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Understanding Conflict and Conflict Management. Pitambar Bhandari Assistant Professor Department of Conflict, Peace and Development Studies, T.U. SEP 23, 2011. Is Conflict necessary or not !. Definition of conflict. The term "Conflict" is defined as - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Understanding Conflict and Conflict Management
Pitambar BhandariAssistant Professor
Department of Conflict Peace and Development Studies TU
SEP 23 2011
Is Conflict necessary or not
Definition of conflict
bull The term Conflict is defined as bull A struggle to resist or overcome contest of
opposing forces or powers strife battle bull A state or condition of opposition antagonism
discord the conflict of testimony bull Active antagonism clash collisionbull Psychoanalyst painful tension set up by a clash
between opposed and contradictory impulses in an individual (Websters comprehensive dictionary 1996
Definition
bull If you want peace understand the war ndash Liddle hart bull The story of the human race is war and before history
began murderous strife was universal and unending ndash Churchil
bull ldquoConflict is the result of opposing interests involving scarce resources goal divergence and frustrationrdquo ndash Niklas Swanstrom
bull Conflict shouldnrsquot be defined simply in terms of violence (behavior) or hostility attitudes) but also include incompatibility or difference in issues positionrdquo ndash Otto Czempiel
Definition
bull ldquoA situation in which two or more parties strive to acquire the same scarce resources at the same timerdquo ndash Peter Wallensteen
bull ldquoPerceived differences in issue positions between two or more parties at the same moment in timerdquo - Mikael Weissmann
Types of conflict
On the basis of the nature and form of conflict it has been divided into five categories
bull Structural conflict bull IdeologicalTheoretical Conflict bull Interest Based Conflict bull Factual Conflict bull Relational Conflict
Typesbull Structural Differences and disagreements on the state structure-
constitution act and different law of the nation This type of conflict prevails on the issues of unequal distribution of national resources
bull Ideological Differences on norms values and ideology create the conflict
bull Interest Based Differences in interest will and wishes among the people Conflict remains in the latent and sometimes on the surface
bull Factual Some Published fact and information might create conflict among individuals group and parties Issues concerning the border of the two countries result of the election etc
bull Relational Lack of communication mis-understanding misinterpretation misconception of opponent
Armed conflictbull UCDP uses concept of lsquoArmed Conflictrsquo amp focuses on lsquoConflict Resolutionrsquobull CDP defines conflict as a contested incompatibility that concerns government or territory or both
where the use of armed forces between parties results in at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull UCDP divides conflicts into three categoriesbull Minor Armed Conflicts at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull Intermediate Armed Conflicts More than 25 amp less than 1000 battle related deaths in a yearbull War at least 1000 battle related deaths in a year Uppsala Conflict Data Projectsbull Conflicts are divided according to types of conflictbull Interstate Armed Conflict ndash occur between two or more statesbull Internationalized Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state amp internal
opposition groups with intervention from other states in the form of troopsbull Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state and internal opposition groupbull UCDP aims to connect its data to development of conflict theory ndash specially in particular theories of
Conflict Resolutionbull Uppsala Conflict Data Project is the major massive and well funded research project in the world
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Is Conflict necessary or not
Definition of conflict
bull The term Conflict is defined as bull A struggle to resist or overcome contest of
opposing forces or powers strife battle bull A state or condition of opposition antagonism
discord the conflict of testimony bull Active antagonism clash collisionbull Psychoanalyst painful tension set up by a clash
between opposed and contradictory impulses in an individual (Websters comprehensive dictionary 1996
Definition
bull If you want peace understand the war ndash Liddle hart bull The story of the human race is war and before history
began murderous strife was universal and unending ndash Churchil
bull ldquoConflict is the result of opposing interests involving scarce resources goal divergence and frustrationrdquo ndash Niklas Swanstrom
bull Conflict shouldnrsquot be defined simply in terms of violence (behavior) or hostility attitudes) but also include incompatibility or difference in issues positionrdquo ndash Otto Czempiel
Definition
bull ldquoA situation in which two or more parties strive to acquire the same scarce resources at the same timerdquo ndash Peter Wallensteen
bull ldquoPerceived differences in issue positions between two or more parties at the same moment in timerdquo - Mikael Weissmann
Types of conflict
On the basis of the nature and form of conflict it has been divided into five categories
