UNIT 7 LESSON 5

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

Student will be able to discuss urban sprawl, gentrification, and movement from CBD

WHERE WE LEFT OFF…

Central Business District Expensive land Used primarily for business purposes

Then in the 1960’s….People really started to move away (think Pruitt-Igoe)So the CBD still has businesses, but not to the extent before

Large cities still have very desirable land-use for this area, but mostly for corporate buildings

WHERE DID EVERYONE GO? (1960’S & EARLY 1970’S)

1st: Who is everyone? (People wealthy enough to have cars)

2nd: Succession occurs When one population moves from an area, another moves in…so in the city the “wealthy areas” become inhabited by middle-class, middle-class areas inhabited by low-income earners…low-income earner areas typically then become immigrant areas.

Wealthy people first move to the suburbs Middle-Class then follows

Leads to “Urban Decay” (Pruitt-Igoe)

DENSITY GRADIENT

-It’s impossible to see this picture unless it’s on your computer, even then you might need to adjust it.-This shows the “Density Gradient” of Chicago in 1900 and how it changes to 1990-Density Gradient is about how many people live per-square hectare. As the population becomes more mobile, the population spreads further out from CBD.

URBAN SPRAWL

Sprawl: “the progressive spread of development over the landscape.” New developers who build suburbs will seek out cheap landTypically not contiguous to existing built-up land (which would be more expensive)

Creates pockets or gaps in cities because developers will often leave vacant areas

Roads and utilities most extend to connect new developments

Wastes land

U.K. and a few cities in U.S. will have a “Green Belt”, nothing can be developed in that area; forcing more concentration and less sprawling.

LET’S GO TO THE CITY! (2000’S)

Urban renewalYounger business professionals find the CBD and central city areas attractive places

Urban renewal projects often specifically targeted this group by building up night-life and/or public transportation

People are moving back to the city (typically people without families)Detropia; remember the artist talking about the cheap housing?

HOORAY! GENTRIFICATION

Businesses/housing want to attract the younger/more affluent customer so build up specifically for that person

Areas that were previously “blighted” are invested in and renovated to attract the people moving back to the city.

Increase tax base, bring in more money for services Drive-up the overall value of an area gentrification When you walk out the front door of school today; look up, see the construction, this is gentrification.

OH-NO! GENTRIFICATION.

More people want to live in the area (drive up demand)Increased rents (remember, lower socio-economic more renters)

Increased cost of housing Increased cost of housing leads to an increase in property valuesEven if a person does not want to sell their property taxes go up.Property taxes are the amount a person owes EVERY year; regardless if they own their house

Higher property taxes means that people are forced outHouse is sold for cheap b/c it’s a “tear-down” only the land is being bought