Unit 20

Lesson 1: Rules We Live By

Conditional Phrases (if/then statements)

• Raise your eyebrows during the if/conditional part of the sentence, then use a declarative nod for the “then” part of the sentence.

Example:

____________cond _________nod

TOMORROW RAIN? GAME CANCEL.

LESS-THAN

• This sign is related to “limits”.

• This sign means below the limit, under a certain number, less than specified amount.

REDUCE

• This sign means to lower, slow down, reduce

OVER-LIMIT

• This sign means going over, exceeding the limit.

FORBID

• This sign means something is absolutely not allowed, against the law, forbidden.

LIMIT

• This sign is related to “limits.”

• This sign means limited to, restricted to, no more than, the maximum number, not exceeding.

Driving Rules: Signs and Symbols

1. Identify sign or symbol on the road

2. Explain what it means

Symbol: Red Traffic Light

__________________________cond _____

RED LIGHT ECL: flat 0 -> 5 “light on” MEAN

_______nod

MUST STOP.

Symbol: Double Yellow Lines on Road

____________________cond

YELLOW LCL:V “double lines” MEAN

FORBID (2h)SCL:3 “car passing another,”

____neg

#OR SCL:3 “car making U-turn.” FORBID

Sign: Pedestrian Crossing Sign

_________________________________

YELLOW (2h)DCL:1 “diamond” PERSON

_____________________cond

SCL:V “person on sign walking” MEAN

PEOPLE GO-ACROSS, MUST REDUCE

SCL:3 “speed” LOOK-AT “both sides of

street” CAREFULLY

What are some other rules/symbols of the road?

• Come up with one rule by yourself gloss it and be prepared to share it with the class.– You have 5 minutes

• Driving Rules: signs and symbols– Identify the sign or symbol on the road– Explain what it means

Driving Rules:Speed Limits

1. Describe situation

2. Explain what the speed limit is

Near a school, the speed limit is 25 mph while children are outside

crossing the street.____________________________

SUPPOSE DRIVE “area” SCHOOL,

__________cond

CHILDREN PLAY, MUST DRIVE 25 #MPH

LESS-THAN.

The speed limit is 15 mph when you come within 100 feet of a railroad crossing and you cannot see

the tracks for 400 feet in both directions.____________________________________SUPPOSE YOU DRIVE APPRAOCH TRAIN______________________________________(2h)DCL:2 “railroad tracks,” APPROACH 100_____________________________________fs-FEET IX-dir “from here to railroad crossing,”_______________________________________CAN’T SEE TRAIN 400 fs-FEET IX-dir “to left or _condright,” MUST REDUCE 15 #MPH

On some highways, the maximum speed limit is 70 mph. Driving over

70 mph can result in a citation._______________________________t

HERE CALIFORNIA FREEWAY SPEED,

______cond

LIMIT 70 #MPH OVER-LIMIT, !GET-

_nod

TICKET! CAN.

What are some other driving rules regarding speed limits?

• Come up with one rule by yourself gloss it and be prepared to share it with the class.– You have 5 minutes

• Driving Rules: Speed Limits– Describe the situation– Explain what the speed limit is

Right-of-Way

In the right-of-way rule we use a rhetorical

question to introduce the law or rule.

Driving rules: Right-of-Way

1. Describe situation

2. Pose a rhetorical question- “who has the right-of-way?”

3. Explain who

Yield to the car on your right if it has reached the intersection at the same time as your car.

______________________________________SUPPOSE INTERSECTION, 2 CAR, (2h)SCL:3 ______________________________________“two cars approaching intersection at same time” ______cond ___________________________TIME+SAME, WHO SHOULD FIRST SCL:3 “car ______________________________________on right move forward,” SCL:3 “car center move ___rhq _______________________________forward, RIGHT-HAND SCL:3 “car on right move ________nodforward” FIRST.

What are some other right-of-way rules?

• Come up with one rule by yourself gloss it and be prepared to share it with the class.

– You have 5 minutes

Driving Rules: Right-of-Way

1. Describe the situation

2. Pose a rhetorical question- “Who has the right-of-way?”

3. Explain who

Personal Safety

1. Describe the situation

2. Explain what you should or should not do.

Drivers and passengers must wear a safety belt while the car is

moving.______cond

YOU DRIVE, MUST DCL:C “seatbelt.”

No one may ride in the load space of a truck unless the vehicle is equipped with, and the

person uses, a restraint system.

________________________________

YOU DRIVE fs-TRUCK, PEOPLE PCL:4

___________________________cond

“group of people get in vehicle” BACK,

___nod

FORBID.

Other Safety rules

• Come up with one rule by yourself gloss it and be prepared to share it with the class.

– You have 5 minutes

Driving Rules: Personal Safety1. Describe situation2. Explain what you should or should not

do.

Homework

• Driving Rules– Page 54

• Translate and gloss the rules listed in Exercise 1.• Use the driving rules sequence

Unit 20Rules We Live By

Cultural Rules/Customs

Cultural Rules and Customs

• When translating rules written in English, we use certain vocabulary and word order.

