Plan of Action You will each get a Chromebook where youll
conduct some research on a certain topic youll have 15 minutes
write down as much as you can.as fast as you can Well share our
findings with the class where youll have another 15 minutes to
confer with the people who conducted the same research you did and
summarize your information on a poster (orange paper) Present your
information to the class in the last 15 minutes
Slide 4
Friday10/3/2014 Watch Mystery of the Megavolcano Stay awake and
take notes Open note quiz on Monday! Homework: SQ3R 18.1 Due
Monday
Slide 5
Monday10/6/2014 Have out SQ3R 18.1 for me to check in! Go over
test together and pass back other handouts Test and extra credit
quiz Want to know your grades? Come see me individually. NatoGeo
Internet Investigations NO HOMEWORK!
Slide 6
Tuesday 10/7/2014 Chromebooks Internet Investigation Finish
this and turn it in today Last 10 minutes Unit #3 Plate Tectonics
and Volcanoes Unit Objectives and Vocab
Slide 7
Wednesday 10/8/2014 Turn in Internet Investigation CSI Ashfall
Investigation Go over homework together Unit Objectives and
Vocabulary
Slide 8
10.9.2014Thursday Have your CSI Investigation out to be checked
Lets go over it together Unit Objectives and Vocabulary Volcano
Lecture Homework: 18.2 SQ3R
Slide 9
Analyze the interactions between the major systems (geosphere,
atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere) that make up the Earth.
Compounds from the geosphere move into the atmosphere and
hydrosphere through volcanic eruptions. Explain, using specific
examples, how a change in one system affects other Earth systems.
Volcanism can cause a temporary global cooling with secondary
effects on the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. Describe the
Earths principal sources of internal and external energy (e.g.,
radioactive decay, gravity, solar energy). In the earliest stage of
Earths history, internal thermal energy was generated from
gravitational force, the decay of radioactive elements and
extraterrestrial impacts. Describe natural processes in which heat
transfer in the Earth occurs by conduction, convection, and
radiation. Convection of heat in the Earths mantle is thought to
drive the motion of plates.
Slide 10
Explain how plate tectonics accounts for the features and
processes (sea floor spreading, mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones,
earthquakes and volcanoes, mountain ranges) that occur on or near
the Earths surface. Explain why tectonic plates move using the
concept of heat flowing through mantle convection, coupled with the
cooling and sinking of aging ocean plates that result from their
increased density. The main driving force of plate motion is
gravity-controlled sinking of cooler, denser oceanic lithosphere
(as a limb of a convection cell) into subduction zones. The
subducting ocean lithosphere pulls the rest of the plate along with
it. Describe the motion history of geologic features (e.g., plates,
Hawaii) using equations relating rate, time, and distance.
Distinguish plate boundaries by the pattern of depth and magnitude
of earthquakes.
Slide 11
Use the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes to locate and
determine the types of plate boundaries. Volcanoes are
characterized by their size and shape and classified into three
types of landforms. Their form is controlled by magma chemistry and
the plate tectonic context. Describe how the sizes of earthquakes
and volcanoes are measured or characterized. Describe the effects
of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions on humans. (Yellowstone)
(Pompeii)YellowstonePompeii Explain how the chemical composition of
magmas relates to plate tectonics and affects the geometry,
structure, and explosivity of volcanoes. Explain how volcanoes
change the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and other Earth systems.
Biosphere as other Earth systems.
tectonic plates aging ocean plates thermal energy asthenosphere
conduction plate collision hot spot molten rock/magma transform
faults atmosphere chemical composition of magma cinder cone
Slide 14
continental collision convection current core crust density
earthquakes explosivity geologic features geosphere global
positioning system hydrosphere lava
PUZZLE Lithospheric plates move constantly. Two major
geological events result from plate movement. The paired words
below rhyme with the name of each geological event. Using the
rhyming clues to identify each major geological event. 1. Worth
snakes: _____________ 2. Titanic deductions: ____________
Slide 17
CLUES??? Clues that a volcano might be about to erupt!
Seismology Tremor before the eruption Ground deformation
Inflating/deflating Magma composition Chemistry of the gases in the
magma can help define whether its a shallow or deep magma pool
CINDER CONES A cone structure built by an accumulation of loose
bits of magma called scoria that fall around a vent or crater after
being expelled during moderately explosive activity. They are the
simplest of volcano structures and are prevalent in Western North
America and elsewhere in the world
Slide 20
Cinder Simplest type of volcano Tends to be smaller than other
types of volcanoes Forms in groups and on the sides of larger
volcanoes Forms when molten lava is thrown into the air from a
vent
Slide 21
Slide 22
SHIELD VOLCANO large volcanic structure with long gentle slopes
built up almost entirely from fluid lava flows. more like a dome
than a tall cone - built slowly and can have multiple vents
producing lava flows. largest active volcano in the world is a
shield volcano in Hawaii named Mauna Loa.
Slide 23
Shield Volcano It stands almost 5 1/2 miles high (3 miles under
water and 2 1/2 miles above sea level). Almost 5 miles of this
volcanic structure is buried into the Pacific plate below ground
level which if included makes this structure about 10 miles in
height!
Slide 24
Stratovolcanoes/Composite It is a cone shaped mountain with
steep, smooth, barren slopes often with a single plume of smoke
emitted from a single central vent. It is composed of alternating
layers or strata of material created by pyroclastic (lava) flows.
Liquid magma is emitted from a reservoir deep in the earth's
crust.
