Unit 11: SolutionsUnit 11: SolutionsDay 3 – Day 3 – Solubility CurvesSolubility Curves

ObjectivesObjectives 1. I can define solubility, unsaturated, 1. I can define solubility, unsaturated,

saturated and and supersaturated saturated and and supersaturated and determine if a solution either of and determine if a solution either of the above by writing the definitions the above by writing the definitions and reading a solubility graph.and reading a solubility graph.

2. I can distinguish and understand 2. I can distinguish and understand the factors that effect solubiltity.the factors that effect solubiltity.– Temp., surface area, and aggitationTemp., surface area, and aggitation

Factors affecting solubilityFactors affecting solubilitySolubility-Solubility- the amount of a the amount of a substance required to form a substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specific amount of solvent at a specific temp.temp.

ex: the solubility of sugar in water is ex: the solubility of sugar in water is 204 g/100 ml of water at 20204 g/100 ml of water at 20ooC.C.

The Solution ProcessThe Solution Process Consider a sugar solute with a Consider a sugar solute with a

solubility (s) of 204 g per solubility (s) of 204 g per 100ml water. The volume in 100ml water. The volume in the diagram is 50 mL.  the diagram is 50 mL. 

80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml

The Solution ProcessThe Solution Process1) 1) UnsaturatedUnsaturated solution- a solution- a solution that contains solution that contains lessless solutesolute than a saturated than a saturated solutionsolution (solubility=204g/100ml)(solubility=204g/100ml)

80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml140g/100ml 204 g/100ml

240g/100ml

The Solution ProcessThe Solution Process2) 2) SaturatedSaturated solution- a solution- a solution that contains the solution that contains the maximummaximum amount of dissolved amount of dissolved solutesolute (solubility=204g/100ml)(solubility=204g/100ml)

80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml140g/100ml 204 g/100ml

240g/100ml

The Solution ProcessThe Solution Process3) 3) Supersaturated Supersaturated solution- a solution- a solution that contains solution that contains more more solutesolute than a saturated than a saturated solution at the same conditionssolution at the same conditions

(solubility=204g/100ml)(solubility=204g/100ml)

80g/50ml 102 g/50ml 120g/50ml140g/100ml 204 g/100ml

240g/100ml

Supersaturated Solution - YouTube

Solubility CurveSolubility CurveA graph that indicates how likely a A graph that indicates how likely a solute is to dissolve in a solvent at solute is to dissolve in a solvent at any given temperature. any given temperature. #g #g solute/100 g solventsolute/100 g solvent

Label the Y axis Label the Y axis with “solubility”with “solubility”

Factors affecting solubilityFactors affecting solubility1.1. Nature of solute/solvent Nature of solute/solvent (polarity)(polarity)2.2. PRESSUREPRESSURE onlyonly affects the solubility of affects the solubility of gasesgases. . pressure, increased solubility (soda)pressure, increased solubility (soda) pressure, decreased solubility (fizz)pressure, decreased solubility (fizz)

Solubility of Solubility of liquids and solids liquids and solids is not is not changed by changes in pressure.changed by changes in pressure.

FYI… Henry’s LawFYI… Henry’s Law states that the states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the proportional to the partial pressure of partial pressure of that gasthat gas on the surface of the liquid. on the surface of the liquid. When a soda fizzes and rapidly When a soda fizzes and rapidly releases gas its called releases gas its called effervescenceeffervescence..

3. 3. TEMPERATURETEMPERATUREIncreased temp of solids solubilityIncreased temp of solids solubility

Increased temp of gases solubilityIncreased temp of gases solubility

SOLIDSGASES

Label:Label:

Unsaturated NaNOUnsaturated NaNO33

Saturated NaNOSaturated NaNO33

Supersaturated Supersaturated NaNONaNO33

Where is solubility the Where is solubility the same?same?

Where is the gas?Where is the gas?

Now you try!Now you try!