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Under taken at
CAMPHOR & ALLIED PRODUCTS LTD.C.B.GUNJ, BAREILLY (U.P.)
Submitted in:
Partial fulfillment of the requirement for degree of M.B.A.
2008-2010
Submitted to Submitted by-
Mr.Sajjan Chaudhari
MBA3rd sem.
Bareilly
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PREFACE
Human Beings are Resource to an Organization like any other material. They represent aninvestment whose Development and utilization require Managing (i.e. Planning, Organizing
Leadership, Evaluation and Training). It has been truly said, People are most important assets
of any organization, they are the soul and foundation stone for the organization
In every organization, Human resources are a Pivotal variable without which the
inanimate assets are worthless. Like cash put into a saving account, Human
resource can appreciate in value. Therefore, human resources need to be
understood in their proper perspective and utilized effectively to achieve the goal
of an organization. Thats why it is said that amongst the four Ms, Man is
considered to be the most vital, essential, sensitive and active factor of
production that also activates other factors of production. It is enough for an
organization to make the selection of right man for the appropriate job but it is
necessary to acquaint them with the real situations of work and effective
methods of operating Machines and Equipments. In this way we can say that
there is growing need for the kind of education that will properly equip workers
to meet their increasingly vast economic and social responsibilities. It is not the
infrastructure and the machines that make an organization big and successful but
it is the well recruited workers who by their sheer knowledge and expertise make
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a full and optimum utilization of the modern Machines and tools. Thus proper
Trade union contributes to the accomplishment of organizational objectives.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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There are many people who graciously gave their time and feedback in preparing
this report. Their feedback has significantly improved this report.
Through this acknowledgement note , I would like to express to my gratitude to
& MR. K. M. MISHRA (Administrative Manager of C.A.P. Ltd. ) who gave me a
opportunity to conduct research project in CAMPHOR & ALLIED PRODUCT
LTD. BAREILLY.
I am also thankful to Mr. SAJJAN CHAUDHRY (Faculty of KCMT, BAREILLY) whose
valuable suggestion proved helpful to me, for preparing this report. During my
training I got all desirable & relevant information from all officers & all staff
members of the C & A Ltd. With out their cooperation, to prepare this report,
was not possible to me.
MR. K. M. MISHRA (Administrative Manager Camphor & allied Product Ltd.) is the
key person, who made me aware about the whole industry.
(KALPANA TYAGI)
ROLL NO. 0814270031
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.Introduction of the trade union
1.Meaning of trade union-----------------------------------------------
2.Functions & role of trade union-------------------------------------
3.Different type of trade union presently work in India---------
4.Different type of trade union structure followed in India------
2.Objective of the research-----------------------------------------------
3.Research Methodology----------------------------------------------
4.Limitations of the research-----------------------------------
5.Data Analysis & Interpretation-----------------------------
6.Findings----------------------------------------------------------
7.Recommendations----------------------------------------------------
8.Conclusion-------------------------------------------------------------
9.Bibliography----------------------------------------------------------
10.Annexure-------------------------------------------------------------
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MEANING OF TRADE UNION :
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1. FUNCTIONS AND ROLE OF TRADE UNIONS IN INDIA
2. BASIC FUNCTIONS OF TRADE UNION
3.DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRADE UNIONS PRESENTLY WORKING IN INDIA.
4.TRADE UNIONS WORKING IN BHEL.
5.OBJECTIVES OF AITUC, INTUC, HMS, CITU.
6.DIFFERENT TYPES OF UNION STRUCTURE IN INDIA AND BHEL.
MEANING OF TRADE UNION
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ACC. TO G.D.H. COLE, A trade union means, an association of workers in one or
more professions - an association carried mainly for the purpose of protecting and
advancing the members economic interest in connection with their daily work.
FUNCTION S & ROLE OF TRADE UNIONS IN INDIA -
Achieving higher wages & better working & living conditions for the
members.
