UNIT CHAPTER 2 Rural and Urban Communities

8/3/2019 UNIT CHAPTER 2 Rural and Urban Communities

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Community


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COMMUNITY

It is a place where one lives, work and play.

It refers to some sub-groups such as in a a

community of priests of nuns, scholars or artists It

may also refer to a locality group. Ex. Neighborhood,

town a city or a nation.

Communities maybe classified according to functionand specialization. URBAN OR RURAL.


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What is a rural community

A rural community is form of association maintained between the people andtheir institutions in a local area in which they live on dispersed farmsteads andin a village usually forms the center of their common activities.


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Elements of a rural community

1.Locality there is an identifiable geographical area. Theterritory may be large or small, depending upon otherfactors.

2.People of Community residents maybe few or many; theymay be densely settled or widely scattered. The confines ofa community are not determined by any fixed standards ofpopulation or of area size , etc.

3. Common dependence upon institutions & servicesis thedetermining factor. People belong to the same communitybecause they buy at the same stores, sell at the same

markets, deal with the same banks, attend the sameschools and churches.


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Rural Culture & Social Structure

From subcultural theory- rural people often have a

magical attraction to the cities.

Rural people are more conservative compared to

urban people

Familism

Farming is a part of the culture of the rural

community. Security- the rural person finds his greatest security

in the family.


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Rural Culture & Social Structure

Strong people orientation- face-to-face

interaction preference.

Traditional values- tend to be more politically

and socially conservative.

Suspicion of outsiders


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Characteristics

1. Relationships are personal and intimate

2. strong mutual aid and neighbor lines prevail

3. resistant to change4. adhere to traditions

5. fatalistic attitude


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Class Structure

Upper Class - constitute a small portion of the

population., made up of wealthy landowners,

barrio officials.

Lower Class - constitute the bulk of the

population. Made up of workers, the laborers

or small people.


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The Rural Family

More nuclear than extended family

Strong family ties

Family is bilateral couple has the choice aswhere to reside

In terms of residence it is either bilocal or

neolocal

(independent) Early marriages

High birth rate


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Rural Economy

highincidence of poverty

Occupation fishing, farming and forestry

Dependent upon agriculture


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Rural Government

Barrio government is represented by the

barrio captain.

It is dependent from the national government.


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Rural Education

majority are Roman Catholics

Most of the Catholics do not understand the doctrine

and teachings of the church but are

more interested in its rituals and artifacts.

To the rural folk religion is a means by which they

are helped to face lifes problem and major crisis.

It also offers opportunities for socializing andengaging in social action programs.


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Rural Recreation and the Fiesta

Limited recreational facilities Ways of spending are visiting and chatting with

friends & gossiping with them.

Fiesta - a socio-religious activity looked forward to

by the rural folk.a). a way of relaxation and recreation

b) provides service

c) educational agency

d) reunion timee) celebration of patron saint

f) a status symbol


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Rural Health

there is a dual system of medication in the

rural area.

1. Scientific

2. Folk medicine


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Rural community

small rural communities are held together by ties

based on shared ideas and common experiences-

Ferdinand Toennies

Farming is their way of life. They get their living fromfarming and other agricultural activities.

Rural communities have a lower income per capita

compared to the urban cities.

Rural communities are less developed in terms of

infrastructures.


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URBAN COMMUNITIES

Include cities and the metropolitan areas;

Center of major social institutions;Populated/congested;

Diversity of groups;

Disorder of the Physical environment


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Cities generally have advancedsystems for sanitation, utilities, land

usage, housing, and transportation

and more. This proximity greatlyfacilitates interaction between

people and businesses, benefiting

both parties in the process.

URBAN COMMUNITIES


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URBAN COMMUNITIES

Highly Urbanized Cities - Cities witha minimum population of two hundred

thousand (200,000) inhabitants, as

certified by the National StatisticsOffice, and with the latest annual

income of at least Fifty Million Pesos(P50,000,000.00) based on 1991constant prices, as certified by the citytreasurer.


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City It is defined as a relatively large dense and

permanent settlement of socially heterogeneousindividual.

It is defined as a geographic area designated by aspecial name, comprising a large aggregation of

people engaged in non-agricultural pursuits, andrecognized by its inhabitants and its charteringauthority as a city.

Localities maybe defined as urban depending ontheir size, which varies from one society to another.

Other criteria are occupation, density, legalcommunity status and socio-economic status.


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Urbanization

is the physical growth of urban areas from

rural areas as a result of population

immigration to an existing urban area. While

the exact definition and population size of

urbanized areas varies among different

countries, urbanization is attributed to growth

of cities.


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Urbanization is also defined by the

United Nations as movement ofpeople from rural to urban areaswith population growth equating to

urban migration. The UN hasprojected that half of the world's

population would live in urbanareas at the end of 2008.


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URBAN CULTURE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE

A. Urban Social Relationship

* impersonal* superficial* transitory and segmental* secondary type of relationship

B. Culture* Rapid social change* high degree of cultural heterogeneity

C. Family Life and marriagea. City people marry less and later

b. independent familyc. less childrend. they tend to seek a higher standard of living.


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Causes of Urbanization

Urbanization occurs naturally from individual

and corporate efforts to reduce time and

expense in commuting and transportation

while improving opportunities for jobs,

education, housing, and transportation. Living

in cities permits individuals and families to

take advantage of the opportunities ofproximity, diversity, and marketplace

competition.


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People move into cities to seek economic

opportunities. In rural areas, often on small

family farms, it is difficult to improve one's

standard of living beyond basic sustenance.Farm living is dependent on unpredictable

environmental conditions, and in times of

drought, flood or pestilence, survival becomesextremely problematic.


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Urban

The word "urban" is an adjective. It describes

people, places and things that have to do with

life in a big town or city.

Now that we know what the words urban andcommunitymean, we can put them together.

What is an urban community? An "urban

community" is a group of people living in anarea that is in a big town or city.

Documents

UNIT CHAPTER 2 Rural and Urban Communities