UMUVUNYI - OMBUDSMAN Mag 20.pdf · 8 Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011 Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011 9 Ubufatanye bw’Urwego rw’Umuhuza w’Abarundi

1Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011

IKINYAMAKURU GISHISHIKARIZA ABATURARWANDA GUKUMIRA NO KURWANYA AKARENGANE NA RUSWA

UMUVUNYINo 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011

MAGAZINE

Urup. 8 Urup. 16

Ubufatanye bw'Urwego rw'Umuhuza w'Abarundi n'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi mu Rwanda mu kurwanya akarengane na ruswa

URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYIB.P.: 6269 KIGALI TEL: 252 587309 Fax: 252 587182

Website: www.ombudsman.gov.rw E-mail: ombudsinfo@ ombudsman.gov.rwTelefoni itishyuzwa: 199

U Rwanda rwarasuzumwe ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'amasezerano mpuzamahanga yo kurwanya ruswa

Kurwanya akarengane

ni inshingano ya buri wese

Umuvunyi Mukuru Tito Rutaremara atangiza icyumweru cyo kurwanya akarengane mu Karere ka Rubavu. (Urup. 10)

2 3Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011 Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011

URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYIOFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN

Nomero ya telefoni itishyuzwa : 199B.P.: 6269 KIGALI

TEL.: 252 587309

FAX.: 252 587182

Website: www.ombudsman.gov.rw

E-mail: [email protected]

OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN

RESIST, REJECT AND REPORT CORRUPTION

IBIRIMO

6 1610

2218 20

Gufatanya n’izindi nzeGo mu kurwanya ruswa ni bumwe mu buryo bwo Guhashya ruswa n’akarenGane

u rwanda rwasuzumwe ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano mPuzamahanGa

iCyumweru Cyo kurwanya akarenGane Cyakemuye ibibazo byinshi

ProteCtinG Private ProPerty riGhts: a leadinG role of the offiCe of the ombudsman

urweGo rw’umuvunyi rwaGenzuye Gahunda y’iCyerekezo 2020 umurenge (vup)

imihiGo: inkinGi ishyiGikira imiyoborere myiza

Gufatanya n’izindi nzego mu rugamba rwo kurwanya ruswa n’akarengane bituma urwego rw’umuvunyi rushyira mu bikorwa inshingano zarwo mu buryo bwihuse

ayo masezerano mpuzamahanga yat-eganyije inzego zishinzwe gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ayo masezera-no harimo inama rusange

iki cyumweru kikaba cyaratangiriye mu karere ka rubavu ku rwego rw’igihugu ku itariki 16 kanama 2011.

for various reasons, a person can be unjustly deprived of his or her right to property.

urwego rw’umuvunyi rwakoze igenzura kuri gahunda y’icyerekezo 2020 umurenge (vision 2020 umurenge Program ) mu mirenge 30, ni ukuvuga umurenge umwe muri buri karere .

nk’uko kera abanyarwanda bahigiraga gutsinda abanzi

ngo batigarurira igice cy’Igihugu, bagahi-gira kurushanwa ubutwari, ni nako n’ubu abanyarwanda bahigira kugera ku bikorwa by’indashyikirwa, mu iterambere, ubukungu n'imibereho yabo muri rusange.

ubwanditsiNyir'ikinyamakuru Urwego rw’UmuvunyiUmuyobozi Mukuru Mbarubukeye Xavier, Umunyamabanga UhorahoUmwanditsi Mukuru Nzeyimana Nadège Umwanditsi Mukuru Wungirije Ngirinshuti Védaste

Umunyamabanga w’ubwanditsi Gatera AthanaseInteko y’ubwanditsi Mugisha Jules Déo Birasa Fiscal Jacques Kanyengabo Athanase Mwiseneza Jeanne D’arc Ndizihiwe Léon Fidèle Nsengiyunva Yussuf

Rumaziminsi N. Séraphin Rwihimba Uwase Hélène Tuyizere Gédeon Ahatunganyirijwe ikinyamakuru Az media plus

8 ubufatanye bw’urweGo rw’umuhuza w’abarundi n’urweGo rw’umuvunyi mu rwanda mu kurwanya akarenGane na ruswa

IKINYAMAKURU CY’URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYI GISHISHIKARIZA ABATURARWANDA GUKUMIRA NO KURWANYA AKARENGANE