Explaining Everyday Rules

1. Give the situation

2. Explain the rule

Rules

• Talking is not allowed in class

• Quiet after 11:00 P.M.

• No running around the pool

• Passengers are to check in at the gate 20 minutes before departure.

What words tell you that these are rules or policies?

• Talking is not allowed in class

• Quiet after 11:00 P.M.

• No running around the pool

• Passengers are to check in at the gate 20 minutes before departure.

Talking is not allowed in class.

Talking is not allowed in class.

______________cond _________neg

HERE CLASS, SPEAK, NOT+PERMIT.

Quiet after 11:00 p.m.

Quiet after 11:00 p.m.

___________________________________

AFTER TIME+11, TOO-MUCH NOISE-cont,

_____________________cond ____neg

RUN-AROUND++, (2h)alt. YELL, “wave-no.”

No running around the pool

No running around the pool

______________________cond ___neg

SWIM fs-pool, RUN-AROUND++, FORBID.

Passengers are to check in at the gate 20 minutes before departure

Passengers are to check in at the gate 20 minutes before departure

____________cond

PLANE GET-ON++, BETTER 20 MINUTE

BEFORE-EVENT, GO-TO fs-GATE,

INFORM.

Use these signs to tell a person what s/he SHOULD do.

Authoritative--------------------------Diplomatic

SHOULD BETTERUsed if you don’t used if you

have any other choice have other choices

Use these signs to tell a person what s/he should not do

Authoritative l-----------l-----------l----------lDiplomatic

FORBID DON’T NOT+PERMIT “wave no”

What are some examples of rules?

Situations Requiring Immediate Response

• You need to adapt rules in situations requiring immediate response

• You should make your signs brief and abrupt with a firm expression reflecting urgency or frustration.

Talking is not allowed in class

___firm

SPEAK, !FINISH!

Quiet after 11:00 pm

________________

TIME+11:30 NOW. “shhh” NOISE-cont.

______________firm

!FINISH! “take it easy.”

No running around the pool

____________________firm

RUN-AROUND++, “wave-no.”

Passengers are to check in at gate 20 minutes before departure.

___________

20 MINUTES LEFT-OVER. (2h)alt. SILLY,

___________________________urgent

BETTER HURRY GO-TO INFORM NOW.

Role-Play

• Pair up!– Pick a rule and develop a role-play situation. – Signer A: act careless or indifferent– Signer B: state the rule with anger, frustration,

or urgency.

Cultural Rules and Customs

• When we discuss cultural rules or customs, we often find it useful to compare/contrast other cultures with our own culture.

Cultural Rules/Customs

1. Describe situation

2. Explain the rule or custom

3. Contrast with another more familiar culture.

Holding hands (United States and Japan)

Holding hands (United States and Japan)

____________tHERE AMERICA, MAN, WOMAN OUTSIDE

WALK, BCL:cupped c “hold hands” FINE++. _______________tIX-loc “there” JAPAN BCL:cupped c “hold

hands” “wave-no” !WRONG!

Eye contact (China and United States)

Eye contact (China and United States)________________________________IX-loc “there” CHINA, PERSON OLDER _when ____________________________TALK, CHILDREN <rs:children [(wh)adult-________________________conditionLOOK-AT-child/child-LOOK-AT-adult]> ________negNOT+POLITE. MUST <rs:children [(wh)adult-LOOK-AT- _____________tchild/child-LOOK-AT-down], RESPECT> HERE AMERICA,CHILDREN <rs:children [(wh)adult-LOOK-AT-child/childLOOK-AT-adult]>, FINE++

Burping after dinner (Arab countries and United States)

Burping after dinner (Arab countries and United States)

___________________________t ____IX-loc “there” fs-ARAB COUNTRY, EAT __when ____nodFINISH, BURP SHOULD, MEAN FOOD _____________t ____!DELICIOUS! HERE AMERICA, EAT __when ________________negFINISH, BURP “wave-no” NOT+POLITE.

Typical Work Day Schedule (US vs. Spain)

Typical Work Day Schedule (US vs. Spain)

__________tIX-loc SPAIN, PEOPLE TEND-TO WORK ALL-MORNINGSTOP TIME+12, GO-OUT HOME STAY 3-HOUR, EAT, _whenREST. FINISH, #BACK WORK TIME+4, ALL-EVENING. ____________tHERE AMERICA PEOPLE TEND-TO GO-TO WORK __whenTIME+8, WORK ALL-DAY. FINISH, GO-OUT HOME.

Saying Goodbyes (Deaf and Hearing)

Saying Goodbyes (Deaf and Hearing)

DEAF PEOPLE TEND-TO SAY-GOODBYE

EXAGGERATE SAY-GOODBYE++, ½

HOUR-to-1 HOUR, PAH! LEAVE.

PARALLEL-TO HEARING PEOPLE TEND-

TO SAY-GOODBYE, LEAVE FINISH.

Your turn!

• Come up with a cultural rule or custom that you are used to.

• Gloss the rule.

• Be prepared to share for the class.