I get another? +=

d#q: | y eTTqT s+&TksT | |\+&.1. I can do it.

HqT \qT.2. I can swim across the river.

HqT q~ n&+> \qT.3. I can go there alone.

HqT n& +]> yfifl>\qT.4. I can help you.

HqT kjT+ #jT>\qT.5. I can beat you now.

HqT |&T qT =>\qT.6. I can purchase it.

HqT \qT.7. I cant (+{) help you.

HqT kjT+#jT qT.8. I cant (+{) drive this vehicle.

yVH HqT q&| qT.9. I cant (+{) answer your question.

|X HqT de n& yfifl>*>qT.11. I could eat it.

HqT *>qT.12. I could sleep there well last night.

n& > s HqT u> *>qT.13. I am able to walk now.

HqT |&T q&e>\T>TTHqT.

49

14. I am able to study properly.HqT d]> #\T>T#THqT.

15. I am able to earn money.HqT &T\T d+b~+#>\T>T#THqT.

16. I am unable to eat it /I am not able to eat it.HqT $wjT+ dsq C> rdT b.

21. I will be able to study tomorrow.HqT pis| #\T>T# +{qT.

22. I will be able to help him after a week.ys+ sE\ sTy HqT n dVjT+ #jT>\T>TqT.

23. I wont (y+{) be able to drive my vehicle tomorrow.pis| HqT H yVH q&| +& +{qT.

24. I can have it by tomorrow.pis|{ HqT

26. I could have done it yesterday.q *+&y&.

27. I could have helped him yesterday.q n HqT kjT+#jT>* +&y&.

28. I could have punished him 10 minutes ago.|~ $Tc\ + n + +&y&.

29. I could have got a job last month itself.+ H\H HqT eTTqT b+* +&y&.

30. I could have advised you in a proper way.dsq esZ+ HqT MT d\V +&y&.

31. I couldnt (&+{) have it yesterday.q \&T.

36. He can proceed. qT #jTe#T.

37. You can stay there.MTsT n& +&>\sT.

38. Could I meet principal?] \TdTe#?

39. Could I stay here.HqT & +&e#TH?

51

DAY 11

ADVERB SENTENCES= y eTT s+&TksT | |\+&.1. I am walking fast. HqT y>+> q&TdTHqT.

2. Am I walking fast? HqT y>+> q&TdTHH?

3. Im not walking fast. HqT y>+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTHeTT.6. Are we walking fast? yTeTT y>+> q&TdTHe?7. We arent (s+{) walking fast. yTeTT y>+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTHsT.10. Are you walking fast? MTsT y>+> q&TdTHs?11. You arent (s+{) walking fast. MTsT y>+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTHsT.14. Are they walking fast? ysT y>+> q&TdTHs?

15. They arent (s+{) walking fast. ysT y>+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTHsT.

52

18. Are boys walking fast? u\TsT y>+> q&TdTHs?19. Boys arent (s+{) walking fast. u\TsT y>+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTH&T.22. Is he walking fast? nqT y>+> q&TdTH&?23. He isnt (C+{) walking fast. nqT y>+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTq~.26. Is she walking fast? yT y>+> q&TdTq+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTq~.30. Is it walking fast? n~ y>+> q&TdTq+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTH&T.34. Is Rama walking fast? seTT&T y>+> q&TdTH&?35. Rama isnt (C+{) walking fast.seTT&T y>+> q&ef+> q&ef+> q&TdTq~.38. Is Sita walking fast? d y>+> q&TdTH+> q&ef+> q&ef


A few sentences with adjectives= y eTT s+&TksT | |\+&.1. I am intelligent. HqT yT

22. Am I not a coward ? HqT |]y&qT H?23. We are not poor. yTeTT |

DAY-13

A few sentences with prepositions.= y eTT s+&TksT | |\+&.

1. I saw Ravi in the library.HqT s$ #XqT.

2. Rama married Sita on this day.seTT&T dqT sEq |+& #dT=H&T.

3. Your book is on the table. |deTT fT MT

10. The ring is made of gold. +>seTT +>s+ #jT&q~.

11. Rama is a man of word.seTT&T e |y&T.

12. She went to buy vegetables.yT Ls>jT\T =q& y[fl+~.

13. He has come to teach me.nqT H uT& Zs \T q~.

17. Come and Sit by me.e H |q Ls.

18. Ravana was killed by RamaseDT&T seTT # eTsD+#&T.

19. I can pass I.A.S.exam through hard work.w|& #

21. He is with you, why do you worry?nqT H&T. e m+

32. We vote for him.yTeTT n zT ykeTT.

33. She is about to marry.yT |[fl e\d e+~.

34. The broom is behind the door.N|sT \T| yq\ +~.

35. She will come to rescue me without fail.yT |+& qqT sdT+~.

36. The fan is above my head.H \| d]>Z bH +~.

37. Ravi parked his car across the road.s$ q sT s&T n&+> |{&T.

38. Besides being a teacher, he is a poet.nqT {#pisT+sT eT]jTT >T&y& eT

43. The teacher complained against the student.$ {#sY |suw HsTe& e d{ s+&.

45. I got good knowledge out of this book. |d+qT+& HqT eT+ CqeTTqT b+ V+#&T.

53. The train will arrive within five minutes.s\T 5 $Tc edT+~.

60

54. Keep your expenses within your income.

65. Veena sat on the bench.M& u+|q LsT+~.

66. The cat jumped upon the rat.|* m\T MT+\ yfifl&T.

72. It is about four now.f+ H\T>T edT+~.

73. Seshu will return in a week.Xw ys+ ]ek&T.

74. Ravi will return within a week.s$ ys+ eTT+

76. The police rushed at the naxals.bdT\T qy| |sT>sT.

77. She will come at 9O Clock.yT 9 >+\ edT+~.

78. You must come to college in time.|d]> MTsT fiX\ f+ sy*.

79. She found me at play.yT qqT {& Zs *d+~.

80. She is good at singing.yT b\T b&&+ u>T+~.

81. The audience were overwhelmed at Chirus performance.|\T s+J$ qq Xs bjsT.

82. She is with her husband.yT q us q~.

83. Fill the petrol tank with 5 litres. {+qT 5 s |{ +|.

84. I didnt write with such a costly pen.n+ K

DAY-14

Sentences with helping verbs.There are 23 helping verbs.

1. Am 2. Is 3. Are 4. Was

5. Were 6. Being 7. Been 8. Be

9. Have 10. Has 11. Had 12. Do

13. Does 14. Did 15. Shall 16. Should

17. Will 18. Would 19. May 20. Might

21. Must 22. Can 23. Could

Sentences formed with helping verbsdVjT jT\T| y eTT s+&TksT | |\+&.1. I am walking.

HqT q&TdTHqT.

2. He is walking.nqT q&TdTH&T.

3. We are walking.yTeTT q&TdTHeTT.

4. I was playing cricket in the morning.HqT

5. We were playing foot ball in the evening.yTeTT kjT+\eTT |{u &T e+{$T.

6. I am being advised by Ramesh.H syTwt d\V d eH&T.

7. I have been scolded by my boss.qqT H jTe |& {&T.

8. I will be taking my exam at this time tomorrow .pis| deTj HqT | sd e+{qT.

9. I have eaten a mango just now.HqT e$T&|+&T (|&) HqT.

10. He has beaten Ravi.&T s$ (|&) ={&T.

11. I had helped him yesterday before you came.q qTe e#eTT+ & ed e+{&?

14. Did you take your exam yesterday?q qTe | yXy?

15. Shall we make a move?eTq+

16. You should attend that party tomorrow.

pis| qTe b |d]> sy*.

17. He will you meet tomorrow.

pis| qT nqT \Tk&T.

18. Would you mind opening the window?

{ se& MTpis$T nqTsT>?

19. He may help you.

nqT dVjT+ #jTe#T.

20. He might be coming here now.

nqT |&T & ed e+{&T.

21. You must go there.

qTe |d]> n& yfifl*.

22. I can go there alone.

HqT n& +]> yfifl>\qT.

23. I could sleep there last night.

HqT >s n& *>qT.

