UN Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012

STATISTICAL YEARBOOK FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

2012Country profiles

We appreciate your feed-back Questions or comments concerning this publication may be addressed to the Director of the ESCAP Statistics Division, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand, 10200 by emailing [email protected] ESCAP encourages all readers and users of the Yearbook to complete the electronic readership survey (http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012/readership-questionnaire.asp)

Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012


United Nations Publication Copyright United Nations 2012 All rights reserved ST/ESCAP/2647

ii


PrefaceThis 2012 edition of the Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific is the first in a new publication schedule and is being published only online for the first time. Starting from this edition, the Yearbook will be available as a printed edition every two years and as an online edition in intermediate years. The Yearbook remains a publication for a non-specialized audience interested in development issues in the AsiaPacific region. While keeping its richness in information content, we try to maintain a user-friendly format, including using numerous charts to visualize statistical information. The 2012 Yearbook includes country profiles for the 58 regional members and associate members of ESCAP. The country profiles present key indicators selected from the complete list of indicators that are published in the Yearbook. For each country, statistical information is presented in tables with the latest available values and numerous statistical charts presenting trends over the last 20 years, and, where possible, comparison with regional and world averages. The country profiles are complemented by regional and sub-regional tables providing an overview of Asia-Pacific in comparison with other major regions of the world and selected country groups. While only key statistical information is available through the country profiles, more complete tables are available on the Yearbook website at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012. Tables are published as data files to facilitate their re-use and further processing by data users. The statistical database from which the Yearbook is published is available online at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/statdb/DataExplorer.aspx. Being updated twice a year (end of March and end of October of every year), the online database contains complete time series. In our continuous attempt to improve the Statistical Yearbook, we need to hear from its users. Please kindly take the time to fill the readership questionnaire available at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012/Readership-Questionnaire.asp .

iii


iv


Team for the preparation of the Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012

The primary responsibility for producing the Statistical Yearbook lies with the ESCAP Statistics Division, under the guidance of Haishan Fu, Director, Statistics Division. The team for the production of the Statistical Yearbook includes: Coordination Eric Hermouet Statistics and data management Krisana Boonpriroje, Nongnuch Hiranyapaisansakul, Marisa Limawongpranee, Nixie Mabanag-Abarquez, Teerapong Praphotjanaporn, and Panpaka Supakalin Editing Isabel Pereira Rodrigues Layout and process management The Statistical Yearbook 2012 has been produced through a script in R developed by Eric Hermouet, with the assistance of Harumi Shibata, Habibur Rahman Khan, Emanuela Furfaro and Nan Ye. Cover design Laksanawadee Klawploadtook and Krisana Boonpriroje.

v


AcknowledgementsThis publication would not have been possible without the contribution of data from numerous international agencies (listed below) which compiled and produced statistics. Special thanks are extended to the ILO Employment Trends Unit, the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, and the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) for providing datasets and contributing to the calculation of regional and economic aggregates. List of online data sources Asian Development Bank (ADB), Key Indicators EM-DAT: Emergency Events Database Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Forest Resources Assessment International Energy Agency Database International Labour Organization (ILO), Key Indicators of the Labour Market Sixth Edition International Monetary Fund (IMF), International Financial Statistics International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Inter-Parliamentary Union, Women in National Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), Global Report: UNAIDS Report on the Global Epidemic 2010 UNSD, National Accounts Main Aggregates Database Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Development Database on Aid from DAC Members; OECD.Stat database; and The Gender, Institutions and Development database UNdata ESCAP, Transport Division UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Data Centre United Nations Comtrade United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), World Investment Report United Nations Environment Programme, Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research United Nations Millennium Development Goals Indicators United Nations Population Division (UNPD); World Population Prospects, The 2010 Revision; World Urbanization Prospects, The 2009 Revision; World Migrant Stock, The 2008 Revision United Nations Service Trade Database WHO Global Health Observatory; World Malaria Programme, World Malaria Report 2011; WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse; Global status report on road safety World Bank, Development Research Group, World Development Indicators World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) World Trade Organization (WTO) http://www.adb.org/ http://www.emdat.be/ http://www.fao.org/ http://www.iea.org/ http://www.ilo.org/ http://www.imf.org http://www.itu.int/ http://www.iucn.org/nature http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/ http://www.unaids.org/AIDS/globalreport http://unstats.un.org/unsd http://www.oecd.org

http://data.un.org/ http://www.unescap.org/ttdw/ http://www.uis.unesco.org http://comtrade.un.org/ http://www.unctad.org/ http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ http://mdgs.un.org/ http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/ http://esa.un.org/migration/ http://unstats.un.org/unsd/ http://www.who.int http://apps.who.int/ghodata/ http://data.worldbank.org/ http://unwto.org/ http://www.wto.org/

vi


Asia-Pacific development 2012

Did you know?PeopleMore than 4.2 billion people lived in the Asia-Pacific region in 2011, constituting 60% of the worlds population...The region includes the only two countries in the world that have populations exceeding 1 billion: China and India.

Fertility rates have declined in the region; in 2011, the region-wide fertility rate was equal to the replacement rate (2.1 births per woman)East and North-East Asia and North and Central Asia have the lowest fertility rates in the region, 1.6 and 1.8 live births per woman, respectively. The highest rates are found in South and South-West Asia, at 2.6, and the Pacific island developing economies, at 3.6. Among female adolescents (women aged 15-19 years) in the Asia-Pacific region, during the period 2005-2010, the fertility rate was 45.2 live births per 1,000 women less than half the rate in Africa and almost triple the rate in Europe. Afghanistan and Nepal were the only two countries in the region whose adolescent fertility rate exceeded 100.

The Asia-Pacific region has the highest ratio of boys to girls in the world...In Asia and the Pacific, the child sex ratio (boys per 100 girls aged 0-14) was 110 in 2011, much higher than the sex ratio under natural conditions (105). The population sex ratio in the region was 104 (men per 100 women) in 2011. The child sex ratio and the population sex ratio are higher than in any other region of the world. In 2011, China had the highest child sex ratio (121) and population sex ratio (108) in the region.

The elderly numbered 301 million in the Asia-Pacific region in 2011...The proportion of the elderly (aged 65 and above) in Asia and the Pacific increased from 5.3% in 1990 to 7.1% in 2011, representing a 36% increase in their share of the total population. By subregion, the share of the elderly increased by 51% in East and North-East Asia, 42% in South-East Asia, 31% in South and South-West Asia, 20% in North and Central Asia, and 19% in the Pacific. Over the last decade, the life expectancy for both women and men increased in every country in the Asia-Pacific region (with available data); the largest increase was seen in Nepal, where the life expectancy for women increased by 4.1 years, and for men by 3.7 years.

Urbanization in the Asia-Pacific region is increasing, along with the rest of the world...Between 2005 and 2010, the urban proportion of the worlds population overtook the rural proportion. That tendency continued in 2011, rising from 49% in 2005 to 51% in 2011. In Asia and the Pacific (the second least urbanized region in the world) the proportion of the urban population increased from 33% in 1990 to 43% in 2011. Between 2005 and 2011, the proportion of the urban slum population in the region decreased from 35% to 31%.

