Unit Language Summary (Interchange 2)

Unit 1 Language summary

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Unit 1 Language summaryNounsbackgroundbicycle(summer) campchildhoodcomic bookcompetitiondegreediplomaheroimmigrantinterestmemory

movie staroccupationpersonal adpoliticspossessionrabbitscrapbooksnaketastetoytree housetrumpet

Adjectivesgood (at)messyneatonlineoutdoorprofessionaltwo-story

Verbsbe into (something)collectfollow

get (in trouble)get (to know)keep fitreferrememberskate

Adverbregularly

Vocabulary

Greeting someoneHi./Hello.

Introducing yourselfMy name is . . . ./I’m . . . .

Nice to meet you.Good to meet you, too.

Exchanging personal informationCould you tell me (a little) about yourself?

Sure. What do you want to know?Are you from . . . ?

Yes, I am./No, I’m not.Where were you born?

I was born in . . . . Did you grow up there?Did you go to school in . . . ?

Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.

Talking about past activitiesWhere did you learn to . . . ?How old were you when you began to . . . ?

I was . . . years old.What/Where did you use to . . . ?

When I was a kid, I used to . . . .

Talking about past abilitiesHow well did you . . . ?

I was pretty good.

ApologizingI’m (really) sorry.

Asking for and agreeing to a favorCan you . . . ?

Sure.

Expressions

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Unit 2 Language summary

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Unit 2 Language summaryNounsareabanquetcertificatecounterculturedistricteditorhighway(tourist) information

centermarvelmotoristnatureparadisepedestrianratingroadshopping mallsignslogantheme

Compound nounsbicycle lanebicycle standbus lane bus stationbus stopbus systemcash machinenewsstandnightclubparking garageparking space rush hourstreetlightsubway linesubway stationsubway stopsubway systemtaxi lanetaxi servicetaxi standtourism campaign

traffic jamtrain stationtrain stoptrain system

Pronounwhom

Adjectiveduty-free

Verbsallowcauseconcerncostprovidesightseesolvestay (open)

AdverbsupstairsAdverbs of quantityfewerlessmorenot enoughtoo manytoo much

Vocabulary

ExpressionsExpressing concernThere are too many . . . ./There is too much . . . . There should be fewer . . . ./There should be less . . . . We need more . . . .There aren’t enough . . . ./There isn’t enough . . . .

Getting someone’s attentionExcuse me.

Asking for informationCould you tell me where . . . ?Can you tell me how often . . . ?Do you know what time/when . . . ?Just one more thing.

Thanking someoneThanks (a lot).

Expressing probabilityIt should . . . .



Unit 3 Language summaryNouns(room and) boardexpensehouseworklistPIN numbersafarivegetablewish

Adjectivesafraidbrightcomfortablecrampeddingyhugeinconvenientmodernprivateseparateshabbytwo-carwild

Verbsaddexpectlocatemake (changes)

Prepositionper

Vocabulary

Giving an opinionThe . . . isn’t . . . enough.The . . . is too . . . . There aren’t enough . . . ./There isn’t enough . . . .It’s not as . . . as . . . .It doesn’t have as many . . . as . . . ./It has just as

many . . . as . . . .

Exchanging personal informationWhere are you living now?

I’m still . . . .

Expressing regret about a present situationI’m afraid so.I wish (that) I could . . . .I wish I didn’t . . . .I wish life were easier.

AgreeingMe, too.

Expressions


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Unit 4 Language summaryNounsFood and beveragesbageleggplantguacamole (dip)limepeanut butter(chili) pepperpopcornporksaltsaucesnailspicesugarvinegar

Otherappetizerbarbecuebowlcharcoalcookbookdietexamingredientmixturepanplate(food) poisoningrecipesideskewerslicetablespoonvideo game

Adjectivesbarbecuedcrispydiced ethnicmarinatedmeltedrawshreddedstrangetemptingtoasteduncooked

VerbsCooking methodsbakebarbecueboilfry

roaststeamtoastOtherclosecovercrycut upmarinatemashmeltmixrefrigeratespreadturn over

Adverbsfrom time to timelightlyovernight

Vocabulary

ExpressionsTalking about food and beveragesHave you ever eaten . . . ?

Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.It’s/They’re . . . !This/It sounds . . . ./They sound . . . .

Ordering in a restaurantHave you decided yet?

Yes. I’ll have . . . .And you?

I think I’ll have . . . .

Making and declining an offerWhy don’t you try some?

No, thanks./No, I don’t think so.

Describing a procedureFirst, . . . .Then, . . . .Next, . . . .After that, . . . .Finally, . . . .