bull Structural conflict bull IdeologicalTheoretical Conflict bull Interest Based Conflict bull Factual Conflict bull Relational Conflict
Typesbull Structural Differences and disagreements on the state structure-
constitution act and different law of the nation This type of conflict prevails on the issues of unequal distribution of national resources
bull Ideological Differences on norms values and ideology create the conflict
bull Interest Based Differences in interest will and wishes among the people Conflict remains in the latent and sometimes on the surface
bull Factual Some Published fact and information might create conflict among individuals group and parties Issues concerning the border of the two countries result of the election etc
bull Relational Lack of communication mis-understanding misinterpretation misconception of opponent
Armed conflictbull UCDP uses concept of lsquoArmed Conflictrsquo amp focuses on lsquoConflict Resolutionrsquobull CDP defines conflict as a contested incompatibility that concerns government or territory or both
where the use of armed forces between parties results in at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull UCDP divides conflicts into three categoriesbull Minor Armed Conflicts at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull Intermediate Armed Conflicts More than 25 amp less than 1000 battle related deaths in a yearbull War at least 1000 battle related deaths in a year Uppsala Conflict Data Projectsbull Conflicts are divided according to types of conflictbull Interstate Armed Conflict ndash occur between two or more statesbull Internationalized Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state amp internal
opposition groups with intervention from other states in the form of troopsbull Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state and internal opposition groupbull UCDP aims to connect its data to development of conflict theory ndash specially in particular theories of
Conflict Resolutionbull Uppsala Conflict Data Project is the major massive and well funded research project in the world
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Definition of conflict
bull The term Conflict is defined as bull A struggle to resist or overcome contest of
opposing forces or powers strife battle bull A state or condition of opposition antagonism
discord the conflict of testimony bull Active antagonism clash collisionbull Psychoanalyst painful tension set up by a clash
between opposed and contradictory impulses in an individual (Websters comprehensive dictionary 1996
Definition
bull If you want peace understand the war ndash Liddle hart bull The story of the human race is war and before history
began murderous strife was universal and unending ndash Churchil
bull ldquoConflict is the result of opposing interests involving scarce resources goal divergence and frustrationrdquo ndash Niklas Swanstrom
bull Conflict shouldnrsquot be defined simply in terms of violence (behavior) or hostility attitudes) but also include incompatibility or difference in issues positionrdquo ndash Otto Czempiel
Definition
bull ldquoA situation in which two or more parties strive to acquire the same scarce resources at the same timerdquo ndash Peter Wallensteen
bull ldquoPerceived differences in issue positions between two or more parties at the same moment in timerdquo - Mikael Weissmann
Types of conflict
On the basis of the nature and form of conflict it has been divided into five categories
bull Structural conflict bull IdeologicalTheoretical Conflict bull Interest Based Conflict bull Factual Conflict bull Relational Conflict
Typesbull Structural Differences and disagreements on the state structure-
constitution act and different law of the nation This type of conflict prevails on the issues of unequal distribution of national resources
bull Ideological Differences on norms values and ideology create the conflict
bull Interest Based Differences in interest will and wishes among the people Conflict remains in the latent and sometimes on the surface
bull Factual Some Published fact and information might create conflict among individuals group and parties Issues concerning the border of the two countries result of the election etc
bull Relational Lack of communication mis-understanding misinterpretation misconception of opponent
Armed conflictbull UCDP uses concept of lsquoArmed Conflictrsquo amp focuses on lsquoConflict Resolutionrsquobull CDP defines conflict as a contested incompatibility that concerns government or territory or both
where the use of armed forces between parties results in at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull UCDP divides conflicts into three categoriesbull Minor Armed Conflicts at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull Intermediate Armed Conflicts More than 25 amp less than 1000 battle related deaths in a yearbull War at least 1000 battle related deaths in a year Uppsala Conflict Data Projectsbull Conflicts are divided according to types of conflictbull Interstate Armed Conflict ndash occur between two or more statesbull Internationalized Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state amp internal
opposition groups with intervention from other states in the form of troopsbull Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state and internal opposition groupbull UCDP aims to connect its data to development of conflict theory ndash specially in particular theories of
