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plate in a small room, to which the patient pays periodicalvisits of from twenty to thirty minutes’ duration threetimes a day. After two or three scances the rales in thechest disappear, the expectoration is more free, and sleep isobtained at night, or at all events relief from the asthmaticattacks. In some cases the improvement is permanent, inothers it only lasts unimpaired for live or six days. Iodinetreatment is then required, which is usually efficacious, butwhich cannot be borne by all patients.

QUININE AND OIL OF TURPENTINE IN MALIGNANTPUSTULE.

Dr. Don F. Rivas describes in La Union de las CienciasMédicas some cases of malignant pustule which were rapidlycured by the application ot a paste composed of quinine andoil of turpentine. One of the cases was that of a shepherd,in whose flock the disease had manifested itself. lie wasstung by a mosquito on the forehead, and two hours after-wards the head and neck were extremely oedematous. The

paste was applied, and the pain and swelling shortlydiminished. A couple of days later a large quantity ofsanguinolent fluid was discharged, and by the fourth daythe man was quite well. Another shepherd of the sameflock, who was similarly affected, made use of some of hiscolleague’s paste without consulting a doctor, and was alsocured in four days. A third case was that of a womanwho had a malignant pustule on the hand, which wasunaffected by various remedies which were applied, buton the application of the quinine and turpentine pastethe severe pain ceased almost immediately, and the cedemarapidly diminished, the patient being quite restored tohealth in four days’ time.

LANTANINE.

Lantanine is an alkaloid discovered by M. Negrete, andextracted from Yerba sagrata of the family of verbenas. M.Buiza has observed that, like quinine, this alkaloid had someaction on the circulation. It slows the nutrition, and at thesame time lowers the temperature. The most delicatestomachs tolerate lantanine. Intermittent fevers that pro’ erefractory to quinine have yielded to the influence of twogrammes of lantanine. In order to produce antipyreticeffects in febrile conditions the dose employed is from oneto two grammes in twenty-four hours, given in pills of tencentigrammes. In intermittent fevers the drug is ad-.ministered immediately after the paroxysm. Ninety-fivetimes out of a hundred a further paroxysm will not

appear. The tincture of latana cannot be employed owingto its intense bitterness, which cannot be masked by syrupnr W1T)f

NAPHTHALINE IN URINARY DISEASES.Naphthaline, which has been used to disinfect the stools,

has also the property of retarding the putrefaction of theurine, and may therefore be administered for cases ofurinary disorder in which the urine has a fetid odour.Daily doses of one gramme and a half of naphthaline incases of pyelo-nephritis, cystitis, chronic prostatitis, andstricture with fistulee, have rendered the urine sweet in fromtwo to five days. The urine, from being turbid, purulent,and alkaline, becomes neutral or acid, and the quantity ofpus is diminished. No disorder has been noted in the digestiveprocesses. The drug does not augment the frequency ofmicturition.

IODOL IN EAR DISEASES.

Dr. Stretter, who has used iodol, the new inodorous sub-stitute for iodoform, in a large number of cases of ear

disease, finds that in acute purulent inflammatory affectionsiodol applications rapidly produce marked benefit, but thatin chronic inflammations of the middle ear it is generallyquite useless, or at best no better than other more commonmethods of treatment.

THE UNIVERSITIES OF OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE.-A return moved for in the House of Commons by Mr.Thorold Rogers has just been issued, containing the follow-ing particulars with regard to the Universities of Oxfordand Cambridge :-(a) With respect to each University Pro-fessorship, University Readership, and University Lecture-ship ; (b) with respect to the Fellowships of each College;(c) with respect to the number of students in each Univer-sity ; (d) with respect to the College and Universitystatutes ; (e) the amount and application of the commonUniversity Fund.

THE METROPOLITAN ASYLUMS BOARD.

THE Managers of this Board, at their meeting on Satur-day, had under consideration two subjects of some import-ance. The first related to the visits of individual membersof the hospital committees, which were formerly made to-the institutions at other times than when the committees-met. The Local Government Board had recognised the-injury which resulted from this practice, and had inter-dicted it. The General Purposes Committee now proposedthat each committee should nominate two members to visittheir asylum, and this recommendation, after a warm dis-cussion, was by a narrow majority adopted, the new mem-bers of the board mostly opposing it. It is unnecessary tocomment upon the irregularities to which the former practicegave rise ; that they occurred was sufficiently shown duringthe Homerton inquiry. If the Local Government Boardshould permit the wishes of the General Purposes Com-mittee to be carried into effect, it is to be hoped that some-regulations may be made as to the conduct of the managersselected for this purpose. Their first duty should be to visitthe officer who is now held to be responsible for the general,management of the institution, and who should be per-mitted to accompany them in their journey of inspection..The managers would in this manner have no difficulty inlearning all details concerning administration, and theredoes not appear to be any reason why their visits, if made-in a proper spirit, should be prejudicial to discipline.The second subject, which was introduced by Sir Edmund