66

DAY -15

A few sentences ` = y\T| y eTT s+&TksT | |\+&.1. Have to / has to - #j*.

a. I have to go there ` HqT n& yfifl*.b. He has to come here. ` nqT & sy*.

2. Had to ` #j* e+~.a. I had to take wine in that function.HqT |+H yH rdTy* e+~.b. He had to marry her.nqT yTqT |[fl #dTy* e+~.

3. Will have to ` #j* e+T+~.a. I will have to beat him tomorrow for his misbehaviour. nqT #dq

6. I saw him go there.nqT n& yfifl&+ HqT #XqT.

7. I saw him going there.nqT n& yfiS e+&& HqT #XqT.

8. He is too weak to walk.nqT q&e q+ \Vq+> eH&T.

9. He is a university student.nqT $X$

17. I like to listen to the radio.

H pis&j $q&+ w+.

18. I am thirty five years old.

H 35 d+es\ ejTdT.

19. I know nothing. H @MT *jT

32. If you read well, you will pass.e u> #~$, e rsT&e nee.

33. If he had worked hard, he would have passed.nqT u> w|&e+f, nqT bd e+&y&T.

34. If you come there I will come.HqT n& ed e eke.

35. If I asked him, he would help me.HqT n&e+f, nqT dVjT+ #d e+&y&T.

36. If I had not asked him for help, he would not have helped me.HqT n dVjT+ d+ n&>bsTTe+f, nqT H dVjT+#d e+&y&T *$>\ u\T&T.

40. Ramesh is cleverer than any other boy in the class.(Comparative Degree)s> >~ u\Ts+\y&T.

41. No other boy in the class is as clever as Ramesh(Positive Degree)s> @ u\T&T syTwt n+ *$>\y&T

42. Very few boys in the class are as clever as Ramesh.s> # eeT+~ u\TsT syTwt n+ *$>\ysT.

43. I have no money to spend.KsT #jT& H Zs &T >T e+&y&.

45. Have Has } + V3 ` |& ]q |qT\qT \T|qT.(Present Perfect)

a. I have eaten a mango.HqT (|&) e$T&|+&T HqT.

b. He has come here.nqT (|&) & e#&T.

46. I would have helped him.HqT n dVjT+ #d e+& y&.

47. I might have helped him.HqT (VQX) n dVjT+ #d e+&e#T.

48. I could have helped him.HqT n dVjT+ #jT>* e+&y&.

49. I must have helped him.HqT n |d]> dVjT+ #d e+&y&.

50. I should have helped him

HqT n dVjT+ #d e+f u>T+&~.71

DAY-16

@ d+Te e&q240 y\qT u> bdt #d d]bT+~. &uT +& s>eTq+ + ^w e{&>\T>TeTT. { 240 y\qT 10esY y\qT | |\+&.

V1 V2 V3see saw seen

speak spoke spokensleep slept sleptinvite invited invitedsend sent sent

1. I am walking. HqT q&TdTHqT.2. We are walking. yTeTT q&TdTHeTT.3. You are walking. MTsT q&TdTHsT4. They are walking. ysT q&TdTHsT.5. Boys are walking. u\TsT q&TdTHsT6. He is walking. nqT q&TdTH&T.7. She is walking. yT q&TdTq~.8. It is walking. n~ q&TdTq~.9. Rama is walking. seTT&T q&TdTH&T.10. Sita is walking. d q&TdTq~.11. Am I walking ? HqT q&TdTHH?12. Are we walking ? yTeTT q&TdTHe?13. Are you walking ? MTsT q&TdTHs?/e q&TdTHy?

72

14. Are they walking ? ysT q&TdTHs?15. Are boys walking ? u\TsT q&TdTHs?17. Is he walking ? nqT q&TdTH&?18. Is she walking ? yT q&TdTq

39. Isnt Rama walking ? seTT&T q&e&+

64. They didnt walk. ysT q&e

89. Rama will walk. seTT&T q&Tk&T.90. Sita will walk. dq&TdT+~.91. Shall I walk? HqT q&TkH?92. Shall we walk? yTeTT q&Tke?93. will you walk? MTsT q&Tks?/ e q&Tky?94. Will they walk? ysT q&Tks?95. Will boys walk? u\TsT q&TksT?96. Will he walk? nqT q&Tk&T?97. Will she walk? yT q&TdT+

114. Wont they walk? ysT q&es?115. Wont boys walk? u\TsT q&es?116. Wont he walk? nqT q&e&.?117. Wont She walk? yT q&e

139. Was Rama walking? seTT&T q&Td +&H?140. Was Sita walking? d q&Td +&H?141. I wasnt walking. HqT q&Td +&

164. They will be walking. ysT q&Td +{sT.165. Boys will be walking. u\TsT q&Td +{sT.166. He will be walking. nqT q&Td +{&T.167. She will be walking. yT q&Td +T+~.168. It will be walking. n~ q&Td +T+~.169. Rama will be walking. seTT&T q&Td +{&T.170. Sita will be walking. d q&Td +T+~.171. Will I be walking? HqT q&Td +{H?172. Will we be walking? yTeTT q&Td +{e?173. Will you be walking ? MTsT q&Td +{s?174. Will they be walking? ysT q&Td +{s?175. Will boys be walking ? u\TsT q&Td +{s?176. Will he be walking ? nqT q&Td +{&?177. Will she be walking ? yT q&Td +{&?178. Will it be walking ? n~ q&Td +T+

190. Sita wont be walking ? d q&Td +&

216. Does he walk? nqT q&Tk&?217. Does she walk? yT q&TdT+

DAY-17

@ d+Te e&q240 y\qT u> bdt #d d]bT+~. &uT +& s>eTq+ + ^w e{&>\T>TeTT. { 240 y\qT 10Verbs y\qT | |\+&.

V1 V2 V3walk walked walkedrun ran run

read read readwrite wrote writteneat ate eatendrink drank drunkgo went gonecome came come

sit sat satstand stood stood

PRESENT CONTINUOUS SENTENCES1. I am walking. HqT q&TdTHqT.2. We are walking. yTeTT q&TdTHeTT.3. You are walking. MTsT q&TdTHsT4. They are walking. ysT q&TdTHsT.5. Boys are walking. u\TsT q&TdTHsT6. He is walking. nqT q&TdTH&T.7. She is walking. yT q&TdTq~.8. It is walking. n~ q&TdTq~.

82

9. Rama is walking. seTT&T q&TdTH&T.10. Sita is walking. d q&TdTq~.11. Am I walking ? HqT q&TdTHH?12. Are we walking ? yTeTT q&TdTHe?13. Are you walking ? MTsT q&TdTHs?/e q&TdTHy?14. Are they walking ? ysT q&TdTHs?15. Are boys walking ? u\TsT q&TdTHs?17. Is he walking ? nqT q&TdTH&?18. Is she walking ? yT q&TdTq

33. Arent you walking ? MTsT q&e&+

56. Did he walk? nqT q&?57. Did she walk? yT q&+

80. Didnt Sita walk? d q&e

104. They wont walk. ysT q&esT.105. Boys wont walk. u\TsT q&esT.106. He wont walk. nqT q&e&T.107. She wont walk. yT q&e

128. It was walking. n~ q&Td +&qT.129. Rama was walking. seTT&T q&Td +&qT.130. Sita was walking. d q&Td +&qT.131. Was I walking? HqT q&Td +{H?132. Were we walking? yTeTT q&Td +{e?133. Were you walking?MTsT q&Td +{s?/e q&Td +{y?134. Were they walking? ysT q&Td +&s?135. Were boys walking? u\TsT q&Td +&s?136. Was he walking? nqT q&Td +&H?137. Was she walking? yT q&Td +&H?138. Was It walking? n~ q&Td +&H?139. Was Rama walking? seTT&T q&Td +&H?140. Was Sita walking? d q&Td +&H?141. I wasnt walking. HqT q&Td +&

153. Werent you walking? MTsT q&Td +&

175. Will boys be walking ? u\TsT q&Td +{s?176. Will he be walking ? nqT q&Td +{&?177. Will she be walking ? yT q&Td +{&?178. Will it be walking ? n~ q&Td +T+

197. Wont She be walking? yT q&Td +&

219. Does Rama walk? seTT&T q&Tk&?220. Does Sita walk? d q&TdT+

30. Sita doesnt walk? - d (|&T/sp) q&e

NEGATIVE SENTENCES

21. I am not walking. - HqT q&ef

NEGATIVE QUESTIONS31. Am I not (Arent`s+{) walking. - HqT q&ef

DAY-20

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS SENTENCESNote:169e |JqTq Table-1 100 verbs rdT= +~y\e y\qT | |\+&.1. I have been walking.- HqT (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH eHqT.