Conflict Resolutionbull Uppsala Conflict Data Project is the major massive and well funded research project in the world
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Definition
bull If you want peace understand the war ndash Liddle hart bull The story of the human race is war and before history
began murderous strife was universal and unending ndash Churchil
bull ldquoConflict is the result of opposing interests involving scarce resources goal divergence and frustrationrdquo ndash Niklas Swanstrom
bull Conflict shouldnrsquot be defined simply in terms of violence (behavior) or hostility attitudes) but also include incompatibility or difference in issues positionrdquo ndash Otto Czempiel
Definition
bull ldquoA situation in which two or more parties strive to acquire the same scarce resources at the same timerdquo ndash Peter Wallensteen
bull ldquoPerceived differences in issue positions between two or more parties at the same moment in timerdquo - Mikael Weissmann
Types of conflict
On the basis of the nature and form of conflict it has been divided into five categories
bull Structural conflict bull IdeologicalTheoretical Conflict bull Interest Based Conflict bull Factual Conflict bull Relational Conflict
Typesbull Structural Differences and disagreements on the state structure-
constitution act and different law of the nation This type of conflict prevails on the issues of unequal distribution of national resources
bull Ideological Differences on norms values and ideology create the conflict
bull Interest Based Differences in interest will and wishes among the people Conflict remains in the latent and sometimes on the surface
bull Factual Some Published fact and information might create conflict among individuals group and parties Issues concerning the border of the two countries result of the election etc
bull Relational Lack of communication mis-understanding misinterpretation misconception of opponent
Armed conflictbull UCDP uses concept of lsquoArmed Conflictrsquo amp focuses on lsquoConflict Resolutionrsquobull CDP defines conflict as a contested incompatibility that concerns government or territory or both
where the use of armed forces between parties results in at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull UCDP divides conflicts into three categoriesbull Minor Armed Conflicts at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull Intermediate Armed Conflicts More than 25 amp less than 1000 battle related deaths in a yearbull War at least 1000 battle related deaths in a year Uppsala Conflict Data Projectsbull Conflicts are divided according to types of conflictbull Interstate Armed Conflict ndash occur between two or more statesbull Internationalized Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state amp internal
opposition groups with intervention from other states in the form of troopsbull Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state and internal opposition groupbull UCDP aims to connect its data to development of conflict theory ndash specially in particular theories of
Conflict Resolutionbull Uppsala Conflict Data Project is the major massive and well funded research project in the world
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Definition
bull ldquoA situation in which two or more parties strive to acquire the same scarce resources at the same timerdquo ndash Peter Wallensteen
bull ldquoPerceived differences in issue positions between two or more parties at the same moment in timerdquo - Mikael Weissmann
Types of conflict
On the basis of the nature and form of conflict it has been divided into five categories
bull Structural conflict bull IdeologicalTheoretical Conflict bull Interest Based Conflict bull Factual Conflict bull Relational Conflict
Typesbull Structural Differences and disagreements on the state structure-
constitution act and different law of the nation This type of conflict prevails on the issues of unequal distribution of national resources
bull Ideological Differences on norms values and ideology create the conflict
bull Interest Based Differences in interest will and wishes among the people Conflict remains in the latent and sometimes on the surface
bull Factual Some Published fact and information might create conflict among individuals group and parties Issues concerning the border of the two countries result of the election etc
bull Relational Lack of communication mis-understanding misinterpretation misconception of opponent
Armed conflictbull UCDP uses concept of lsquoArmed Conflictrsquo amp focuses on lsquoConflict Resolutionrsquobull CDP defines conflict as a contested incompatibility that concerns government or territory or both
where the use of armed forces between parties results in at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull UCDP divides conflicts into three categoriesbull Minor Armed Conflicts at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull Intermediate Armed Conflicts More than 25 amp less than 1000 battle related deaths in a yearbull War at least 1000 battle related deaths in a year Uppsala Conflict Data Projectsbull Conflicts are divided according to types of conflictbull Interstate Armed Conflict ndash occur between two or more statesbull Internationalized Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state amp internal