Stating a preferenceI usually like to . . . .I prefer to . . . .



Unit 5 Language summaryNounsActivitiesantique shoppingcampingeating outfishingreadingsleddingOtheraccommodationATM cardcamperconditioncopycredit carddocumentequipmentfarefireplacefirst-aid kit

(art) galleryguidebookhiking bootsidentificationinnJacuzziliftmedicationnational parknightlifeoptionovernight bagplane ticketresortroutesafetysleighspecialtystall

suitcasesurfboardtaptourvaccinationvisawindbreakerwonderland

Adjectivescandlelit(a) couple (of)cross-countryexactexcitedhorse-drawnluxuriousnecessaryrequiredround-trip

VerbsModalshad bettermustought toshouldOtheravoidbring backcarrycheck outdiscoverfeaturefix upincludemention

Adverbsby myselfin advance

Conjunctionwhether

Vocabulary

Talking about definite plansHave you made any plans?

I’m going to . . . .

Talking about possible plansI guess I’ll . . . . Maybe I’ll . . . .I think I’ll . . . .I’ll probably . . . .

Asking about length of timeFor how long?How long are you going to . . . ?How many days will you . . . ?

Describing necessityYou must/You need to/You (don’t) have to . . . .

Giving suggestionsYou’d better/You ought to/You should/You shouldn’t . . . .

Making and accepting an offerWhy don’t you . . . ?

Do you mean it? I’d love to!

Expressions



Unit 6 Language summaryNounsassociationeffortenjoymentflowergroceriesguestguidelinehallwayhousehold chorelaptopmessprogramseatsecuritysound

stereostrangersurveytenanttoothbrushtoweltrash

Adjectivesfollowingpleasant

VerbsTwo-part verbsclean upgo throughhang up

keep cleanlet outpick upput awaytake offtake outthrow outturn downturn offturn onOtheradmitapologizebotherclearcontact

criticizefeel (free)lendlockmake suremindnagpromiserealize

Adverbsas soon asbadlyloudlyquietly

Vocabulary

ExpressionsMaking and agreeing/objecting to a requestPlease . . . .

OK. No problem!Oh, but . . . .

Can/Could you . . . ?Sure, no problem.I’d be glad to.

Would you please . . . ?OK. I’ll . . . .

Would you mind . . . ?Sorry. I’ll . . . right away.

Giving an excuseI’m sorry. I didn’t realize . . . .

Admitting a mistakeI’m sorry. I forgot.You’re right. I was wrong.

Making an offerI’ll . . . right away.

Making a promiseI promise I’ll . . . ./I’ll make sure to . . . .

Expressing annoyanceGoodness!

Expressing surpriseAre you kidding?



Unit 7 Language summaryNounsMachines/Appliancesanswering machinebatterycalculatorcamcorderCD-ROMrobotsatelliteWalkmanOtherarea codeassignmentbillbossburglarbuttoncallercriminaldisk drive

dropoutengineerevader(DNA) fingerprintinggeekhackerhardwareimpressioninstructioninventionkeyboardlettermonitormousepercentagerecordingroboticsscreentasktechnology

technophiletermtransmissionvoice mailwatercraftWeb sitewhizWorld Wide Web

Adjectiveempty

Verbsaffectbrowsecheckcut and pastedialdouble-click (on)download drag and drop

entertainescapefeedhighlighthouse-sitinfluenceperformpressprotectreceiverechargeringscansetstoretransmitunderstand

Vocabulary

Describing a use or purposeWhat’s this for?

It’s used for . . . ./It’s used to . . . .I can use it for . . . ./I can use it to . . . .

What are these for?They’re used for . . . ./They’re used to . . . .You can use them for . . . ./You can use them to . . . .

Giving adviceFirst of all, be sure to . . . .And don’t forget to . . . . Make sure to . . . .Remember to . . . .Try not to . . . .

Expressions



Unit 8 Language summaryNounsHolidays, festivals, andcelebrationsApril Fools’ DayCarnavalChildren’s DayChinese New YearDay of the DeadLabor DayMother’s DayNew Year’s DayNew Year’s EveThanksgivingValentine’s DayOtherboyfriend

bridecemeteryceremonycourtshipcranberry saucecustomdancingdiamond ringfirecrackerfireworksfruit punchget-togethergroomharvesthome moviehoneymoon

luckmarriagereceptionresolutionsambashrinespeechstreamerstrickturkey

Adjectivesnationalromanticsurprise

Verbsbe likecourtdateget (engaged/married/

together)honorlastlook forwardoccurpicnic

Adverbsat least in honor (of)

Vocabulary

ExpressionsDescribing holidays, festivals, and celebrations. . . is a day/a night when . . . . . . . is the day when . . . . . . . is the month when . . . .. . . is the season when . . . .A . . . is a time when . . . .Before . . . , . . . .After . . . , . . . . When . . . , . . . .

