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Your systems. Working as one. Your systems. Working as one.
Understanding the Internet of Things Protocols
DDS, MQTT, XMPP, & AMQP
OMG Sept 2013
Stan Schneider, PhD
What is the Internet of Things?
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
2
What is the Internet of Things?
• Cisco “Internet of Everything” – …the latest wave of the Internet -- connecting
physical objects…to provide better safety, comfort, and efficiency
• IBM “Internet of Things” – …a completely new world-wide web, one comprised
of the messages that digitally empowered devices would send to one another. It is the same Internet, but not the same Web.
• GE “Industrial Internet” – …convergence of machine and intelligent data…to
create brilliant machines
• RTI “Your Systems. Working as One.” – …an entirely new utility. As profound as the cell
network, GPS, or the Internet itself. The Internet of Things and the Intelligent Systems it enables will fundamentally change our world.
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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What Connects the Things?
IoT Standard Protocols
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MQTT: Collect Device Data
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT)
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DDS: Distribute Device Data
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
Real-Time Analytics &
Control Operator HMI
Sensors Actuators
IT and/or Cloud
Integration
Data Distribution Service (DDS) 7
XMPP
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)
AMQP: Process Device Data (on Servers)
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) 9
Connecting the Internet of Things
• S2S – Biz intelligence – Centralized/ESB – ~100ms – MQ/AMQP
• D2S – Collect data – Hub & spoke – ~10ms – MQTT/CoAP
• D2S->P – Link sparse endpoints – XMPP
• D2D – Control, distribute – DataBus – ~.01ms – DDS
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Web Services and Business Apps
Server-to-Server (S2S)
Devices and Intelligent Systems
Device-to-Device
Device to
Server (D2S)
DDS Builds Intelligent Systems
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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DDS: The Software DataBus
• Data centric – Like a database for
moving data
• Decouples modules – Like SOA
• Plug and play flexibility – Like a hardware bus
• Peer-to-peer performance
– Like streaming protocols
• Standards-based interoperability
– Like TCP/IP
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
Data-Centric Messaging Bus
Scalable, high performance, reliable infrastructure
DataBus™
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Managing State
• Data centric
– Single version of truth
– Known structure
– Clear rules for access, changes, updates
• Technologies
– Database
– Data-centric middleware
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Intelligent Distributed Systems Need…
• Reliable Operation • Deterministic
Performance • System Integration • Flexible Transports • Crisp Interface Design • Easy Tech Upgrades • Multi-Channel
Connections • Open Architecture • Wireless Links
• Legacy Integration • Hardware in the Loop • Scalability • Database Integration • High Throughput • Reliable Uptime • Industry Interoperation • Small Device Connection • Large Fan In/Out • Real-Time and IT
Integration
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Reliable Operation
• The LPD-17 Ship-Wide Area Network (SWAN) runs machinery, damage control, steering, magnetic signature, mission control, navigation, communication
• Redundant networks, data, sensors and RTI middleware provide non-stop reliability
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Real-Time Performance
• The Ship Self Defense System is the “last line of defense”
• SSDS coordinates high-speed radars, targets defensive missiles, and directs 1000+ rounds/sec at incoming cruise missiles
• SSDS is at sea now
• RTI delivers messages in real time
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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System Integration
• RTI is the leading vendor of combat system messaging
• RTI connects disparate systems, merges multiple languages on multiple operating systems, handles DIL links and legacy interfaces for LCS
• RTI enables easy, large-scale integration © 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with
this legend. 17
Navy Open Architecture
• Next-generation of – Aegis – DDG 1000 – SSDS – LCS (both variants) – LPD-17 – Many more, US and allies
• Highly distributed systems include radar, weapons, displays, controls
• Standards-based, high-performance middleware avoids vendor lock-in and future-proofs the architectural design
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Fast Emergency Response
• Exelis (ITT) C4i provides command and control systems for military and civilian agencies (fire/police/emergency response)
• RTI Connext DDS connects GUIs to servers that route voice and video
• RTI met the critical needs: scalability, routing, recording
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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EMS System Platform
• The largest EMS equipment provider will use RTI for their entire product line…for the next 20 years
• Provides emergency response equipment to 60% of the world’s emergency vehicles
• RTI middleware provides easy connectivity, performance, reliability, medical certification option
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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EMS Remote Monitoring
4G/LTE
Connecting devices with hospitals to provide better treatment while en-route
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21
High Throughput Medical Imaging
• RTI powers Varian’s
NMR and MRI product lines
• Any one of the sixteen MRI receivers can saturate a 1Gbit network.
• RTI controls and optimizes network use to handle megabytes of load without losing data
“RTI delivered great functionality at a low cost. Using RTI middleware saved us a lot of money, time, and effort compared to our previous in-house developed solution.”
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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High Rate Distributed Control
• The Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery (MIRS) system at DLR coordinates three robots to perform delicate heart surgery.
• The system closes a distributed loop between the robots and the remote surgeon’s control at 3kHz.