opposition groups with intervention from other states in the form of troopsbull Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state and internal opposition groupbull UCDP aims to connect its data to development of conflict theory ndash specially in particular theories of
Conflict Resolutionbull Uppsala Conflict Data Project is the major massive and well funded research project in the world
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Types of conflict
On the basis of the nature and form of conflict it has been divided into five categories
bull Structural conflict bull IdeologicalTheoretical Conflict bull Interest Based Conflict bull Factual Conflict bull Relational Conflict
Typesbull Structural Differences and disagreements on the state structure-
constitution act and different law of the nation This type of conflict prevails on the issues of unequal distribution of national resources
bull Ideological Differences on norms values and ideology create the conflict
bull Interest Based Differences in interest will and wishes among the people Conflict remains in the latent and sometimes on the surface
bull Factual Some Published fact and information might create conflict among individuals group and parties Issues concerning the border of the two countries result of the election etc
bull Relational Lack of communication mis-understanding misinterpretation misconception of opponent
Armed conflictbull UCDP uses concept of lsquoArmed Conflictrsquo amp focuses on lsquoConflict Resolutionrsquobull CDP defines conflict as a contested incompatibility that concerns government or territory or both
where the use of armed forces between parties results in at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull UCDP divides conflicts into three categoriesbull Minor Armed Conflicts at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull Intermediate Armed Conflicts More than 25 amp less than 1000 battle related deaths in a yearbull War at least 1000 battle related deaths in a year Uppsala Conflict Data Projectsbull Conflicts are divided according to types of conflictbull Interstate Armed Conflict ndash occur between two or more statesbull Internationalized Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state amp internal
opposition groups with intervention from other states in the form of troopsbull Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state and internal opposition groupbull UCDP aims to connect its data to development of conflict theory ndash specially in particular theories of
Conflict Resolutionbull Uppsala Conflict Data Project is the major massive and well funded research project in the world
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Typesbull Structural Differences and disagreements on the state structure-
constitution act and different law of the nation This type of conflict prevails on the issues of unequal distribution of national resources
bull Ideological Differences on norms values and ideology create the conflict
bull Interest Based Differences in interest will and wishes among the people Conflict remains in the latent and sometimes on the surface
bull Factual Some Published fact and information might create conflict among individuals group and parties Issues concerning the border of the two countries result of the election etc
bull Relational Lack of communication mis-understanding misinterpretation misconception of opponent
Armed conflictbull UCDP uses concept of lsquoArmed Conflictrsquo amp focuses on lsquoConflict Resolutionrsquobull CDP defines conflict as a contested incompatibility that concerns government or territory or both
where the use of armed forces between parties results in at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull UCDP divides conflicts into three categoriesbull Minor Armed Conflicts at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull Intermediate Armed Conflicts More than 25 amp less than 1000 battle related deaths in a yearbull War at least 1000 battle related deaths in a year Uppsala Conflict Data Projectsbull Conflicts are divided according to types of conflictbull Interstate Armed Conflict ndash occur between two or more statesbull Internationalized Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state amp internal
opposition groups with intervention from other states in the form of troopsbull Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state and internal opposition groupbull UCDP aims to connect its data to development of conflict theory ndash specially in particular theories of
Conflict Resolutionbull Uppsala Conflict Data Project is the major massive and well funded research project in the world
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Armed conflictbull UCDP uses concept of lsquoArmed Conflictrsquo amp focuses on lsquoConflict Resolutionrsquobull CDP defines conflict as a contested incompatibility that concerns government or territory or both
where the use of armed forces between parties results in at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull UCDP divides conflicts into three categoriesbull Minor Armed Conflicts at least 25 battle related deaths in a yearbull Intermediate Armed Conflicts More than 25 amp less than 1000 battle related deaths in a yearbull War at least 1000 battle related deaths in a year Uppsala Conflict Data Projectsbull Conflicts are divided according to types of conflictbull Interstate Armed Conflict ndash occur between two or more statesbull Internationalized Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state amp internal
