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UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Statistics for periodic reporting
Simon Ellis
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
What’s it for?
Outstanding Universal Value? Management process?
Risk/threat Resources
Future plans?
All of the above!!
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
What can we expect?
From site managers EU/NA everything?, other regions much
less?? Statistics or qualitative info? Resources
database design > data entry > extraction > publishing > long term maintenance
Training; glossaries, technical assistance, capacity building
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Fundamental principles of statistics
Minimise the collection burden on countries
Fitness for purpose Do not duplicate collection of the
same information Only collect what is needed and use
all that is collected
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Iceberg or Pyramid?
Site level Management
effectiveness National level
Management effectiveness
Publication Prioritisation Identify best
practice
Regional level Publications and
reviews Prioritisation Identify best
practice Global level
Universal value Prioritisation
Evidence based policy
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Response rates ~ local co-operation
Africa ArabStates
AsiaPacific
LAC
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%Cooperation andCollaboration withLocal authorities inthe NominationProcess
Cooperation andCollaboration withLocal Population inthe NominationProcess
Less than 60% of countries reported whether they had involved local authorities or communities
In Arab States less than 40%
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Low response rates ~ some reasons
Design issues; use of colour Capacity; resources, technical skills Results not used Understanding; language, concepts Number of open questions; length of
time/thought required Other work; relevance, priority
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
The questionnaires
Too many questions often open-ended, no time to process = not used Duplication, inconsistency Flow and routing
Complex notes Translation/adaptation issues Too many questions about uncertain future For each question ask for all regions
Is this often filled in? Are answers clear? Is the data used in publications and reports? Are answers/non-response followed up?
Use and feedback Periodicity; to what extent is structure fixed for whole
reporting cycle? Regional cycle = reduced comparability
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
A new strategy
At international level put resources into improving response rates in a smaller set of ‘core’ data
Review questionnaire design consider mixed instruments
Data sheet Structured questionnaire (matrix, yes/no) Interview (qualitative data) Inventory (facilities)
Leave detailed interpretation to national (and regional?) levels
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
A core data set (all types of site)
Absolute minimum Site ref no Staff numbers Area covered by designation Population in smallest surrounding
administrative community
Other possibilities less likely to be available Annual visitor numbers Budget for on-site activities Scientific/research publications
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Purpose of indicators
To provide a broad brush picture of trends and patterns of distribution
To inform policy decisions To suggest areas for further
investigation/research
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Indicators
Designation issues Financial resources
GDP Human resources
Staff State of Conservation
Survey problems mean only first category can currently be assessed
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Designation ~ number of sites by type and region
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Natural
Mixte
Cultural
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Designation ~ mountain sites by criteria, nos of sites 1979-1993
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Criteria N(i)
Criteria N(ii)
Criteria N(iii)
Criteria N(iv)
Africa
Asia/Pacific
Europe/ NorthAmerica
Latin America/Caribbean
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Finance
Budget in relation to national GDP % of national budget allocated to
cultural and natural heritage % of site budget expenditure
allocated to conservation % of ticket revenue allocated to
site where available
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Sites at risk in relation to GDP
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Human resources ~ what level of detail?
Headcount or full time equivalent Trained personnel
Cannot judge the quality of the course
Training v. years of experience Duties are they distinct roles
Conservation, guide,
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Potential HR indicators
Human resources Percentage of staff allocated to
conservation, preservation Numbers of staff related to
numbers of tourists Numbers of staff in relation to local
population
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
State of Conservation
Measures in relation to key thresholds – visitors, acidity
Regular maintenance – budget, staff time
Measures of annual change – change in average annual rainfall (acidity?), changes in numbers of species etc.