Unit 11: Terrestrial Water(not like aliens…)

Per. 212/8/11

Day ONE(Chandler Jennings)

• WWK: How Rivers Affect Terrestrial Geography.

• TOC: Aliens?

• KS: Where are rivers usually located?

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How Rivers Affect Terrestrial Geography.

• In geology, a valley or dale is a depression with predominant extent in one direction. A deep river- valley may be called a gorge or a canyon.

• The terms U-shaped and V-shaped are descriptive terms of geography to characterize the form of valleys. Most valleys belong to one of these two main types or a mixture of them.

How Transitions Form

• Depending on the topography (physical features of an area), the rock types and the climate, a lot of transitional forms between V-, U- and plain valleys exist.

• Reservoirs – a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.

• Conservation- preservation , protection or the restoration of the natural environment , vegetation and wildlife

One of the Most Famous River Valleys…

• The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona.

• Nearly two billion years of the Earth's geological history have been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut their channels through layer after layer of rock while the Colorado Plateau was uplifted.

• Geologists recent evidence suggests the Colorado River established its course through the canyon at least 17 million years ago. Since that time, the Colorado River continued to erode and form the canyon to its present-day configuration.

Ground Water

• Ground water is water that is locked underground in soil and rock fractures.

• It typically travels through aquifers in the saturation zone.• Ground water is recharged ( process by which water is

absorbed) and eventually flows to the surface naturally; this happens at springs and seeps, and can form an oases or wetlands.

• The depth at which soil pore spaces or fractures and voids in rock become completely saturated with water is called the water table.

• Aquifers are a body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit ground water

Day ONE pt. 2(Taylor Ford)

• WWK: Bodies and forms of water.

• TOC: Dat body bangin’!(;

• KS: Name 3 forms of water?

WATTTAAAAAA!!

Moving Water• Bodies of water such as a

sea, a lake, a river, or a stream.

Still Water• A flat or level section of a

stream where no flow or motion of the current is discernible and the water is still.

• An example would be sparkling vs. still water that you can buy at the store or order in a restaurant.

Oceans And such.

• The Pacific ocean is the biggest body of water on the planet.

• We know more about what is in space than in our ocean.

• The ocean has a significant effect on the biosphere; oceanic evaporation, as a phase of the water cycle, is where our rain comes from, and ocean temperatures determine climate and wind patterns that affect life on land.

• Life within the ocean came about 3 billion years prior to life on land. Both the depth and distance from shore strongly influence the amount and kinds of plants and animals that live there.

Day TWO(Josh Mata)

• WWK: The Water Cycle.

• TOC: Cycling. Don’t worry you wont sweat.

• KS: Do you know the water cycle?

Evaporation

• Heat energy from the sun causes water in puddles, streams, rivers, seas or lakes to change from a liquid to a water vapor.

• This is called evaporation.

• The vapor rises into the air and collects in clouds.  

• Plants release water back into the air

Condensation

• Water vapor collects in clouds. As the clouds cool the water vapor condenses into water drops.

• This is called condensation. • These drops fall to the earth as rain, snow or

hail.

Precipitation

• Water falls to the earth from clouds. Mainly as rain, but sometimes as snow and hail.

• This is called precipitation

Transpiration

• Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water out of their leaves. 

• Transpiration gives evaporation a bit of a hand in getting the water vapor back up into the air.

Precipitation

The rain falls

Transpiration

The movement through plants

Condensation

The Clouds form

Evaporation

The vapor rises

Day Two pt. 2(Sarah Curlin)

• WWK: The dynamics of surface and groundwater movements.

• TOC: We love to move it move it!

• KS: Can you name a groundwater movement?

Explaining the table

• Evapotranspiration: The process of transfering moisture from the earth to the atmosphere by the evaporation from plants

• Recharge: process by which groundwater is absorbed into zone of saturation

• Saturation Zone: the area where the soil is filled with water.

Infiltration

• Infiltration: Loss of water into the ground.• Infiltration and the saturation zone are similar

but the surface zone is below the water table and infiltration is on the surface.

• The water table is the beginning of the saturated zone/groundwater. It separates the zone of deration from the zone of saturation.

Shows Saturated Zone/ Ground Water, Water Table.

Day THREE(Jake Bassett)

• WWK: The effects that water has on the earth through erosion and deposition.

• KS: uuuhhh whaat?

• TOC: what is erosion and deposition?

Everything is formed by Erosion

• Erosion: the incorporation and transportation of material by a mobile agent.

• The grand canyon was formed by erosion.• All valleys were formed by glaciers slowly carving

through areas of land.• Most of the earths surface was formed by erosion.• Rivers are formed by water slicing through the soil

and the rock to cause a place where water can easily flow.

Deposition helps too

• Deposition: The process by which water vapor is changed directly to a solid without passing through he liquid state.

• A lot of things are effected by deposition, it doesn’t matter if you see it or not.

• Pot holes in the road are caused by the rapid expansion of water vapor to gas since water expands when it freezes.

• this is the same process of freezing water in a glass bottle and the bottle breaking due to stress put on it by the expanding water.

The two forces combined

• Each on there own they are still pretty powerful shapers of the earth.

• But think about it like this, when a rock has a crack and water vapor gets into it then freezes and makes the crack bigger

• The crack eventually gets so deep that it allows water to flow through it.

• Think about a beach, that was all a solid rock at some point but now it is sand scattered all over a beach.

• And that is ALL due to the erosion and depisition.