In 2010, the Asia-Pacific region was host to 53 million international migrants...Migrants living in the region comprised 25% of the worlds total migrant population in 2010. The proportion of migrants in the total Asia-Pacific population was 1.3%.

vii


In 2011, 2.4 million infants and 3.0 million children under 5 died in the Asia-Pacific region representing a 4% reduction from 2010 mortality rates.During the period 1990-2011, the under-five mortality rate decreased by 50%, from 83 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 42 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2011. The infant mortality rate dropped from 61 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 33 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2011. As of 2011, Afghanistan still had the highest under-five mortality rate (101), followed by Pakistan (72), Tajikistan (63) and Myanmar (62). In 2011, the lowest under-five mortality rate in the region was registered in both Japan and Singapore, each with 3 deaths per 1,000 live births.

The maternal mortality ratio in the Asia-Pacific region declined by more than 50% during the past two decades, from 379 deaths per 100,000 live births in 1990 to 146 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2010.In 2012, regionally, and when compared to 1990 levels, the lives of over 200,000 women were saved. Nevertheless, over 100,000 maternal deaths in the region occurred in 2012, which accounted for 37% of the worlds total maternal deaths. The difference in the maternal mortality ratios between low-income and highincome countries was extreme: 260 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in low-income countries; 8 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in high-income countries. Maternal mortality is closely linked with antenatal care. In 2010, approximately 14 million women in the region did not have a single pregnancy-related antenatal care visit, and 22 million births were not attended by skilled health personnel (19 million of these births occurred in South and South-West Asia).

In 2010, in the Asia-Pacific region, 191,066 people living with HIV had access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), an increase from 2009In 2009, there were 14,400 additional deaths from AIDS than in 2005. However, given that between 2000 and 2005 there were 66,200 additional deaths from AIDS, this was progress.

Malaria affected 10.6 million people in the Asia-Pacific region in 2010...In Asia and the Pacific, the number of reported cases of malaria declined during the period 2005-2010, down by 575 thousand annual reported cases. Despite this decline, 3,310 people in Asia and the Pacific died due to malaria in 2010. Papua New Guinea had the highest malaria incidence in 2010, with 18,287 cases per 100,000 population, followed by Solomon Islands (13,660), Timor-Leste (10,590) and Vanuatu (7,023).

Although the incidence rate of tuberculosis declined during the last two decades in the Asia-Pacific region, 5.9 million new cases were reported in 2010...In Asia and the Pacific there were 142 new cases of tuberculosis diagnosed per 100,000 population in 2010, and a total of 8.7 million people were living with tuberculosis.

In the Asia-Pacific region smoking prevalence is higher among men than womenIn 2009, 42% of the men in Asia and the Pacific were smoking (compared to 37% of all men globally); 5% of the women in Asia and the Pacific were smoking (compared to 9% of all women globally).

In the last two decades, in the Asia-Pacific region, female participation in the labour force declined overall, but increased in the non-agricultural sectors...Female participation in the Asian and Pacific labour force declined from 65 employed women per 100 employed men in 1991 to 62 employed women per 100 employed men in 2010. During the same period, female participation in the labour force increased in non-agricultural sectors, from 49 women per 100 employed men in 1991 to 54 women per 100 employed men in 2010. In Asia and the Pacific, 45% of employed women were engaged in the agricultural sector in 2009, compared with 37% of men. The proportion of women employed in industry and services has remained relatively constant in the last 20 years, from 17% in 1991 to 19% in 2009 in industry, and from 22% in 1991 to 36% in 2009 in services.

viii


Womens access to land and property remains very limited in some countries in the Asia-Pacific regionWomens access to land was classified (by OECD) as very limited in seven countries in South and South-West Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka), two countries in South-East Asia (Lao Peoples Democratic Republic and Timor-Leste), two countries in the Pacific (Fiji and Papua New Guinea) and one country in East and North-East Asia (Mongolia).

In almost all countries in the Asia-Pacific region, women remain underrepresented in national and local politicsIn terms of parliamentary representation, in 2011, women occupied slightly more than 30% of the seats in their national parliaments in only two countries in Asia and Pacific: Nepal (33%) and New Zealand (34%).

The number of people living in extreme poverty in the Asia-Pacific region declined from about 1.7 billion in 1990 to 0.8 billion in 2010Based on the available data, in 2010 the proportion of people living in extreme poverty (those living on less than PPP$1.25 per day) was highest in Bangladesh (43%), followed by India (33%). In 2010, 57% of the world population living in extreme poverty lived in Asia and the Pacific, down from 71% in 1990.

In 2010, in the Asia-Pacific region, 380 million people lacked access to improved water sources and 1.74 billion lacked access to improved sanitationRegion-wide access to improved water sources increased from 73% of the total population in 1990 to 91% in 2010. In 2010, 97% of the urban population and 86% of the rural population had improved water sources. Access to improved sanitation increased from 36% to 58% of the total population during the same period. Rural access to improved sanitation grew from 22% to 46% between 1990 and 2010, while urban access grew from 65% to 75%.

EnvironmentThe Asia-Pacific region accounted for 50% (up from 38% in 1990) of the worlds total CO2 emissions in 2009...In 2006, the total CO2 emissions in Asia and the Pacific stood at 14.5 billion tons. The annual growth rate was, however, decreasing. In 2009, total CO2 emissions grew in the region by 2.6%, down from 4.1% in 2008. In 2009, China was the single largest emitter of greenhouse gases worldwide, emitting 6.8 billion tons of CO2, which was 1.1 billion tons more CO2 than from all of North America. However, as of 2009, on a per capita basis, the North American rate of emissions was 3.3 times higher than that of China. The subregion with the highest carbon intensity in 2009 was North and Central Asia, with 824 grams of CO2 emissions per 1 dollar of GDP (2005 PPP); South-East Asia was the subregion with the lowest carbon intensity, with 391 grams of CO2 per 1 dollar of GDP (2005 PPP).

In 2009, the Asia-Pacific region produced more energy than any other region in the world, accounting for 46% of total global production...Within Asia and the Pacific, the subregion with highest energy production in 2009 was East and North-East Asia, with 2.3 billion tons of oil equivalent; the Pacific was the subregion with the lowest production of energy, with 326 million tons of oil equivalent. In per capita terms, in 2009, the total primary energy supply (TPES) in Asia and the Pacific was 1,367 kgs of oil equivalent, which was 24% below the worlds average. Between 2000 and 2009, electricity production in Asia and the Pacific grew by an average of 5.3% per year, and its share of world electricity production increased from 34% to 44%.

ix


East and North-East Asia produced 5,262 billion kWh of electricity in 2009, almost 60% of the Asia-Pacific total, with China and Japan collectively accounting for 4,744 billion kWh. Between 2000 and 2009, the household electricity consumption grew on average 6.8% each year in South and South-West Asia, while it decreased 1.2% in North and Central Asia. However, in 2009, South and South-West Asia was still the subregion with the lowest household electricity consumption in the region, with 169 kWh per capita. The highest household electricity consumption was in Pacific subregion, with 2,752 kWh per capita, mainly due to the performance of Australia and New Zealand.

In 2009, the Asia-Pacific region accounted for 30% of the worlds primary forest and 54% of the worlds planted forest...During the last decade, the total forest area in Asia and the Pacific increased by 89,291 square kilometres, but there were huge differences between subregions. South-East Asia lost about 332,000 square kilometres of forest, an area roughly equal to the size of Viet Nam. In contrast, East and North-East Asia increased its amount of forest area by 454,284 square kilometres, an area larger than Uzbekistan.