(I |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)2. We have been walking.-yTeTT (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH eHeTT.

(We |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)3. You have ben walking.-MTsT(#d|{qT+&) q&TdH eHsT.

qTe (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH eHe.(You |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)

4. They have been walking.-ysT(#d|{qT+&)q&TdH eHsT.(They |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)

5. Boys have been walking. - u\TsT (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH eHsT.(Boys |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)

6. He has been walking.-n&T (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH eH&T.(He |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)

7. She has been walking.-yT (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH eq~.(She |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)

8. It has been walking.-n~ (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH q~.(It |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)

9. Rama has been walking.-seTT&T (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH eH&T.(Rama |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)

10. Sita has been walking. -d (#d|{qT+&) q&TdH q~.(Sita |jd 100 verbs 100 y\qT | #|+&)

101

DAY- 21

Note:173e |JqTq Table-3 100 verbs rdT= +~y\e y\qT | |\+&.Have

Has Walked (V3)Walk - Walked - Walked

1. I have walked (V3) HqT (|&) qqT). (100 Verbs)(H{: |& n | #

16. Has he walked (V3)? n&T (|&) q&? (100 Verbs)17. Has she walked (V3)? yT (|&) q&+

DAY-22

PASSIVE VOICE - sD |j>eTT


1. I am advised (V3). H d\V #sT.2. We are advised (V3). e d\V #sT.3. You are advised. MT d\V #sT.4. They are advised. y] d\V #sT.5. Boys are advised. u\Ts d\V #sT.6. He is advised. n d\V #sT.7. She is advised. yT d\V #sT.8. It is advised.

19. Is Rama advised? seTT d\V #s?

20. Is Sita advised? d d\V #s?

21. I'm not advised. H d\V e


PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (PASSIVE FORMS)

Note:173e |JqTq Table-3 100 verbs rdT= +~y\e y\qT | |\+&.1. I am being advised. H d\V d eHsT.2. We are being advised. e d\V d eHsT.3. You are being advised. MT d\V d eHsT.4. They are being advised. y] d\V d eHsT.5. Boys are being advised. u\Ts d\V d eHsT.6. He is being advised. n d\V d eHsT.7. She is being advised. yT d\V d eHsT.8. It is being advised.

19. Is Rama being advised? seTT d\V d eHs?20. Is Sita being advised? d d\V d eHs?21. I'm not being advised. H d\V d e+&


(PRESENT PERFECT TENSE) (PASSIVE FORMS)Note: 173e |JqTq Table-3 100 verbs rdT= +~ y\e y\qT | |\+&.1. I have been advised. H (|&) d\V #sT.

2. We have been advised. e (|&) d\V #sT.

3. You have been advised. /MT (|&) d\V #sT

4. They have been advised. y](|&) d\V #sT.

5. Boys have been advised. u\Ts (|&) d\V #sT.

6. He has been advised. n (|&) d\V #sT.

7. She has been advised. yT (|&) d\V #sT.

8. It has been advised.

19. Has Rama been advised? seTT (|&) d\V #s?

20. Has Sita been advised. d (|&) d\V #s?

21. I havent been advised. H(|&T) d\V e

DAY-25

(Simple Past Tense) -ACTIVE VOICENote: 171e |JqTq Table-2 100 verbs rdT= +~ y\e y\qT | |\+&.1. I walked (V2) yesterday. HqT q qqT.2. We walked (V2) yesterday. yTeTT q qeTT.3. You walked (V2) yesterday. q MTsT qsT.4. They walked (V2) yesterday. q ysT qsT.5. Boys walked (V2) yesterday. u\TsT q qsT.6. He walked (V2) yesterday. q nqT q&T.7. She walked (V2) yesterday. q yT q&+~.8. It walked (V2) yesterday. q n~ q&+~.9. Rama walked (V2) yesterday. seTT&T q q&T.10. Sita walked (V2) yesterday. d q q&+~.11. Did I walk yesterday? q HqT qH?

12. Did we walk yesterday? q yTeTT qe?

13. Did you walk yesterday? q qTe qy?

14. Did they walk yesterday? ysT q qs?

15. Did boys walk yesterday? u\TsT q qs?

16. Did he walk yesterday? n&T q qs?

17. Did she walk yesterday? q yT q&+

19. Did Sita walk yesterday? d q q&+

DAY-26

ACTIVE VOICE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE


H{: +

9. Rama was walking yesterday.seTT&T q q&Td +&qT.

10. Sita was walking yesterday.d q q&Td +&qT.

11. Was I walking yesterday?q q&Td +{H?

12. Were we walking yesterday?q yTeTT q&Td +{e?

13. Were you walking yesterday?q MTsT q&Td +&s?/ q e q&Td +{y?

14. Were they walking yesterday?ysT q q&Td +{s?

15. Were boys walking yesterday?u\TsT q q&Td +&s?

16. Was he walking yesterday?nqT q q&Td +&H?

17. Was she walking yesterday?yT q q&Td +&H?

18. Was it walking yesterday?n~ q q&Td +&H?

19. Was Rama walking yesterday?seTT&T q q&Td +&H?

113

20. Was Sita walking yesterday?d q q&Td +&H?

21. I wasnt walking yesterday.HqT q q&Td +&

31. Wasnt I walking yesterday?q HqT q&Td +&

DAY-27

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

(Generally used with since & for combinations)

H{: +

9. Rama had been walking yesterday.seTT&T q (#d|) q&Td +&qT.

10. Sita had been walking yesterday.d q (#d|) q&Td +&qT.

11. Had I been walking yesterday?q HqT (#d|) q&Td +{H?

12. Had we been waling yesterday?q yTeTT (#d|) q&Td +{e?

13. Had you been walking yesterday?q MTsT (#d|) q&Td +{s?

14. Had they been walking yesterday?ysT q (#d|) q&Td +&s?

15. Had boys been walking yesterday?u\TsT q (#d|) q&Td +&s?

16. Had he been walking yesterday?nqT q (#d|) q&Td +&s?

17. Had she been walking yesterday?q yT (#d|) q&Td +&H?

18. Had it been walking yesterday?q n~ (#d|) q&Td +&H?

19. Had Rama been walking yesterday?q seTT&T (#d|) q&Td +&H?

117

20. Had Sita been walking yesterday?q d (#d|) q&Td +&H?

21. I hadnt been walking yesterday.q HqT (#d|) q&Td +&

31. Hadnt I been walking yesterday?

q HqT (#d|) q&Td +&

DAY 28

Past Perfect Tense

H{: +

9. Rama had walked there before he came.nqT e#eTT+

20. Had Sita walked there before he came?nqT e#eTT+

31. Hadnt I walked there before he came?

nqT e#eTT+

DAY-29

Passive Voice - Simple Past Tense

H{: +

9. Rama was advised yesterday.q seTT d\V #sT.

10. Sita was advised yesterday.q d d\V #sT.

11. Was I advised yesterday?q H d\V #s?

12. Were we advised yesterday?q e d\V #s?

13. Were you advised yesterday?q MT d\V #s?

14. Were they advised yesterday?q y] d\V #s?

15. Were boys advised yesterday?q u\Ts d\V #s?

16. Was he advised yesterday?q n d\V #s?

17. Was she advised yesterday?q yT d\V #s?

18. Was it advised yesterday?q

20. Was Sita advised yesterday?

q d d\V #s?

