Upload
coyne
View
58
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Unit 09 Earth Cycles. Lesson 01: Day, Night, and Seasons. Warm Up. Why Day and Night? Why Seasons ?. Open Why Day and Night and Seasons ? Answer the questions in one complete sentence and one illustration Why do we have day and night? Why do we have seasons? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Unit 09Earth Cycles
Lesson 01: Day, Night, and Seasons
Warm Up
Open Why Day and Night and Seasons?
◦ Answer the questions in one complete sentence and one illustration Why do we have day and night? Why do we have seasons?
Share your reflections with your partner.
Share your reflections with your group.
Why Day and Night? Why Seasons?
Open Anticipation Guide
Work with your shoulder partner and mark “Agree or Disagree” in the “Before” column for each statement.
We will revisit the questions and mark the “After” column at the end of the lesson
Day and Night
Next page Day and Night Investigation
Day and Night Investigation
Day and Night Investigation
Data• -• -• -
123456
Why does the Earth experience day and night?◦ The rotation of the Earth
What does “rotate” mean? ◦ To spin
What is a limitation of the investigation model? What direction does the Earth rotate?
◦ Counterclockwise from west to east What is the rotational axis?
◦ The rotational axis is the imaginary line around which the Earth spins.
How long does it take the Earth to rotate on its axis one time? ◦ 24 hours
Day and Night
Complete page 3 by filling in the blanks
Homework
Warm Up
Complete the Handout with your table group titled Seasons
Day and Night
Seasons Key
Add the Following information to your handout
Autumnal equinox- day with equal periods of light and dark occurring in the autumn (September 21)◦ D
Vernal equinox- day with equal periods of light and dark occurring in the spring (March 21)◦ B
Summer solstice- day with the longest period of light in the Northern Hemisphere (June 21) ◦ C
Winter solstice- day with the shortest period of light in the northern hemisphere (December 21) ◦ A
Season
Open Seasons Investigation
Write Data Number 1 - 9
Seasons InvestigationSeasons Investigation
Data• -• -• -
123456789
Why does the Earth experience different seasons? ◦ The tilt of the Earth and revolution of the Earth around the Sun
cause different amounts of light to fall on different portions of the Earth at different angles.
What does “revolve” mean? ◦ Revolve means to make a complete path around an object.
Does the Earth’s rotational axis move? ◦ No
How do the winter and summer seasons in the Northern Hemisphere compare? ◦ The North Pole tilts (points) towards the Sun in the summer and
away from the Sun in the winter. The North Pole does not tilt (point) towards or away from the Sun in the autumn or spring.
Seasons
What is an advantage of the investigation model?◦ size, scale, properties, and materials.
What is a limitation of the investigation model?◦ size, scale, properties, and materials.
What direction does the Earth revolve? ◦ The Earth revolves counterclockwise if looked at from a
perspective above the North Pole. How long does it take the Earth to revolve
around the Sun one time? ◦ 365.25 days
What is the order of the seasons beginning with winter? ◦ Winter, spring, summer, autumn (fall)).
Seasons
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/solar-system/day-on-earth.htm
Video Clip
What season is the Northern Hemisphere in?◦ Summer
What season is the Southern Hemisphere in?◦ Winter
Warm Up
Earth
Sun
Open Anticipation Guide Work with your shoulder partner to mark
“Agree or Disagree” in the “After” column. Do not change your answers from the
“Before” column
Sentence Completion
Key
What changes did you make?
Sentence Completion
Now, we are going to work in groups on an activity called “The Beginning of the End” to match beginning and ending sentence strips.
Example: Our Earth rotates on its… …axis once
every 24 hours.
DO NOT PUT THEM UP
Sentence Completion
Create a page and title it Sentence Completion
Choice 5 of the complete sentence and a
Sentence Completion
What season is the Northern Hemisphere in?◦ Summer
What season is the Southern Hemisphere in?◦ Winter
Warm Up
Earth
Sun
Open Anticipation Guide Work with your shoulder partner to mark
“Agree or Disagree” in the “After” column. Do not change your answers from the
“Before” column
Sentence Completion
Key
What changes did you make?
Sentence Completion
Now, we are going to work in groups on an activity called “The Beginning of the End” to match beginning and ending sentence strips.
Example: Our Earth rotates on its… …axis once
every 24 hours.
DO NOT PUT THEM UP
Sentence Completion
Create a page and title it Sentence Completion
Choice 5 of the complete sentence and write them in your spiral
Sentence Completion
United Streaming The Reasons for the Seasons
Sentence Completion
What season is the Northern Hemisphere in?◦ Winter
What season is the Southern Hemisphere in?◦ Summer
Warm Up
Earth
Sun
Each question is worth 5 points Add a 10 point curve
Test Review
Today, you will be creating a “How It Works” book to explain and illustrate the Earth, Sun and Moon cycles of day/night and seasons.
You have spent time this week modeling day/night and seasons as well as analyzing the causes of these cycles.
You will add to and complete the book Thursday.
