Unit 5 Notes Page 1-2

January 2

Welcome back!

• Today: – Today you will be able to:

• Describe the history of the periodic table• Describe how elements are organized in the periodic

table

– Periodic Table Activity– Notes

Historical Context

• The Periodic Table shows every known element

• But it wasn’t always how it is today

Classical Elements, 450 BCE

• Funny:

“A Table of Chymicall and Philosophicall Charecters”, 1670

Elements, John Dalton, 1608

Telluric Screw, 1862

Octaves, John Newlands, 1865

Periodic Table Activity

• ~30 minutes to complete• Groups of 3-4 people• Turn in:

– Lab sheet for EACH PERSON– Set of cards for each GROUP

• Turn in before end of class today• Keep cards nice, paper clip together and turn

in

Properties

• Some useful vocab: – Allotropic – exists in more

than one form– Metalloid – between a metal

and nonmetal– Base – opposite of an acid

NameSymbol

Various Properties

~ Atomic Mass

Periodic Table Activity

Elements will fit in a square 8 across, 5 down

I. HistoryCh. 5 - The Periodic Table

Mendeleev, 1869

Modern Periodic Table

Sheehan, 1976

Alternative Table: “System Québécium”, 2002

Alternative Table: Makeyev, 2011

As art: Elemental Garden Rebecca Kamen, 2009

History of the Periodic Table

• Now it’s note-taking time!

A. Mendeleev

• Dmitri Mendeleev (1869, Russian)– Organized elements by increasing

atomic mass– Grouped known elements by their

properties– Some discrepancies in placement:

• Iodine (127) after Tellurium (128)

A. Mendeleev• Dmitri Mendeleev (1869, Russian)

– Predicted properties of undiscovered elements.

B. Moseley

• Henry Moseley (1913, British)– Organized by increasing atomic number.

– Resolved discrepancies in Mendeleev’s arrangement.

II. Organization of theElements

Review

• Period: – Horizontal

• Group/Family: – Vertical

A. Metallic Character• Metals• Nonmetals• Metalloids

– Boron (B), Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge), Arsenic (As), Antimony (Sb), Tellurium (Te)

B - BigSi - SizedGe - GerbilsAs – AssureSb - Some BigTe - Teasing

B. Blocks• s • p• d• f

Main group

1

2

3

4 5

6

7

C. Chemical Reactivity• Families

– Similar valence e- within a group result in similar properties

– They have similar valence configurations

1

2

3

4 5

6

7

B. Chemical Reactivity• Alkali Metals• Alkaline Earth Metals• Transition metals• Inner transition metals• Halogens• Noble Gases*

s1

s2

d-block f-block s2p5

s2p6

Noble Gases

• Are unreactive due to their full valence configurations

• S2p6 – cannot fit any more electrons in that energy level