Understanding The Cloud

Scott McClellanVP Chief Technologist, Scalable Computing & Infrastructure

© 2008 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.The information contained herein is subject to change without notice

Two seemingly contradictory statements…

Cloud Computing is MASSIVELY overhyped

Cloud Computingwill forever change

the computing world

today future (not so distant…)

… both are true, the question is “when”?

Cloud: Hype & Confusion

Customer Demand• Real success stories have

emerged from the internet… − Google, Amazon, eBay, Yahoo,

Microsoft, etc

• Delivering astonishing results … − Robust solutions, at enormous

scale, on very low cost infrastructure

• The pain points around utilization, cost, and flexibility are shared by all customers…

− Extremely high demand for solutions to these problems

− Aggravated by current economic situation

Marketing Hype• Dell: Attempted to trademark “cloud

computing” – denied!• IBM: Suddenly everything is “cloud

computing” new and old• Others: Every vendor with anything

product that abstracts anything…

Sources of Confusion• New/emerging technology &

terminology

− Web2.0, Mash-Ups, Ruby, Rails, AJAX, and many-many more…

− IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, STaaS…• Confusion around Internal vs.

External Clouds

“A Tale of Two Clouds….”

Distinguishing between two distinct phenomena …

Enterprise IT Transformation (Internal Clouds)

and

[True] Cloud Computing

Enterprise/Large SMBs

External Service Providers

Primary Business

Varies: Auto, Aero, Other Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical, Health Care, Retail, Entertainment, Communications, etc.

Examples: GM, Boeing, Coach, Glaxo, Kaiser, Walmart, …

Providing external services to consumer, SMB, or enterprise customers (for profit) over the public internet.

Examples: Google, Amazon, eBay, SalesForce, Yahoo, Facebook

Role ofIT

Business IT; basic IT functions to enable business; HR, Business process, Decision support, collaboration, etc.IT is a cost center

same

Business IT: Service providers have a business IT function similar to business IT for other enterprises.IT is a cost center

External Service IT: Internet facing IT infrastructure optimized for massive scale at a low costIT is core to the customers business

Traditional Enterprise

HPC Infrastructure; some enterprises have HPC infrastructure to do modeling and simulation for engineering, research, financial analytics, etc.also a cost center

Unique to Service Providers

“Enterprise Class”

IT Infrastructure/Services

Service Provider = Service Consumer

Delivered over an Intranet (private network)

Scale = Enterprise Scale

“Global Class”IT Infrastructure/Services

Service Provider <> Service Consumer

Delivered over the Internet (public network)

Scale = Global Scale

Enterprise/Large SMBs

External Service ProvidersTraditional Enterprise

Service Centric IT

LoB-2 LoB-nLoB-3LoB-1

LoB-2 LoB-nLoB-3LoB-1

Shared Resource Pool

Enterprise/Large SMBs

ImprovedTCO

ImprovedAgility

Dedicated Resources

Virtualization

Automation

Enterprise IT Transformation• Moving from dedicated resources to shared resource

pools• Enabled by virtualization, automation and embracing

service centric IT• Evolutionary – has been going on for years• Delivers improved cost, greater business agility, and

enables IT to survive and thrive in a hybrid world

Enterprise class IT infrastructure Global class IT infrastructure

WHAT DOES GLOBAL CLASS INFRASTRUCTURE LOOK LIKE?

HOW DO GLOBAL CLASS IT SERVICESEVOLVE?

WHAT BUSINESS FACTORS DRIVE SERVICE PROVIDERS?

WHEN WILL ENTERPRISE WORKLOADSMOVE TO THE CLOUD?

External Service ProvidersTraditional Enterprise

Enterprise class IT infrastructure Global class …

AUTOMATED

CloudServices

Cost continuum$X $X/(2-3) $X/10

CHASMVIRTUALIZED

“Pooled”resources/shared infrastructure

Adaptive InfrastructureAdaptive Infrastructure

DEDICATED

1:1 Binding

Workloads: Machines

IT “islands”IT “islands”

The “Chasm”

Global class …Evolution of cloud services …

CH

ASM

DedicatedMulti-

Purpose Partners… Platforms

Purpose-built custom offering

Supportmultiple

applications

Support high-touchbusinesspartners

Platform asprimaryvalue

+ “toll booth”

Initial Web Property

Partly cloudy Cloudy

More cloudy

Benefit from accumulated learning's…

Amazonbookstore

Amazonretail

Amazonretail

services

Amazonweb

services

Architectural evolution: from fairly conventional to extremely scalable, monolithic to modular, relentless focus on cost

time

Business Models Available: advertising or transactional revenue

x

x

x

x

x

Contrasting design & delivery approaches…

Compute & Storage Resources

Operating System

Middleware

Application

Integrated system

HardwareVendor

Operating SystemVendor

MiddlewareVendor

ApplicationVendor

Customer /Solution Integrator

Multiple parties involvedSolution integrated by customer and/or SIService provider = customer <> developer

Everything in-house developed except HWCloud service provider <> end customer

Cloud service provider = developer

Traditional enterprise IT:Distributed design responsibilities

Cloud Service Provider:Integrated design and delivery

Global class …Enterprise class

Achieving scale at a the right cost… the critical success factor for cloud service providers$$

scalescale

CloudCloud

Conventional ITConventional IT

Virtualization + Automation improves the shape of the curve, but does not bridge this gap

Rotating this line down translates directly into

profitability

Capacity is added in “chunks”.Cost is a “stair step” curve with

increase step sizes as scale increases.

Individual enterprises typically don’t require “cloud” scale…

Individual enterprises typically don’t require “cloud” scale…

Multi-tenancyA

pp

licati

ons

dim

ensi

on

Ap

plic

ati

ons

dim

ensi

on

User dimensionUser dimension

11

100s100s

1000s1000s

11 millionsmillionsthousandsthousands

one companyone LoB

one companyone LoB

one companymultiple LoBsone companymultiple LoBs multiple companiesmultiple companies

dedicated

Virtualized and

Automated

Virtualized and

Automated

Adaptive Infrastructure

Cloud properties start out as multi-tenant from a user

perspective but single tenant from an application

perspective

Cloud properties start out as multi-tenant from a user

perspective but single tenant from an application

perspective

Cloud properties become multi-tenant from an application

perspective when they open up and become

platforms

Cloud properties become multi-tenant from an application

perspective when they open up and become

platforms

Multi-tenancy: More than one [user, application, or both]

on a common shared infrastructure.

Multi-tenancy: More than one [user, application, or both]

on a common shared infrastructure.

dedicate

d

dedicate

dmulti-

purposemulti-

purpose

pla

tform

pla

tform

partne

r

Conclusions

The future of Enterprise IT is a hybrid

environment…services sourced

internally, outsourced, or from cloud service

providers

Cloud computing is revolutionary and will ultimately change the

world…but not overnight

Enterprise IT transformation is an evolutionary process

that has been happening for

years…

There are significant barriers for creating and adopting cloud

services for enterprises…