Natural disasters killed (on average) more than 70,000 people every year during the past decade in the Asia-Pacific region, and in 2011 the mortality from natural disasters was particularly high for East and North-East Asia...In 2011, the Asian and Pacific region paid a huge human toll as a result of natural disasters. In East and NorthEast Asia almost 21 thousand people died due to natural disasters. In 2011, more than 170 million people in Asia and the Pacific were affected by natural disasters. South-East Asia was particularly hard hit by natural disasters. In 2011 alone, 14.3 million people in South-East Asia were impacted by natural disasters. Of the worlds total, in 2011, Asia and the Pacific included 83% of those affected by natural disasters, 81% of deaths due to natural disasters, and 80% of economic damage from natural disasters. In 2011, East and North-East Asia was the subregion with highest economic damages from natural disasters, with Japan accounting for 74% of the economic damages in the entire region.

EconomyDefying the ongoing world financial crisis, the Asia-Pacific region maintained positive GDP growth in 2010GDP growth in Asia and the Pacific was positive in 2010, at 6.6%. The low and lower-middle income countries showed average GDP growth rates of 6.1% and 9.4%, respectively. Growth in upper-middle and high income countries was 5.5% and 4.5%, respectively, almost similar to growth rates for the world. The gross domestic investment rate in Asia and the Pacific increased in 2010 to 3.9%, up from its negative rate in 2009. In 2010, the regional average investment rate was 31% of GDP.

Monetary effects of the ongoing global financial crisis are also apparent in the Asia-Pacific regionInflation in Asia and the Pacific increased from 2.6% in 2009 to 3.8% in 2010. Japan was the only country in the region that experienced deflation in 2010. In 2011, the central bank discount rate was lowered in 5 of the 26 Asia-Pacific countries for which data were available 12 were heightened and 9 stayed constant. In Asia and the Pacific, 13 currencies depreciated vis--vis the United States dollar, 26 currencies appreciated and 24 currencies appreciated by 2.0% or more.

In 2010, compared to other regions, the Asia-Pacific region had the lowest unemployment rate at 4.6%...Unemployment rates in all other regions of the world (Africa, 8.1%; Europe, 9.7%; Latin America and Caribbean, 7.2%; North America, 9.5%) were higher than that in Asia and the Pacific in 2010. Of those employed in Asia and the Pacific, 39% were in the agricultural sector, 37% in services and 24% in industry.

x


Employment is higher for men than women...Male employment-to-population ratio in the region was 76, while the female ratio was 48. Notably, 6 of the 10 countries in South and South-West Asia had a male employment-to-population ratio of more than double the female ratio.

In 2011, with 36% of total merchandise exports, the Asia-Pacific region surpassed Europe to become the top exporter of merchandiseIn 2011, the share of total world merchandise exports in Asia and the Pacific (36.3%) was higher than that in Europe (36.1%). The total share of world merchandise imports in the region, in 2011, was 34.7%, well below Europes share of 36.1%. In the past decade, the share of export and imports of merchandise from the Asia-Pacific region has shown the largest gains, increasing from 28.4% and 25.1% in 2002 to 36.3% and 34.7% in 2011. In contrast, the shares of Europe and North America in world merchandise exports for the period 2002-2011 dropped from 43.6% to 36.1% and 14.6% to 10.6%, while the share of imports declined from 41.1% to 36.1% and 21.2% to 14.9% respectively.

Trade dependence in the Asia-Pacific region has more than doubled since 1990...As measured by the ratio of merchandise exports to GDP, the regional dependence on trade increased from 11% in 1990 to 31% in 2011.

In 2011, China was the top exporter and importer of services in the Asia-Pacific region...Between 2000 and 2011, Japans share of export of services fell from 22% to 12.5%, and import of services fell from 29% to 14%. Chinas share of export of services increased from 10% to 16%, and its share of import of services doubled from 10% to 20%, making it the country with the highest exporter and importer of services in the Asia and the Pacific, followed by India, whose share of export and import of services more than doubled, from 5% to 13% and 5% to 11% respectively.

In 2010, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow to the Asia-Pacific region increased by 23%...FDI increased from US$351 billion in 2009 to US$431 billion in 2010. FDI as a proportion of GDP increased in three subregions: East and North-East Asia, 1.6%; South-East Asia, 5.0%; and the Pacific, 2.6%. In 2010, the major sources of FDI outflow in the region were China, Japan, the Russian Federation, and Hong Kong, China. Collectively, in 2010, they provided almost one fifth of the world total FDI outflow.

Overseas workers remittances contribute substantially to many countries in the Asia-Pacific regionIn 2010, remittances from overseas workers in Asia and the Pacific increased by 12%, from US$125 billion in 2009 to US$140 billion in 2010. Remittances were most significant, as a proportion of GDP, for Tajikistan (at 40%), Kyrgyzstan (27%), Nepal (21%), Samoa (20%), Bangladesh (11%) and the Philippines (8%).

ConnectivityThe Asia-Pacific region accounted for more than 50% of the worlds mobile-cellular population in 2008, and the number of subscribers continues to growThe total number of mobile-cellular subscribers in Asia and the Pacific grew from 52% in 2008 to 57% in 2011, and the rate of growth shows no sign of abating.

With over 1.1 billion users in 2011, the number of Internet users in the Asia-Pacific region represents about half (49.7%) of the world's total Internet user population (2.3 billion)During the period 2005-2010, the average annual growth rate in the Internet user population in the region was 20% higher than the world average of 13%. However, the percentage of Internet users (per 100 people) in the region stood at 27% in 2011 well below the world average of 33%.

xi


In 2011, over 30 million fixed (wired) broadband subscribers were added in China alone, which accounted for 50% of the increase in the total number of subscribers worldwide (60 million)Despite the large increase in the number of fixed (wired) broadband subscribers in China, the Asia-Pacific region, with 6.7 broadband users per 100 people, remains well below the level of use in North America (29.1) and Europe (25.1).

In 2010, 20 of the worlds top container ports (in terms of throughput) were in the Asia-Pacific region, including the top five...The top five container ports in Asia and the Pacific were located in China; Japan; Republic of Korea; Singapore; and Hong Kong, China.

During the period 1995-2009, the overall demand for Asian and Pacific rail passenger transport services grew by 76%; freight transport grew by 89% to 2010...In 1995 there were 1.2 trillion passenger-kilometres and 2.9 trillion ton-kilometres of freight transported by railways in Asia and the Pacific. In 2009 there were 2.2 trillion passenger-kilometres, and in 2010 there were 5.5 trillion ton-kilometres of freight. The railways of China, India and Japan registered the highest number of passenger-kilometres in 2009. In 2010, China, India and the Russian Federation recorded the most freight (in tons-kilometres).

Half of the substandard roadways in the Asian Highway network were upgraded to the minimum standard between 2004 and 2010...Approximately 17,000 kilometres of Asian Highway substandard roads were upgraded to the minimum standard (double bituminous-treated roads with two lanes) between 2004 and 2010, leaving only 8.0% of network roadways below the minimum standard.

In 2010, inbound tourist arrivals in the Asia-Pacific region totalled nearly 250 million (27% of the worlds total number of tourist arrivals)...The number of inbound tourist arrivals in the region totalled nearly 250 million in 2010, up 11% from 2009. With the exception of the Pacific, all of the subregions recorded double-digit percentage increases in inbound tourist arrivals. In the region, expenditures by inbound tourists rose to US$350 billion in 2011, up from US$310 billion the previous year. China, Malaysia and Turkey saw the most inbound tourism arrivals.