NA RUSWA CYANDIKIWE MU ICAPIRO AZ MEDIA PLUS, GISOHOKAMO IBINYAMAKURU IBIHUMBI BITATU(3000)

4 Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011

Mushobora gukurikirana ibikorwa by'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi kuri:

www.ombudsman.gov.rw

Aderesi Nomero ya telefoni itishyuzwa : 199

B.P.: 6269 KIGALITEL.: 252 587309FAX.: 252 587182

Website: www.ombudsman.gov.rwE-mail: [email protected]

IJAMBO RY’IBANZE

Imihigo: imwe mu nzira zo kwimakaza imiyoborere myiza

Guhiga ni umuco w’Abanyarwanda, ugaragaza ko Umunyar-wanda nyawe agomba kugira intego. Utagira intego ntamenya aho ava n’aho ajya, aba ameze nka mbonabihita. Imihigo imaze gushinga imizi mu mikorere y’inzego zinyuranye kandi irarush-aho kugenda ishimangira imiyoborere myiza mu Banyarwanda.

ization) no guha abaturage uru-hare mu bikorwa bibakorerwa (participation). Muri izi nkingi ntaho tubonamo imihigo ariko nyamara imihigo ikora kuri izo nkingi zose. Umuntu ahigira gu-kora icyiza, ahigira gukora icy-ateza igihugu n’abaturage bacyo imbere. Imihigo ishingira kuri gahunda za Leta kandi izo ga-hunda zigamije kubaka igihugu gifite imiyoborere myiza. Ni yo mpamvu imihigo ari uburyo bwiza bwo kwimakaza imiyo-borere myiza.

Imihigo ifitiye Abanyarwanda akamaro kanini. Ibikubiye mu mihigo ni ibiba byaturutse mu byifuzo by’abaturage bashingiye ku bibazo by’ingutu bafite. Ni yo mpamvu Akarere kadafite imihanda itunganye gahigira kuyitunganya, akadafite isoko kagahigira kuryubaka, akadafite amazi bityo. Iyo Akarere kadafite ubushobozi bwo kwesa umuhigo runaka nko gukora umuhanda, kiyemeza gushaka abaterankunga, kikaba na cyo ari igikorwa cyiza. Umuntu nta-higira gusa ibyo yakwikorera mu bushobozi bwe, ni nacyo gituma

imihigo tuvuga ko ari intego. Iyo umuntu adafite intego nta cyerekezo aba afite.

Imihigo ni urugendo shuri. Ibyo umuntu ahigiye byose ntahita abigeraho ariko bimufasha gu-suzuma aho yagize intege nke; bityo akamenya aho azashyira imbaraga. Iyo udafite intego ntumenya ibipfa n’ibikira. Nta byera ngo de! Hari abahiga ariko ugasanga nta ngufu bashyira mu guhigura ibyo bahize, ari na yo mpamvu usanga hamwe na hamwe ibibazo bikiri in-sobe, abaturage ntibakirwa ngo bahabwe serivisi uko bikwiye, ibikorwa by’iterambere ntibishy-irwamo ingufu uko bikwiye, abaturage ntibagire uruhare mu mihigo; no mu bakozi na ho us-anga hari abatita ku nshingano zabo kandi barabihigiye. Birak-wiye ko buri Munyarwanda mu rwego arimo agaragaza intego ze binyuze mu mihigo kandi aga-kora uko ashoboye ngo aziger-eho kuko ari bumwe mu buryo bwo kwimakaza imiyoborere myiza.

Tubifurije amahoro

Basomyi ba << Umuvunyi Magazine>>

Twishimiye kubagezaho nimero ya 20 y'ikinyamakuru cyanyu.

Ngirinshuti Vedaste

Gahunda y’imihigo imaze imya-ka itandatu itangiye mu gihugu cyacu. Yatangiye mu mwaka wa 2006 , Uturere duhigira ibikor-wa byiza bigomba kugezwa ku baturage. Ubu imihigo yageze kuri buri Munyarwanda, yaba uri mu kazi cyangwa umuturage mu rugo rwe kuko na we ahigira icyo azageza ku muryango we.

