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Day 14 Skinny 27-28. Unit 3 Europe in the Middle Ages. Unit 3 Essential Question. What political and economic systems emerged in the Middle Ages? How was the Roman Catholic Church a unifying force?. Invasion! (Sound familiar?). 800-1000 Muslims from south Magyars from east - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Unit 3 Europe in the Middle Ages
Day 14 Skinny 27-28
Unit 3 Essential Question
What political and economic systems emerged in the Middle Ages?
How was the Roman Catholic Church a unifying force?
Invasion! (Sound familiar?)
800-1000 Muslims from south Magyars from east Vikings from north
With so many invasions, people relied on themselves to defend their land
No central government or ruler was protecting them Local nobles who could arm the people gained authority
because they had the power to protect the land
Invasion! (Sound familiar?)
800-1000 Muslims from south Magyars from east Vikings from north
With so many invasions, people relied on themselves to defend their land
No central government or ruler was protecting them Local nobles who could arm the people gained authority
because they had the power to protect the land
Security/Freedom 911—Rollo (Viking) made peace with Charles the Simple
(King of France). Charles let Vikings take control over Normandy (northern
France) One of many agreements to stop invaders and bring peace
King Charles—Lord, or landowner
Rollo—Vassal
Gave up control of land to
Led to
Security—Peace for common people
Feudalism Vocabulary
lord—landowner fief—land granted to a vassal or knight to oversee vassal—wealthy landowner who runs the fief for the lord knights—mounted horsemen who pledge to defend their
lord's lands in exchange for fiefs serfs—bound to the land, could not leave it and all their
labor produced belonged to the lord
Manors—A Secure Place to Live
Manor = lord's estate
Economic system Economic agreement between the lord and
the serfs
Lord provides housing, farmlands, protection
Serf farms the land, tends the animals, maintains the manor
Job Security
Serf (this is most of the people—they could not leave the land) and peasant (every other poor person) owes lord certain duties
• Work for a few days each week for the lord• Turn over part of the grain from the area they
farm to the lord
Serfs/peasants kept some of the grain and other farm products to feed their families
Serfs/peasants lived in houses provided by the lord
Economics of Manor
Women, men, and older children were expected to work
Serfs & peasants raised/produced all needs• Crops• Milk & cheese• Fuel• Cloth• Leather goods• Lumber
Economics of Manors
They only had to buy a few items• Salt• Iron• Unusual objects such as millstones
Crops raised• Wheat• Rye• Barley• Oats• Vegetables
Who got to eat this stuff?
These were ground or processed at the mill
Economics of Manors
See page 362 in softcover text for places in a manor
Manor House—the lord and his family lived there Village Church—for religious and public meetings Peasant Cottages—homes for workers Lord's Demesne—fields owned by the lord,
where the peasants worked to fulfill their duty to the lord
Crofts—gardens where peasants grew their own food
Mill—usually on a creek or river, where grain was processed
Common pasture—animals grazed here Woodland—forest where they got wood to burn
as fuel
Mill—part of the self-sustaining economy
Mills were often powered by a water wheel over a stream
Gears turned so that the millstones rubbed against each other, grinding the grain which was placed on them to flour.
Main Idea Check
How did the decline of trade (remember the invaders had destroyed the business centers in their raids) make this type of economic system necessary?
Write down the best ideas from our class~
Manor Life—Not that great
Peasants paid for privilege of serving lord• Tax on all grain ground into flour at the mill• It was a crime to get your bread elsewhere• Marriage was taxed• Church charged a tithe, or church tax of 10% of
their income• Cottages were small and crowded• They lived with their pigs inside because they were
warm!• Straw beds were infested with bugs• Work, work, work for your lord and your own food
Manor Life—Still not too great
Life expectancy only 35 years
Most never traveled more than 25 miles from home.
The Church taught God gave your your position in life, so most were content.
What problems did peasants face?
Write a help wanted ad for serf
Example
Wanted: Employee willing to work long hours for only the food he or she can produce. Women and children welcome to apply. Contact Lord Hector at the manor house.
The best answer will have details about how hard the peasant's life will be, how much he has to give to the lord and the church, his housing, and life expectancy.
In Summary
serf
lord
manor
vassal knight
fief
tithe
Write statements with the words displayed. Participation rubric--100% for three words used correctly. 67% for two, 33% for one.