The Asia-Pacific region accounted for over 25% of the worlds total CO2 emissions from transport in 2009In 2009, the transport industry in Asia and the Pacific emitted 1,752 million tons of CO2 (total world CO2 emissions in 2009 was 6,544 million tons). Of those emissions, the road sector was responsible for 84% of the emissions, 12.6% came from aviation and 2.9% from rail.

xii


Table of contents

Preface............................................................................................................................................................... iii Production team ............................................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................................... vi Asia-Pacific development 2012: Did you know? .......................................................................................... vii Country profiles Afghanistan ............................................................................................................................................ 1 American Samoa ................................................................................................................................... 3 Armenia .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Australia.................................................................................................................................................. 7 Azerbaijan............................................................................................................................................... 9 Bangladesh ........................................................................................................................................... 11 Bhutan................................................................................................................................................... 13 Brunei Darussalam.............................................................................................................................. 15 Cambodia ............................................................................................................................................. 17 China ..................................................................................................................................................... 19 Hong Kong, China.............................................................................................................................. 21 Macao, China ....................................................................................................................................... 23 Cook Islands ........................................................................................................................................ 25 Democratic Republic of Korea......................................................................................................... 27 Fiji.......................................................................................................................................................... 29 French Polynesia ................................................................................................................................. 31 Georgia ................................................................................................................................................. 33 Guam .................................................................................................................................................... 35 India ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 Indonesia .............................................................................................................................................. 39 Iran, Islamic Republic of.................................................................................................................... 41 Japan...................................................................................................................................................... 43 Kazakhstan........................................................................................................................................... 45 Kiribati .................................................................................................................................................. 47 Kyrgyzstan............................................................................................................................................ 49 Lao Peoples Democratic Republic.................................................................................................. 51 Malaysia................................................................................................................................................. 53 Maldives................................................................................................................................................ 55 Marshall Islands................................................................................................................................... 57 Micronesia, Federated States of ....................................................................................................... 59 Mongolia............................................................................................................................................... 61 Myanmar............................................................................................................................................... 63 Nauru .................................................................................................................................................... 65 Nepal..................................................................................................................................................... 67 New Caledonia .................................................................................................................................... 69 New Zealand........................................................................................................................................ 71 Niue....................................................................................................................................................... 73 Northern Mariana Islands.................................................................................................................. 75 Pakistan................................................................................................................................................. 77 Palau ...................................................................................................................................................... 79 Papua New Guinea ............................................................................................................................. 81xiii


Philippines............................................................................................................................................ 83 Republic of Korea............................................................................................................................... 85 Russian Federation.............................................................................................................................. 87 Samoa.................................................................................................................................................... 89 Singapore .............................................................................................................................................. 91 Solomon Islands.................................................................................................................................. 93 Sri Lanka............................................................................................................................................... 95 Tajikistan .............................................................................................................................................. 97 Thailand ................................................................................................................................................ 99 Timor-Leste .......................................................................................................................................101 Tonga ..................................................................................................................................................103 Turkey .................................................................................................................................................105 Turkmenistan.....................................................................................................................................107 Tuvalu .................................................................................................................................................109 Uzbekistan..........................................................................................................................................111 Vanuatu...............................................................................................................................................113 Viet Nam ............................................................................................................................................115 Regional and subregional comparative tables Asia-Pacific and other regions of the World ................................................................................119 Asia-Pacific: Country income level groups ...................................................................................122 Asia-Pacific: Selected groups - ASEAN, SAARC, ECO, Central Asia ....................................125 Technical notes.............................................................................................................................................128 Statistical methods........................................................................................................................................145

xiv

AfghanistanUnless otherwise specified, the charts below use the following color legend: world aggregate; AsiaPacific aggregate; Afghanistan

HealthMortality rate (death per 1 000 live births) Infant, 2011 Underfive, 2011 Children underfive underweight (%), 2004 Maternal mortality ratio, 2010 (deaths per 100 000 live births) Antenatal care, at least 1 visit, 2010 (% of women with live birth) Population living with HIV, Total adults, Female adults, HIV prevalence rate, (% of population aged 1549) Maternal mortality 19902010 72.7 101.1 32.9 460.0 63.4

EducationNet enrolment in primary education (*), 1993 Net enrolment in secondary education (*), 2007 Gross enrolment in tertiary education (*), 2009 (*) % of respective school aged population Adult literacy rate (*), Male (*), Female (*), (*) % of population aged 15 yrs and above 25.7 24.1 3.3

1.2

Gender disparity in education Ratio of female to male enrolment rates

Population total (millions), 2011 Population growth (annual average, %), 200510 Urban population (% of total), 2011 Population density (population per km), 2011 Foreign population (% of total), 2010 Net migration rate, 200510 (migrants per 1 000 pop.) Fertility rate (live births per woman), 2011 Adolescent fertility rate, 200510 (live births per 1 000 women aged 1519 yrs) Life expectancy (years), 200510 Male Female

32.4 2.6 22.9 49.7 0.3 2.6 6.2 118.7 47.3 48.5 48.8

deaths per 100 000 live births 500 1000 1500 2000

Demographics trends

Births attended by skilled health personnel

Ratio

0.6

No data available

0.0 1993 1993 Primary 1993 2007 Secondary 1990 2009 Tertiary

Public expenditure on education as % of GDP, as % of total government expenditure,1990 2010

0

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development(% of GDP), 18.0 74.0 9.0 1.6 2.1 4.0

12 10 % per annum 8 6 4

Government health expenditure, 2010 (% of government expenditure) Number of physicians (*), 2009 Number of hospital beds (*), 2010 (*) per 10 000 population

Pupils per teacher

Annual population growth rate, 19902011

Years of life lost (YLL), (% of YLL), 2008 Communicable diseases Noncommunicable diseases Injuries

Pupils to teacher ratio, 1990201060 50 40 30 20

in primary education

15 2 0 1990 2000 2010 % of GDP 10

Total health expenditure, 19952010Pupils per teacher

1990 40

1995

2000

2005

2010

in secondary education35 30 25 20 15 2000 2005 2010 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

5

0

Population age structure, 1990 and 2011Female 80+ yrs 7579 7074 6569 6064 5559 5054 4549 4044 3539 3034 2529 2024 1519 1014 59 04 20 15 10 5 0 0 5 10 Male

1995

Poverty & inequalities1990 2011

Population living in poverty below $1.25 2005 PPP a day, (% of pop.), below national poverty line (% of pop.), 2008 Gini index(income equality coefficient), 2008 Population lacking access to improved water sources (% of pop.) , 2010 Rural Urban improved sanitation (% of pop.) , 2010 Rural 50.0 58.0 22.0 63.0 70.0 40.00.0

People lacking access to improved water sources and improved sanitation, 19902010 36.0 27.8Million people 15.0 20.0 Water Sanitation

10.0

5.0

15

20

Urban

% of total population Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012 ESCAP Statistics Division

1995

2000

2005

2010

Page 1

Air pollution and climate changeCarbon dioxide emissions, 2009 Total (millions tons of CO2 ) Grams per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollars Consumption of ozone depleting substance (grams per capita), 2009 1.6

Economic growthGDP at current prices (billion US $), 2010 Growth rate (annual average, %), 200510 Per capita (2005 PPP $), 2010 Gross domestic investment rate (% of GDP), 2010 15.7 7.5 1 185

ConnectivityFixed telephone mainlines (*), 2011 Mobile cellular subscriptions (*), 2011 Internet users (*), 2011 Fixed broadband internet subscribers (*), 2010 (*) per 100 population 0.0 54.3 5.0 0.0