• RTI delivers messages in real time
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Hospital Patient Safety
• Preventable hospital error is the 6th leading cause of death
• DocBox integrates devices with a decision engine to improve patient safety
• RTI Connext ties together devices, services, and displays in real time
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“RTI Connext DDS met all our needs – whether we’re handling 12 patients, or 200.”
-- DocBox Founder, Tracy Rausch
Industry Interoperation
• The Integrated Clinical Environment (ICE) standard specifies interoperability for medical devices
• All ICU & operating room devices — from blood pressure cuffs to intravenous pumps to ventilators — could be interconnected according to the ICE standard
– Complete logging – Automatic error detection – Better care
• The DDS standard and RTI
middleware enables plug & play interoperability across manufacturers
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Clinical Decision Support Systems
Workstations, Storage, Historical
HL7/EMR Gateway, Enterprise, 3rd Party
Room
Devices
Care Area
Administration
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CDS System of Systems
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Hospital Integration
• Hospital net challenge – 1000s of patients, >100k
devices
– Wired/wireless/ISM
– Moving patients
– 100% uptime, security
– Real-time waveforms
• RTI advanced response – Smart data filtering
– Routed deployment
– Optimized updates
– Automated test harness
– Control plane
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Reliable Uptime
• Mevion’s Proton-
Beam Radiation Therapy system zaps tumors with accelerated protons
• The treatment must be continuous for 30-40 days; downtime endangers treatment success
• With RTI, Mevion’s PBRT delivers dependable treatment at low cost
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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RTI Connext DDS was selected for its extensive compliance with the Object Management Group (OMG) DDS standard; its high security rating; its wide support of tools and programming languages, and its reputation for performance, scalability and 24/7 reliability.
– Sid Koslow, Chief Technology Officer, NAV
CANADA.
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Air Traffic Control for Canada 2nd largest ANSP in the world 80 sites
24x7 Operation
Flexible Transports
• CAE, one of the world's leading providers of simulation and training, uses RTI over high-bandwidth IEEE-1394 for its flight simulator
• Middleware provides transport portability and architecture interoperability
"In the past we probably would have developed an expensive, proprietary system for data communications. By using RTI, we were able to deliver a proven, reliable and cost effective solution to our customers.” - Peter Jarvis, Chief Designer
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Database Integration
• Light and strong advanced composites make advanced aircraft quiet and efficient
• Lund Engineering uses RTI to integrate the composite inspection system
• Critically, all data must be saved for validation; RTI’s database integration saves all data to permanent storage
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Advanced Ground Stations
• General Atomics Ground Control Stations deliver real-time data acquisition, analysis, and response for unmanned aircraft systems such as Predator®
• GA selected RTI for proven software & services
• Middleware and open architecture speeds development, lowers costs
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Interoperable Open Architecture
• RTI leads in defining a standard architectures for unmanned vehicles and avionics
• RTI chairs the architecture for UCS (ground stations) and is key at FACE (avionics)
• RTI is building a DO178C-level A safety-certified DDS
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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DDS Enables Open Architecture
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AF Avionics
Navy CCRL
Army COE
OSD UCS
GVA DEF STAN 23-09
Advanced Automotive
• The VW Driver Assistance
and Integrated Safety system combines radars, laser range finders, and video to assist safe operation
• It helps avoid obstacles, detect lane departures, track eye activity, and safely negotiate bends
• Advanced safety systems must connect to existing hardware. RTI middleware bridges high speed networking to the CAN bus
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Modular HIL Testing
• A modern car contains 100+ CPUs
• Audi uses hardware-in-the-loop simulation to feed realistic data to components in a lab for testing
• RTI middleware enables a modular test environment that scales to work with hundreds of devices
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Rail Asset Tracking
• Wi-Tronix systems
wirelessly monitor high-value mobile assets such as locomotives, industrial equipment and marine vessels
• RTI addressed critical issues such as optimized flow and discovery process over a wireless network
• RTI middleware works effectively over lossy wireless networks
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Fan Out/Fan In
• Blue Force Tracker (JBC-P) must process 200,000+ tracks.
• The legacy design was: – Proprietary – 1.5m SLOC – 12,000 tracks – 11 servers w/88 cores – Unreliable
• The DDS design is: – 100% standards based – 50k SLOC – 250,000 tracks – 80% of a single core – Fully redundant – Reliable multicast
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Monitoring Tokyo Traffic
• Tokyo traffic system provides real-time information to commuters and officials
• RTI middleware coordinates hundreds of traffic monitors and information kiosks
• Various server & client platforms, types of links
• RTI supports wide-area deployment
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Transportation
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Industrial Automation
• Schneider PLCs operate modern factories
• Manufacturing requires fast data, even with limited memory and processing power
• RTI middleware connects powerful computers to deeply embedded devices with limited memory
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DDS wire spec first standardized as part of IEC 61850
Large SCADA Systems
• NASA KSC’s new Constellation launch control SCADA system
• RTI delivered 300k instances, at 400k msgs/sec with 5x the required throughput, at 1/5 the needed latency
• NASA mitigates risk by parallel-tracking multiple DDS vendors
• RTI connects thousands of sensors and actuators
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Scalability
• Harmonic transmission and video switching equipment delivers worldwide video-on-demand
• RTI handles 1,000s of clients, 1,000,000s of messages
• RTI enables high-performance scalability and future extensibility
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Harsh Environment Operations
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• Joy Mining is the world’s largest mining equipment manufacturer
• RTI connects the controller, operator GUI, and historian
• Reliable, fast connectivity enables control, debugging, and system health monitoring for continuous mining
Wireless Links
• NASA’s Human-Robotic Systems prototypes robots for extraterrestrial surfaces
• The project coordinates four NASA centers building four different robots. They operate in realistic environments, including over low-bandwidth, high-delay, lossy communications
• RTI middleware allows these very different systems to share common data communications over disadvantaged links
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Flexible Data Link
• NASA’s Human-Robotic Systems prototypes robots for extraterrestrial surfaces
• The project coordinates four NASA centers building four different robots.
