UNIT 5 Concepts and Perception of Health, Illness & Diseases and Healing System

8/12/2019 UNIT 5 Concepts and Perception of Health, Illness & Diseases and Healing System

1/5

Concepts and perception of health, illness &disease/healing system

UNIT# V

CONCEPTS AND PERCEPTION OF HEALTH, ILLNESS & DISEASE/HEALING

SYSTEM

OBJECTIVEAt the end ! th" $n"t %e'ne' ("%% )e )%e t*

1. Describe the concept of health, illness and disease.

2. Discuss perception of health & illness in different societies & culture

3. Discuss health & disease as a product of social behavior

4. Differentiate beteen the different healing system & practitioners.!. Describe basic principle eastern & estern medicine

". #dentify issues of integration of traditional healing practice & modern medicine.

DEFINITION OF HEALTH

$ccording to %' health is defined as, $ condition of physical, mental, and social ell(

being and the absence of disease or other abnormal condition. #t is not a static condition,constant change and adaptation stress result in homeostasis.

$ccording to )ene Dubos health is defined as, *+he states of health or disease are the

epression of the success or failure eperienced by the organism in its efforts to respond

adaptively to environment changes.

ILLNESS

$n abnormal process, in hich aspects of the social, physical, emotional or intellectual

condition and function of a person are diminished or impaired, compared ith that

person-s previous condition

#llness is used to tal about both more severe and more minor medical problem and those

that affect mental health.oford dictionary0

DISEASE

$ condition of abnormal vital function involving any structure, part or system of an

organism oford dictionary 0

$ specific illness or disorder characteried by a recogniable set of signs and symptoms,

attributable to heredity, infection, diet or environment.

Disease is a medical problem affecting human animals or plants caused by infection

ome thing that is very rong ith people attitude, ay of life or ith society

reed is disease of modern society.

Disease is used to tal about more severe physical medical problem, especially those that

affect the organ oford dictionary0

PERCEPTION OF HEALTH AND ILLNESS IN DIFFERENT SOCIETIES AND

CULTURE

Culture refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that include the language,

thoughts, actions, customs, beliefs and institutions of racial, ethnic, social, or religiousgroups.

+here are obvious differences in patterns of health and illness across societies and

cultures. +here has historically been a long(term decline in mortality ithin industrialied


2/5


societies, and on average, life(epectancies are considerably higher in developed, rather

than developing or undeveloped, societies.

ere e ill discuss some perceptions of different societies and culture about health and

illness5

+ MEDEVAL PEOPLES

+hey ere very superstitious and sa disease and illness as the result of blac magic or

punishment from god. +hey also blamed different social group bringing in disease.

- AFRICANS*

+o(thirds of the orlds #6 population is located in ub(aharan $frica. , there are

many beliefs that an infected male can be cured of the infection by having se ith a

virgin. +hese beliefs increase the number of people ith the virus and also increase thenumber of rapes against omen. ths perception is taing health status of $frica more

don.

. ASIA

$sian countries have ide variations of population, ealth, technology and health care,

causing attitudes toards health and illness to differ. 7or eample 8aistani culture belies

that5

o

Certain sin diseases are because of impure blood hich needs purification by neemsleaves etc

o 9ating papaya during pregnancy cause abortion

o 9ating green leafy vegetables causes dar sin of fetus

o 9ating from common plate and drunen from common glass is sign of brotherhood

o #n 8aistan, decisions concerning pregnancy and antenatal care $:C0 are usually

made by older omen, often the pregnant oman-s mother(in(la,

%estern methods are overtaing the traditional in an attempt to improve maternal health

and increase the number of live births.

4. EUROPE

9urope is seeing an increase in the spread of #6/$#Din 9astern 9urope because of a

orsening socioeconomic situation cardiovasculardisease,cancer anddiabetes mellitus

are more prevalent is 9astern 9urope. %orld ealth 'rganiation %'0 claims thatpoverty is the most important factor bringing on ill health across 9urope.

HEALTH AND DISEASE AS A PRODUCT OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

ocial behavior refers to the range of behaviors ehibited by human and hich are

influenced by culture, attitude, emotion, values and ethic. ocial behavior plays an

important role in health. +here are to types of social behavior one is the positive and the

2ndone is the negative social behavior both these leads toered opposite result.

