Unit 3 Electrical Safety

7/27/2019 Unit 3 Electrical Safety

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UNITS IN THIS COURSE

UNIT 1 ELECTRICAL TERMS

UNIT 2 ELECTRICAL DEVICES

UNIT 3 ELECTRICAL SAFETY

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Para Page

3.0 OBJECTIVE 3

3.1 INTRODUCTION 3

3.2 SAFETY HAZARDS 4

3.2.1 Metal Objects 4

3.2.2 Working in the Dark 4

3.2.3 Unfamiliar Equipment 5

3.2.4 Wet Things 5

3.2.5 Untidy Workplace 6

3.2.6 Hold Tags 7

3.2.7 Fuses 9

3.2.8 Alternations 9

3.2.9 Voltage 9

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3.0 OBJECTIVE

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Trainees will be able to identify electrical hazards and unsafe practices. They willalso know what to do to make hazards less dangerous.

3.1 INTRODUCTION

When you work as a plant operator, you will be in situations which could bedangerous. High voltage electricity is one of the hazards found in a plant. Electricityis dangerous because it can give you an electric shock. You can not see or hear electricity. The first warning you get might be too late.

Figure 3-1 A Human Electric Conductor

Your body uses electricity. The heart operates very low voltage electrical impulses,or signals. You can imagine what happens when a much stronger electric currentsuddenly passes through your heart.

You can work all your life without a serious accident or injury. To do this, you mustknow about the main sources of danger and you must always look out for these

hazards.

This part of the course will teach you some basic rules for electrical safety.

Following these rules in your work in the plant is very important.

It could save your life.

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3.2 SAFETY HAZARDS

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This section covers some common hazards you will meet when working aroundelectrical equipment. Each hazard is explained. Necessary precautions are listed for each hazard. Learn these hazards, and follow the precautions in your work.

3.2.1 Metal Objects

Hazard

Wearing rings, watches, braceletsand other metal objects aroundequipment

Precautions

Remove rings, watches, braceletschains etc, before working aroundelectrical equipment, Put them inyour pocket

Metal objects are conductors. Metal objects make a good path for electricity tofollow. If you are wearing metal objects on your hands or wrists, and these objectstouch an electric circuit, two things can happen to you. First, you can receive anelectric shock. Second, you can be badly burned because the electricity will follow acircular path around the ring, watch band, or chain.

3.2.2 Working in the Dark

Hazard

Working in the dark

Precautions

Be sure you have plenty of lightwhen you work around electricalequipment

Most of plants are well lighted. You need to see what you are working on, whereyou put your hands, where you place tools and equipment you may be using. Youmust also read and follow warning signs and instructions.

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3.2.3 Unfamiliar Equipment

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Hazard

Trying to repair equipment you arenot trained to repair.

Precautions

Leave electrical work to people whohave been trained for it.

Know the hazards and precautions.

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3.2.5 Untidy Workplace

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Hazard

Unsafe work area

Thing not put away after use

Precautions

Keep any work area clean and tidy.

Always look where you are going.Look behind you before you movebackward. Remove objects youmight fall over.

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Any work area where there is rubbish and objects on the ground which you can fallover is an unsafe work area. In addition to the fire hazard, you can cut yourself,objects can fall on you, or you can trip and fall yourself.

Figure 3-2 Unsafe Work Area

An untidy work area is an accident waiting to happen.

Tripping and failing over an object is more hazardous when you are working aroundelectrical equipment and circuits. The first thing you do when you fall is to try to holdsomething to keep you from falling. The "something" could be a live electric circuit.

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3.2.6 Hold Tags

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Hazard

Ignoring a “Hold Tag”

Precautions

Look for and obey “Hold Tags”.

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You will learn about hold tags in the Plant Safety Module. Hold tags are put onequipment when maintenance work is being done. They are also put on brokenequipment.

They mean: "DO NOT OPERATE THIS PIECE OF EQUIPMENT".

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Figure 3-3 Hold Tag

Hold tags are put on equipment and switches to stop you or someone else frombeing hurt or some piece of equipment from being damaged.

You want other workers and operators to obey the hold tags you place onequipment. You must obey the hold tags other people have placed on equipment.

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3.2.7 Fuses

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Hazard

Replacing fuses by unqualified or unauthorised workers.

Precautions

Do not try to change a fuse in theplant. Tell the plant e4lectrician

when electrical equipment needsmaintenance.

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A fuse is put into an electrical circuit to protect equipment from too much current. If you try to change a burned out fuse, two things can happen:

1. Just because the fuse burns out, it does not mean the circuit is dead. If you

touch both ends of the fuse holder, you become the fuse. You couldget a bad electric shock.

1. You might put in a fuse which is too strong for the equipment it is protecting.The equipment may be damaged or broken by too much current

3.2.8 Alternations

Hazard

Altering electrical equipment..

Precautions

Do not alter, or make changes in,electrical equipment Do not useelectrical devices that have beenaltered.

. Altering, or changing the way a piece of equipment is made is dangerous. Electricalequipment is designed and built to operate a certain way. Safety features are builtin. When you alter electrical equipment, you may make it a dangerous piece of

equipment.

3.2.9 Voltage

Hazard

Using the wrong voltage for anelectrical device..

Precautions

Always check to be sure the voltageis correct for the electrical device.

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If you plug a lamp with a 110 volt bulb into a 220 volt socket, there will be a bright

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flash and the bulb will burn out. The bulb is not designed for that much voltage.

Some devices use low voltage direct current (DC). Others use alternating current(AC). If you supply the wrong type or wrong amount of voltage, you will damage thedevice.

Electrical devices are always marked with the correct voltage. Electrical sockets areusually marked in some way to tell you the voltage supplied at the socket.

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Unit 3 Electrical Safety