21. I wasnt advised yesterday.

q H d\V e

30. Sita wasnt advised yesterday.

q d d\V e

DAY-30

Passive Voice Past Continuous Tense

H{: +

8 It was being advised yesterday at that time.q

19 Was Rama being advised yesterday at that time?q seTT deTjT+ d\V d eHs?

20 Was Sita being advised yesterday at that time?q d deTjT+ d\V d eHs?

21 I wasnt being advised yesterday at that time.q H deTjT+ d\V d +&

30 Sita wasnt being advised yesterday at that time.q d deTjT+ d\V d +&

DAY-31

PASSIVE VOICE PAST PERFECT TENSE


1 I have been advised yesterday morning before came.

q

10 Sita had been advised yesterday morning before he came.

q

21 I hadnt been advised yesterday morning before he came.

q

32 Hadnt we been advised yesterday morning before he came?

q


ACTIVE VOICE SIMPLE FUTURE


1. I will walk tomorrow. pis| HqT q&TkqT.

2. We will walk tomorrow. pis| yTeTT q&TkeTT.

3. You will walk tomorrow. pis| MTsT q&TksT.

4. They will walk tomorrow. pis| ysT q&TksT.

5. Boys will walk tomorrow. pis| u\TsT q&TksT.

6. He will walk tomorrow. pis| nqT q&Tk&T.

7. She will walk tomorrow pis| yT q&TdT+~.

8. It will walk tomorrow. pis| n~ q&TdT+~.

9. Rama will walk tomorrow. pis| seTT&T q&Tk&T.

10. Sita will walk tomorrow. pis| d q&TdT+~.

11. Shall I walk tomorrow? pis| HqT q&TkH?

12. Shall we walk tomorrow? pis| d q&TdT+

19. Will Rama walk tomorrow? pis| seTT&T q&Tk&?

20. Will Sita walk tomorrow pis| d q&TdT+

DAY-33

FUTURE CONTINUOUS SENTENCES(WITH TIME FACTOR 'AT THIS TIME' TO THE EVERY GIVEN SENTENCE)

Note: 169e |JqTq Table-1 100 verbs rdT= +~ y\e y\qT | |\+&.1. I will be walking tomorrow.(at this time) pis| HqT q&Td +{qT.

2. We will be walking tomorrow. pis| yTeTT q&Td +{eTT.

3. You will be walking tomorrow. pis| MTsT q&Td +{sT.

4. They will be walking tomorrow. pis| ysT q&Td +{sT.

5. Boys will be walking tomorrow. pis| u\TsT q&Td +{sT.

6. He will be walking tomorrow. pis| n&T q&Td +{&T.

7. She will be walking tomorrow. pis| yT q&Td +T+~.

8. It will be walking tomorrow. pis| n~ q&Td +T+~.

9. Rama will be walking tomorrow. pis| seTT&T q&Td +{&T.

10. Sita will be walking tomorrow. pis| d q&Td +T+~.

11. Will you be walking tomorrow? pis| MTsT q&Td +{s?

12. Will they be walking tomorrow? pis| ysT q&Td +{s?

13. Will boys be walking tomorrow? pis| u\TsT q&Td +{s?

14. Will he be walking tomorrow? pis| nqT q&Td +{&?

15. Will she be walking tomorrow? pis| yT q&Td +T+

19. I wont be walking tomorrow. pis| HqT q&Td +&qT.

20. We wont be walking tomorrow. pis| yTeTT q&Td +&eTT.

21. You wont be walking tomorrow. pis| MTsT q&Td +&sT.

22. They wont be walking tomorrow. pis| ysT q&Td +&sT.

23. Boys wont be walking tomorrow. pis| u\TsT q&Td +&sT.

24. He wont be waking tomorrow. pis| nqT q&Td +&&T.

25. She wont be walking tomorrow. pis| yT q&Td +&

DDDDDAAAAAY34Y34Y34Y34Y34

FUTURE PERFECT SENTENCES


1. I will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj HqT 10 yTfifl qd e+{qT.

2. We will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time .

pis| deTj yTeTT 10 yTfifl qd e+{eTT.

3. You will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj MTsT 10 yTfifl qd e+{sT.

4. They will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj ysT 10 yTfifl qd e+{sT.

5. Boys will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj u\TsT 10 yTfifl qd e+{sT.

6. He will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj nqT 10 yTfifl qd e+{&T.

7. She will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj yT 10 yTfifl qd e+T+~.

8. It will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj n~ 10 yTfifl qd e+T+~.

9. Rama will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj seTT&T 10 yTfifl qd e+{&T.140

10. Sita will have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj d 10 yTfifl qd e+T+~.

11. Will you have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj MTsT 10 yTfifl q& e+{s?

12. Will they have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj ysT 10 yTfifl q& e+{s?

13. Will boys have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj u\TsT 10 yTfifl q& e+{s?

14. Will he have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj nqT 10 yTfifl q& e+{&?

15. Will she have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj yT10 yTfifl q& e+T+

21. You wont have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj MTsT 10 yTfifl q& e+&sT.

22. They wont have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj ysT 10 yTfifl q& e+&sT.

23. Boys wont have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj u\TsT 10 yTfifl q& e+&sT.

24. He wont have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj n&T 10 yTfifl q& e+&&T.

25. She wont have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj yT 10 yTfifl q& e+&

32. Wont they have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| ysT deTj 10 yTfifl q& e+&s?

33. Wont boys have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| u\TsT deTj 10 yTfifl q& e+&s?

34. Wont he have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| nqT deTj 10 yTfifl q& e+&&?

35. Wont she have walked 10 miles tomorrow by this time?

pis| yT deTj 10 yTfifl q& e+&

DAY-35

PASSIVE VOICE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

Note: 173e |JqTq Table-3 100 verbs rdT= +~ y\e y\qT | |\+&.1. I will be advised tomorrow. pis| H d\V ksT.

2. We will be advised tomorrow. pis| e d\V ksT.

3. You will be advised tomorrow. pis| MT d\V ksT.

4. They will be advised tomorrow. pis| y] d\V ksT.

5. Boys will be advised tomorrow. pis| u\Ts d\V ksT.

6. He will be advised tomorrow. pis| n d\V ksT.

7. She will be advised tomorrow. pis| yT d\V ksT.

8. It will be advised tomorrow. pis|

19. Will Rama be advised tomorrow? pis| seTT d\V ks?

20. Will Sita be advised tomorrow? pis| d d\V ks?

21. I wont be advised tomorrow. pis| H d\V esT.

22. We wont be advised tomorrow. pis| e d\V esT.

23. You wont be advised tomorrow. pis| MT d\V esT.

24. They wont be advised tomorrow. pis| y] d\V esT.

25. Boys wont be advised tomorrow. pis| u\Ts d\V esT.

26. He wont be advised tomorrow. pis| n d\V esT.

27. She wont be advised tomorrow. pis| yT d\V esT.

28. It wont be advised tomorrow. pis|


PASSIVE VOICE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Note: 173e |JqTq Table-3 100 verbs rdT= +~ y\e y\qT | |\+&.1. I will have been advised tomorrow by this time

pis| deTj H d\V #d e+{sT.2. We will have been advised tomorrow by this time

pis| deTj e d\V #d e+{sT.3. You will have been advised tomorrow by this time

pis| deTj MT d\V #d e+{sT.4. They will have been advised tomorrow by this time

pis| deTj y] d\V #d e+{sT.5. Boys will have been advised tomorrow by this time

pis| deTj u\Ts d\V #d e+{sT.6. He will have been advised tomorrow by this time

pis| deTj n d\V #d e+{sT.7. She will have been advised tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj yT d\V #d e+{sT.8. It will have been advised tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj

13. Will you have been advised tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj MT d\V #d e+{s?14. Will they have been advised tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj y] d\V #d e+{s?15. Will boys have been advised tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj u\Ts d\V #d e+{s?16. Will he have been advised tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj n d\V #d e+{s?17. Will she have been advised tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj yT d\V #d e+{s?18. Will it have been advised tomorrow by this time?

pis| deTj

27. She wont have been advised tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj yT d\V e+&sT.28. It wont have been advised tomorrow by this time.

pis| deTj

DAY-37

PRESENT TENSE(Active Voice & Passive Voice)

