Unit 1: FRIENDSHIPLANGUAGE FOCUS:LANGUAGE FOCUS:

GERUNDS GERUNDS && INFINITIVES INFINITIVES

BÀI GIẢNG ĐIỆN TỬTIẾNG ANH 11

Read the text about Pippa Wilson & answer some questions

Pippa Wilson is studying marketing at university. She enjoys travelling and would probably like to work for a tour company. “I’m not sure yet exactly what I want to do. After university, I’m going to have a year off and I’m going round the world with another girl. We hope to find work on the way.”

1. What is P.W doing?2. What does she enjoy doing?3. What does she plan to do after university?

She .

She to have a year off and go round the

world with another girl.

enjoys travelling

plans

Gerund (V-ing)

to infinitive

UNIT1: GERUNDS & INFINITIVESSOME EXCEPTIONS

+ V-ing

1. Prepositions (in, on, at, about, for, to...) + V-ing

Note: " To" in these expressions is a preposition.

* be accustomed to= be used to = get used to* be committed to: cam kết, hứa làm gì* be devoted to: hết lòng, tận tuỵ với* be opposed to: phản đối* look forward to: trông mong, mong đợi* in addition to: ngoài ... ra* object to: phản đối* be resigned to : cam chịu

Ex: Thank you for helping carry the packages to the post office.

: quen làm gì

Ex: Thank you for helping carry the packages to the post office.

* Prefer + (v-ing) TO + (v+ing) = prefer to do St than (do) St: thích làm gì hơn làm gì

* would prefer + to inf. = would rather + bare inf. Ex: Well, I’d prefer to go by car.

* would prefer + to inf. + rather than + bare inf. Ex: I’d prefer to stay at home tonight rather than go to the cinema.

(= Well, I’d rather go by car.)

+ V-ing

2.

2. Adjectives (happy, interesting, easy...) + to-infinitives

But: busy worth (đáng làm gì)Ex: I was surprised to see Tim at the party. This book is worth reading.

3. Some SPECIAL EXPRESSIONS followed by Gerund (V-ing)* go + V-ing

Ex: go swimming, go shopping, go skiing, go fishing...

* can't help (không thể không, không thể nhịn được) + V-ing

Ex: I can't help worrying about it.

2.

* It’s no use / It’s no good /There’s no point in … (chẳng có ích lợi gì)

+ V-ing

Ex: It’s no good trying to persuade me. You won’t succeed. There’s no point in buying a car if you never use it.

* have fun / a (good / hard) time... have difficulty / trouble …

+ V-ing

Ex: I had difficulty finding a place to live. We had fun playing volleyball.* spend waste

+ time / money + V-ing

Ex: Sam spends most of his time studying. She wastes a lot of time watching TV.Note: a waste of time / money + V-ing

* sit / stand / lie + (adverb of place) + V-ingEx: I stood there wondering what to do next. He is lying in bed reading a novel.

* find catch

+ O + V-ing

Ex: When I walked into my office, I found George using my telephone.

* need + to-infinitives (if the subjects are persons) need + V-ing / to be + PP (if the subjects are things)

Ex: I need to borrow some money. The house needs painting / to be painted.

* make let

+ O V (bare infinitives)

Ex: Mrs Lee made her son clean his room. My father let me drive his car.

* have + O (persons) + V (bare infinitives) have + O (things) + V(PP)

= ask + O + to infinitives

Ex: Jane had the waiter bring her some tea. I had my watch repaired by someone.

4. Verbs of perceptions . see, notice, watch, look at, observe . hear, listen to . feel . smell

+ O + V-ing / bare infinitives

Ex: I saw my friend run / running down the street. I heard the rain fall / falling on the roof.

5. Some verbs are followed by either to infinitives or V-ing with no difference in meaning

* begin, start, continue, like, love, hate, can't stand = can't bear (không thể chịu đựng được)

+ O + V-ing

Ex: It began to rain / raining.But It was beginning to rain.

6. Some verbs followed by either to infinitives or V-ing with a difference in meaning

* a. remember forget regret

V-ing / to infinitives

remember to do Stremember doing StEx: Judy always remembers to lock the door before she leaves home. It began to get cold and he regretted not wearing his coat.Note: regret to say / to tell / to inform you that ...Ex: We regret to inform you that we cannot offer you the job.

b. try to do St: try doing St:

attempt to do, make an effort to dodo St as an experiment or test

Ex: I'm trying to learn English. The room was hot. I tried opening the window, but that

didn't help, so I tried turning on the fan, but I was still hot. Finally, I turned on the air conditioner.

c. stop to do St: stop doing St: stop SO (from) doing St =

prevent SO from doing St

Ex: I stopped to ask the way to the airport. He stopped smoking 3 months ago. I can't stop him talking to the press.

Excersises: Put the verbs into the correct form

1. I was very tired. I tried ........................ my eyes open but I couldn’t.

(keep)

2. She told him ............................... the door. (lock)

3. My father allowed me .............................. his camera. (use)

4. I want ................................ the truth. (know)

5. When I was tired, I enjoy ......................television. It’s relaxing.(watch)

6. It was a nice day, so we decided ........................... for a picnic. (go)

7. I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind .............................. (wait)

8. We were hungry, so I suggested ............................ dinner early.

(have)

to keep

to lock

to use

to know

watching

to go

waiting

having

Exercise 1: Put the words in the correct order :

She has a train to catch.

- train / catch / she / a / haveExamples

- lot / of / a / housework / there / be / do

There is a lot of housework to do.

Exercise 1: Put the words in the correct order :

Who wants something to eat?1. who / something / eat / want

2. letters / I / write / some / have

I have some letters to write. / I have to write some letters.

3. delighted / hear / I / be / the news.

I am / was delighted to hear the news.

4. my / shopping / some / mother / do / haveMy mother has some shopping to do.

Exercise 1: Put the words in the correct order :

You always have too much to talk about.5. always / much / talk / have / you / too / about.

6. lovely / see / it / again / you / be.

It’s lovely to see you again.

7. out / cold / it / go / too / be.

It is/was too cold to go out.

8. passed / exams / know / happy / I / be / that / you / have / the.

I’m happy to hear that you have passed the exam.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences, using the words given in brackets:

He saw them arrive home late.

- They arrived home late. (He saw)Examples

- She didn’t want to stay there for the weekend.

(They made her)

They made her stay there for the weekend.

The police watched them get out of the car. 1. They got out of the car. (The police watched)

2. They allowed him to write a letter to his wife. (They let)

They let him write a letter to his wife. 3. They talked in the next room. (I heard)

I heard them talk in the next room.

4. The customs officer told him to open the briefcase. (The customs officer made)

The customs officer made him open the briefcase.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences, using the words given in brackets:

The boy saw the cat jump through the window.

6. Maybe the company will ask him to pay some extra money. (Do you think the company will make)

Do you think the company will make him pay some extra money?

7. The animal moved towards me, I felt it. (I felt)I felt the animal move towards me.

8. She wants to go for a picnic. (Do you think her parents will let)

5. The cat jumped through the window. (The boy saw)

Do you think her parents will let her go for a picnic?

Homework:

Exercise 3: textbook, p.81Exercise 4: Workbook, p.44-45)