Upload
padmanabhdixit
View
218
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
1/18
UNDERSTANDING
WORK TEAMS
9 –
0
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
2/18
WHY HAVE TEAMS
BECOME SO POPULARTeams typically outperform individuals.
Teams use employee talents better.
Teams are more flexible and responsive to changes in the
environment.
Teams facilitate employee involvement.
Teams are an effective way to democratize and organization
and increase motivation.
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
3/18
TEAM VERSUS GROUP: WHAT’S THE
DIFFERENCE
9 –
2
Work Group
A group that interacts primarilyto share information and tomake decisions to help each
group member perform withinhis or her area of responsibility.
Work Team
A group whose individual effortsresult in a performance that isgreater than the sum of theindividual inputs.
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
4/18
COMPARING WORK GROUPS AND
WORK TEAMS
9 –
3
E X H I B I T 9 –
1
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
5/18
TYPES OF TEAMS
9 –
4
Problem-Solving Teams
Groups of 5 to 12 employees from thesame department who meet for a fewhours each week to discuss ways of
improving quality, efficiency, and thework environment.
Self-Managed Work Teams
Groups of 10 to 15 people who takeon the responsibilities of their formersupervisors.
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
6/18
TYPES OF TEAMS (CONT’D)
9 –
5
• Task forces
• Committees
Cross-Functional Teams
Employees from about the same hierarchical level,but from different work areas, who come together toaccomplish a task.
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
7/18
TYPES OF TEAMS (CONT’D)
9 –
6
Team Characteristics
1. The absence of paraverbal and nonverbal cues
2. A limited social context
3. The ability to overcome time and space constraints
Virtual Teams
Teams that use computertechnology to tie togetherphysically dispersed
members in order toachieve a common goal.
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
8/18
A TEAM-
EFFECTIVENESSMODEL
9 –
7
E X H I B I T 9 –
3
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
9/18
CREATING EFFECTIVE TEAMS
9 –
8
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
10/18
CREATING EFFECTIVE
TEAMS (CONT’D)
9 –
9
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
11/18
KEY ROLES OF TEAMS
9 –
1 0
E X H I B I T 9 –
4
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
12/18
CREATING EFFECTIVE TEAMS
(CONT’D)
9 –
1 1
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
13/18
CREATING EFFECTIVE TEAMS
(CONT’D)
9 –
1 2
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
14/18
EFFECTS OF GROUP PROCESSES
9 –
1 3
+
–
=
E X H I B I T 9 –
4
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
15/18
CREATING EFFECTIVE TEAMS: DIVERSITY
9 –
1 4
Group Demography
The degree to which members of a group share acommon demographic attribute, such as age, sex,race, educational level, or length of service in the
organization, and the impact of this attribute onturnover.
Cohorts
Individuals who, as part ofa group, hold a commonattribute.
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
16/18
TURNING INDIVIDUALS INTO TEAM
PLAYERS
The Challenges
• Overcoming individual resistance to team membership.
• Countering the influence of individualistic cultures.
• Introducing teams in an organization that has historically
valued individual achievement.
Shaping Team Players
• Selecting employees who can fulfill their team roles.
• Training employees to become team players.
• Reworking the reward system to encourage cooperative
efforts while continuing to recognize individual contributions.
9 –
1 5
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
17/18
TEAMS AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Team Effectiveness and Quality Management Requires That
Teams:
1. Are small enough to be efficient and effective.
2. Are properly trained in required skills.
3. Allocated enough time to work on problems.
4. Are given authority to resolve problems and take
corrective action.
5. Have a designated “champion” to call on when needed.
9 –
1 6
8/21/2019 Understanding Teams
18/18
BEWARE: TEAMS AREN’T ALWAYS
THE ANSWER
Three tests to see if a team fits the situation:
• Is the work complex and is there a need for different
perspectives?
• Does the work create a common purpose or set of goals forthe group that is larger than the aggregate of the goals for
individuals?
• Are members of the group involved in interdependent tasks?
9 –
1 7