Unit 1 Review

PsychHistory, Schools, and Science

History

2 Greek words that make up “psychology”

Psyche & Logos

History

Descartes said the body was a machine that could be studied, and was controlled by this, which couldn’t be studied.

Mind

History

Earliest attempt by man to fix abnormal behavior.

Trephining

History

He said that the composition of our bodily fluids indicated our personality traits.

Galen

History

Concentrating on the function of the mind rather than its structure (William James)

Functionalism

History

Lumps and bumps on our head indicate personality and skills sets.

Phrenology

History

Breaking down mental processes into the most basic elements. (Edward Titchener)

Structuralism

History

Famous Greek philosopher who thought a lot about how we thought.

Aristotle, Socrates, Plato

Schools

John B. Watson

Behaviorism

History

He founded the APA

G. Stanley Hall

History

This “father of psychology” established the 1st lab to study sensation.

Wilhelm Wundt

History

Psychologists like Wertheimer who believe we organize pieces of stimuli into meaningful wholes.

Gestalt

History

Hippocrates’ body fluids that corresponded to a natural hierarchy and caused us to act funny if they were imbalanced.

Humors

History

Early form of hypnosis using magnets.

Mesmerism

Schools

Sigmund Freud

Psychoanalysis

Schools

Reinforcement (rewards/punishment)

Behavioral

Schools

Hidden instincts, urges, desires

Psychoanalytic

Schools

Deficiency and growth needs

Humanistic

Schools

Jean Piaget

Cognitive

Schools

Medication

Neurobiological

Schools

Mental Processing

Cognitive

Schools

Introspection

Psychoanalytic

Schools

Nervous System

Neurobiological

Schools

Observation and modeling

Behaviorism

Schools

Self-actualization

Humanistic

Schools

Maturation

Cognitive

Schools

Abe Maslow

Humanistic

Schools

Genetics and heredity

Neurobiolgical

Science

Watching subjects in their natural environment.

Natural observation

Science

Researching to know more, expand information.

Basic Science

Science

Statistical relationship between two variables

Correlation

Science

Study of different groups at one time

Cross-sectional

Science

Condition that is manipulated in an experiment.

Independent Variable

Science

Best way to obtain massive amounts of data

Survey

Science

Subjects unaware of treatment, to control for expectations

Blinds

Science

General way to test ideas about behavior.

Scientific Method / Experiment

Science

Using knowledge to solve problems.

Applied Science

Science

Study of one group over a period of time.

Longitudinal

Science

Condition being measured in an experiment.

Dependent variable

Science

A fake treatment

Placebo

Science

In-depth research on one individual

Case study

Science

Subjects who don’t receive a treatment, or receive a fake treatment, in an experiment.

Control group

Science

Study of different groups at different times.

Cross-Sequential

Science

Study of different groups at different times.

Cross-Sequential

Science

When both subjects and experimentors are unaware of who has received treatment.

Double-Blind Study