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WARM UP
① You have 5 minutes to work with your group on the urbanization jigsaw
② You need to elect a teacher and clean up any mistakes on your poster
URBANIZATION JIGSAW
Politics of the Gilded Age
The Politics of the Gilded Age I. Dominated by limited government,
laissez-faire economics, & Social Darwinism
II. The time period had political corruption & ineffectiveness
A. Government is useless/does nothing
B. Government takes bribes & doesn’t work for the people
Political Machines I. During the Gilded Age
many cities were run by a political machines
II. Political machines
offered services to voters and businesses in exchange for votes
III. Political machines controlled entire cities and made large profits
TheBirthofPoliticalMachines
I. Problem:citieshavegrowntoofastandtheirmunicipalgovernmentscan’tkeepupwiththeneedsofthepeople.A. Transit,sanitation,publichousing,employment,
crime
II. Solution:Politicalmachineswillstepintoprovideservicestothepeople…A. Politicalmachinesdemandvotesandmoneyin
exchangeforassistance
The Political Machine
Cities
City governments
Didn’t provide: jobs, financial aid, protection, sanitation etc.
Political Machine steps in
Provided services and business help in exchange for
votes and money
POLITICSINTHEGILDEDAGE
I. Ascitiesgrewinthelate19thcentury,sodidpoliticalmachines
II. Politicalmachinessoughttocontrolentirecities.
III. TheheadofthePoliticalmachinewasknownasthe“Boss”
ROLEOFTHEPOLITICALBOSSI. The“Boss”(typicallythemayor)
A. ControlledjobsB. BusinesslicensesC. Influencedthecourtsystem
II. PoliEcalmachineshelpedimmigrantswith:A. NaturalizaEonB. JobsC. Housing
III. ThesepoliEcalmachinesprovidedtheseservicesinexchangeforvotes
BossTweedranNYC
Political Machines
Help for immigrants
VOTES
POWER
Political Corruption I. Political machines became corrupt
and focused on winning elections not helping the people
II. Machines used their power to help themselves and steal tax dollars from the government
III. Led to an increase in patronage and the spoil system
Patronage & Spoils System
I. Both patronage & the spoils system give government jobs away in exchange for votes & money
II. Patronage allows unqualified people to take jobs they shouldn’t have
A. People dislike government workers who are not qualified
III. Often times patronage led workers to accept bribes and use other corrupt actions to stay in power
Municipal Graft and Scandal
I. Some political bosses used corrupt tactics to win elections:
A. Practiced election fraud by using fake names, dead people voting and voting multiple times to ensure victory
II. Other political machines took advantage of the use of graft:
A. Using political power for personal gain (money) B. Workers would charge governments extra for public projects
then give the extra money back to the politicians C. These payments were known as “kickbacks” and allowed
politicians to get rich
PoliticalCorruptionI. Politicalcorruptionwasa
widespreadproblemintheUSduringtheGildedAge
II. Governmentswereineffectiveandlostmillionsduetograftandkickbacks
III. Voterfraudwasaseriousproblemàelectionsseemedriggedandunfair
Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall
THETWEEDRINGSCANDALI. William M. Tweed, known as
Boss Tweed, became head of Tammany Hall, NYC’s powerful Democratic political machines
II. Between 1869-1871, Tweed led the Tweed Ring, a group of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city
III. Tweed’s ring stole between 40 and 200 million
IV. Most powerful and corrupt political machine in the United States.
Boss Tweed
CIVILSERVICEREPLACESPATRONAGE
I. Nationally, some politicians pushed for reform in the hiring system
II. Patronage (giving jobs and favors to those who helped a candidate get elected) led to unqualified government workers
III. Reformers pushed for an adoption of a merit system or hiring the most qualified people for jobs
IV. The Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 required appointments for federal jobs based on performance Applicants for federal jobs
are required to take a Civil Service Exam
Gilded Age Politics
I. The Gilded Age was a time period of corruption in American politics
II. Political machines controlled cities and often stole tax dollars through graft and kickbacks
III. Governments in the USA were corrupt and there was little effort to fix them
IV. The USA needs immediate changes to fix the broken political system
ARE YOU WITH ME?? ① What is patronage? What is the spoils system?
② Explain the creation of political machines?
③ What methods did political machines use to benefit themselves?
④ What was the name of the most famous political machine?
⑤ What law required that government workers be qualified for the jobs that they have?
SHAME OF CITIES