26.5

CO2 emissions per capita, 19902011Million 2005 US dollars

9600 8640 7680 6720 5760 4800 3840 2880 1920 960 0 1990

Value added by sectorAgriculture Industry Services Per 100 population 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2000 1995 2000 2005 2010

Internet users, 20002011

No data available

2005

2010

WaterRenewable water available (m per capita per annum), 2010 Domestic water withdrawal (m per capita per annum), 2007 2 069 7.0

Fiscal balanceGovernment revenue (% of GDP), 2009 Government expenditure (% of GDP), 2009 8.7Per 100 population

10 8 6 4 2 0 2000

Fixed broadband internet subscribers, 20002011

21.8

Monetary measuresInflation rate(% per annum), Exchange rateagainst US dollar, 2011 (% change per annum) 0.6

Water withdrawal by sector, 2000

Agriculture 98.8 %

Industry 0.6 % Domestic use 0.7 %

LabourEmploymenttopopulation ratio, 2011 Population aged 15 and above Females aged 15 and above Males aged 15 and above Unemployment rate (% of labour force), 2005 Females Males Youth unemployment rate % of labour force aged 1524, 45.1 13.8 74.1 8.5 9.5 7.6

2005

2010

Railway density (*), Road density (*), 2010 (*) Km of railway/road per 1 000 km land area Paved roads(% of roads), 2010 Passenger cars(per 1 000 population), 2010 Road traffic deaths (per 100 000 population), 2007

64.6 29.3 21.0 36.3

EnergyTotal primary energy supply (kg of oil equivalent) Per capita, Per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollar,

Energy consumption by sector, 19902009% of total final consumption 40 30 20 10 0

Employment by sector, 19902010

Transport sector CO2 emissions per capita, 19902009

No data available

No data available

1990 2009 Industry

1990 2009 Transport

1990 2009 Residential

BiodiversityAreas protected Marine (% of territorial water) Terrestrial (% of surface area) Forest area(% of land area), 2010 0.0 0.4 2.1

International relationsExports of merchandise(% of GDP), 2010 Imports of merchandise(% of GDP), 2010 Exports of services(% of GDP), 1989 Imports of services(% of GDP), 1989 FDI inflows(% of GDP), 2010 FDI outflows(% of GDP), ODA received(% of GDP), 2010 Workers remittances received(% of GDP), Net external debt (% of GDP), 2010 2.5 32.9 0.0 2.9 1.3 40.7 14.7

Inbound tourism expenditure (% of GDP), Outbound tourism expenditure (% of GDP),

The present country profile for Afghanistan is part of a series of country profiles for each of the 58 ESCAP regional members and published as part of the Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012. Further information regarding data series used in this country profile, including indicator definitions and data sources, are available from the Statistical Yearbook website at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012. For most indicators, times series data from 1990 to the latest year with data available can also be accessed and downloaded from the online database available from the website. ESCAP Statistics Division October 2012

Forest area, 1990201135 30 % of land area 25 20 15 10 5 0 1990 2000 2010

120 100 Percentage 80 60 40 20

Intraregional imports and exports shares, 19902011Exports Imports

Natural disastersDeaths(number per annum), 2011 People affected (1 000 per annum), 2011 Economic damages (% of GDP), 2010Page 2

83 1 753 0.0Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012 ESCAP Statistics Division 0 1990 2000 2010

American SamoaUnless otherwise specified, the charts below use the following color legend: world aggregate; AsiaPacific aggregate; American Samoa

HealthMortality rate (death per 1 000 live births) Infant, Underfive, Children underfive underweight (%), Maternal mortality ratio, (deaths per 100 000 live births) Antenatal care, at least 1 visit, (% of women with live birth) Population living with HIV, Total adults, Female adults, HIV prevalence rate, (% of population aged 1549)

EducationNet enrolment in primary education (*), Net enrolment in secondary education (*), Gross enrolment in tertiary education (*), (*) % of respective school aged population Adult literacy rate (*), Male (*), Female (*), (*) % of population aged 15 yrs and above


Demographics trendsPopulation total (thousands), 2011 Population growth (annual average, %), 200510 Urban population (% of total), 2010 Population density (population per km), 2011 Foreign population (% of total), 2010 Net migration rate, 200510 (migrants per 1 000 pop.) Fertility rate (live births per woman), Adolescent fertility rate, 200510 (live births per 1 000 women aged 1519 yrs) Life expectancy (years), 200510 Male Female 69.5 1.7 93.0 348.0 41.5

Maternal mortality


No data available

No data available

No data availablePrimary Secondary Tertiary

Public expenditure on education as % of GDP, as % of total government expenditure, Gross domestic expenditure on research and development(% of GDP), Years of life lost (YLL), (% of YLL), 2008 Communicable diseases Noncommunicable diseases Injuries Government health expenditure, (% of government expenditure) Number of physicians (*), Number of hospital beds (*), (*) per 10 000 population

Pupils to teacher ratio, 19902010in primary education No data available


3 % per annum

2

Total health expenditure, 199520101

in secondary education No data available1990 2000 2010

0

No data available

Population age structure, 1990 and 2011

Poverty & inequalitiesPopulation living in poverty below $1.25 2005 PPP a day, (% of pop.), below national poverty line (% of pop.), No data available Gini index(income equality coefficient), Population lacking access to improved water sources (% of pop.) , Rural Urban improved sanitation (% of pop.) , Rural Urban

People lacking access to improved water sources and improved sanitation, 19902010

No data available

Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012 ESCAP Statistics Division

Page 2

Air pollution and climate changeCarbon dioxide emissions, 2009 Total (millions tons of CO2 ) Grams per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollars Consumption of ozone depleting substance (grams per capita),

Economic growthGrowth rate (annual average, %), 200510 Per capita (2005 PPP $), Gross domestic investment rate (% of GDP),

ConnectivityFixed telephone mainlines (*), 2010 Mobile cellular subscriptions (*), Internet users (*), Fixed broadband internet subscribers (*), (*) per 100 population 15.2

Value added by sector CO2 emissions per capita, 19902011


No data available No data available

No data available

WaterRenewable water available (m per capita per annum), Domestic water withdrawal (m per capita per annum),

Fiscal balanceGovernment revenue (% of GDP), Government expenditure (% of GDP),


Monetary measuresInflation rate(% per annum), Exchange rateagainst US dollar, (% change per annum)

No data available

Water withdrawal by sector

No data available

LabourEmploymenttopopulation ratio, 2011 Population aged 15 and above Females aged 15 and above Males aged 15 and above Unemployment rate (% of labour force), 2000 Females Males Youth unemployment rate % of labour force aged 1524, 1990 5.1 6.0 4.9 11.9 Railway density (*), Road density (*), (*) Km of railway/road per 1 000 km land area Paved roads(% of roads), Passenger cars(per 1 000 population), Road traffic deaths (per 100 000 population),

EnergyTotal primary energy supply (kg of oil equivalent) Per capita, Per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollar,


Employment by sector, 19902010

Transport sector CO2 emissions per capita, 19902009

No data available

No data available

1990 2009 Industry

1990 2009 Transport



International relationsExports of merchandise(% of GDP), Imports of merchandise(% of GDP), Exports of services(% of GDP), Imports of services(% of GDP), FDI inflows(% of GDP), FDI outflows(% of GDP), ODA received(% of GDP), Workers remittances received(% of GDP), Net external debt (% of GDP),

Inbound tourism expenditure (% of GDP), Outbound tourism expenditure (% of GDP),

The present country profile for American Samoa is part of a series of country profiles for each of the 58 ESCAP regional members and published as part of the Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012. Further information regarding data series used in this country profile, including indicator definitions and data sources, are available from the Statistical Yearbook website at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012. For most indicators, times series data from 1990 to the latest year with data available can also be accessed and downloaded

Forest area, 19902011100 90 % of land area 80 70 60 50 40 30 1990 2000 2010

Intraregional imports and exports shares, 19902011

from the online database available from the website.