Imiyoborere myiza igira inkingi z’ingenzi ziyishyigikira, ari zo kugendera ku mategeko (rule of law), gukorera mu mucyo (trans-parency), kugaragaza ibyo ukora (accountability), kwegereza abaturage ubuyobozi (decentral-


Nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko nº25/2003 ryo ku wa15/08/ 2003 rigena im-iterere n’imikorere y’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi nk’uko ryahi-nduwe kandi ryujujwe kugeza ubu,“ Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rurigenga ; mu irangiza ry’inshingano zarwo za buri munsi, ntiruhabwa amabwi-riza n’urundi rwego urwo ari rwo rwose. By’umwihariko rukorana na Minisiteri muri Perezidansi ya Repubulika.”Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ru-kaba rukorana na Perezidansi ya Repubulika mu gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano rwa-hawe; akaba ari muri urwo rwego rukorana na Minisitiri muri Perezidansi ya Repubu-lika.Ku itariki ya 26 Nyakanga 2011, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwakiriye Minisitiri mushya muri Perezidansi ya Repubu-

Minisitiri muri Perezidansi ya Repubulika ushinzwe Ikoranabuhanga yasuye Urwego rw’Umuvunyi

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwakiriye Minisitiri mushya muri Perezidansi ya Repubilika

Mugisha Jules Déo

Muri gahunda ya Minisiteri muri Perezidansi ya Repubu-lika ishinzwe Ikoranabu-hanga gushishikariza inzego z’imirimo za Leta kurushaho gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, ku itariki ya 07/07/2011, Minisitiri GATARE Francis ushinzwe iyo Minisiteri yasuye Urwego rw’Umuvunyi.Uru ruzinduko rwari rugam-ije kureba aho Urwego rw’Umuvunyi nk’urwego ru-korana cyane n’abaturage, ru-geze mu kwimakaza imikorere ishingiye ku ikoranabahunga (ICT) , gusuzuma uburyo im-enyekanishamutungo rikore-shejwe ikoranabuhanga ryarushaho kunogera abareb-wa n’iki gikorwa. Mu ijambo ry’ikaze, Umu-vunyi Mukuru Bwana Tito RUTAREMARA , yavuze ko Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwa-

tangiye gukoresha ikoranabu-hanga mu kwakira no gusub-iza ibibazo by’akarengane na ruswa no kwakira imenyekan-ishamutungo hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ryihuse rya interineti « online declaration of assets » ndetse avuga ko Ur-

avuga ko hatangijwe gahunda yo gufasha abaturage kubona « email adress » bajya basha-kiraho ibisubizo by’ibibazo ba-rugezaho.

Minisitiri ushinzwe Ikorabu-hanga muri Perezidansi ya

wanda gukoresha ikoranabu-hanga kubera ko rifasha kugera ku iterambere ryihuse.Minisitiri GATARE akaba yaremeye kandi ko abatur-age bajya bagana inzu z’ikoranabuhanga ziri mu Turere twose « tele center » ba-

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYIUrwego rw’UmuvunyiIBIKORWA BY’URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYI

lika Madamu TUGIREYE-ZU Venantie runasezera kuri Madamu NYIRAHABI-MANA Solina wayoboraga iyo Minisiteri akaba yaragiye guhagararira u Rwanda mu gihugu cy’Ubusuwisi.Mu ijambo rye , Umuvu-

Intumwa z’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi zaturutse mu Gihugu cy’Ubuholandi Mad-amu Marjo Hess na Madamu Mrs. Willemijn Van Helden zagize uruzinduko rw’akazi mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa ibiri mu masezerano y’ubufatanye yasinywe ha-gati y’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwo mu Rwanda n’Urwego

Ubuholandi n’u Rwanda mu rugamba rwo kurwanya akarengane rw’Umuvunyi rwo mu Buho-landi mu kwezi kwa gatatu uyu mwaka.

Ubu bufatanye bukaba bush-ingiye mu guhanahana ubu-nararibonye bushingiye mu buryo bwo gukemura ibibazo. Mu gihe zari mu Rwan-da , intumwa z’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwo mu

Gufatanya n’izindi nzego mu kurwanya ruswa ni bumwe mu buryo bwo guhashya

ruswa n’akarengane

Ku itariki ya 31 Kanama 2011, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwasinye amasezerano y’ubufatanye na Diyosezi ya Gahini mu Itorero rya An-glikani mu Rwanda ndetse n’ishuri rikuru rya tekiniki rya Byumba (IPB). Aya masezerano akaba ag-

amije gufasha Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu guku-rikirana za “Cyber Café” zizashyirwa I Byumba ndetse n’I Gahini . “Cyber Café” ikaba igamije kwakira ibibazo by’abaturage bire-bana n’akarengane na ruswa bikohererezwa Urwego

Buholandi zagiranye ibigan-iro n’abakozi b’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ku mikorere y’inzego zombi ndetse Izo nzego zikaba zarasanze hari ibyo zigomba kwiganaho.