How It Works Book Part 1
What season is the Northern Hemisphere on the pink Earth in?◦ Spring
What season is the Southern Hemisphere on the purple Earth in?◦ Spring
Warm Up
Sun
When it is your turn, write a term that applies to the Moon in the box that corresponds to the first letter of the term, in the appropriate box below.
As soon as you have written a word, pass the paper to the next person on the team.
You may not pass the paper until you have written a word but your group may help.
You do not have to write words in alphabetical order.
More than one word per box may be written, but you cannot put the same word twice.
Be thinking of another word for the next time the paper comes to you
ABC Moon Race
You have 3 minutes
ABC Moon Race
Moon Phases Card Sort
Open Lunar Pops
Lunar PopLunar Pops
Data• -• -• -
123456
You will play two roles during the lab:◦ Earth◦ Moon
You will fill out the Diagram during the lab
You will fill out the Questions after the lab
Lunar Pops
What season is the Northern Hemisphere on the purple Earth in?◦ Fall
What season is the Southern Hemisphere on the pink Earth in?◦ Fall
Warm Up
Sun
Lunar Cycle Goal: Identify the phases of the Moon, and
relate the phases to eclipses.
Open: Lunar CycleCopy what is in Blue
Memory Devices:
White on the right, growing bright!
White on the left, losing light!
Memory Devices: Wax on – increasing light!
◦Just as a candle wick is dipped in wax and the candle wax increases the size of the candle.
Wane off – decreasing light!
Gibbous – bulge
Memory Devices: New Moon = Near the
Sun
Full Moon = Far from Sun
Remember, YOU are on the EARTH looking at the Moon.
New Moon
The new moon phase occurs when
the Moon is between the Sun
and the Earth.
When this occurs, there is a
possibility of having a solar eclipse.
Solar eclipses do not happen each
month because the orbit of the Moon is
10o off from the orbit of the Earth.
Waxing Crescent
The Moon revolves around
the Earth.
Waxing means to increase in size.
This refers to the lit portion of the
Moon.
Crescent refers to the shape.
Waxing Crescent is after the New
Moon
First Quarter
When the Moon has gone one
fourth of the way around
the Earth, it is called the first
quarter.
From our point of view, the right half of
the Moon is lit.
Waxing Gibbous
The gibbous phase looks like
a fat football.
The word gibbous
means bulging.During the
waxing gibbous phase, the lit
side of the Moon continues to grow in size.
Full Moon
During the full moon, we see
the light reflecting from
the entire surface of the
Moon facing the Earth.
During this phase, it is possible to
have a lunar eclipse.
Waning Gibbous
Waning means to decrease in
size.
During the waning phase of the Moon,
the lit portion decreases in size.
The waning gibbous
occurs after the full moon.
Third Quarter
The third quarter has
the lit side on the left.
The Moon is three fourths
of the way around its
orbit.
Waning Crescent
The waning crescent gets
smaller and smaller, until
the Moon completes its
orbit and begins a new
cycle with another new
moon.
Waning Crescent is the
last phase.
Solar EclipseThe Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth. As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun.
This does not occur with every new moon due to the Moon's orbit is inclined or tilted at more than 10 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun so its shadow at new moon usually misses Earth. The Moon casts a shadow on the Earth; only occurs with a new moon.
Lunar Eclipse
The Earth, Sun, and Moon are directly lined up in the center. The Earth casts a shadow on the Moon; only occurs with a full moon.
This does not occur with every full moon due to the Moon being
10o off from the orbit of the Earth.
Memory Devices:
White on the right, growing bright!
White on the left, losing light!
Memory Devices: Wax on – increasing light!
◦Just as a candle wick is dipped in wax and the candle wax increases the size of the candle.
Wane off – decreasing light!
Gibbous – bulge
Memory Devices: New Moon = Near the Sun
Full Moon = Far from Sun
Remember, YOU are on the EARTH looking at the Moon.
Review:What phase is this? Be prepared to Justify your answer.
First Quarter
What phase?What phase would be next?
New Moon
Waxing Crescent
What phase?What phase would be next?
Waning Gibbous
Third Quarter
What phase?What phase would be next?
Full Moon
Waning Gibbous
What phase?What phase would be next?
Waxing Crescent
First Quarter
What type of eclipse could occur during this phase?
Lunar Eclipse
What phase?What phase would be next?
First Quarter
Waxing Gibbous
What phase?What phase would be next?
Waning Crescent
New Moon
A View From Outer SpaceWhat is different from our view on Earth?
A View From Outer Space
• Would you still be able to label the phases without seeing them?
• This type of question
and graphic is quite common on
assessments.
http://goo.gl/1XjNw1
http://www.neok12.com/Moon.htm
Same website, you pick which one is easier to type
You may watch video, take quizzes, or play the games ON THIS WEBSITE ONLY
NeoK12
How many days does it take for the Moon to orbit around the Earth? ◦ Averaged: 28 Days
How many days does it take for the Moon to change from a New Moon to a Full Moon? ◦ Averaged: 14 Days
Warm Up
Today, you will be continuing to work on your “How It Works” book to explain and illustrate the Earth, Sun, and Moon cycles of lunar phases and eclipses.