Acquiring the control of industry by workers.
Minimizing the helplessness of the individual workers by making them
stand collectively & increasing their resistance power through collectivebargaining protecting the members against victimization & injustice of
employers .
Raising the status of the workers as partners of industry & citizen of society
by demanding increasing share for the worker in management &industrial
enterprises.
Providing workers self confidence.
Imbibing sincerity & discipline in workers.
Taking up welfare measures for improving the morale of the workers.To secure for workers fair wages.
To improve working & living conditions.
To enlarge opportunities for promotion & training.
.
(C) BASIC FUNCTIONS OF TRADE UNIONS
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Functions of TRADE UNION are divided in to TWO categories:
1. MILITANT OR INTRA- MUTUAL FUNCTIONS
2. FRATERNAL OR EXTRA MORAL FUNCTIONS
MILITANT OR INTRA MUTUAL FUNCTIONS
These functions include protecting the workers interest i.e. hike in wages,
providing more benefits , job security etc , through collective bargaining & direct
action such as strikes , gheraos etc.
FRATERNAL OR EXTRA MORAL FUNCTIONS
These functions include providing financial & non financial assistance to
workers during the periods of strikes & lockouts, attention of medical facilitiesduring sickness & casualties, provision of education, recreational & housing
facilities, provision of social & religious benefits etc.
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS
These functions include carrying out social service activities, charging
social responsibilities through various sections of society like educating the
customers.
POLITICAL FUNCTIONS
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These functions include affiliating a union to a political party, helping the political
party in enrolling the members, collecting donations, canvassing during election
period, seeking the help of political party during the strikes & lockouts.
ANCILLARY FUNCTIONS-
(a) COMMUNICATION
Trade unions communicate its activities, programs, decisions, achievements etc
to its members through publication of news letter or magazines.
(b) WELFARE ACTIVIES
Trade unions undertake welfare activities like acquiring of house sites,
construction of houses , establishment of cooperative housing society,
cooperative credit society, organizing training activities etc .
(c) EDUCATION
Trade unions provide educational facilities to its members & their family
members.
(d) RESEARCH
Trade unions arrange to conduct research programs. They systematically collect &
analyze data & information for collecting bargaining. Preparing of notes for
unions officials, for court cases etc. They also arrange to analyze macro data
about economy, industry& different sectors etc .
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(D). DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRADE UNIONS PRESENTLY WORKING IN
INDIA
1 ALL INDIA TRADE UNION CONGRESS (AITUC)
The AITUC was formed in 1920 depending upon the necessities of elected
delegates for the INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION ( ILO ) .
2 INDIAN NATIONAL TRADE UNION CONGRESS (INTUC)
The efforts of INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS resulted in the establishment of
INTUC by taking the split in AITUC; INTUC started gaining membership from its
inception itself.
3 HIND MAZDOOR SABHA (HMS)
It was founded in 1948, after separation from AITUC. The INDIAN FEDERATION of
labor merged with the HMS. Radicals formed another union under the name of
UNITED TRADE UNION CONGRESS in 1949.
4 CENTRE OF INDIAN TRADE UNION (CITU)
The CITU believes that the exploitation of the working class can be ended only by
socializing all means of production, distribution & exchange & establishing a
socialist state, i.e. it stands for the complete emancipation of society from all
exploitation.
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SOME OTHER TRADE UNIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS-
1 BHARATIYA MAZDOOR SANGH
2 MAZDOOR PANCHAYAT
3 NATIONAL FRONT OF INDIAN TRADE UNIONS
(E) TRADE UNIONS WORKING IN BHEL
Basically in BHEL trade unions are divided according to their two plants. They are
Heavy Electrical Equipment Plant (HEEP)
Central Foundry Forge Plant (CFFP)
Heavy Electrical Equipment Plant (HEEP)
HEEP - BHEL Workers Unions
This union is affiliated to HIND MAZDOOR SABHA ( HMS). It was formed in 1992.
