United Nations Population Division, 2007 The High-Level Dialogue on International Migration and Development POPULATION DIVISION Department of Economic

United Nations Population Division, 2007United Nations Population Division, 2007

The High-Level Dialogue on The High-Level Dialogue on International Migration and International Migration and

DevelopmentDevelopment

POPULATION DIVISIONPOPULATION DIVISIONDepartment of Economic & Social Department of Economic & Social

AffairsAffairs

UNITED NATIONSUNITED NATIONS


NUMBER OF MIGRANTSNUMBER OF MIGRANTS

Worldwide: 191 million in 2005Worldwide: 191 million in 2005

Of whichOf which In developed (MEDC): 91 millionIn developed (MEDC): 91 million In developing (LEDC): 21 millionIn developing (LEDC): 21 million

Consequently:Consequently:59 per cent are in high-income 59 per cent are in high-income

countriescountries


ASYMMETRIC GROWTH BY INCOME ASYMMETRIC GROWTH BY INCOME GROUPGROUP

57

1425 25

3321

26 23 28

91

Highincome

developed

Highincome

developing

Upper-middleincome

Lower-middleincome

Lowincome

1990 2005

Millions


MIGRANT STOCK IS ALMOST EQUALLY MIGRANT STOCK IS ALMOST EQUALLY DIVIDED INTO THREE TYPES DIVIDED INTO THREE TYPES

53 million53 millionNorth

South

61 million61 million

62

million

62

million

14 m

illion

14 m

illion

North

South


MIGRANTS CONSTITUTE HIGH PROPORTIONS MIGRANTS CONSTITUTE HIGH PROPORTIONS OF THE POPULATION IN FEW COUNTRIES OF THE POPULATION IN FEW COUNTRIES (MIGRANTS AS PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION, 2005)(MIGRANTS AS PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION, 2005)


Migration policies have become somewhat less restrictive

There is great diversity of policy stances among the countries.

There is growing preference for temporary migration schemes for education and investment

MIGRATION POLICIESMIGRATION POLICIES


MIGRATION POLICIESMIGRATION POLICIES

Programmes allowing skilled migration are common


Changes in Government policy regarding Changes in Government policy regarding immigrationimmigration

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Lower Maintain Nointervention

Raise

1996 2001 2003 2005

Percentage

of countries


Immigration policies, 2005Immigration policies, 2005


THE HIGH-LEVEL DIALOGUE THE HIGH-LEVEL DIALOGUE ON INTERNATIONAL ON INTERNATIONAL

MIGRATION AND MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT


Resolution 60/227 of 2005Resolution 60/227 of 2005

Date for HLD: 14-15 September 2006Date for HLD: 14-15 September 2006

HLD would have four round tables:HLD would have four round tables:

1. Migration and development1. Migration and development 2. Human rights, trafficking2. Human rights, trafficking 3. Multidimensional aspects, including 3. Multidimensional aspects, including

remittancesremittances 4. Partnerships and capacity building4. Partnerships and capacity building


Launch of the Secretary Launch of the Secretary General’s ReportGeneral’s Report

6 June 2006:6 June 2006:

SG Kofi Annan launched his report on SG Kofi Annan launched his report on International Migration and International Migration and

DevelopmentDevelopment

KEY RECOMMENDATION: To establish a KEY RECOMMENDATION: To establish a global consultative Forum to promote global consultative Forum to promote

inter-governmental dialogueinter-governmental dialogue


Strong engagement and Strong engagement and participation in HLDparticipation in HLD

132 Member States made 132 Member States made statements plus about 14 statements plus about 14

observersobservers

About 90 Member States were About 90 Member States were represented at the Vice-Ministerial represented at the Vice-Ministerial

level or abovelevel or above


VIEWS EXPRESSED BY VIEWS EXPRESSED BY MEMBER STATES DURING MEMBER STATES DURING

THE HLDTHE HLD


INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION IS A POSITIVE FORCE FOR IS A POSITIVE FORCE FOR

DEVELOPMENT WHEN DEVELOPMENT WHEN SUPPORTED BY SUPPORTED BY

APPROPRIATE POLICIESAPPROPRIATE POLICIES


IT IS POSSIBLE AND ADVISABLE IT IS POSSIBLE AND ADVISABLE TO STRENGTHEN TO STRENGTHEN

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION


RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IS RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IS NECESSARY TO REAP THE NECESSARY TO REAP THE