How many phases are in the lunar cycle?◦ 8
Warm Up
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=6650
Bay of Fundy
Today, you will be working to discover more about tides. By looking for patterns as you analyze tidal data, you will determine the relative positions and movement of the Sun, Earth, and Moon that result in specific types of tides.
Seeking Patterns
Trouvadore
Location: Eagle Point, Texas Window of Recovery: 2/10-2/11 Budget: $20,000 Terms of Contract: 50/50 Split
Your Ship Wreck
How often do tides occur in this location?◦ Generally, there are four tides per day along the
coast. This could vary according to location. What pattern exists in the tides?
◦ High tide is followed by low tide. Would this pattern hold true throughout
the remaining months of the year? ◦ Because the tides are related to the position of the
Moon in relation to the Earth, the pattern would repeat throughout the year.
Seeking Patterns
During which phase of the moon are the tides the highest? ◦ When the Sun, Earth, and Moon are in a straight line during
the new and full moon phases. During which phase of the Moon are the tides
the “average”, there is the smallest difference high and low? ◦ When the Sun, Earth, and Moon are in a perpendicular during
the first and third quarter moon phases.
◦USE YOUR IPAD TO RESEARCH THE QUESTIONS
Warm Up
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/weather-and-climate/tides.htm
Tides
Open Tides Notes◦ Copy what is in purple
When the Sun, Moon, and Earth are in a Straight line, we have a Spring tide.
When the Sun, Moon, and Earth are perpendicular at a Ninety degree angle, we have a Neap tide.
Tides
Gravity
Remember, gravity is an invisible force of attraction between two objects.
What celestial object is attracted to the Earth?◦The Moon
What celestial object is the Earth attracted to?◦The Sun
Effect of the moon on the Earth
The Moon’s gravity also pulls on the Earth, but because the Earth is solid, it doesn’t seem to respond.
However, the Earth is mostly covered with water. Water is a liquid and does respond to the pull of the Moon. This response creates tides.
Tides
The how and why of tide formation is very complex.
This presentation will try to simplify how and why tides form.
To do this….
Imagine that there is nothing but water covering the Earth.
Now, imagine looking at the Earth from above the North Pole.
N
Let’s add the moon to this system.
N
The moon pulls on the water.
This creates a bulge.
N
But because the Earth is spinning, there are actually 2 bulges created.
You’ll learn more about this in a course called Physics.
N
This bulge of water follows the moon as it orbits the Earth.
N
It takes the moon about 28 days to revolve around the Earth.
N
This makes the times that the tides occur change in a predictable pattern.
But there is more going on than just the revolution of the moon around the Earth .
The Earth rotates every day.
NN
Let’s put a person on the equator of the Earth.
Remember, you are looking at the Earth from the North Pole, so this person appears to be
on the edge of the Earth.
N
As the Earth rotates, the person will move through two very high bulges of water and two areas of low water each day.
N
We call these areas high tide and low tide.
Remember, in a 24 hour period of rotation, there are two high tides and
two low tides.
N
This is what it looks like with both motions.
N
Spring Tides◦ When the Sun, Earth, and Moon are in
a straight line- the variation between high tide and low tide is greatest. This occurs during the full moon and new moon.
High Tide
LowTide
N
Neap Tides
◦ When the Sun, Earth, and Moon are in a perpendicular arrangement- the variation between high tide and low tide is not great. This occurs during the first and third quarter moon.
High Tide
LowTideN
Why does the Earth experience tides? ◦ The gravitational attraction of the Moon on the
water of the Earth.
How do high and low tides occur? ◦ The gravity from the Moon pulls on the water
causing a bulge where there is a high tide.The areas in between the bulges are the low tides.
Tides
How do spring and neap tides differ? ◦ When the Earth. Moon, and Sun are in a straight
line, the gravitational attraction is at its greatest because of the additive property of gravity.
◦ When the Earth, Moon, and Sun are in a perpendicular configuration, the gravitational attraction of the Moon pulls counter to the Sun.
How often do tides occur? ◦ Typically, there are two highs and two lows per
day, every six hours.
Tides
United Steaming ◦ Tides
Youtube ◦ http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFYf_it461s
Tides
Name That Tide◦ Due at the end of class or its homework
Tides
How many spring and neap tides are there this month?◦ 2 spring◦ 2 neap
How many high and low tides are there this month?◦ 56 high◦ 56 low
Warm Up
Due at the end of class Be conscious of recordings so
KEEP YOUR VOICE DOWN
Construct a Model Project
In what phase is the Moon during a solar eclipse?
◦ New
In what phase is the Moon during a lunar eclipse?
◦ Full
Warm Up
Do by Monday morning Make sure you are turning in ALL 3 PARTS
Booklet Part 3
Warm Up Study your notes Write “Test” on your warm up log
After the Test STAY QUEIT You may read, work on homework, or
something quietly If we have time I will check your grades
after the test