Registration No. is 7881.
(A). BHEL MAZDOOR KALYAN PARISHAD (BMKP)
This union is independent. It was formed in 2005. Registration No. is 9508.
(B)Heavy Electrical Workers Trade Union
This is also an independent union. It was formed in 1983. Registration No. is 2548.
(C). Haridwar Heavy Electrical Mazdoor Union
This union is affiliated to INDIAN NATIONAL TRADE UNION CONGRESS (INTUC).
Registration No. is 8213.
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(D)BHEL Workers Association
This union is affiliated to ALL INDIA TRADE UNION CONGRESS (AITUC).
Registration No. is 3057.
BHEL Kalnyan Union
This union is affiliated to CENTRE OF INDIAN TRADE UNION (CITU). Registration
No. is 6058.
2.CEEP TRADE UNION IS :
CENTRAL FOUNDARY FORGE PLANT Employee Association.
This is also independent union.
(a) BHEL Workers Union - This union is affiliated to HIND MAZDOOR SABHA.
(F). OBJECTIVE OF AITUC, INTUC, HMS, AND CITU:
1. ALL INDIA TRADE UNION CONGRESS (AITUC)
The objectives of AITUC are
(a) To socialize and nationalize means of production, distribution and exchange.
(b) To watch, promote and further the interest, rights and privileges of the
workers in all matters relating to their employment.
(c) To coordinate the activities of the labor unions affiliated to the AITUC
(d) To abolish political or economic advantage based on caste, creed, community,
race or religion.To secure and maintain for the workers, right to strike.
2. INDIAN NATIONAL TRADE UNION CONGRESS (INTUC)
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To make necessary arrangement for the efficient and speedy and satisfactory
conclusion of authorized strikes.
(b).To develops a sense of responsibility towards industry and Community in the
workers.
(c) To raise the workers standard of efficiency and discipline.
(d) To place industry under national ownership and control in a
Suitable form.
(e) To promote social, civic, and political interest of the working class.
HIND MAZDUR SABHA (HMS )
(a) To arrange for adequate housing facilities
(b) To get effective recognition of right of collective bargaining
(c) To cooperate with other organization in the country.
(d) To secure and maintain for workers freedom of association,
Freedom of speech, freedom of press, right to strike
(e) To strive for getting a living wage to all the workers.
4. CENTRE OF INDIAN TRADE UNION (CITU)
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The CITU fights against all encroachment on the economic and social rights of
the workers, and enlargement of their rights and liberties including rights to
strike, for winning, defending and extending the freedom of the democratic trade
union movement.
CITU fights for the immediate interest of the working class demands.
(c) CITU fights against the repressive policy of the government towards the
democratic and trade union movement, it fights for replacing the bourgeois-
landlord regime by a democratic regime.
(d) It adheres to the position that no social transformation can be brought about
without class struggle and shall constantly repel attracts to take the working class
along the path of class collaboration.
(G) DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRADE UNION STRUCTURE
IN INDIA :
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(a ) Craft Unions
If the workers of same category of job form into union , that union is called Craft
Union . These unions are called as horizontal unions. The basic logic behind the
formation of such unions is that the workers belonging to the same craft do face
similar problems mostly non managerial personnel form such union. Examples
of Craft Unions are Drivers Associations, Signaling Staff Union in Indian Railways.
(b) General Unions
If the workers of any industry, any region and any job form into one union in
order to protect the overall interests of the workers, such unions are called
General Unions.
(c) Industrial Unions
If the workers of different categories form into a union that union is called
Industrial Unions . These unions are also called as VERTICAL UNIONS. The basic
logic behind the formation of these unions is that workers of same rules ®ulations & are administrated by same management. The importance of these
unions has been increasing in recent times. EXAMPLE - BHEL.