Slide 25
Slide 26
VOCABULARY Lahar https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_cyG2dJPpc
Laharhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_cyG2dJPpc A fast moving
mudflow from an eruption when hot ash is mixed with snow and ice on
the mountain Pyroclastic flow Dense superheated cloud of gas and
debris Moves at ~100 km/hr Pyroclastic material Solid fragments
ejected from an eruption Classified by size
Slide 27
large volcanic structure with long gentle slopes built up
almost entirely from fluid lava flows. more like a dome than a tall
cone - built slowly and can have multiple vents producing lava
flows. largest active volcano in the world is a shield volcano in
Hawaii named Mauna Loa.
Slide 28
Characteristics of Magma Viscosity Gas Silica Melting point
Location When does it become lava?
Slide 29
VOCAB Lava Magma that reaches the Earths surface Magma Molten
rock beneath the earths surface How is it created??? First we have
to define Viscosity Resistance of a material to flow
Slide 30
10/10/2014 Friday Dantes Peak! Answer movie questions
Slide 31
10/13/2014Monday Check in 18.2 SQ3R Dantes Peak Movie
Questions
Slide 32
10/14/2014Tuesday Turn in Dantes Peak questions Go over Ashfall
together! Finish Volcano Notes
Slide 33
Magma Ultramafic Magma SiO2 < 45% Fe-Mg >8% up to 32%MgO
Temperature: up to 1500C Viscosity: Very Low erupts gentle or very
explosive (kimberilites makes diamonds) Found at divergent plate
boundaries, hot spots, convergent plate boundaries
Slide 34
Magma Basaltic Magma ~50% silica not viscous Contains very
little gas Eruptions are rarely explosive Has the highest melting
point Located at rifts, divergent boundaries and oceanic hot spots
what type of volcano? Forms different lava types pahoehoe pahoehoe
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoPz5O6_-d0
Videohttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoPz5O6_-d0 aa - video aa
video pillow lava - video pillow lava video
Slide 35
Vocab Pahoehoe High temperature basaltic lava with smooth,
ropelike surfaces aa Cooler basaltic lava which moves slowly with
rough jagged edges Pillow lava Lava that cools under water with a
distinctive shape
Slide 36
Andesitic Magma ~60% silica Intermediate gas content and
viscosity Eruptions are sometimes explosive Intermediate melting
temperature Found at subduction boundaries what type of volcano?
Releases pyroclastic material
Slide 37
Rhyolitic Magma ~70% silica Highest gas content and highest
viscosity Usually explosive eruptions Lowest melting temperature
Found at continental hot spots what type of volcano? Releases
pyroclastic material
Slide 38
10/16/2014Thursday Hot Spot Volcano Lab with whipped cream!
Homework: Finish Hot Spot lab in complete sentences
Slide 39
10/17/2014Friday Go over Hot Spot Lab together Turn in Hot Spot
Lab Finish up notes
Slide 40
Categorizing Pyroclastic Material Pyro (means fire in Latin)
clastic (means broken in Latin) Pyroclastic flow Dense, superheated
cloud that travels downhill faster than 100 km/hr Pieces are broken
down by size Ash - 64 mm Bombs Pumice light colored frothy volcanic
rock Pumice
Slide 41
Volcanic Intensity Scale
Slide 42
Eruptions Effusive vs. explosive Effusive is the opposite of
explosive Effusive Low viscous lava Low gas content Explosive is
self-explanatory Explosive Very viscous lava High gas content
Slide 43
Where are they formed? volcano Refers to both the opening in
the Earths crust through which molten rock, gases and ash erupt as
well as to the land form that develops around this opening. caldera
a large, usually circular depression at the summit of a volcano
formed when magma is withdrawn or erupted from a shallow
underground magma reservoir and it collapses. crater a circular
depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity created
primarily by explosive excavation of rock during eruptions
Slide 44
Slide 45
VOCAB Hot spot/intraplate volcanoes Areas of volcanic activity
that results from plumes of hot solid material that rises from deep
in the Mantle/asthenosphere Hotspots under continental lithosphere
can produce a plateau of layered volcanic rocks, which emerged as
fluid, low viscosity lava Columbia River flood basalts Produce
highly explosive volcanic events and related landforms -
Yellowstone https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYv6V5EJAKc
Slide 46
Slide 47
Volcanic arcs: Composite/stratovolcanoes that develop in a
general line parallel to convergent plate boundaries built upon the
overriding plate Where else in the world would we find volcanic
arcs?
Slide 48
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H bo6WhbNRsc
Slide 49
Affecting the Spheres How do volcanic eruptions affect the
other spheres? Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) causing eye and lung
irritation which sphere? SO 2 can cause acid rain which sphere?
Volcanic ash can block the suns rays and lower the overall
temperature of the earth which sphere? Destroy vegetation which
sphere? Blow off the tops of mountains which sphere?
Slide 50
Vocab Rift a place where the Earth's crust and lithosphere are
being pulled apart (divergent plate boundary)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3K7LtP4cds Seamount Volcanic
island before it breaks the surface of the water
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NUaxdxt2sE
Slide 51
Homework Study for your test next Friday 18.3 SQ3R
Slide 52
Monday 10/20/2014 Have SQ3R 18.3 out Book review Chapter 18
#1-38 If its multiple choice, write out entire question AND the
correct answer (this is a study guide for you!) Other questions,
write in complete sentences for credit!
Slide 53
Tuesday10/21/2014 Chapter 18 Review Make your own study
guide
Slide 54
Wednesday Turn in Chapter 18 Review Chromebooks : Internet
Investigaion ES0901 & ES0906 Due tomorrow
Slide 55
Thursday 10/23/2014 Jeopardy Review Homework: Study review,
Notes and Internet investigation
Slide 56
Friday 10/24/2014 Plate Tectonics and Volcanoes Test HAVE A
GOOD BREAK!
