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Unit 1
IntroductionSyllabusQuestionsDatabase Systems Overview
This course is an introduction to database management systems. Students will use a relational database management system to create and maintain a database. Students will create filters, sorts, queries, forms, and reports. Emphasis will be placed on the skills needed to meet user requirements. By the end of this course, you will: 1. Describe underlying database theories and concepts. 2. Discuss database integration. 3. Create relational databases with multiple tables. 4. Create reports. 5. Write queries. 6. Formulate a logical solution to a problem.
Nathan Botts, PhD Information Systems & Technology, Claremont Graduate Univeristy
Living in Rhode IslandWestat - Health IT Researcher and
CTO of HealthATM
Seminars = Thursdays 9pm ESTProjects are due Tuesday 11:59 pm
EST of their assigned Unit.All course projects submitted on time
will be graded within five days of their due date (the Sunday of the following unit).
Title: Microsoft Office Access 2010: Comprehensive Concepts and Techniques
Author: Shelly, Cashman, & Pratt
Publisher: Course Technology
ISBN: 0-538-74862-1
Files: Located in Doc Sharing
Read Chapter 1DB – Topic #1 and #2And that’s it!
Post a minimum of three posts per discussion question. One initial response and two replies to your classmates
Posting on a minimum of three different days, for example: Wednesday, Friday and Monday
The first post must be made by Saturday.
Any organized collection of dataA collection of similar dataExamples of databases:
Telephone book white pages T.V. Guide Airline reservation system Motor vehicle registration records Papers in your filing cabinet Files on your computer hard drive
Data Can be defined in many ways IS defines data as unprocessed information
Information Data that have been organized and
communicated in a coherent and meaningful manner
Knowledge Knowledge; information evaluated and
organized so that it can be used purposefullyData is converted into information, and information is converted into
knowledge
Data is converted into information, and information is converted into
knowledge
We collect data Information is harvested from data Many companies are good at collecting
data Fewer are good at harvesting information
DataData InformationInformation KnowledgeKnowledge ActionAction
To transformTo transform
Keep records of our: Clients Staff Volunteers
To keep a record of activities and interventions
Keep sales records Develop reports Perform research Longitudinal tracking
(Say what?)
Field (the columns in a table)
• Smallest unit of information in a table• Sometime called “attributes”
• Phone book: an individual’s first name, last name, middle initial, street address, and telephone number
Record(the rows in a table)
• All related fields are collectively called a record• Phone book: all fields for one individual create a record
Table • A collection of records is a data table
Database Management System (DBMS)
• All the related tables, queries, data entry and edit forms, reports, macros and VBA modules constitute a database
Anderson Thomas A 123 Marine View Dr. 237-1234Benson Karen C 1300 California Ave 237-1098Casserly Rick W 12492 Rd 19 342-0502Drummond Lynn M 12059 30th Ave W 931-1105
Table
Records(rows)
Fields (columns)
Software data tools to: Store (tables) Organize (sort) Add, modify or delete Ask questions (queries) Produce forms and reports
▪ Summarizing▪ Displaying details
Toolbox is a good analogy
Microsoft AccessStructured Query Language (SQL)
Microsoft SQL Server Oracle MySQL
FileMaker ProLotus NotesNew database technologies
(MapReduce)
Operational databases Used to track and assist in the daily “business” activities Data typically changes frequently reflecting activities occurring
over time Examples
▪ H/R systems▪ Mailing lists▪ Inventory management programs▪ Accounting systems (including programs like Quicken and QuickBooks)▪ Point of sale systems (cash registers)
Analytical databases Tend to be more static including larger amounts of historical data Data is then analyzed (processed) looking for patterns or trends Often support the strategic activities of an organization Goal may be
▪ Predict the future▪ Summarize historical data▪ Prove historical assumptions
▪ Did a pattern of discrimination occur▪ What is the price elasticity for a product line▪ Developing industry averages
Operational databases can contain analytical components
Flat-File Database All relevant data in a single table, or series of unrelated
tables Work best for small quantities of data; where viewing
and sorting the data in a single list does not create a time-consuming task
Typically a person’s first databases Example: Excel spreadsheet or Word data list file
Relational Database Provide a solution to data entry redundancy problems Linked through common fields (columns) with exactly the
same data Tables linked together can be queried as if one table
Weaknesses common to flat-file systems Note the duplicate information in the table Inconsistencies in the way Supervisor Names are
entered
Can be divided into two categories Desktop databases
▪ Oriented toward single-user applications▪ Reside on standard personal computers
Client / Server databases ▪ Contain mechanisms to
▪ Ensure the reliability and consistency of data▪ Data security
▪ Oriented toward multi-user applications
Will vary with the organization At a minimum, should answer the following questions:
How many records will be stored and for how long? Who will be using the database?
▪ What tasks will they perform? How often will the data be modified?
▪ Who will make these modifications? Who will be providing IT support for the database? What hardware is available?
▪ Is there a budget for purchasing additional hardware? Who will be responsible for maintaining the data? Will data access be offered over the Internet?
▪ If so, what level of access should be supported? What level of security is needed and how will it be enforced?