H{: | y eTTqT s+&TksT | |\e qT.ACTIVE VOICE1. I walk. HqT (|&T) q&TkqT.2. Do I walk? HqT (|&T) q&TkH?3. I dont walk. HqT (|&T) q&eqT.4. Dont I walk? HqT (|&T) q&eH?5. He walks. nqT (|&T) q&Tk&T.6. Does he walk? nqT (|&T) q&Tk&?7. He doesnt walk. nqT (|&T) q&e&T.8. Doesnt he walk? nqT (|&T) q&e&?9. I am walking. HqT q&Td HqT.10. Am I walking? HqT q&TdTHH?11. I am not walking. HqT q&e&+

20. Hasnt he walked? nqT (|&) q&e ) q&TdHeHqT.22. Have I been walking?HqT (#d|T+) q&TdH eHH?23. I havent been walking. HqT (#d|T+) q&e&+

PAST TENSE`u\eTT

ACTIVE VOICE

1. I walked. HqT qqT.

2. Did I walk? HqT qH?3. I didnt walk. HqT q&e

PASSIVE VOICE

20. Hadnt I been walking? HqT (#d| q&Td) +&

6. Will I be walking? HqT q&Td +{H?7. I wont be walking. HqT q&Td +&qT.8. Wont I be walking? HqT q&Td +&H?9. I shall have walked. HqT (n|{) q&+{qT.10. Shall I have walked? HqT (n|{) q& +{H?11. I wont have walked. HqT (n|{) q&+&qT.12. Wont I have walked? HqT (n|{) q& +&H?13. I will have been walking. HqT q&Td +{qT.14. Will I have been walking. HqT q&Td +{H?15. I wont have been walking. HqT q&Td +&qT.16. Wont I have been walking? HqT q&iTd +&H?

PASSIVE VOICE17. I shall be advised. H (pis|) d\V ksT.18. Shall I be advised? H (pis|) d\V ks?19. I wont be advised? H (pis|) d\V esT.20. Wont I be advised? H (pis|) d\V es?21. I shall have been advised.H (pis| b{) d\V +{sT.22. Shall I have been advised?H (pis| b{) d\V +{s?

23. I wont have been advised.H (pis| b{) d\V +&sT.24. Wont I have been advised?H (pis| b{) d +&sT.

153

DAY-38

H{: | y eTTqT s+&TksT | |\e qT.

PRESENT TENSE

1. He speaks English.

2. Does he speak English?

3. He doesnt speak English.

4. Doesnt he speak English.

5. I am selling fruits.

6. Am I selling fruits.

7. He isnt selling fruits.

8. Isnt he selling fruits?

9. He has written a letter.

10. Has he written a letter?

11. He hasnt written a letter.

12. Hasnt he written a letter?

13. Rama has been living there for two years.

14. Has Rama been living there for two years.

15. Rama hasnt been living there for two years.

16. Hasnt Rama been living there for two years.

154

PAST TENSE

17. He killed the dog.

18. Did he kill the dog?

19. He did not (didnt) kill the dog.

20. Didnt he kill the dog?

21. He was listening to the song.

22. Was he listening to the song?

23. He wasnt listening to the song.

24. Wasnt he listening to the song?

25. He had finished the work.

26. Had he finished the work?

27. He hadnt finished the work.

28. Hadnt he finished the work?

29. He had been living there for two years.

30. Had he been living there for two years?

31. He hadnt been living there for two years.

32. Hadnt he been living there for two years.

155

FUTURE TENSE

33. He will read the novel.

34. Will he read the novel?

35. He wont read the novel.

36. Wont he read the novel?

37. He will be beating a rogue.

38. Will he be beating a rogue?

39. He wont be beating a rogue.

40. Wont he be beating a rogue?

41. He will have taught the students.

42. Will he have taught the students?

43. He wont have taught the students.

44. Wont he have taught the students?

45. He will have been living there for two years.

46. Will he have been living there for two years.

47. He wont have been living there for two years.

48. Wont he have been living there for two years.156

DDDDDAAAAAY - 39Y - 39Y - 39Y - 39Y - 39

SENTENCES WITH QUESTION WORDSH{: | y eTTqT s+&TksT | |\e qT.

1. What am I? H e @$T{?

2. I am a teacher. HqT b

17. How much work have you completed till now?

+ es qTe m+ | |P] #Xe?

18. How far is your house from this place?

&qT+& MT \T m+

27. The fruit is neither sweet nor good looking.

|+&T sT>

DAY-40

ACTIVE VOICE - PASSIVE VOICEs] |j>eTT ` sD |j>eTT

Active Voice : s (Subject) bs+uyTq y eTT. BjT+

3. = d+

8. Active voice 12 tenses 8 eyT passive voice essTT. (1) Future continuous tense, (2) Present PerfectContinuous Tense (3) Past Perfect Continuous Tense, (4) FuturePerfect Continuous Tense essTT.nqT y eTT\T e.

9. Active Voice imperative sentence qsTT yeTTpassive voice 'Let' bs+ueTT+~. request s|+ > +T+~.

9. Look here, please (AV)You are requested to look here (PV)

11. Active voice |X do, does or did bs+uyT, passivevoice |X as, is, are bs+ueTeT+~.

3. Disgusted with4. Annoyed at5. Vexed at (with)6. Known to7. Crowded with8. Interested in

1. The boy's work pleased the teacher. (AV)The teacher was pleased with the boy's work (PV)

2. He satisfied his master (AV)His master was satisfied with him (PV)

3. I know you (AV)You are known to me (PV)

4. You knew him (AV)He was known to you (PV)

5. Passengers crowded the bus (AV)The bus was crowded with the passengers (PV)

6. His behaviour annoys me (AV)I am annoyed at his behaviour (PV)

7. He vexed Ravi (AV)Ravi was vexed at him (PV)

8. This interests me (AV)I am interested in that (PV)

9. People throng the street (AV)The streets are thronged with the people (PV)

164

15. Active voice |X s|+ +&q# Passive voice L& |Xs|+ +&*. nq> helping verb qT yeTT yTT

18. 'Be' \ 'be' form > esT#TqeT+#+&.

ACTIVE PASSIVE ACTIVE PASSIVEShall Shall be Would Would beWill Will be Could Could beMay May be Need Need beMight Might be To To beMust Must be Let Let beCan Can be Ought to Ought to beDare Dare be Used to Used to beShould Should be Who By whom

Must Had it19. been/be e# $

20. Verb + be form \d +~ $ e#TqT.

ACTIVE PASSIVEAdvise (V1) am advised (V3)

are advised (V3)Advises (V1) is advised (V3)Advised (V2) was advised (V3)

were advised (V3)Will advise will be advised (V3)advising being advised (V3)have addvised (V3) have been advised (V3)has advised (V3) has bee advised (V3)Will have advised (V3) will have been advised (V3)had advised had been addvised (V3)

21. Passive voice e# Sentences.

1. Rama loves Sita (AV)Sita is loved by Rama (PV)

2. Rama is loving Sita (AV)Sita is being loved by Rama (PV)

3. Rama will love Sita (AV)Sita will be loved by Rama (PV)

4. Rama loved Sita (AV)Sita was loved by Rama (PV)

5. Rama was loving Sita (AV)Sita was being loved by Rama (PV)

167

6. Rama has loved Sita (AV)Sita has been loved by Rama (PV)

7. Rama had loved Sita (AV)Sita had been loved by Rama (PV)

8. Rama will have loved Sita (AV)Sita will have been loved by Rama (PV)

22. Order of Command \+

TABLE-1

ACTIVE VOICE - VERBS (100)

1. Add \T|2. Advise d\V#T3. Agree |=qT4. Accept deT+#T5. Absent VsTbe6. Attend Vs>T7. Bathe kqeTT#jTT8. Bury b|T9. Bring rdT=e#T10. Beat =T11. Bite s#T12. Believe qeTT13. Come seTT14. Call |\T#T15. Curse X|+#T16. Crush q\>>=T17. Congratulate n_q+~+#T18. Drink >T19. Dig e20. Do #jTT21. dream \>qT22. Doubt d+TsT29. Forget eTsbe30. Fear ujT|&T31. Go yfifl32. Give #T33. Guess }V+#T34. Gain ueTTb+

