D170 W15 Senses Williams

This lesson combines general sensory receptors from Chapter 15 and some of the special senses in Chapter 15 (pages 428 – 432, 488 – 503). You will only be responsible for the special senses of taste, smell, and vision.

What are peripheral sensory receptors? How are free nerve endings and receptor cells different?

Describe the following types of receptors, based on location:

Extereceptors –

Interoceptors –

Propioceptors –

Describe the following types of receptors, based on stimulus type:

Mechanoreceptors –

Thermoreceptors –

Chemoreceptors –

Photoreceptors –

Nociceptors –

Complete the following table with information about types of general sensory receptors.

Type Structural class Functional class (location)

Functional class (stimulus type)

Description / special

features

Examples / body

locationFree nerve ending of sensory neuron

Free nerve ending

Epithelial tactile

complexes

Free nerve ending

Hair follicle receptors

Free nerve ending

Tactile corpuscles

Encapsulated nerve ending

Lamellar corpuscles

Encapsulated nerve ending

Bulbous corpuscles

Encapsulated nerve ending

D170 W15 Senses Williams

Jump to page 488…

What functional type of receptors are for taste and smell? What division of the nervous system do taste and smell belong to?

Describe the location, structure, and function of taste buds, noting the following structures:

Papillae –

Fungiform papillae –

Vallate papillae –

Foliate papillae –

Gustatory epithelial cells –

Basal epithelial cells –

Gustatory hair –

Taste pore –

D170 W15 Senses Williams

Describe how the gustatory pathway relays taste information to the brain.

Describe the location, structure, and function of the olfactory epithelium, noting the following structures. What type of epithelium is the olfactory epithelium?

Olfactory sensory neurons –

Olfactory stem cells –

Olfactory cilia (hairs) –

D170 W15 Senses Williams

Olfactory bulb –

Olfactory tract –

Filaments of the olfactory nerve – Describe how the olfactory pathway relays smell information to the brain.

Describe the locations, structures, and functions of the accessory structures of the eye by completing the following table.

Structure Location Structural features FunctionEyebrow

Eyelids (palpebrae)Lacrimal caruncle

EyelashesTarsal glands

Conjuctiva

D170 W15 Senses Williams

Lacrimal apparatusLacrimal gland

Lacrimal punctum

Extrinsic eye musclesLateral rectus muscleMedial rectus muscle

Superior rectus muscleInferior rectus muscle

Superior oblique muscle

Inferior oblique muscle

D170 W15 Senses Williams

What are the two poles of the eyeball? What are the two segments? What are the three layers that form the external wall of the eye? What are the two humors inside the eye?

Describe the structure and functions of the fibrous layer, noting the following structures:

Sclera –

Cornea –

Describe the structure and functions of the vascular layer, noting the following structures:

Choroid –

Ciliary body –

Ciliary muscle –

Iris –

Pupil –

Explain how the pupil dilates and constricts via the autonomic nervous system to change the amount of light allowed into the eye.Describe the structure and functions of the inner layer, noting the following structures:

Retina –

Optic nerve –

D170 W15 Senses Williams

Pigmented layer –

Neural layer –

What three types of neurons are found in the inner layer?

What are photoreceptor cells? What is the difference between rods and cones?

What are the specialized regions on the posterior side of the retina? What functional consequences do they have?

Describe the structures and functions of the internal chambers and fluids, noting the following structures:

Posterior segment –

Vitreous humor –

Anterior segment –

Anterior chamber –

Posterior chamber –

Aqueous humor –

Describe the structure and functions of the lens

D170 W15 Senses Williams

Explain how the eye adjusts (accommodates) via the autonomic nervous system to focus the eye for close or distant vision.

Explain how visual pathways relay visual information from the eye to the brain. Note the following structures:

Optic chiasma –

Optic nerve –

Optic tract –