(d) Federation and Confederation -
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Industrial unions , either of same industry or of different industry may form into
an association in order to improve Trade union. Unity such unions of Unions are
called Federations. During critical situations Federations in different industries
may resort to concerted action without losing their individually. In such situations
Federations form into an Association and such association is called Confederation.
EXAMPLE- FEDERATION OF INDIAN RAELWAYS, P&T, BHEL, and Central
government employees may fin confederation.
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HOW TRADE UNIONS HELP MANAGEMENT IN CARREER PLANNING OF
THE EMPLOYEES
Trade union help the management in career planning of the employees in the
following ways
1. INTERNAL MOBILITY
2. TRANING3. EDUCATION
4. STRIKES DECISIONS
1. INTERNAL MOBILITY Trade unions help the management in providing internal mobility. It
includes vertical and horizontal movement of an employee within an
organization. It consist of transfer, promotion and demotion
(A) TRANSFERIt is a process of placing employees in the same level jobs where they can be
utilized more effectively in consistence with their potentialities and needs of the
employees and the organization. Trade unions help the management in this way
also. It also deals with
(a) Developing transfer policies and procedures.
(b) Guiding employees and line management on transfers.
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(c) Evaluating the execution of transfer policies and procedures.
PROMOTION
It deals with upward reassignment given to an employee in the organization to
occupy higher position which commands better status or pay keeping in view the
human resources of the employees and the job requirements.
(a) This function covers the formulating of equitable, fair and consistent
promotion policies and procedures.
(b) Advising line management and employees on matters relating to promotions
(C) Evaluating the execution of promotion policies and procedures.
Organization considers the candidates form the source for higher level jobs to
meet the trade unions demands as well as to the policy of the organization to
motivate the present employees.
(B) DEMOTIONIt deals with downward reassignment to an employee in the organization
. ( a ) Develop equitable, fair and consistent demotion policies and procedures .
( b ) Advising line managers on the matters relating to demotions .
( c ) Oversee the implementation of demotion policies and procedures .
INTER MOBILITY is one of the internal source or Trade union.
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MANAGEMENT PREFERS THE INTERNAL TRADE UNION due to
following reasons:
Loyalty, commitment, a sense of belongingness, and security of the present
employees can be enhanced.
Morale of the employees can be improved.Reduced the cost of Trade union.
Employees psychological needs can be met by providing an opportunity.
Trade unions can be satisfied.
2. TRAINING
Trade unions help the management in providing training to the employees .It can
be defined as Training is an act of increasing the knowledge and skill of an
employee for doing a particular jobIt includes
Trade unions help in identification of training needs of the individuals and the
company.
It also helps and the line management in the conduct of training programs.
It also helps in conducting development programs such as development tours
It also helps employees at the time of Induction.
It also helps the management in imparting the requisite job skills and knowledge
to employees. .
2. EDUCATION-
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Management has a partnership with the trade unions in the career planning of
the employees by providing education to the children of the employees.. By
providing this type of facility the management boost up the employee morale and
it also motivate the employee.
4. STRIKES DECISIONS
It is also one of way by which trade union become a partner of the management.
It also affects the production of the company as well as career of the employees. .
5. COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
can be done to draw the conclusion of the strikes. Unions and the management
use this collective bargaining as a tool to come to the final solution of the
problem.
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACCORDING TO SYDNEY AND BEATRICE WEBB. It is
a method by which trade unions protected and improved the conditions of their
members working lives
STEP IN COLLECTIVE BARGAINING-
1. NEGOTIATION
2. CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION
1. NEGOTIATION ( a ) Identification of problem
The first step in negotiation is identification of problem i.e. whether the problem
is important that to be discussed immediately., whether the problem is minor or
major. The nature of the problem influences the whole process
. ( b) Preparing for Negotiations
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When it becomes necessary to solve the problem through collective bargaining
process, both the parties prepare themselves for negotiations.