51. Live ed+#T52. Love |$T+#T53. Marry |[fl#dT=54. Promise y>q+#jTT55. Pay #*+#T56. Prove s|+#T57. Pain u+T60. Preserve C>#jTT61. Read #T63. Respect >s$+#T64. Rend N\T65. Sit Ls=qT66. Stand \&T67. Speak e{&T68. Sleep ~+#T69. Spend KsT#jTT70. Sell neTT71. Sing b&T72. Shake

TABLE-2

PAST TENSE- VERBS (100)

1. added *|qT2. advised d\V#qT3. agreed |=HqT4. accepted deT+#qT5. absented VsT >=fqT17. congratulated n_q+~+#qT18. drank >qT19. dug yqT20. did #dqT21. dreamt \>HqT22. doubted d+

51. lived ed+#qT52. loved |$T+#qT53. married |[fl#dT=HqT54. promised y>qeTT #dqT55. paid #*+#qT56. proved s|+#qT57. pained u+fqT60. preserved C>#dqT61. read #~yqT62. ran |sT>qT63. respected >s$+#qT64. rent N qT65. sat Ls=HqT66. stood \&qT67. spoke eT{&qT68. slept ~+#qT69. spent KsT#dqT70. sold nyTqT71. sang b&qT72. shook

TABLE-3

PASSIVE VOICE- VERBS (100)

1 Added *bsT2 Advised d\V#sT3 Appointed j+#sT4 Attached #ssT5 Allowed deT+#sT6 Abused +~+#qT7 Admired yT#T=HsT8 Beaten ={sT9 Bitten =]sT10 Buried b|{sT11 Believed qesT12 Begun bs+_+#sT13 Besought $T&sT14 Broken | qT15 Brought #qT16 Bought =HsT17 Called |*#sT18 Cursed X|+#sT19 Consulted d\V rd=HsT20 Crushed q\>>={sT21 Convinced |+#sT22 Consecrated |$+ #XsT23 Congratulated n_q+~+#sT24 Chided {sT25 Chosen m+#THsT

26 Commanded C|+#sT27 Compared bsT28 Concealed

51 Informed *bsT52 Invited V+#sT53 Ignored |{+#T +{sT75 Prohibited w~+#sT

76 Preserved C> #XsT77 Paid #*+#sT78 Praised b&sT79 Pained H=|+#sT80 Permitted nqTeT+#qT81 Reduced Z+#sT82 Respected >s$+#sT83 Regarded >s$+#sT84 Seen #XsT85 Stolen HsT89 Sought (Seek) ysT90 Sold nyTqT91 Sent |+|qT92 Smelt ydq#dqT93 Taken rdT=HsT94 Taught u~+#sT95 Told #bsT96 Trained D #sT97 Thrown $d]ydqT98 Understood *d=HsT99 Warned V#]+#sT100Withdrawn |d+V]+#qT

174

Tabl

e of

Per

sona

l Pro

nou

ns

No

Subje

ct O

bject

$X

wDeT

T

*

+&T

H

=#

|

1.I `

HqT

Me `

qqT

, H

, H

my -

H,

Hj

TT

min

e - H

~, H

$m

yself

`HH

2.W

e `

yTeT

T,Us

` eT

eTT\

qT,

our

- e,

ej

TT

ours

- e

~, e

$ou

rselv

es`y

TyT

eTqe

TTe

, e

3.Yo

u `

e

You `

qT,

,

your

- ,

j

TT

your

s -

~,

$yo

urse

lf`y

4.

You `

MTsT

You `

$TeT

T\qT

,yo

ur -

MT, M

TjTT

yo

urs -

MT~

, MT$

your

selv

es`M

TpisMT

, M

T

5.Th

ey `

yfi

fl,Th

em `y

],

y]

,th

eir-y

], y

]j

TT

their

s-y]

~, y

]$,

hem

selv

es`y

pisn$

y]

, y

{, y

{,

y{

y

{, y

{j

TT

y{$

6.He

` n

qT,

Him

` n

,

his-n

, n

j

TT

his -

n

~, n

$

him

self`

n&

&

T n

,

n

7.

She `

yT

,He

r `

yTqT

her -

yT

, yT

jTT

he

rs -

yT~,

yT

$he

rself`

yT,

yT

yT

, y

T

yTj

YT8.

It `

n~,

~It

`

Hav

e Ta

ble

Pr

esen

t |

dT+

(

*

Hq

T) F

utur

e u

$w

T (

*

+{

qT)

Pa

st

>+

(*

+

{)

Ye

s N

o Ye

s N

o

Ye

s N

oI h

ave (

Ive

y)I d

ont

have

I will

have

(ill

)I w

ont

have

I had

(Id

&)I d

idnt

have

We

have

(wev

e My)

We

don

t hav

eW

e w

ill (W

ll M

)W

e w

ont

have

We

had (

wed

M&)

We

don

t hav

e

You

have

(You

ve)

Yoou

don

t hav

eYo

u w

ill ha

veYo

u w

ont

have

You

had (

youd

jT

&)Yo

u di

dnt

have

(youl

l j

)Th

ey h

ave

They

don

t hav

eTh

ey w

ill ha

veTh

ey w

ont

have

They

had (

They

d qT DrawnDrive \T Drove qT DrivenFight b{&T Fought b{&qT FoughtFind qT>=qT Found qT>=HqT FoundFeel Felt qT FeltFeed bw+#T Fed bw+#qT FedFly m>TsT Flew msqT FlownFall |&T Fell |&qT FallenLose b>=T=qT Lost b>=T=HqT LostLeave $&|T Left $&|fqT LeftRun |sT>T Ran |sT>fqT RunRide k#jTT Rode k#dqT RiddenRing y+#T Rang y+#qT RungRead #

Eat qT Ate HqT EatenCreep b Crept bqT CreptBind s+~+#T Bound s+~+#qT BoundBleed HTsTsT Bled HTsTsqT BledBid C|+#T Bade C|+#qT BiddenBeat =T Beat =fqT BeatenBite =sT Bit =]qT BittenBread qT Bred HqT BrerdDrream \qT Dreramt \HqT DreamtDwell ed+#T Dwelt ed+#qT DweltSee ##T Saw ##qT SeenSpeak e{&T Spoke e{&qT SpokenSpend KsT#jTT Spent KsT#dqT SpentSell neTT Sold nyTqT Soldsit Ls=qT Sat Ls=HqT SatSink eTTqT>T Sank eTT>qT SunkSing b&T Sang b&qT SungShake

Take rd=qT Took rd=HqT TakenTear +#T Tore +#qT TornThrow $dsT Threw $dsqT thrownTeach u~+#T Taught u~+#qT TaughtThink +#T Thought +#qT ThoughtWin >\T#T Won >*#qT WonWeave HjTT Wove HdqT WovenWear qT SwungSew T Sewed fqT SewnBecome n>T Became njTqT Become

184

Beseeche\T=qT Besought e\T=HqT BesoughtBeget qT Begot HqT BegottenBehold ##T Beheld ##qT BeheldDeal eseTT #jTT Dealt eseTT #dqT DealtFling $dsT Flung $dsqT FlungForbid eqT KneltOvercomen~>$T+#T Overcame n~>$T+#qT OvercomeRend N\T Rent N qT RentUndeerstand Understood UnderstoodnseTT#d=qT nseTT #d=HqT

Mean nseT>T Meant nseTjTqT MeantLead

Fail | Failed |qT FailedFear ujT|&T Feared ujT|&qT FearedFire \T Fired qT FiredFree $&|+#T Fred $&|+#qT FredFound k|+#T Founded k|+#qT FoundedGuess }V+#T Guessed }V+#qT Guessedgift VA]+#T Giftd VA]+#qT GiftedGain ueTTb+

Clothe \Tyd=qT Clothed \Tyd=HqT ClothedCease \T| Ceased \T|#dqT CeasedContent r|#+