No data available

Natural disastersDeaths(number per annum), 2011 People affected (1 000 per annum), 2011 Economic damages (% of GDP),Page 3

ESCAP Statistics Division October 2012

0 0 Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012 ESCAP Statistics Division

ArmeniaUnless otherwise specified, the charts below use the following color legend: world aggregate; AsiaPacific aggregate; Armenia

HealthMortality rate (death per 1 000 live births) Infant, 2011 Underfive, 2011 Children underfive underweight (%), 2005 Maternal mortality ratio, 2010 (deaths per 100 000 live births) Antenatal care, at least 1 visit, 2010 (% of women with live birth) Population living with HIV, Total adults, 2009 Female adults, 2009 HIV prevalence rate, 2009 (% of population aged 1549) Maternal mortality 19902010 3.1 0.2 64.3 104.2 10.5 4.9 1.7 35.7 73.7 70.8 77.2deaths per 100 000 live births 50 150 250 350 100

Education15.6 17.5 4.2 30.0 99.1 1 900 1 000 0.11.2

Net enrolment in primary education (*), 2007 Net enrolment in secondary education (*), 2010 Gross enrolment in tertiary education (*), 2010 (*) % of respective school aged population Adult literacy rate (*), 2010 Male (*), 2010 Female (*), 2010 (*) % of population aged 15 yrs and above

87.1 86.3 51.5

99.6 99.7 99.4


Demographics trendsPopulation total (millions), 2011 Population growth (annual average, %), 200510 Urban population (% of total), 2011 Population density (population per km), 2011 Foreign population (% of total), 2010 Net migration rate, 200510 (migrants per 1 000 pop.) Fertility rate (live births per woman), 2011 Adolescent fertility rate, 200510 (live births per 1 000 women aged 1519 yrs) Life expectancy (years), 200510 Male Female

Births attended by skilled health personnel, 2005

Ratio

0.6

% of live births 40 60 80


Public expenditure on education as % of GDP, 2010 as % of total government expenditure, 2009Urban Rural

20

0

0

3.2 13.0 0.27

1990

2010

Richest Poorest

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development(% of GDP), 2009

Pupils per teacher


Years of life lost (YLL), (% of YLL), 2008 Communicable diseases Noncommunicable diseases Injuries Government health expenditure, 2010 (% of government expenditure) Number of physicians (*), 2009 Number of hospital beds (*), 2009 (*) per 10 000 population

77.0 14.0 9.0 6.4 37.6 37.0

35 30 25 20 15

Pupils to teacher ratio, 19902010in primary education

1 % per annum

0

1 15 2 Pupils per teacher


1990 30

1995

2000

2005

2010

in secondary education25 20 15 10 5 2000 2005 2010 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 % of GDP 10

3 1990 2000 2010

5

0

Population age structure, 1990 and 2011Female80+ yrs 7579 7074 6569 6064 5559 5054 4549 4044 3539 3034 2529 2024 1519 1014 59 04

1995

Male


Population living in poverty below $1.25 2005 PPP a day, (% of pop.), 2008 below national poverty line (% of pop.), 2010 Gini index(income equality coefficient), 2008 Population lacking access to improved water sources (% of pop.) , 2010 Rural Urban improved sanitation (% of pop.) , 2010 Rural 2.0 3.0 1.0 10.0 20.0 5.00

People lacking access to improved water sources and improved sanitation, 199020101.3 35.8Thousand people 400 Water 300 Sanitation

30.9

200

100

14 12 10

8

6

4

2

0

0

2

4

6

8

10 12 14

Urban


1995

2000

2005

2010

Page 3

Air pollution and climate changeCarbon dioxide emissions, 2009 Total (millions tons of CO2 ) Grams per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollars Consumption of ozone depleting substance (grams per capita), 2009 4 287.0 8.1



33.4

8 Tons per capita 6 4 2 0


6800 6120 5440 4760 4080 3400 2720 2040 1360 680 0 1990



1990

2000

2010

2005

2010



10 8 6 4 2 0 2000


24.5

Monetary measuresInflation rate(% per annum), 2011 Exchange rateagainst US dollar, 2011 (% change per annum) 7.7 0.3

Water withdrawal by sector, 2006Agriculture 65.8 %

Industry 4.4 %

LabourEmploymenttopopulation ratio, 2011 Population aged 15 and above Females aged 15 and above Males aged 15 and above Unemployment rate (% of labour force), 2008 Females Males Youth unemployment rate % of labour force aged 1524, 2008800

2005

2010

Domestic use 29.8 %

EnergyTotal primary energy supply (kg of oil equivalent) Per capita, 2009 Per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollar, 2009 843 175

40.9 31.8 52.1 28.6 35.0 21.9 45.5

Railway density (*), 2010 Road density (*), 2010 (*) Km of railway/road per 1 000 km land area Paved roads(% of roads), 2010 Passenger cars(per 1 000 population), 2010 Road traffic deaths (per 100 000 population), 2007

29.0 270.5 90.5 94.0 13.6


Employment by sector, 19902010Agriculture Industry Services

Transport sector CO2 emissions per capita, 199020091.0 0.8 Tons per capita 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0

Thousand people

600

400

200

1990 2009 Industry

1990 2009 Transport


0 1990 2000 2010

1990

2000

2010


International relationsExports of merchandise(% of GDP), 2011 Imports of merchandise(% of GDP), 2011 Exports of services(% of GDP), 2011 Imports of services(% of GDP), 2011 FDI inflows(% of GDP), 2011 FDI outflows(% of GDP), 2011 ODA received(% of GDP), 2010 Workers remittances received(% of GDP), 2010 Net external debt (% of GDP), 2010 13.6 42.4 8.4 11.4 5.4 0.8 3.6 0.8 65.1

Inbound tourism expenditure (% of GDP), 2011 Outbound tourism expenditure (% of GDP), 2011

4.9 5.6

The present country profile for Armenia is part of a series of country profiles for each of the 58 ESCAP regional members and published as part of the Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012. Further information regarding data series used in this country profile, including indicator definitions and data sources, are available from the Statistical Yearbook website at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012. For most indicators, times series data from 1990 to the latest year with data available can also be accessed and downloaded from the online database available from the website. ESCAP Statistics Division October 2012

Forest area, 1990201135 30 % of land area 25 20 15 10 5

80 60 Percentage 40 20


1990

2000

2010


0 0 0.00 1990 2000 2010

Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012 ESCAP Statistics Division

AustraliaUnless otherwise specified, the charts below use the following color legend: world aggregate; AsiaPacific aggregate; Australia

HealthMortality rate (death per 1 000 live births) Infant, 2011 Underfive, 2011 Children underfive underweight (%), Maternal mortality ratio, 2010 (deaths per 100 000 live births) Antenatal care, at least 1 visit, 2008 (% of women with live birth) Population living with HIV, Total adults, 2009 Female adults, 2009 HIV prevalence rate, 2009 (% of population aged 1549) Maternal mortality 19902010 22.6 1.7 89.3 2.9 21.2 10.5 2.0 16.5 81.4 79.7 84.1deaths per 100 000 live births 50 150 250 350

