Unit 1: ExplorationChapters 1-2, Dual/AP/Honors

Chapter 1, CP

Discovering the New World (867-1607 AD)

Who discovered the New World first?

Theories Native Americans Vikings Chinese Irish missionaries Afro-Phoenicians

How did the first people come to the New World?

Siberian-Alaskan land bridge during the Ice Age 40,000 years ago Hunters, gatherers Followed woolly

mammoth herds

Ancient Cultures of the Americas

Agricultural Revolution 5,000-10,000 years ago Started in Mexico Corn, beans, peppers,

pumpkins Ancient Civilizations in

Central America Mayans Aztecs Incas

Native American Cultures

Native American Cultures Hunter-gatherers Farmers Fishing Organized governments and

religions

Anasazi (Cliff Dwellers)

Plains Indians

First Europeans Arrive(according to most textbooks)

Vikings (Norsemen, Danes) Scandinavia--Sweden,

Norway, Finland Heathens, dangerous Raids/pillaging Colonization

Iceland (867 AD) Greenland (982 AD) Vinland (1000 AD)

• Newfoundland Why do they get credit?

Ship building White

Vikings: Fact vs. FictionHorned helmets

SavagesPillagersUnclean

Eric the RedGreenland

Why didn’t word of discovery of this new continent spread?

Vikings did not get along with other Europeans.

Land bridge disappeared and Native Americans stopped coming.

Background for European Exploration What Europe was like:

Feudal system (peasants) Roman Catholic Church

Changes that brought about exploration: Crusades—holy wars in Middle East--military Increased trade with Orient--economic Protestant Reformation--religious Improvements in ship technology—rudder, map

making, compass, ship construction--scientific Rise of powerful nation-states who wanted

empires --political

Other Europeans Find the New World

Why did they explore? Find an all-water route

to Asia for spices To find gold and other

precious minerals. Expand their

knowledge of the world.

To have an empire. To expand Christianity. To find animal furs. Overland Trade Routes

Which countries sent explorers?

Spain—Columbus (1492—Bahamas), conquistadors

Italy Portugal France England

Major World Powers (1500)

Voyages of Exploration

Results of Exploration Rivalries developed

between European nation nationalism imperialism

Mercantilism—countries wanted to expand to boost their nation’s economies (Triangular Trade)

Cultural diffusion End to many Indian

cultures Disease—90% Murder

Mercantilism Belief that a nation’s wealth was

measured by how much gold and silver it had.

Belief that the government should regulate trade (taxes, tariffs).

Belief that a mother country and her colonies work together to be self-sufficient (Triangular Trade)

Triangular Trade

Worlds Collide Activity Your group will research one of the

following topics: Native Americans and Europeans Africans and Europeans

Answer these questions about your topic: What was the relationship between the groups? What advantages and disadvantages did each

group have? Which group dominated and why? What lasting effects did each group leave on

America?

European Colonization of the New World

European Power

Area Settled Methods of Land

Distribution/Settlement Patterns

Reasons for Colonization (economic,

religious, etc.)

Government Structure

Relationship with Native Americans

Contributions to America

BRITISH

SPANISH

FRENCH

DUTCH

Cultural Diffusion Meshing of cultures

Government Religion Language Foods Clothing Music Technology

(gunpowder, compass) Columbian Exchange

Old & New World Globalization

Columbus landing in New World