Describe e]+#T Describe e]+#qT DescribedDisappointsX#+jT|s#qT InjuredInhabit qed+#T Inhabited ed+#qT InhabitedIgnore |{+#T=q+& Ignored |{+#T=q+&qT IgnoredInherityds+e\qb+CdqT InspiredImplicate |T Implicated |fqT ImplicatedImpose $~+#T Imposed $~+#qT ImposedInclineyTT>TZ#|, y\T Inclined yTT>TZ#|qT InclinedIndulge d+||s#T Indulged d+||s#qT IndulgedIntrude #=#T=be Intruded #=#T=yfiflqT IntrudedInvolve *+#T=qT Involved *+#T=HqT Involved

188

Invade s$+#T Respected >s$+#qT RespectedReverse\+

Resolve XsTT+#T Resolved XsTT+#qT ResolvedRepose +#T Reposed +#qT ReposedRestrict+s$+#qT RegardedRelate d++~+#qT Related d++~+#qT RelatedBelieve qeTT Believed qyTqT BelievedKill #+| Killed #+|qT KilledKick qT Kicked HqT KickedNeed nedseTT\T>T Needed nedseTT *>qT NeededNoteC|seTT yd=qT Noted C|s+ yd=HqT NotedErode rdyjTT Eroded ydqT Erodedboycot y*yjTT Boycotted y*ydqT BoycottedAdd \T| Added *|qT AddedAdvise d\V#T Advised d\V#qT AdvisedAccuse+

Attach #sT Attached #sqT AttachedAllow deT+#T Allowed deT+#qT AllowedAmuse$HCjTT Amused$HCdqT AmusedAccomplish k~+#T Accomplished k~+#qT AccomplishedBury b|T Buried b|fqT BuriedBase =fqT ExhaustedHeap b>T|T Heaped b>T|fqT HeapedHint d+#T Hinted d+#qT Hinted

191

Hurry =+

Secure Secured Securedd+b~+#T T&>T d+b~+#T T&jTqT

Supply ds|s#jTT Supplied ds|s#dqT SuppliedStart jT\T

ADJECTIVES ($XwDeTT\T)Fruitful |\e+yTq Whose me]jTTPurposeful |jqyTq Lucky n\

194

Straight q Foolish *$ Upper |q Flowery |weTT\T>\, dT+\Outer y\T|* Vicious #&T T~>\Superior XwyTq Vainglorious n>]jTqInferior yq Valuable $\Te>\Senior | >\Junior |q nsTTq Zealous |T\Boyish |\qeTT >\ Ceaseless eTTjTq{Careful C>>\ Decisive XjTyTqCheerful deTT >\ Eatable q\ Movable

ADJECTIVE PHRASESA crown made of goldA cloack of purple color.An elephant with a white skin.A track through the jungle.A boy with blue eyes.A village without any inhabitants.A page with no writing on it.The day of greatest length.The flag of Spain.A load of great weight.Tragic - TragicalWhole - WholesomeThree - ThreefoldBlack - BlackishWhite - WhitishSick - SicklyA golden crownA purple cloakA white elephantA jungle trackA blue eyed boyA deserted villageA blank pageThe longest dayThe Spanish flag.

196

ADJECTIVESPositive Comparative SuperlativeDegree Degree DegreeShort b{ Shorter ShortestLong b&e Longer LongestStrong \eTT>\ Stronger StrongestQuick =+\ Abler AblestWise *$>\ Wiser WisestLarge |Tq Finer FinestPale b*bsTTq Paler PalestHeavy sTyq Heavier HeaviestMerry VQcsT> Marrier MarriestBulky | Bulkier BulkiestEasy dTfie> Easier EasiestHappy d+weTT> Happier HappiestWitty qe|{+#T Wittier Wittiest197

Biggish |\ Worse WorstWell eT+ Better BestMany # More MostMuch me More MostOld eTTd* Elder EldestOut jT Utter UtmostOut jT Outer utmostLate \d eTT> Later LatestLate sTy Latter LostLittle e Less Leastill #& Worse worstfar Farther FarthestFore eTT+\ More gifted Most giftedBenefited ueTTb+~ More benefited Most benefitedCourageous \ More courageous Most courageousDifficult q More difficult Most difficultProper d]jTq More proper Most properNear Zs> Nearer NearestClear dweTT> Clearer Clearest

198

Hard weTT> Harder HardestLoud _>Zs> Louder LoudestFast =+ Faster FastestLittle =+#eTT Less LeastWell u>T> Better BestLovely n+ More lovely / Lovelier Most lovely/LoveliestClearly dweTT> More clearly Most clearlyCarefully C>> More carefully Most carefully

VERBAL PREPOSITIONS

Associated with d++CdT=qTPart from/with $&|TQuarrel with

Familiar with/among u> *de+&TAlight from ~>TDebar from |#jTTDerive from b+TEmerge from jT{e#TEscape from |+#T=qTcomply with n+^]+#TExclude from |+#T=qTPreserve from b&TProtect from s+#T=qTProhibit from w~+#TRecover from ] b+ #jTTAttempt to |jT+#TAttribute to s|+#T

200

Belong to kTn>TConduce to

Wish for ] *jTT+&TYearn for sT=qTApprove of nqTeT+#TAcquit of/from $&T> +&TBoast of >=|> #|Complain of |s

Encroach on $T+#Tenlarge on me yjTT #|Impose on $~+#TInsist on H=#|subsist on TSmile at nsTTwqT #|Stay at/in +&TLook at/into/upon/down ##T

Noun PrepositionsAffection for n_eqeTTAppetite for wAmbition for XAnxiety for Apology for esDAptitude for n_sTBlame for +~+#TCandidate for nu ]> +&TCapacity for deTsCompassion for

Motive for

Dislike to nsTTweTTEncouragement to bVeTTException to nu +seTT *+#TIncentive to bV$T#Tq~Indifference to |{+#T=q+&Invitation to VqeTTKey to \eTT#$Limit to |]$TObedience to $ +&TAlive to *d=jTT+&TAmendable to &Temptation to |sDAcquaintance with |]#jTeTTAlliance with d++

Bargain with use&TIntercourse with nHq d+|seTTDeliverance from $eTTEscape from |+#T=qTExemption from $TqVsTT+|Inference from }VConcern about +Impression on n_bjTeTTAuthority on n~seTTExposure of >T]#jTT eTTdT>T =\+#TErosion of =T=beApplicable to e]+#TAppropriate to jTT+&TBeneficial to uComparable to b* *jTT+&TCondemmed to $~+#TConducive to u>T#jTTq~Congenial to deTeT>Tq~Contrary to episeTTCreditable to X|TyTq~>Deaf to ed+#T=q+&Detrimental to #&T #jTTq~>Devoted to deT]+|&qEntitled to V*jTT+&TEqual to deqeTT>Essential to nedseTT>Faithful to qeTeTT>

206

Exposed to m&$T#TFatal to |eseeTT #|beIncidental to e#TInclined to w|&T, yTT>TZIndebted to n||&jTT+&TIndifferent to |{+#T=q+&Indispensable to nedseT>TIndulgent to w|s+ | |s#TInsensible to |{+#T=q+&Irrelevant to nd+Immeterial to nqedseTT>Impervious to #{jT+&Able to X*jTT+&TLimited to |]$T *jTT+&TLost to beLoyal to $XdeTT>Natural to dVeTTNecessary to nedseTTObedient to $Obliged to Offensive to |eTT *+#TOpposite to mPainful to uPartial to |beTT>Peculiar to $yTq

207

Prejudical to |L\yTqProfitable to u\Reduced to Z+#TRelated to d++~+Responsible to uTAccomplished in Hs]Accurate in d]jTqBackward in yqT&+&TDefective in d]> beDeficient in T*Experience in nqTueeTT>\Deligent in |T\Enveloped in |&Honest in CsTTr>Interested in weTT>\Involved in =jTT+&TProficient in b+& eTT>\afflicted with u *jTT

208

Disgusted with $dT>T#+Popular with/among yT|b+~Satisfied with r|*Accused of Hss|D#jT&TAcquitted of sw> $&TseTT

209

Sick of ndeTeTT *Sure of XjTeTT #dT=qTSuspicious of nqTeqeTT *Tolerant of dV+#TAnxious for TConspicuous for/of dweTT> q&TDestined or jT$T+#TEager for =+Eligible for ns *Fit for d]|&TGrateful for *Prepared for/to dT]+, m&\, n+

Beneath ~>Te, n&T>TqBeside |qBeyond e\Underneath +

SINGULAR & PLURAL FORMS(@e#q VQe#q sb\T)

Valcano n|seTTValcanoes n|seTT\TEcho |

Pony b{ >TseTTPonies b{ >TseTT\TFly >Flies >\TBody XseTTBodies XseTT\TCountry

Loaves s=feTT\TWife usWives us \TKnife Knives T\TWolf &\TWolves &fiflShelf nsShelves ns\TChief eTTKT&TChiefs eTTKT\TRoof | |Roofs ||\TGulf deTTuw n+ e+T+~. $ d+uwD L& #&

nseTeT+~. qT M{ u> bdT #jT+&.