Education4.1 4.5 7.0 98.3 20 000 6 200 0.11.2

Net enrolment in primary education (*), 2010 Net enrolment in secondary education (*), 2010 Gross enrolment in tertiary education (*), 2010 (*) % of respective school aged population Adult literacy rate (*), Male (*), Female (*), (*) % of population aged 15 yrs and above

97.1 85.5 79.9




Ratio 0.6 0.0 1990 2010 Primary 1993 2010 Secondary 1990 2010 Tertiary

No data available

Public expenditure on education as % of GDP, 2009 as % of total government expenditure, 20081990 2010

0

5.1 12.9 2.37

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development(% of GDP), 2008 79.0 6.0 15.0 16.8 29.9 38.0

Pupils per teacher

Annual population growth rate, 199020112.0


35 30 25 20 15


1.5 % per annum

1.0

0.5

15


1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

in secondary education% of GDP 10

0.0 1990 2000 2010

No data available

5

0


1995

2000

2005

2010

Male


Population living in poverty below $1.25 2005 PPP a day, (% of pop.), below national poverty line (% of pop.), Gini index(income equality coefficient), 1994 Population lacking access to improved water sources (% of pop.) , 2010 Rural Urban improved sanitation (% of pop.) , 2010 Rural 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00.0

People lacking access to improved water sources and improved sanitation, 19902010 80.0 Thousand people 100.0 Water Sanitation

35.2

60.0 40.0 20.0

14 12 10

8

6

4

2

0

0

2

4

6

8

10 12 14

Urban


1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

Page 4


Economic growthGDP at current prices (billion US $), 2010 Growth rate (annual average, %), 200510 Per capita (2005 PPP $), 2009 Gross domestic investment rate (% of GDP), 2010 1 271.9 2.7 34 216


27.6

25 Tons per capita 20 15 10 5 0

CO2 emissions per capita, 19902011Billion 2005 US dollars

850 765 595 510 425 340 255 170 85 680

Value added by sectorAgriculture Industry Services 100 Per 100 population 80 60 40 20 0 2000 1995 2000 2005 2010


1990

2000

2010

0 1990

2005

2010



30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2000


26.8



LabourIndustry 10.6 % Domestic use 15.6 %

2005

2010

EnergyTotal primary energy supply (kg of oil equivalent) Per capita, 2010 Per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollar, 2009 5 651 175

Employmenttopopulation ratio, 2011 Population aged 15 and above Females aged 15 and above Males aged 15 and above Unemployment rate (% of labour force), 2011 Females Males Youth unemployment rate % of labour force aged 1524, 201110 8 Million people

62.1 55.7 68.6 5.1 5.3 4.9 11.3


1.1 106.4 38.7 550.0 7.7



Transport sector CO2 emissions per capita, 199020095 4 Tons per capita 3 2 1 0

6 4 2

1990 2009 Industry

1990 2009 Transport


0 1990 2000 2010

1990

2000

2010


International relationsExports of merchandise(% of GDP), 2011 Imports of merchandise(% of GDP), 2011 Exports of services(% of GDP), 2011 Imports of services(% of GDP), 2011 FDI inflows(% of GDP), 2011 FDI outflows(% of GDP), 2011 ODA received(% of GDP), Workers remittances received(% of GDP), Net external debt (% of GDP), 20.9 18.8 3.9 4.6 3.2 1.5


2.6 2.6

The present country profile for Australia is part of a series of country profiles for each of the 58 ESCAP regional members and published as part of the Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012. Further information regarding data series used in this country profile, including indicator definitions and data sources, are available from the Statistical Yearbook website at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012. For most indicators, times series data from 1990 to the latest year with data available can also be accessed and downloaded from the online database available from the website.

Forest area, 1990201135 30 25 20

% of land area

100 15 Percentage 1990 2000 2010 80 60 40 20




1 8 0.2Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012 ESCAP Statistics Division 0 1990 2000 2010

AzerbaijanUnless otherwise specified, the charts below use the following color legend: world aggregate; AsiaPacific aggregate; Azerbaijan

HealthMortality rate (death per 1 000 live births) Infant, 2011 Underfive, 2011 Children underfive underweight (%), 2006 Maternal mortality ratio, 2010 (deaths per 100 000 live births) Antenatal care, at least 1 visit, 2006 (% of women with live birth) Population living with HIV, Total adults, 2009 Female adults, 2009 HIV prevalence rate, 2009 (% of population aged 1549) Maternal mortality 19902010 9.3 1.4 52.1 107.5 2.9 1.2 2.2 33.8 70.1 67.8 73.6deaths per 100 000 live births 50 150 250 350 100

Education38.5 44.7 8.4 43.0 76.6 3 500 2 100 0.1 Net enrolment in primary education (*), 2010 Net enrolment in secondary education (*), 2006 Gross enrolment in tertiary education (*), 2010 (*) % of respective school aged population Adult literacy rate (*), 2009 Male (*), 2009 Female (*), 2009 (*) % of population aged 15 yrs and above 99.8 99.8 99.7 84.4 79.3 19.1

1.2




Ratio

0.6




20

0

0

3.2 10.9 0.25

1990

2010

Richest Poorest

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development(% of GDP), 2009

Pupils per teacher

Annual population growth rate, 199020112.0


66.0 26.0 8.0 4.2 37.8 75.0

35 30 25 20 15 10


1.5 % per annum

1.0

0.5

15


1990 30

1995

2000

2005

2010

in secondary education25 20 15 10 5 2000 2005 2010 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 % of GDP 10

0.0 1990 2000 2010

5

0


1995

Male



People lacking access to improved water sources and improved sanitation, 199020100.4 15.8Thousand people 4 000 Water 3 000 Sanitation

33.7

2 000

1 000

14 12 10

8

6

4

2

0

0

2

4

6

8

10 12 14

Urban


1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

Page 5




17.0

10 Tons per capita 8 6 4 2 0

CO2 emissions per capita, 19902011

27000 24300 Million 2005 US dollars 18900 16200 13500 10800 8100 5400 2700 0 1990 21600

Value added by sectorAgriculture Industry Services Per 100 population 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2000 1995 2000 2005 2010


1990

2000

2010

2005

2010



15


28.2

10



5

LabourIndustry 19.3 % Domestic use 4.3 %

0 2000 2005 2010

EnergyTotal primary energy supply (kg of oil equivalent) Per capita, 2009 Per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollar, 2009 1 320 156

Employmenttopopulation ratio, 2011 Population aged 15 and above Females aged 15 and above Males aged 15 and above Unemployment rate (% of labour force), 2009 Females Males Youth unemployment rate % of labour force aged 1524, 20093

60.6 57.5 63.9 6.0 6.9 5.2 14.5


25.2 640.7 50.6 86.0 12.5

Energy consumption by sector, 19902009% of total final consumption 50 40 Million people 30 20 10 0 2


Transport sector CO2 emissions per capita, 199020091.0 0.8 Tons per capita 0.6 0.4 0.2

1

1990 2009 Industry

1990 2009 Transport


0 1990 2000 2010

0.0 1990 2000 2010




2.9 3.4

The present country profile for Azerbaijan is part of a series of country profiles for each of the 58 ESCAP regional members and published as part of the Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012. Further information regarding data series used in this country profile, including indicator definitions and data sources, are available from the Statistical Yearbook website at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012. For most indicators, times series data from 1990 to the latest year with data available can also be accessed and downloaded from the online database available from the website. ESCAP Statistics Division October 2012