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rw’ Ubuholandi rwatangiye mu mwaka wa 1982 rukaba ruyoborwa n’ Umuvunyi

Mukuru n’abamwungirije babiri. Umuvunyi Mukuru w’Ubuholandi akaba yitwa Alex Brenninkmeijer. Uru rwego rukaba rufasha abatur-age b’abaholandi ibibazo bafitanye ibibazo na Leta ndetse rukanagira inama n’inzego za Leta ku buryo bwo gukora neza imirimo zishinzwe.

nyi Mukuru Tito Rutar-emara yashimiye Amba-saderi NYIRAHABIMANA uburyo yafashije Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu kuzuza inshingano rwahawe yagize ati “Twizeye ko uzakomeza kurubera umuvugizi aho

ugiye guhagararira u Rwan-da . Umuvunyi Mukuru yakiriye na Minisitiri TU-GIREYEZU Venantie am-wizeza imikoranire myiza. Mu ijambo rye, Minisitiri TUGIREYEZU yagize ati: “Nishimiye ko ngiye gukora-na n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi kuko kurwanya ruswa n’akarengane ni ibintu nem-era atari uko mbihamaga-riwe nk’inshingano.”

Ku ruhande rwe Ambasaderi NYIRAHABIMANA yaga-ragaje ko imirimo yakoranye n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ari myinshi kandi ifite agaciro. Yaboneyeho kwizeza urwego rw’Umuvunyi ubufatanye aho agiye guhagararira u Rwanda.

Byanditswe na Nzeyimana Nadège

rw’Umuvunyi hakoreshejwe interineti ndetse no gufasha abaturage baturiye Kaminu-za kumenya uburenganzira bwabo. Umuvunyi Mukuru, Bwa-na Tito Rutaremara akaba yaratangiye ashimira izo nzego avuga ko Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rukeneye abarufasha mu rugam-ba rwo kurwanya ruswa n’akarengane .Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ru-kaba rumaze gufungura “

cyber café ” 4 zifasha mu kwakira ibibazo by’abaturage bigahita byoherezwa Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu Turere dutandukanye, mu Karere ka Ngoma, Rusizi na Rubavu .

Gufatanya n’izindi nzego mu rugamba rwo kurwanya ruswa n’akarengane bituma Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rush-yira mu bikorwa inshingano zarwo mu buryo bwihuse ndetse bigatuma buri wese yumva ko ari iinshingano ze.

Umuvunyi Mukuru na Minisiteri muri Perezidansi ya Repubu-lika Madamu Tugireyezu Venantie (ibumoso) na Amb. Nyira-habimana Solina (iburyo)

Umuvunyi mukuru asinya amasezerano y'ubufatanye na Diyosezi ya Gahini mu Itorero rya Anglikani mu Rwanda ndetse n’Ishuri Rikuru rya Tekiniki rya Byumba (IPB)

Umuvunyi Mukuru na Minisitiri muri Perezidansi ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga

wego rw’Umuvunyi rwafun-guye za « cyber café » mu bice bitandukanye by’Igihugu ru-saba abaturage kujya bazigana kugira ngo babashe kohereza ibibazo byabo badakoze in-gendo ndende.

Umuvunyi Mukuru yakomeje

Repubulika, Bwana GA-TARE Francis, yashimiye Ur-wego rw’Umuvunyi intambwe rumaze gutera mu ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga, asaba ko rwakomeza kubisakaza kuko bijyanye na gahunda ya Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Re-pubulika yo gutoza Abanyar-

koroherezwa kohereza ibibazo byabo no kureba ibisubizo byabo. Yanasabye Urwego rw’Umuvunyi kuzagira uru-hare mu gikorwa cyateguwe na Minisiteri ayobora cyo gu-kangurira Abanyarwanda muri rusange gukoresha ikoranabu-hanga.