1. I am Im yT2. We are Were $jTsY3. You are Youre jsY4. They are Theyre

8. They have Theyve

33. He will Hell V 34. She will Shell w 35. It will Itll {

NEGATIVE - episseTT36. I am not Im not yT H{37. We are not We arent ejYT sH38. He is not He isnt V C+{39. I was not I wasnt yC+{40. They were not They werent

ADVERBSAlready ~ espiAgain eTs\Any where m&qqTAlso L&, jTTqAlways m\|&TAbundantly $kseTT>/$Xw+>Almost dTesT>Accurately K+>Angrily |+>Anxiously >Alone +]>Artificially eT+>Amazingly Xs +>Awfully ujT+s+>Before eTT+By and by y+ y+HBackward yqTBarely d]>Badly #&T>Beautifully n+Brightly |Xeq+>Bitterly #Boldly Bravely Certainly XjT+>Completely |P]>Carefully C>>Conveniently nqTe>Clearly dweTT>217

Closely Zs>Calmly |X++>Cheerfully d+>Doubtlessly d+XjTeTT>Dangerously nbjTs+>Duly qT>Directly | +>Dearly |jT+>Ever m\yfi Elsewhere ysTd\eT+eagerly >Entirely |P]>Forward eTT+Faithfully qeT+>fairly dT+/>ses+>\Fast y>+>Greatefully >Gladly q+Greatly >=|>Hereafter qT+&Henceforth MT

Hardly ##\Hence {Herewith +Indirectly |s+>Just d]>, dTesT>Justly HjT+>Jointly *dLate \d+>Loud _>Zs>Legally #Largely |Miserably weTT>Now |&TNot yet +qT s

Not Near Zs>Often |\TesTOften times nH |sjTeTT\TOpenly Vs+>+>Presently |&TPlainly dweTT>Properly q$ / qT>Pleasantly d+ws+>Polisely eTsPerfectly d+|PseTT>Poorly ;Proudly >s+>Personally e>+>Publicly Vs+>+>Quickly =+Quite u>, |P]>Quitly XeTT>Really eTT>Richly deT~>Straightly HsT>Somewhere mSlowly HeT~>So n+, |s+, qT

220

Scarcely ##\+&Surely XjTeTT>Strangely $+>, nSwiftly e&>, y>+>Sadly uSincerely w|yTqSoon s , y>+>Skilfully HsT>, #Ts +Specially | +>Secretly sVd +>Steadily \&>Today sETomorrow pis|Twice s+&TksTThrice eTTesTThither n&Too L&Truly d eTT>Then n|&TTherefore |eT/ qTThereby n+

Truthfully + #|~>Thickly Together *dUpward |Undoubtedly d+Unjustly nHjTeTT>Very me, $T*Verily eTT>Weekly |ys+When m|&TWhere m&Whither m&Whereabouts @d\eTTqWhence m&qT+&Wherein @ #Whereat m&Whereby n+

City q>seTT Cities q>seTT\TStory sTStep-son de =&T Step-sons de=&T\TStep-mother de * Step-mothers de \T\TMaid-Servant & des\T Maid-servants & desfiflcommander-in-Chief dqH~] Commanders-in-chief dqH~sT\T

Looker-on ##Ty&T Lookers-on ##TysTBasis +&eTT\TPhenomenondVeTT> sT>Tq$ Phenomena dVeTT> sT>Tq$Hypothesis }V+q~ Hyptheses }V+q$Axis neTT Axes neTT\TMadam ne Medames neT\TIndex |{ Indices |{\TErratum n#T y | Errata n#T y |\Tradium ydeTT Radil ydeTT\T

224

Brother eTT&T Brothers eTTfiflCloth >T& Cloths >T&\TMoral Morals T\Tcustom #seTT Customs #seTT\TSpectacle =sDeer +\TCod \>&` \>&\T (>+&TMTqT`>+&TMTqT\T)Trout \ #|` \#|\TSwine |+~`|+ VQsyTq #|\TSaimon s| #|, #|\TPair (two pair) ` \TSINGULAR PLURALColour ColoursCustom CustomsEffect EffectsManner MannersMoral Morals225

Number NumbersPain PainsPremise PremisesQuarter QuartersSpectacle SpectaclesLetter LettersGround GroundsResult Results propertyMethod Methods correct behaviourA moral lesson Moral lessons conducta quantity quantities versessuffering sufferings care, exeertionProposition Propositions buildingsFourth part Fourth parts lodgingsa sigh sights eye-glassesletter of alphabet letters of theh alphabetepistle epistles, literatureearth enclosed land attached to housereason reasons, dregs.

SOME WORDS IN THEIR SINGULAR FORM ANDPLURAL FORM CONVEY DIFFERENT MEANINGS

AS SINGULARS AND PLURALS

Brother brothers, sons of the samem parent.Brothren, members of a society or a

226

Cloth Cloths, kinds or pieces of cloth,community, clothes, garments.

Die dies, stamps for coining. Dice,small cubes used in games.

Fish fishes, taken separately.Fish, collectively.

Genius geniuses, persons of great talent.Genil, spirits

Index indexes, tables of contents of books.Indices, signs used in algebra

Penny pennies, number of coins. Pence,amount in value

Advice = counsel

advices = information

Air = atmosphere

Airs = affected manners

Good being = benefit, well being

Goods = merchandise

compass = extent, range

Compasses = an instrument for drawing circles

Respect = regard

Respects = Compliments

Physic = medicine

Physics = Natural science

Light = (1) radiance

(2) a lamp

Lights = lamps

People = (1) nation (2) men and women

Peoples = nations

Powder = (1) dust 2) a dose of medicine in fine grains like dust

Powders = Doses of medicine

Practice = (1) habit (2) exercise of a profession

Practices = Habits227

SINGULAR PLURALCommander-in-chief Commanders-in-chief

coat-of-mail coats-of-mail

son-in-law sons-in-law

daughter-in-law daughters-in-law

step-son step sons

step-daughter step-daughters

maid-servant maid-servants

man-servant men-servants

passer-by passers-by

looker-on lookers-on

man-of-war men-of-war

church churches

crash crashes

bus buses

box boxes

buzz buzzes

barracks barracks

crossroads crossroads

headquarters headquarters

means means

series series

species species

works (factory) works

potato potatoes

tomato tomatoes

child children

foot feet

goose geese

louse lice

man men228

mouse mice

ox oxen

penny pence

person people

tooth teeth

woman women

calf calves

elf elves

half halves

knife knives

leaf leaves

life lives

loaf loaves

self selves

sheaf sheaves

shelf shelves

thief thieves

wife wives

wolf wolves

commando commandos

concerto concertos

eskimo eskimos

kilo kilos

logo logos

photo photos

piano pianos

solo solos

soprano sopranos

buffalo buffalo(e)s

tornado tornado(e)s

volcano volcano(e)s

229

Active Voice (Shortcuts)was / wasnt

I am / arent walking.will be / wont be

had / hadntI have / havent walked.

will have / wont have

had been / hadnt beenI have been / havent been walking

will have been / wont have been

walked / didnt walkI walk / dont walk

will walk / wont walk

Passive Voicewas / wasnt

I am / arent scolded.will be / wont be

was / wasntI am / arent being scolded.

had been / hadnt beenI have been / havent been scolded.

will have been / wont have been

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230

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Documents

Upakari's Spoken English Book