Asking about customsHow old are people when they . . . ?Is there . . . ?Where is the . . . usually held?What happens during the . . . ?What do . . . wear?What kind of food is served?



Unit 9 Language summaryNounsaccidentadvantageautomobilecatalogcharitycinema(common) coldcommunicationconsequenceconstruction sitecuredisadvantage

environmentfinefirst classhousingjet airplaneleaderocean linerpostal systemrailroadreality gamespace flightstax

Adjectivesaudioboredcommercialflyinghigh-payingmultiplex3-Dunexpectedviolentvirtual

VerbsModalsmaymightOtherconsiderdonateinheritlitterstartear down

Adverbsinsteadnowadayssoon

Vocabulary

Talking about the pastIn the past, . . . .People used to . . . .. . . years ago, people . . . .

Talking about the presentThese days, . . . .Today, people . . . .Nowadays, people . . . .

Talking about the futureSoon, there will be . . . . In . . . years, people might/may . . . .In the future, people are going to . . . .

Describing situations and possible consequencesIf I . . . , I won’t have to . . . . If you don’t . . . , you’ll have to . . . .If they . . . , they might . . . . If you . . . , you may have to . . . .

Expressions



Unit 10 Language summaryNounsJobs/Occupationsaccountantarchitectartistbookkeeper(entertainment) directorjournalistmarine biologistmodelnovelistreportersongwriterstockbroker

Otheractivityarticleattitudecalendarco-workercruise shipdecisiondiaperemployerexcursionexperiencemarketingpersonnelpressureproductrequirementrésuméstock market

Adjectivesassistantbad-temperedbilingualcreativecriticaldisorganizeddoor-to-doorforgetfulgeneroushardworkingimpatientlevel-headed moodypatientpunctualrecentreliablestrictunfriendly

Verbsbreak (into)commutedo for a livinghireinterviewironmaintainmake (a decision/

a mistake)manageorganizeschedule

Prepositionsto and fromtoward

Vocabulary

ExpressionsTalking about possible occupationsI’d make a good/bad . . . because I’m

. . . and I like/don’t like . . . .I wouldn’t want to be a/an . . .

because I’m too . . . .I could (never) be a/an . . . because

I’m good/not good at . . . .I wouldn’t mind working as a/an . . .

because I really like . . . .

Expressing feelings and opinionsI like/hate/enjoy . . . . I’m interested in . . . .I’m not good at . . . .I don’t mind . . . .I can’t stand . . . .

Agreeing with feeling and opinionsSo do I.So am I.Neither am I.Neither do I.Neither can I.

Disagreeing with feeling and opinionsOh, I don’t./Really? I . . . .Gee, I’m not.I am!Well, I do.Oh, I don’t mind.



Unit 11 Language summaryNounsbattlecattlecorncropcurrencyelectronics industryhair salonlandmarklobstermicrochipnoveloperaoyster

plainplaywrightpresidentradiumrevolutionsheepstructuretextile industrytravel agentvariety

Adjectivesagriculturaldigital

high-definitionlowlandofficialroyalsnow-cappedwide

Verbscatchcomposeconstructconsumecultivatedirect

employexportfarmfillfilmmake upmanufactureproduceraiserecord

Adverbofficially

Vocabulary

Describing works of art, inventions, and discoveries. . . was built/composed/created/designed/directed/

painted/recorded/written by . . . .. . . was developed/discovered/invented/produced by . . . .

Asking about a countryWhere is . . . located?What languages are spoken in . . . ?What currency is used in . . . ?Is English spoken (much) there?Are credit cards accepted (everywhere)?

Responding to difficult questionsI’m not sure. Isn’t it . . . ?I think . . . , but I’m not sure.I really have no idea.How would I know?

Expressing confusionHuh?What?Where?

Expressions



Unit 12 Language summaryNounsaccomplishmentauthorbillionaireendingmining companymudrolesoftwaretutor

Adjectivesasleepcalmface downface up leadingmodeling (career)normaltinyunlucky

Verbsbe on one’s waybe out (of)breakget/have a chancekayakmodelpursueslipsnowboardtoss

Adverbscoincidentallyfortunatelygenerallyluckilymiraculouslysadlystrangelysuddenlysurprisinglyunexpectedlyunfortunately

Vocabulary

ExpressionsTalking about past eventsI was . . . , but I never . . . .I was . . . when I . . . . While I was . . . , . . . .

