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UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
WG II
19581958•Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards the "New York" Convention
19761976•UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules (revised in 2010)
19801980•UNCITRAL Conciliation Rules
19851985•UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (amended in 2006)
19961996•UNCITRAL Notes on Organizing Arbitral Proceedings (updated 2016)
20022002•UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Conciliation
20122012
•Recommendations to assist arbitral institutions and other interested bodies with regard to arbitration under the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules (as revised in 2010)
20132013•UNCITRAL Rules on Transparency in Treaty- based investor-State Arbitration
20142014•UN Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration
NowNow•Preparation of an instrument on enforcement of intern. commercial settlement agreements resulting from conciliation
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNCITRAL: a Legal Standard on Transparency
2008
• Commission identifies transparency work to take place as “matter of priority” after finalisation of the Arbitration Rules
2010
• Adoption of UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules and commencement of work on transparency
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Reform - Transparency
1st step
Rules on Transparency
2nd step
Transparency Convention
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
THE CONCEPT OF TRANSPARENCY
• Publication of Documents• Open Hearings
INCREASED PUBLIC INFORMATION ABOUT ARBITRAL PROCEEDINGS
• Submission by Third Parties
INCREASED PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Principle
Procedural Transparency Procedural Efficiency
(public interest) (interest of disputing parties)
Core issues:
• Public access to procedural documents and arbitral awards
• Open hearings
• Amicus Curiae
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Japan -Kenya
Canada-Mongolia
Morocco-Rwanda
CETA
Rwanda-Turkey
Argentina -Qatar
Chile-Hong Kong, China
BIT
Nigeria-Morocco
Iran-Slovak
Rep
Azerbaijan-Russian
Federation
Guinea-Bissau -Morocco
Japan –Kazakhstan
Colombia-Turkey
Canada-Nigeria
Canada-Serbia
Korea-Australia
Georgia-Switzerland
Canada-Cote
d’Ivoire
Canada-Mali
Greece -UAE
Montenegro-Rep
Moldova
Egypt-Mauritius
Canada-Senegal
Japan-Uruguay
Japan-Mongolia
Burkina-Faso-
Canada
Canada-Guinea
Japan-Oman
Austria-Kyrgyzst
an
TPP
Canada –Hong-Kong
(SAR China)
Bahrain-Russian
Federation
Kyrgyzstan-Qatar
Cambodia-Russian
Federation
Japan-Ukraine
Denmark -FYROM
Eurasian Economic
Union -Vietnam
Iran-Russian
Federation
Morocco-Russian
Federation
Mauritius-UAE
San Marino-
Azerbaijan
Kuwait-Kyrgyzstan
Iran-Japan
Eurasian Economic
Union
Kyrgyzstan-UAE
Korea-Myanmar
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Use of Transparency Rules in Treaties since 1 April 2014
Arb. Rules 2013,38,4%
Arb.Rules 2013+,38,4%
no transparency,11,6%
elementstransparency, 11,6%
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Art.1: Scope of application
• Opt-in for existing treaties
In investor-State arbitrations initiated under the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules pursuant to a treaty concluded before 01.04.2014 these Rules shall apply only when:
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Scope of application (Existing treaties: opt-in)
• The parties to an arbitration (“disputing parties”) agree to their application in respect of that arbitration; or
• the Parties to the treaty, or, in the case of a multilateral treaty, the home State of the investor and the respondent State, have agreed after 01.04.2014 to their application.
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
No reservations
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
(17 March 2015, Balaclava, Mauritius)Signature ceremony for the Mauritius Convention on Transparency
(17 May 2015) UK signs
UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
(9 May 2016, Mauritius)Ban Ki-Moon addresses the International Council forCommercial Arbitration (ICCA) Congress:‘The “Mauritius Convention on Transparency” promisesto be a turning point in investment arbitration. My hopeis that this [instrument] can bring greater efficiency andcoherence to a system currently based on more than3,000 treaties’