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Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Presented ByMr. Anirban Roy
4/4 B.Tech ECERoll No. - 04404
05/01/23 2
Overview Introduction Why ATM? ATM Implementation example. Business & Profits ATM Switch Conclusions Questions and Suggestions
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Introduction ATM – Asynchronous Transfer Mode Past Situation
Emerged in 1990s but could not take off immediately because of cost of implementation
High cost mainly due to lack of technology to make fast ATM switches
Inability of organizations to use high bandwidth provided by ATM
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Introduction Present situation
Emergence of VLSI Technology to make fast transistor switching possible.
Increase in demand for fast networks. Lowering of prices for ATM switches and
Interface cards.
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What is ATM? A packet switching network. Connection oriented network. Simple concept
Data is broken down into cells ATM frame consists of 53 such cells
5 cells are used as header Remaining 48 cells are the payload
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Physical LayersLargely ‘physical layer’
independentE1, E3, DS3, OC3, OC12, etcMegabits rather than kilobits
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Why ATM? Incorporates variety of information
Voice, video, data, multimedia Applications in the field of:
Business Manufacturing Health Care Government Software Legal
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Why ATM? Lowers network costs because of a
common network. Higher Bandwidth Flexible Bandwidth QOS Standardization of equipment
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Implementation Example Sprint ATM Network Consists of ATM network with a
range of ATM switches and an Integrated Services HUB.
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Integrated Services
Hub (ISH)
LAN
Dedicated IP
VideoPBX systems
Managed Network Service
Fax Voice
Workstation
Cell Structure
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ATM Reference Model
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ATM AAL’sTraffic Class
Class A Class B Class C Class D
Adaptation Layer
AAL-1 AAL-2 AAL-3/4AAL-5 (SEAL)
AAL-3/4
Mode Connection Oriented
Connection Oriented
Connection Oriented
Connectionless
End-to-End Timing?
Yes Yes No No
Bit Rate Constant Variable Variable VariableExamples PCM voice,
constant bit-rate video
Variable bit-rate voice and video
Frame relay, SNA, TCP-IP, E-mail
SMDS
ATM Services
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Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC’s)
Manual setup/static connectivity
Switched Virtual Circuits (SVSC’s)
Flexibility but establishment overhead.
Connectionless ServiceMost wireless devices.
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ATM Growth Results for backbone
technologies adopted obtained from studies by Infonetics Research.
IP and ATM are prevalent networks
MPLS Growing Fast Suggests Multi-service
networks.
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ATM QOS Results obtained
from Infonetics Research.
ATM dominant. MPLS growing fast.
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QOS.• QOS. traffic contract
Peak Bandwidth. Average sustained bandwidth. Burst size.
• traffic shaping Constrain data bursts. Limit peak data rate. Smooth jitters.
• and traffic policing Measures the actual traffic flow. Based on it set CLP of the offending cell to 1.
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Cisco BPX 8600 Series Switches Standards-based ATM
switch with advanced IP and ATM capabilities.
Designed to meet the demanding, high-traffic needs
Delivers high-performance ATM switching, multi-service adaptation and aggregation
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Cisco BPX 8600 Series Switches Up to 20 Gbps of high-
throughput switching Supports a wide range of
interfaces, from Frame Relay to full broadband subscriber interfaces
Also supports multi-protocol label switching (MPLS)
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Cisco BPX 8600 Series Switches Multi-shelf architecture
Allows users to incrementally expand the capacity of the system as needed and fully utilize the switch fabric
Advanced switching capabilities Intelligent call processing for
Frame Relay and ATM switched virtual circuits (SVCs)
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Cisco BPX 8600 Series Switches Reliability
Automatic Routing Management reroutes virtual circuits if a trunk fails
Scalability High service availability and
performance Robust, redundant
architecture
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Conclusions ATM network supports constant bit
rate and variable bit rate applications.
Organizations are able to run different applications using a common network.
Lower cost of implementation because of a single network.
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Conclusions ATM provides good QOS. Organizations using ATM networks
are earning profits. ATM is a network for the future. Compatible for implementing
MPLS.
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Conclusion
ATM Backbone Network of British Airways
Questions ?
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Q What is the purpose of the adaptation layer?Q What is the difference between UNI and NNI?Q Which adaptation layer is most frequently adapted and why?Q What is the one line advantage of ATM ?Q Main function of PNNI?
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References http://www.sprintbiz.com/bizpark/
products_services/network http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/
td/doc/pcat/bp8600.htm#ov http://telephonyonline.com/ar/
telecom_tough_crowd_sprint/ http://news.earthweb.com/xSP/
print.php/574431