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Understanding Diabetes
Understanding Diabetes
Mr. Alvarez
Health Science © 2008
What is Diabetes?What is Diabetes?
A chronic disease (lasts a long time) where the person’s body either:
a) loses the ability to make enough insulin (a hormone) = Type 1 or
b) the body can’t use the insulin that it does make properly = Type 2.
How does it begin?How does it begin?
Our bodies take in food, digest it & turns it into sugar (Glucose).
The pancreas releases insulin which joins up with glucose to get it into the cell.
Glucose gives energy to the cell. NO insulin = NO Glucose in Cell.
Food and digestionFood and digestion
Digestion & Diabetes
Where is the pancreas?Where is the pancreas?
Insulin & Glucose 2gether Insulin & Glucose 2gether When insulin attaches to the cell it
opens the cell to let in Glucose.
Insulin & Glucose 2getherInsulin & Glucose 2gether
Type 1 DiabetesType 1 Diabetes Occurs at
childhood (kids and teens) genes.
Pancreas loses the ability to make insulin or makes very little.
Must inject themselves everyday and watch what they eat.
Type 1 DiabetesType 1 Diabetes
Type 2 DiabetesType 2 Diabetes
Makes improper insulin.
Occurs usually over the age of 45 or people overweight.
Inherited from ones parents. (genes)
Gestational Gestational
women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose levels during pregnancy
Too Much GlucoseToo Much Glucose If Glucose can’t get into the cell it builds
up creating sugary blood. (hyperglycemia)
Foods with high CarbsFoods with high Carbs
Eating glucose levelsEating glucose levels
Above 150 Can be diabetic.
Eating glucose levelsEating glucose levels
Above 150 Can be diabetic.
Causes of DiabetesCauses of Diabetes
Genetics Poor eating
habits Stress Sickness Lack of
exercise
Symptoms of DiabetesSymptoms of Diabetes
Extreme Thirst Need to urinate
frequently Sudden or
excessive weight loss.
Extreme hunger Fatigue Vaginal yeast
infection in girls
High /Low GlucoseHigh /Low Glucose
TreatmentsTreatments
Diet Exercise (30
min per day) Blood Glucose
checks (monitoring)
Insulin injections
Medications
TreatmentsTreatments
If Not Treated What Could Happen?
If Not Treated What Could Happen?
Kidney Problems Blindness Dental problems Amputation Infections DEATH! Recap
Quiz Time!!!Quiz Time!!!
True or False. Eating too much sugar causes diabetes.
(False) type 1 diabetes happens when the
cells in the pancreas that make insulin are destroyed.
type 2 diabetes is inherited
Quiz Time!!!Quiz Time!!!
True or False. People with diabetes can never eat sweets.
(False) It just means that they should put
the brakes on eating too many sweets and other types of foods that are high in calories and low in nutrients like vitamins and minerals.
Quiz Time!!!Quiz Time!!!
True or False. People can outgrow diabetes.
(False) People don't grow out of their diabetes.
In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas stops making insulin and won't make it again.
Type 2 diabetes will probably always have the tendency to develop high blood sugar levels
Quiz Time!!!Quiz Time!!!
True or False. You can catch diabetes from a person who has it.
(False) Diabetes is not contagious, which
means you can't get it from another person.
Quiz Time!!!Quiz Time!!!
True or False. People with diabetes can feel when their blood sugar levels are high or low.
(False)
You may feel certain symptoms (like weakness or fatigue) if your blood sugar levels are high or low, but the only way to know your blood sugar levels for sure is to test them.
Quiz Time!!!Quiz Time!!!
True or False. All people with diabetes need to take insulin.
(False) All people with type 1 diabetes have to
take insulin injections because their pancreases don't make insulin anymore. Some, but not all, people with type 2 diabetes have to take insulin — with or without other diabetes medications.
Quiz Time!!!Quiz Time!!!
True or False. Insulin cures diabetes. (False) Diabetes is a condition that you
manage with insulin, but insulin can't cure it.
Quiz Time!!!Quiz Time!!!
True or False. People with diabetes can't exercise.
(False) Exercise is important for all people
— with or without diabetes! Exercise has many benefits. In addition to helping keep your weight under control