opposition groups with intervention from other states in the form of troopsbull Internal Armed Conflict ndash occurs between the government of a state and internal opposition groupbull UCDP aims to connect its data to development of conflict theory ndash specially in particular theories of
Conflict Resolutionbull Uppsala Conflict Data Project is the major massive and well funded research project in the world
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Stages
bull Latent Conflict Parties have different interests or incompatible goal Hidden
bull Confrontational Open-people do not listen anymore to the arguments of the opponent
bull Crisis Escalation of violence Communication between the parties has come to an end
bull Outcome Defeat of one side or a cease fire bull Post conflict Conflict resolved But if the issues are
not dealt properly another pre-conflict situation will rise
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Reasons and issues of Conflict
bull Differences and contradictions about bull Goals bull Power bull Ideas bull Values bull Perception bull Access to resources bull Grievances
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Conflict within the individual
bull Anger bull Self ndash hatred bull Addiction bull Revenge bull Blame
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Interpersonal Conflict
bull Marital tension bull Family strife bull Disputes with friends and neighbors bull Conflict at work or school
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Family Conflict
Members pursue self-interest over the welfare of family
bull Infidelity bull Money issues bull Sibling rivalry bull Careerism bull Alcoholism bull Family power and resource sharing bull Position change
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Social Conflict
bull Religion bull Ethnic Tension bull Legal disputes bull Abuse of power bull War
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
What is the position of peace then
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Conflict ManagementConflict Resolution
or Conflict Transformation
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
The approach of the Conflict Management school is to end wars through different diplomatic initiatives This is the oldest school of thought closely linked to the institutionalization of peacebuilding in international law1048698 The peacebuilders within the logic of this school are external diplomats from bilateral or multilateral organizations1048698 Its theoretical approach is referred to as outcome-oriented approach which aims to identify and bring to the negotiating table leaders of the conflict parties Its main focus is on the short-term management of the armed conflict
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Conflict Management is a process of making progress ndash developing mutual gains of both parties achieving agreements lying foundations for further negotiations or managing the conflict as much as possible to reduce violence1048698 In legal sense ndash CM is application of existing laws amp regulations to ensure the rights amp provides remedies that reconcile past prejudices1048698 In the political discourse management of conflict is sharing of power and privileges1048698 Two schools of thoughts prevails within CM Discourse1048698 Conflict as lsquoPathological amp Dysfunctionalrsquo ndash needs to be suppressed or end it1048698 Conflict as functional means for lsquoSocial Changersquo ndash constructive social process
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Power mediation is a special form of conflict management with the same criteria as the outcome-oriented approach but including the possibility of applying external power including financial carrots andor military sticks on the parties
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Conflict Resolution
bull What Bridge between a very narrow concept of peace (no war) and a very broad one (justice)
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
How
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
When
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Armed conflict and conflict resolution
bull CR as a situation where the conflicting parties enter into an agreement that solves their central incompatibilities accept each otherrsquos continued existence as parties and cease all violent action against each other
bull Agreement A formal understanding a document signed may be informal requires trust
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Peace Agreement is the Integral part of conflict Resolution
bull Trust versus Testbull A 10-year long armed conflict and the conflict
resolution practice has many dimensionsbull 12-point Understanding between CPN
(Maoist) and Seven Political Parties in 2005 in Delhi
bull Comprehensive Peace accord 2006
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Major Challenges in promoting culture of Peace in Nepal
bull Conflict Dynamicsbull Impunitybull Lack of strong and accountable governmentbull Intra party conflictbull Formation of youth militia type of organizations by the
major political partiesbull Delay in implementing the major provision mentioned in
CPA 2006 bull Underlying ethnic tensionbull Reintegration and rehabilitation of Maoist ex-combatants
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
If conflict is necessary then why to resolve
Thank You
Thank You