Forest area, 1990201135 30 % of land area 25 20 15 10 1990 2000 2010

120 100 Percentage 80 60 40 20



0 0 0.0Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012 ESCAP Statistics Division 0 1990 2000 2010

BangladeshUnless otherwise specified, the charts below use the following color legend: world aggregate; AsiaPacific aggregate; Bangladesh

HealthMortality rate (death per 1 000 live births) Infant, 2011 Underfive, 2011 Children underfive underweight (%), 2007 Maternal mortality ratio, 2010 (deaths per 100 000 live births) Antenatal care, at least 1 visit, 2010 (% of women with live birth) Population living with HIV, Total adults, 2009 Female adults, 2009 HIV prevalence rate, 2009 (% of population aged 1549) Maternal mortality 19902010 150.5 1.1 28.6 1 046.2 0.7 4.0 2.2 78.9 67.8 68.2 69.7deaths per 100 000 live births 200 400 600 800 100

Education36.7 46.0 41.3 240.0 52.8 6 200 1 900 0.11.2

Net enrolment in primary education (*), 1990 Net enrolment in secondary education (*), 2010 Gross enrolment in tertiary education (*), 2009 (*) % of respective school aged population Adult literacy rate (*), 2010 Male (*), 2010 Female (*), 2010 (*) % of population aged 15 yrs and above

72.7 47.4 10.6

56.8 61.3 52.2




Ratio

0.6




20

0

0

2.2 14.1

1990

2010

Richest Poorest

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development(% of GDP),

Pupils per teacher

Annual population growth rate, 199020113.0 2.5 % per annum 2.0 1.5 1.0


34.0 52.0 14.0 7.4 3.0 3.0

70 60 50 40 30 20


15 0.5 0.0 1990 2000 2010 % of GDP 10


1990 45 40 35 30 25 20 15

1995

2000

2005

2010

in secondary education

5

0


1995

2000

2005

2010

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010


Population living in poverty below $1.25 2005 PPP a day, (% of pop.), 2010 below national poverty line (% of pop.), 2010 Gini index(income equality coefficient), 2010 Population lacking access to improved water sources (% of pop.) , 2010 Rural Urban improved sanitation (% of pop.) , 2010 Rural 19.0 20.0 15.0 44.0 45.0 43.00.0

People lacking access to improved water sources and improved sanitation, 1990201043.3 31.5 32.1Million people 67.5 90.0 Water Sanitation

45.0

22.5

15

20

Urban


1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

Page 6




24.9

6 5 Tons per capita 4 3 2 1 0

CO2 emissions per capita, 19902011

76000 68400 Million 2005 US dollars 60800 53200 45600 38000 30400 22800 15200 7600 0 1990



1990

2000

2010

2005

2010



10 8 6 4 2 0 2000


15.9



Agriculture 87.8 % Industry 2.1 % Domestic use 10 %

LabourEmploymenttopopulation ratio, 2011 Population aged 15 and above Females aged 15 and above Males aged 15 and above Unemployment rate (% of labour force), 2009 Females Males Youth unemployment rate % of labour force aged 1524, 200550 40 Million people Tons per capita 30 20 10

2005

2010

EnergyTotal primary energy supply (kg of oil equivalent) Per capita, 2009 Per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollar, 2009 201 142

67.6 54.2 80.8 5.0 7.4 4.2 9.3


21.8 1 837.8 9.5 2.0 13.9

Energy consumption by sector, 19902009% of total final consumption 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0


Transport sector CO2 emissions per capita, 199020091.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0

1990 2009 Industry

1990 2009 Transport


0 1990 2000 2010

1990

2000

2010




0.1 0.7

The present country profile for Bangladesh is part of a series of country profiles for each of the 58 ESCAP regional members and published as part of the Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012. Further information regarding data series used in this country profile, including indicator definitions and data sources, are available from the Statistical Yearbook website at http://www.unescap.org/stat/data/syb2012. For most indicators, times series data from 1990 to the latest year with data available can also be accessed and downloaded from the online database available from the website.

Forest area, 1990201135 30 % of land area 25 20 15 10

100 80 Percentage 2000 2010 60 40 20


1990



102 1 673 0.0Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012 ESCAP Statistics Division 0 1990 2000 2010

BhutanUnless otherwise specified, the charts below use the following color legend: world aggregate; AsiaPacific aggregate; Bhutan

HealthMortality rate (death per 1 000 live births) Infant, 2011 Underfive, 2011 Children underfive underweight (%), 2010 Maternal mortality ratio, 2010 (deaths per 100 000 live births) Antenatal care, at least 1 visit, 2010 (% of women with live birth) Population living with HIV, Total adults, 2009 Female adults, 2009 HIV prevalence rate, 2009 (% of population aged 1549) Maternal mortality 19902010 42.0 53.7 12.7 180.0 97.3 1 000 500 0.2

EducationNet enrolment in primary education (*), 2011 Net enrolment in secondary education (*), 2011 Gross enrolment in tertiary education (*), 2011 (*) % of respective school aged population Adult literacy rate (*), 2005 Male (*), 2005 Female (*), 2005 (*) % of population aged 15 yrs and above 52.8 65.0 38.7 88.3 53.8 8.8

Gender disparity in education Ratio of female to male enrolment rates1.2

deaths per 100 000 live births 200 400 600 800 1000

Demographics trendsPopulation total (thousands), 2011 Population growth (annual average, %), 200510 Urban population (% of total), 2011 Population density (population per km), 2011 Foreign population (% of total), 2010 Net migration rate, 200510 (migrants per 1 000 pop.) Fertility rate (live births per woman), 2011 Adolescent fertility rate, 200510 (live births per 1 000 women aged 1519 yrs) Life expectancy (years), 200510 Male Female 738.3 1.9 35.4 19.3 5.5 4.9 2.3 50.2 65.8 65.4 69.3


Ratio

0.6

No data available


Public expenditure on education as % of GDP, 2010 as % of total government expenditure, 20101990 2010

0

4.0 9.4

Gross domestic expenditure on research and development(% of GDP), 33.0 53.0 14.0 10.5 0.2 18.0

4 3 2 % per annum 1 0 1 2 3 1990 2000 2010

Government health expenditure, 2010 (% of government expenditure) Number of physicians (*), 2007 Number of hospital beds (*), 2011 (*) per 10 000 population

Pupils per teacher


Years of life lost (YLL), (% of YLL), 2008 Communicable diseases Noncommunicable diseases Injuries

50 45 40 35 30 25 20


15


1990 45 40 35 30 25 20 15

1995

2000

2005

2010

in secondary education

% of GDP

10

5

0


1995

2000

2005

2010

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010



People lacking access to improved water sources and improved sanitation, 1990201010.2 23.2400 Thousand people 500 Water Sanitation

38.1

300 200 100

15

20

Urban


2000

2005

2010

Page 7

Air pollution and climate changeCarbon dioxide emissions, 2009 Total (millions tons of CO2 ) Grams per 1 000 GDP 2005 PPP dollars Consumption of ozone depleting substance (grams per capita), 2009 0.4



47.9


1300 1170 1040 910 780 650 520 390 260 130 0 1990



No data available

2005

2010



10 8 6 4 2 0 2000


39.0



Agriculture 94.1 % Industry 0.9 % Domestic use 5 %

LabourEmploymenttopopulation ratio, 2011 Population aged 15 and above Females aged 15 and above Males aged 15 and above

Documents

UN Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 2012