Exchanging personal informationHave you been doing anything exciting recently?

Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.What have you been doing lately/these days?

I’ve been . . . .How long have you been doing that?

For . . . .How have you been?

Great! What about you?

Greeting someone after a long timeI haven’t seen you in ages.Has it been . . . since I last saw you?

Expressing interest and surpriseThat’s definitely lucky!Wow! Tell me more.Oh, really? That’s interesting.Really? I didn’t know that!Oh, I see.Gee, I had no idea.

Asking for a reasonHow come?



Unit 13 Language summaryNounsMovie typesactionadventure animated classiccomedydocumentarydramafantasyhorrormusicalmysteryromancescience fictionthrillerwarOtheractingalienbillcategory

charactercriticdirectoricebergmaniamayorphotographyscriptsmilesocietyspecial effectstorystudiotitlevillage

Adjectivesabsurdbizarredisgustingdreadfuldumb

fairfascinatinghilarioushorriblemainmarvelousoddoutstandingpoorridiculoussillystupidtalentedweirdwonderful

Verbsamazeamuseannoybe based (on)bore

chaseconfusedisgustembarrassexcitefascinateget left (behind)interestlaughput downrateremindscareshocksinksurprisetake place

Adverbsby mistakein a row

Vocabulary

Giving opinions about movies, books, and peopleI’m interested in . . . .I thought . . . was an exciting book.I’m fascinated by . . . .I think . . . is a wonderful actress.I find . . . fascinating.

Describing movies, books, and peopleIt’s the movie which/that . . . .It was a great book which/that . . . . It’s about a man/woman who/that . . . .He’s/She’s . . . who/that . . . .

Expressions



Unit 14 Language summaryNounsbike rackfightgesturegumhard hatlaneleashnailobligationparking ticketpeacepermissionprohibitionregulationrule

seat beltsituationspeed limitwarningwastepaper basket

Adjectivesannoyedconfuseddisgustedembarrassedfrustratedirritatednervousreserved

VerbsModalscancouldhave (got) toOtherbite campchewexistfastenflashgo awaylandnoticerecyclerepeat

rollscratchstealtapthrowturn outtwirlwrinkle

Adverbsabsolutelyperhapspossibly

Prepositionfrom (side to side)

Vocabulary

ExpressionsHypothesizingIt might/may mean . . . .It could mean . . . .Maybe/Perhaps it means . . . .

Making a logical assumptionThat must mean . . . .That probably means . . . .

DisagreeingI don’t think so.

Expressing permissionYou can . . . .You’re allowed to . . . .

Expressing prohibitionYou can’t . . . .You aren’t allowed to . . . .

Expressing obligationYou have to . . . .You’ve got to . . . .



Unit 15 Language summaryNounsadvice columnbusinessmancampsitecombcounselorcushionflat tiregarage salehonestyjailownerpredicament

radio talk showrepair shoprewardshopping problemtruthvalue

Adjectivesashamedbrieforiginaltough

Verbsaffordbreak downcheatconfessdenydislikedivorceexchangehideignorereplyshoplift

spankspillthrow awaytrustwarnyell

Adverbsimmediately personallysimplystraight

Vocabulary

Describing imaginary situations andconsequences in the present

What would you do if . . . ?If I . . . , I’d/I could/I might/I wouldn’t . . . .

Saying someone is rightHmm. You’ve got a point there.

Expressing disbeliefYou’re kidding!

Giving opinions or suggestions about actions in the past

What should I have done?You should have . . . .You shouldn’t have . . . .

What would you have done?I would have . . . .I wouldn’t have . . . .

Expressions



Unit 16 Language summaryNounsangerapologycoachcomplimentcriticismhouseguest

intentionlieregretridesympathy

Adjectivedue

Verbsexpressfly (in)get (out)have (the flu)make (a date/plans)reorganize

sailweigh

Adverbout of (town)

Vocabulary

ExpressionsReporting requests. . . asked/told me to . . . .. . . said to . . . .. . . asked/told me not to . . . .. . . said not to . . . .

Reporting statements. . . said (that) . . . .. . . told me (that) . . . .

Exchanging personal informationHow are things?

Just fine, thanks.

Talking on the phoneHi, . . . . This is . . . .

Oh, hi.

Expressing regretThat’s too bad.I’m really sorry.

I’m sorry, too.


Documents

Unit Language Summary (Interchange 2)