Hay Currie, referred to the fact that but fourteen of the-metropolitan sanitary authorities had consented to contractwith the managers for the reception into their asylums ofpersons who were not paupers, and the recommendationwas made by the General Purposes Committee that it should’be intimated to the Local Government Board that nothingmore could be done in the matter by the managers untilParliament had made it compulsory on the local boards todischarge their duties. The advantage which would accrue-to the metropolis from this contract is not quite obvious;, ;.the difficulty of deciding whether the sufferer is a pauper or

, not makes it of the greatest importance that the duty ofgiving orders for the admission of patients should be in the-’

hands of one authority, otherwise delay might be occasioned’by the desire of the one body to throw the burden of expense

’ on the other. After all, the expense would fall upon the-

: district from which the patient came, and an amicable-) arrangement between the local sanitary and Poor-law

authorities, by which the latter assist the former, is pro-bably the best arrangement that can be made, until the-

, whole question of the removal of infectious cases ceases to.3 be related to Poor-law administration.f

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UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM: FACULTY OFMEDICINE.

THE following notice has been issued by the Registrar ofthe University College of Medicine:-The Senate has now instituted a new degree of Bachelor

in Surgery (B.S.), the examination for which will be heldtogether with that for the degree of Bachelor in Medicine,.and will comprise, in addition to the surgical part of theexamination for the degree of Bachelor in Medicine, apractical examination in Surgical Operations, and in the use-of Surgical Instruments. Candidates must produce certifi-cates of attendance on a course of Operative Surgery and ona course of Regional Anatomy, in addition to the certificates.required for the degree of Bachelor in Medicine.For the degree of Master in Surgery (M.S.) candidates

must be of not less than twenty-four years of age, and must.have obtained the degree of Bachelor in Surgery abov&named, and must have been engaged for a period of at leasttwo years subsequently to the date of acquirement of thatdegree in attendance on the practice of a recognised hos-pital, or in the services or in medical or surgical practice.The subjects of examination will be Surgery, SurgicalPathology, Surgical Anatomy, Surgical Operations, andClinical Surgery.The Senate has also instituted a Licence in Sanitary

Science (L.S.Sc.), for which every candidate at the date ofexamination must be a registered medical practitioner, and

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must produce certificates of attendance on certain coursesof instruction during a year of professional study at theUniversity of Durham College of Medicine. It is not neces-

sary that this year of professional study should be distinctfrom that required in the case of a candidate for the degreeof Bachelor of Medicine. The examination will comprise.Sanitary Chemistry and Physics, Sanitary Legislation, VitalStatistics, Meteorology with Climatology &c., Sanitary31edicine, and Practical Hygiene, and will be divided intowritten, practical, and viva-voce parts.The following regulations are now in force as applying to

’candidates for the degree of Bachelor in Medicine :-Candi-dates who have completed part of their curriculum else-where may pass the first and second examinations pre-viously to entering at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and are recom--mended to commence their year of residence at Newcastle-upon-Tyne at the beginning of the winter session. Candi-- dates will be admitted to each of these examinations afterduly certified attendance at a recognised medical school on,courses of instruction in the various subjects of the exami-nation, as set forth in the Schedules of Certificates issued bythe University. These may be obtained on application tothe Registrar of the University of Durham College ofMedicine. Each examination must be passed before thenext can be proceeded with, and each must be passed in itsentirety, except the First Examination, which may be taken- in two parts at different times, one part comprising Ele-mentary Anatomy and Elementary Physiology, and the otherpart of Chemistry with Chemical Physics, and Botany withMedical Botany. Failure in one of the subjects comprised ineither part of this examination will entail rejection in thatpart. A candidate who has passed the First Examination of theConjoint Board in England of the Royal College of Physiciansof London and the Royal College of Surgeons of England willbe exempt from the First Examination of the University ofDurham except in the subjects of Chemistry with ChemicalPhysics, and Botany with Medical Botany, in which he willbe examined. A candidate who has passed the First and’Second Examinations of the University will be exempt fromthe First and Second Examinations of the Conjoint Board inEngland, and will be entitled to present himself for the’Final Examination of the Board on the completion of thenecessary curriculum. Candidates who hold a qualificationfrom a recognised licensing board in the United Kingdom atthe date of entry for the First Examination for the degreesin Medicine are in every case required to pass in Chemistrywith Chemical Physics; and are also required to pass in

Botany with Medical Botany, if they have not previouslypassed in that subject at one or other of their examinationsfor qualification; but they are exempt from examination inElementary Anatomy and Physiology. All candidates for-the First Examination for the degrees in Medicine, whetherexempt from a portion of it or not, are required to pay thefull fee—5.The dates of the examinations will be as follows-viz.:

The First Examination for the degree of Bachelor in Medicinewill be commenced on April 18th, 1887, and again on Sept. 19th,1887; the Second Examination will be commenced on

April 25th, 1887, and again on Sept. 26th, 1887 ; the ThirdExamination will be commenced on Dec. 6th, 1886, and againon June 13th. 1887. The examination for the degree of’Bachelor in Surgery will be commenced on the same dateas the Third Examination for the degree of Bachelor inMedicine. The examination for the licence in SanitaryScience will be commenced on April 25th, 1887, and againon Sept. 26th, 1887.