(c ) Negotiations of agreement
There will be a chief negotiator who is from the management side. He directs and
presides the process. The chief negotiator presents the problem, its intensity and
nature and the views of both the parties. When a solution is reached it is put on
the paper taking concerned legislation into consideration. Both the parties
concerned sign the agreement which in turn becomes a binding contract for both
the parties
2. CONTRACT ADMINISTRATIONImplementation of the contract is as important as making a contract.
Management usually distributes the printed contract, its terms and conditions
throughout organization. The union takes the steps to see that all the workersunderstand the contract and implement it. From time to time depending upon
changing circumstances, both the parties can make mutually acceptable
amendments.
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IMPORTANCE OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
It increases economic strengths of unions and the management. It avoids interruption in work which follows strikes. Lay down fair rates of wages. Achieve an efficient operation of the plant. Promote stability and prosperity of industry. It provides a solution to problem of sickness in the industry. Establish uniform conditions of employment with a view to avoiding
industrial disputes and maintain stable peace in industry.
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The objective of my research study is to find out:
Role of trade union for the protection of the workers of the organization. Role of Trade unions in secure the workers faire wages & salary. To enlighten the effectiveness of Trade union in Camphor. To the development of the harmonious relationship among the
organization and how it works in a factory.
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Definition:-
Research Methodology is a scientific search which is used in organization for
solving the problem.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design which is been implemented here is DISCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
DESIGN
SOURCE OF DATA COLLECTION
The data has been collected by two sources i.e. primary source of data collection
and secondary source of data collection.
Primary source of data collection:-
QUESTIONNAIRE (closed ended questions)
Secondary source of data collection:-
The secondary sources of data collection are:-
Through companys website (_ HYPERLINK "http://www.canphor-allied.com"
__www.canphor-allied.com_)
Through companys previous records
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SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
The sampling technique which is been used in this report is CONVENIENT
SAMPLING.
SAMPLE SIZE
The sample size which the report contains is of 50 employees.
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The study was conducted in Camphor & Allied Product Limited. The data was
collected by employees. The study has following limitation:-
The study was limited in its scope in terms of the geographical expanse.The study was time consuming.Small sample size due to which statistical tools are not being applied.The study was mostly based on secondary data.
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Q: 1- Is it your first Company where you are a part of Trade union?
Yes no
0% 100%
_
100% of worker says that it is not a first factory where they are the part of trade
union.
0%
100%
yes
no
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Q: 2 Are you satisfied with the president of trade union
Yes No Can't Say
70% 20% 10%
_
70% of workers are satisfied with their president of trade union, 20% of workers
are not satisfied with president and 10% of workers are neutral about their
president.
70%
20%
10%
yes
no
can't say
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Q: 3- are you satisfied with the salary paid to you?
YES NO
20% 80%
80% of workers are not satisfied with the salary paid them and 20% of workers
are satisfied with the salary.
20%
80%
yes
no
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Q: 4 - do you think the president of your trade union or the company gives job to
people who have some approach?
YES NO
40% 60%
_
40%
60%
yes
no
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Q: 5 - How many times in a week does your trade union president talk to you?
ONCE A WEEK TWICW A WEEK MORE THAN 2 TIMES
20% 50% 30%
_
50% of workers said that president of trade union interact with them twice a
week, 30% said that he interact with them more than time and 20% said that once
a week he interact with them.
20%
50%
30%
once
twice
more time
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Q: 6 do you think discussion in the company help you to resolve interpersonal
conflicts?
Yes No cant say
60% 10% 30%
60%
10%
30%
yes
no
can't say
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60% workers are satisfied with the method of solving the inter personal conflict in
the factory, 10% workers are not satisfied and 30% workers are neutral about
their opinion.
Q: 7 - does the president listen to your problems and other complaints with
interest?
Always attentively sometime dont take interest
60% 30% 10%
never
always
sometimes
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56% worker said that the president of trade union always listen their problems,
35% workers said that he listen them sometimes and 35% said that he never
listen their problem carefully.
