Universal Precautions FKG

8/10/2019 Universal Precautions FKG

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/universal-precautions-fkg 1/33

L/O/G/O

Dr. Niniek Burhan, SpPD-KPTISupervisor of Tropmed Dept FKUB/SS!

"a#an$

Universal

Precautions



Introduction

Standard precautions are meant to reduce

the risk of transmission of bloodborne and

other pathogens from both recognized and

unrecognized sources.

They are the basic level of infection control

precautions which are to be used, as a minimum, inthe care of all patients.



Universal Precautions



Universal Precautions





Hand hygiene



Hand hygiene



How to Wash our hands



Efficacy of Hand HygienePreparations in Reduction of

Bacteria

Good Better Best

Plain Soap Antimicrobial

soap

Alcohol-based

handrub

Sour%e& http&//'''.%d%.$ov/handh($iene/materia#s.htm



Hand hygiene: Antiseptic agents

Table excerpted from the CDCs !"uidelines for #and #ygiene in #ealth$Care Settings ,% p. &' retrieved ()*(*+ at

http-**www.cdc.gov*mmwr*D/*rr*rr'((0.pdf .

http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5116.pdf





Personal Protective Equipent



PPE: When to use

)D)& *++ uide#ines for Iso#ation Pre%autions, p. 0, retrieved*//+1 fromhttp&//'''.%d%.$ov/n%idod/dh2p/pdf/$uide#ines/Iso#ation*++.pdf .

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/guidelines/Isolation2007.pdf





Personal

ProtectiveEquipent

! ma3or %omponent of Standard Pre%autions

Prote%ts the skin and mu%ous mem4ranesfrom e5posure to infe%tious materia#s inspra( or spatter

Shou#d 4e removed 'hen #eavin$ treatmentareas



!as"s# Protective Eyewear#$ace %hields

6ear a sur$i%a# mask and either e(e prote%tion'ith so#id side shie#ds or a fa%e shie#d to prote%tmu%ous mem4ranes of the e(es, nose, and

mouth )han$e masks 4et'een patients )#ean reusa4#e fa%e prote%tion 4et'een patients7

if visi4#( soi#ed, %#ean and disinfe%t



Protective &lothing

6ear $o'ns, #a4 %oats, oruniforms that %over skin andpersona# %#othin$ #ike#( to4e%ome soi#ed 'ith 4#ood, sa#iva,

or infe%tious materia#

)han$e if visi4#( soi#ed

emove a## 4arriers 4efore#eavin$ the 'ork area



'loves

"inimi8e the risk of hea#th %are personne#a%2uirin$ infe%tions from patients

Prevent mi%ro4ia# f#ora from 4ein$transmitted from hea#th %are personne# to

patients edu%e %ontamination of the hands of

hea#th %are personne# 4( mi%ro4ia# f#orathat %an 4e transmitted from one patient to

another !re not a su4stitute for hand'ashin$9



Recoendations for 'loving

6ear $#oves 'hen %onta%t 'ith4#ood, sa#iva, and mu%ousmem4ranes is possi4#e

emove $#oves after patient%are

6ear a ne' pair of $#oves for

ea%h patient



Recoendations for 'loving1emove gloves that

are torn, cut or punctured

Do not wash, disinfector sterilize gloves for reuse



Use of $oot wear

6earin$ foot 'ear %overin$ entireso#e prote%ts the entr( of"i%ro4es from the %ontaminatedf#oors 'ith B#ood and Bod( f#uids.

emem4er man( of us have%ra%ks on our feet.





Handling and (isposal of %harps



(ealing with Used )eedle

Shreddin$ %ontinues

to 4e Important"ethod :f dea#in$'ith used Need#e



(ealing with )eedle stic"In*uries

)onsider a## Need#e sti%k in3uries as a serioushea#th ha8ard in the era of !IDS

!## events of Need#e sti%k in3uries to 4e

reported to the supervisor( staff.6ash the in3ured areas 'ith soap and 'ater. ;n%oura$e 4#eedin$ if an(. Proph(#a5is for prevention of <I=/<B= is top

priorit(.

!nti retrovira# proph(#a5is, if ne%essar( shou#dstarted 'ithin * hours, > if in3ur( is from <I=positive or hi$h risk $roup?.



Avoid )eedle %tic" In*uries



Protective ites



(econtaination of !etalInstruents

<o#d a## %ontaminated instruments 'ith#oved hands.

Su43e%t a## meta# instruments to 'ashin$'ith soap and 'ater.

Treat a## %ontaminated instruments 'ith*@ #utara#deh(de. For at #east +minutes.

"an( %onsider steri#i8in$ in <ot air oven if

not sharp instruments.



&ritical Instruents

Penetrate mu%ous mem4ranes or %onta%t4one, the 4#oodstream, or other norma##(steri#e tissues >of the mouth?

<eat steri#i8e 4et'een uses or use steri#esin$#e-use, disposa4#e devi%es

;5amp#es in%#ude sur$i%a# instruments,s%a#pe# 4#ades, periodonta# s%a#ers, andsur$i%a# denta# 4urs



%ei+critical Instruents

)onta%t mu%ous mem4ranes 4ut donot penetrate soft tissue

<eat steri#i8e or hi$h-#eve# disinfe%t

;5amp#es& Denta# mouth mirrors,

ama#$am %ondensers, and denta#handpie%es



)oncritical Instruentsand (evices

)onta%t inta%t skin

)#ean and disinfe%t usin$ a #o' tointermediate #eve# disinfe%tant

;5amp#es& A-ra( heads, fa%e4o's, pu#seo5imeter, 4#ood pressure %uff



Autoated &leaning

U#trasoni% %#eaner

Instrument'asher

6asher-disinfe%tor





Instruent Processing Area

Use a desi$nated pro%essin$ area to%ontro# 2ua#it( and ensure safet(

Divide pro%essin$ area into 'ork areas 1eceiving, cleaning, and decontamination

reparation and packaging

Sterilization

Storage



,HA)- ./U

Documents

Universal Precautions FKG