• NASA uses DDS for low-bandwidth, high-delay, lossy ISS-earth communications
• RTI middleware communicates over disadvantaged links
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
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Precision Instrumentation
• European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope can see objects four billion times fainter than can be seen with the unaided eye
• The telescopes use hundreds of servo mirrors and scientific instruments
• RTI middleware coordinates precise control and measurement
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Power Monitoring and Control
• MicroGrids connect generation, load, and storage to optimize usage and eliminate traditional grid infrastructure
• Deploying at large Canadian Utility
• Connext™ DDS middleware seamlessly integrates apps, enforces security, merges NI LabVIEW
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Real-Time & IT Integration
• Siemens Wind Power fields farms of 500 turbines with 100m blades
• RTI enables fast control within turbines and distributed gust mitigation across the array
• RTI will also integrate with predictive maintenance and business diagnostics
• RTI melds real-time with IT
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Why a DataBus Transport?
• Reduced risk – Proven, reusable, powerful
• Elegant architecture – Reduced coupling speeds development
– QoS control simplifies integration
• Advanced capability – Redundancy, fan out, fan in
– Transport, OS, language transparency
– Integration, hot-swap, scalability
– Security, IoT connectivity
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
DataBus™
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The DDS Ecosystem
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Management’s sole strategic imperative is to engage competition
Bill Barnett, Stanford
GSB
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Interoperability between the applications demonstrated by six different vendors in 2012
OCI ETRI PrismTech IBM RTI TwinOaks
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
Our Transformation
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The time has come for
RTI to reinvent itself.
“It seems you’ve
been living two lives.
One of these lives
has a future, and
one of them does
not.”
RTI’s New Business Model
• 100% Free: Open Community Source
• Vastly simpler commercial pricing
– Simple = One project metric
– Fair = That metric scales with investment
– Open = Predictable. No nasty surprises.
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IC: FACE
Paid commercial license
Scope: Project
Free Project
Free Project
Free Project Paid commercial license
Scope: Project
Paid commercial license
Scope: Project
The Friction is Gone!
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Device Device Device
App
Device
App
IoT Protocol Soup
Device
Broker/ESB
App App
App
MQ, AMQP
Intelligent System
App App App App
DDS
MQTT
App App
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App
Device
App
Device
Device
CoAP
RS
RS
• S2S: BI, storage, cloud, slow, 100ms • D2S: Telemetry, hub & spoke, 10ms • D2D: Control/dist, Databus, .01ms
XMPP
About RTI
• Market Leader – Over 70% DDS mw market share1
– Largest embedded middleware vendor2 – 2013 Gartner Cool Vendor for technology
and Open Community Source model
• Standards Leader – Active in 15 standards efforts – OMG Board of Directors – DDS authors, chair, wire spec, security, more
• Real-Time Pedigree – Founded by Stanford researchers – High-performance control, tools history
• Maturity Leader – ~700 designs; by far the most-used DDS – 500,000+ licensed copies – TRL 9
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with this legend.
1Embedded Market Forecasters 2VDC Analyst Report
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2008
Global Support and Distribution
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RTI Connext™: Edge to Enterprise
RTI DataBus™
Connext
Micro
Pub/Sub API (DDS subset)
Small Devices
Connext
DDS
Pub/Sub API (Full DDS)
Data Centric Publish Subscribe
Connext
Messaging
Messaging API (DDS++ & JMS)
High Reliability & Security
Connext
Integrator
Adapt, Xform,Route
Diverse Apps/Systems
Administration
Monitoring
Recording
Replay
Persistence
Logging
Visualization
Common Tools and Infrastructure Services
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One Protocol to Rule Them All?
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The IoT is HUGE & Varied
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Web Services and Business Apps
Server-to-Server (S2S)
Devices and Intelligent Systems
Control Plane
Device-to-Device
Device to
Server (D2S)
Tim
elin
ess
of
Res
po
nse
10
μs–
10
ms
10
ms–
1s
> 1
s
The Future is Ours
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Find out more…
www.rti.com
community.rti.com
demo.rti.com
www.youtube.com/realtimeinnovations
blogs.rti.com
www.twitter.com/RealTimeInnov
www.facebook.com/RTIsoftware
www.slideshare.net/GerardoPardo
dds.omg.org
www.omg.org
© 2012 RTI • ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 72