THE NEW MEDICAL SESSION.

OWENS COLLEGE.THE winter session of the medical department of Owens

College was opened on the 4th inst. In place of the usualintroductory lecture a conversazione was held in the medicalschool, Coupland-street, where the guests, who numberedabout 400, were received by the Dean of the school, ProfessorA. H. Young. The whole of the rooms and departments ofthe school were thrown open, and visitors had an oppor-tunity of inspecting the large and varied collection ofobjects in the medical museum. In the pharmacologicallaboratory Professor Leech gave demonstrations of theaction of drugs on muscle; in the histological labora-tory Professor Milnes-Marshall illustrated the methods of I

section-cutting and various forms of microtomes; andin the physiological lecture-room Professor Stirling dealtwith the subject of models as aids in the teaching ofphysiology. Exhibitions and demonstrations of variouskinds interesting to the medical student were givenin other departments of the school, whilst excellentmusic was provided for the delectation of the com-

pany. In the course of the evening Professor Youngread the annual report, from which it appeared that 323students had attended the medical department during thesession 1885-86-a number which exhibited a considerableincrease over that of previous years, whilst the list of thosewho had been successful in passing the various professionalexaminations showed a corresponding extension. In thecourse of a subsequent address, the Professor, after remind-ing his hearers that the reputation of a medical schooldepended as much upon the character of its alumni as uponthe quality of the teaching and the resources of the insti-tution, referred to the amalgamation of the medical schoolwith Owens College, and to the granting of a supplementalcharter to the Victoria University, investing it with the rightof conferring degrees in medicine and surgery. Experiencealone, he said, could show them any weak points in theirregulations for the granting of degrees, and perhaps modifi-cations might be found necessary from time to time; but hethought he was justified in claiming for the College and theUniversity the advantage of offering exceptional oppor-tunities to medical students of acquiring a knowledge oftheir profession, and of obtaining the stamp of proficiencyin the shape of a degree. He hoped also to see establishedbefore long a post-graduate course of instruction. AfterProfessor Greenwood had offered a few observations to thestudents, Dr. Drescbfeld described the process of inoculationpursued by M. Pasteur as a protection against hydrophobia.

QUEEN’S COLLEGE, BIRMINGHAM.SIR JAMES SAWYER distributed the prizes at this insti-

tution on the 1st inst., and at the conclusion of the ceremonyremarked that in his opinion there were two distinct linesupon which the authorities of the institution must now lookfor advancement: 0ne was upon the line of extension ofexternal authority, and the other was upon the line ofintrinsic development. He meant by the former that heshould like to see facilities for graduation for the studentsof that school. He should like to see Queen’s College asso-ciated with any other bodies with which it might act-tosee it advancing to university standing. With regard tothe other line of development, he thought, without waitingfor this matter of university powers a single day, that theyought to set to work at once to make thier teaching asperfect as possible, and there was one way in which hebelieved this might be done. They ought, if possible, todevelop the tutorial department of their teaching. Studentswho had some experience in medical education knew thata great deal hung upon this tutorial teaching as distin-guished from the reading in their own rooms, or from pro-fessorial instruction. In every one of the subjects of themedical curriculum they had proper professorial teaching,but he should like to see both the tutorial and professorialcombined, so that, for instance, they might have the pro-fessor of medicine and the tutor in medicine, and the samein surgery and midwifery.ST. MARY’S PAST AND PRESENT STUDENTS’ ANNUAL

DINNER.

ON Friday evening the annual dinner of the past andpresent students of St. Mary’s Hospital was held in theRoyal Venetian Chamber, Holborn Restaurant. Mr. Edmund

Owen, M.B., F.R.C.S., presided, and amongst his supporterswere Sir Edward Sieveking, Col. Duncan, M.P., Surgeon-General Gordon, and Mr. G. P. Field, Dean of the MedicalSchool, about 170 covers being laid.After dinner the Chairman gave " The Queen " and " The

Prince of Wales and the rest of the Royal Family," thetoasts being accorded with musical honours. The Chairmanalso gave " The Army, Navy, and Reserve Forces," associatingwith the toast the names of Col. Duncan, R.A., C.B., M.P.,Mr. J. Coleman Barr, and Surgeon-Commandant Cantlie,who responded in suitable terms. The Chairman nextgave the toast of " Success to St. Mary’s Hospital MedicalSchool. To all St. Mary’s men he would say that it