_
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Q:8 - does he offer you solution?
Yes no
60% 40%
60% workers said that president of trade union solve their problem and 40% said
that he does not help them to solve their problems.
60%
40%
yes
no
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Q-9 Do you think that trade union is for the benefit of employees?
Yes No
70% 30%
70% workers said that trade union is beneficial for the welfare of them and 30%
said that it is not beneficial for them.
70%
30%
yes
no
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The study was conducted at Camphor & Allied Product Limited. The data was
collected from the employees specifically. During the research process I find
following:-
y The workers are satisfied with the president of the C.A.P.y Trade union helps worker for solving their interpersonal problems and
other problem related to the factory.
y Trade union plays a very important role for the welfare of the employees aswell as their safety & social and security aids.
y In CAP there are a mutual understanding between the management andthe trade union of the workers.
y T.U. helps the workers in the matter of their wage & salary as well as forthe bonus & increment.
y TU helps in removing interpersonal conflicts' in the organization.y The Trade union procedure is based on the certain Trade union policy.y The Trade union procedure here for the compensation.
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I like to suggest the following points they are as follows:-
y CAP has to check it that the president of the trade union should be themember of their organization instead of outside.
y While taking any important decision regarding any changes in salary &wages, the management has to inform the president of the TU it will help in
controlling the occurrence of grievances.
y The management has to use collective bargaining to remove theinterpersonal conflicts between the management and the employees.
y For maintain the harmonious relationship between the management &workers there must be proper communication between the mgmt & TU.
y In order to retain the employees the organization must conduct themotivational program.
y There should be continuous and effective communication between themanagement and the worker, this will help in reducing occurrence of
grievances in the organization.
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Research shows that the Trade union in the C.A.P.Ltd. is fair and based on the
union policy. An organization depends on the harmonious relationship between
employees and the management. For this purpose TU play an important role to
resolves the grievances and interpersonal conflicts. Therefore TU should be well
channelized by suitable members and president.
The success of any organization depends on the employees i.e. human resource.
Thats why maintaining harmonious relationship in any factory the trade union
have its grate importance. Without mutual understanding and discipline between
the worker and management, the factory cant achieve its goal effectively.
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(A)BOOKS
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT--------C.B.GUPTA
HRM-K.Aswathapa
Personnel Management -C.B.Memoria
(B) REPORTS AND JOURNALS OF CAMPOR ALLIED
(C) INTERNET DATABASE
_ HYPERLINK "http://www.camphor-allied.com" __www.camphor-allied.com_
_ HYPERLINK "http://www.google.com" __www.google.com_
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TRADE UNION SURVEY OF THE EMPLOYEE
Name of Employee: --------------------------------------------------------
Age: --------------------------------Gender----------s------------------------
Designation: -----------------------------------------------------------------
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Questionnaire
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Q: 1- Is it your first Company where you are performing in trade union
1.YES
2.NO
Q: 2 Are you satisfied with the president of trade union
1.YES
2.NO
3.CANTSAY
Q: 3- are you satisfied with the salary paid to you?
1. YES
2.NO
Q: 4 - do you think the president of your trade union or the company gives job to
people who have some approach?
1.YES
2.NO
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Q: 5 - How many times in a week does your trade union president talk to you?
1.ONCE A WEEK
2. TWICW A WEEK
3. MORE THAN 2 TIMES
Q: 6 do you think discussion in the in Trade union you to resolve interpersonal
conflicts?
1. YES
2.NO
3.CANTSAY
Q: 7 - does the president listen to your problems and other complaints with
Interest?
1. AWAYSE ATTENTIVLY
2. SOME TIME
3. DONT TAKE INTEREST
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Q: 8 - does he offer you solution?
1.YES
2.NO
Q-9 Do you think that trade union is for the benefit of employees?
1.Yes
2.NO