BENEFITS OF INTERNATIONAL BENEFITS OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONMIGRATION


NEED TO RATIFY THE CORE NEED TO RATIFY THE CORE HUMAN RIGHTS AND LABOUR HUMAN RIGHTS AND LABOUR

RIGHTS INSTRUMENTSRIGHTS INSTRUMENTS


NEED TO COMBAT TRAFFICKING NEED TO COMBAT TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS AND PROTECT THE IN PERSONS AND PROTECT THE

VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKINGVICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING


NEED TO ADDRESS THE ROOT NEED TO ADDRESS THE ROOT CAUSES OF MIGRATION: CAUSES OF MIGRATION:

POVERTY, LACK OF JOBS, POVERTY, LACK OF JOBS, VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN

RIGHTS….RIGHTS….


FACILITATE THE FLOW OF FACILITATE THE FLOW OF REMITTANCES, REDUCE REMITTANCES, REDUCE

TRANSFER COSTS, LEVERAGE TRANSFER COSTS, LEVERAGE THEIR IMPACTTHEIR IMPACT


Remittances received by Remittances received by developing countries, 1990 - 2005developing countries, 1990 - 2005

(Billions of US dollars)(Billions of US dollars)

31 34 40 4253 57 62

72 69 73 77 8599

116

160 167

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005


FOSTER LINKS WITH MIGRANT FOSTER LINKS WITH MIGRANT COMMUNITIES ABROAD. COMMUNITIES ABROAD.

TAKE MEASURES TO CHANNEL TAKE MEASURES TO CHANNEL THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS. DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.

FACILITATE RETURN.FACILITATE RETURN.


CONCERN ABOUT “BRAIN CONCERN ABOUT “BRAIN DRAIN”: LOSS OF SKILLED DRAIN”: LOSS OF SKILLED

WORKERS FROM LOW-INCOME WORKERS FROM LOW-INCOME COUNTRIESCOUNTRIES


VIEWS ON FORUM:VIEWS ON FORUM:

127 Member States participated127 Member States participated80 expressed support80 expressed support

Three expressed reservations:Three expressed reservations:Australia, Bulgaria, USAAustralia, Bulgaria, USA

(prefer regional approach)(prefer regional approach)


The Government of Belgium The Government of Belgium offered to host the first offered to host the first

meeting of the Global Forum meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and Developmenton Migration and Development


THE GLOBAL FORUMTHE GLOBAL FORUMTThree major sub-themes:

1. Human capital development and labour mobility

2. Remittances and other diaspora resources

3. Coherence and partnerships


Labour force projection for developed Labour force projection for developed countries with and without migrationcountries with and without migration

Projected population aged 15-64 (medium variant)

600

700

800

900

2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

(Mill

ion

s)

With

migration

Without

migration

100

million


Remittances and other Remittances and other diaspora resourcesdiaspora resources

Facilitating transfers, reducing costs

Improving impact of remittances at micro and macro levels

Working with migrants for development


Policy coherence and Policy coherence and partnershipspartnerships

Measuring migration and development impacts

Coherent policy planning on migration and development

Regional consultative processes and cooperation


MEMBER STATES FACE A MEMBER STATES FACE A NUMBER OF DILEMMASNUMBER OF DILEMMAS


Rich countries need migrants…Rich countries need migrants…

…but not an unlimited number….


Human rights....Human rights....

The most beneficial migration for The most beneficial migration for poor countries is “temporary poor countries is “temporary

worker migration”worker migration”

The typical “temporary worker The typical “temporary worker programme” is inconsistent with programme” is inconsistent with

the “rights-based approach”the “rights-based approach”


Competition for skills...Competition for skills...

Richer countries are opening Richer countries are opening doors for the skilleddoors for the skilled

Poor countries cannot afford to Poor countries cannot afford to lose high proportions of their lose high proportions of their

relatively small number of skilled relatively small number of skilled workersworkers

Documents

United Nations Population Division, 2007 The High-Level Dialogue on International Migration and Development POPULATION DIVISION Department of Economic