7or instance if person ho is encourage and commanded by elders and peers that the

person develop a felling of competences and belief in their sill. +his is a positive sign

for person-s health because he develops a positive self concept.

#f e tae the eample of negative behavior continuously neglect a person may suffers

from isolation and ultimately it lead toards the depression, anger and totally become

disturbed this hat e called negative behavior hich create these problems.

7or sociologists the eperience of sicness and disease is an outcome of the organiation

of society-s. 8oor living oring condition mae people sicer and poorer people die

earlier, than their counter parts at the top of the social system.

Domestic violence leaves strict negative impact on member of families because they

faces continuously disturbed environment in homes.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHO


3/5


$ccording to +homas ;coga also has a supernatural healing poer. ealing >oga, an

eclusive type of >oga in itself, hich has evolved from other

traditional practices, has been made use of in healing disorders

ranging from constipation hyperacidity, asthma and bronchitis to

cancer, heart disorders, hypertension, insomnia, menstrual

disorders, obesity, sinus and a number of other diseases.

HEALING BY MEDITATION

+his is a very forceful and effective )eii meditation that gives relaation, mental calmness,

clarity, increased ability to visualie, clairvoyance, increased healing poer and a iderconsciousness. +ry #t???

HEALING BY MUDRA

;udra is the ansrit name for folding your fingers in different ays to force energy to go a

certain ay in your system.


4/5


PRINCPLE OF EASTERN AND 2ESTERN MEDICINE

+he different beteen the eastern and estern forms of health care very simple. %e have

all come to learn that food eaten in its most natural state is the healthiest us. 9ating a

fresh vegetable salad verses canned vegetables offers more nutrients to eep a body

healthy. $pplying this to medicine, hile everything comes from some place in the

universe, the eastern from of health care uses more naturally occurring ingredients fortheir medicines.

+ EASTERN MEDICINE

9astern medicine is called *holistic@ medicine. olistic medicine considers a person-s

mind, body, diet and eercise, lifestyle and relationship, or and leisure, achievement

and problem. >ou may have a pain your leg, a headache, or be suffering from us but

these ill not be vieed in isolation and treated separately.

+he eastern doctor has an ancient system hich taes all of a person-s mind, body and

spirit symptoms and locates the roots of these problems.

9astern drugs are made of mostly natured ingredient and as such are almost free from

side effect.

- 2ESTERN MEDICATION %estern medicine is also called allopathic different pathology0 medicine.

+he estern doctors find outs all of your physical symptoms and gives you a drug for

each one aimed at combating the problems by producing effect that are different than

hat the problem is causing. 9.g. if you are coughing, have a runny nose and diarrhea,

they are going to prescribe a cough suppressant, something to dry up the mucous and

something to harden your stool, remedies designed to Auicly stop each of the symptoms

%estern drug, despite their effectiveness for specific problem, often produce unepected

effects.

INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONAL HEADING AND MODREN MEDICINE

+raditional and modern medicines have much to offer each other despite their difference.

+raditional medicine +;0 is due a revival. 7or millennia, people around the ord havehealed the sic ith herbal ort animal(derived remedies, handed don throughgeneration. #n $frica and $sia, B per cent of the population still uses traditional

remedies rather than modern medicine for primary healthcare.

$nd in developed nations, +; is rapidly gaining appeal. 9stimates suggest up to B per

cent of the population has tried a therapy such as acupuncture or homeopathy. $nd a

survey conducted earlier this year found that 4 per cent of us medical student believe

that estern medicine ould benefit by integrating traditional or alternative therapy and

practices. 7or eample artemisinin produced by the Chinese herb and used as anti(malaria

ACUPUNCTURE

$cupuncture is a collection of procedures hich involves

+he stimulation of points on the body using a variety of techniAue, such as penetrating

the sin ith needless that are then manipulated manually or by electrical stimulation. #t

is one of the ey components of traditional Chinese medicine and is among the oldest

healing practice in the orld according to the traditional Chinese medicine approach,

stimulating specific acupuncture points.

Current research suggests that traditional forms of acupuncture are more effective than

placebos in the relief of certain types of pain and post(operative nausea. )ecent


5/5


systematic revies found that acupuncture also seems to be a promising treatment option

for aniety, sleep disturbances, and depression.

Documents

UNIT 5 Concepts and Perception of Health, Illness & Diseases and Healing System