Ubufatanye bw’Urwego rw’Umuhuza w’Abarundi n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu Rwanda mu kurwanya akarengane na ruswa

1. Umuhuza w'Abarundi n'Umuvunyi Mukuru w'u Rwanda ku rwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ruri ku Gisozi2. Intumwa z'Umuhuza w'Abarundi zigirana ibiganiro n'abahagarariye Sena3. Intumwa z'Umuhuza w'Abarundi zigirana ibiganiro na Visi Perezida w'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko Umutwe w'Abadepite Amb. Polisi denis 4.Umuhuza w'Abarundi agirana ikiganiro n'abayobozi b'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi5. Intumwa z'Umuhuza w'Abarundi zigirana ibiganiro n'abahagarariye Umuryango utari uwa Leta ushinzwe gukemura amakimbirane ashingiye ku butaka RISD.6. Ifoto y'urwibutso y'intumwa z'Umuhuza w'Abarundi n'abayobozi b'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi , uwa kabiri iburyo ni Ambasaderi w'U Burundi mu Rwanda 7. Ifoto y'urwibutso y'intumwa z'Umuhuza w'Abarundi n'abakozi b'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi

Mu rwego rwo kunoza imikoranire hagati y’Urwego rw’Umuhuza w’Abarundi n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu Rwanda ndetse no kwi-gira ku Rwanda ku ntera rumaze kugeraho mu kur-wanya akarengane na ruswa , Umuhuza w’Abarundi w’u Burundi, Hon. RUKARA Mohamed yasuye Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rw’u Rwan-da guhera ku tariki ya 10 kugeza ku ya 13 Kamena 2011 .

Umuhuza w’Abarundi aka-ba yari aherekejwe n’itsinda ry’abantu batandatu ba-rimo Umuyobozi Mukuru w’ibiro bye, Madamu NI-YONGABIRE Donavine.Mu ruzinduko rwabo mu gihe bari mu Rwanda basuye inzego zitandukanye hari-mo Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu (Minaloc), Inte-ko Ishinga amategeko, imit-we yombi, Umuryango utari uwa Leta ushinzwe gukemu-ra amakimbirane ashingiye ku butaka RISD (Rwanda Initiative for Sustain-able Development). Muri izo nzego bagiye basoba-nurirwa uburyo zikorana n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ndetse bagirana ikiganiro n’abakozi bose b’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ku miterere , imikorere n’ubufatanye bw’inzego mu kuzuza insh-ingano zazo.

Mu gusura Inteko ishinga Amategeko, Umutwe wa Sena, abo bashyitsi ba-kiriwe na Nyakubahwa Visi Perezida wa Sena, Hi-giro Prosper, wagize ati “Ni ikintu cyiza kuba Urwego

rw’Umuvunyi mu Rwanda n’urw’Umuhuza mu Bu-rundi zihura, zikungurana ibitekerezo ndetse zikagani-ra ku bibazo zigenda zihura nazo.”

Ku itariki ya 12 Ugushy-ingo 2010, nibwo Hon. Mohamed RUKARA ya-towe n’Inama Nshinga-mateka na Nkenguzamate-ka z’u Burundi (Abadepite n’Abasenateri) kugira ngo abe Umuhuza wa Repubu-lika y’u Burundi.

nukirwa uburyo Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwagiye rukemura ibibazo ndetse n’uburyo rufatanya n’izindi nzego.”

Yakomeje agira ati “Kuva Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwo mu Rwanda rumaze igihe kurusha urwacu kandi bafite ubunana-ribonye mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iyubahirizwa ry’ubutabera mu gihugu, turifuza kubigiraho bityo tukazajyana ubu bumenyi

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rw’u Rwanda n’urw’Umuhuza w’Abarundi ziri mu ihuri-ro ry’inzego zifite inshin-gano yo kurwanya ruswa mu bihugu by’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba ( East Af-rican Association of Anti Corruption Authorities) rikaba rigizwe n’u Rwan-da, Burundi, Kenya, Tan-zaniya na Uganda. Muri iki gihe, rikaba riyoborwa n’Umuvunyi Mukuru w’u Rwanda Tito Rutaremara.

Urwego rw’UmuvunyiIBIKORWA BY’URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYI

Basoza uruzinduko rwa-bo, Umuyobozi Muku-ru w’ibiro by’Umuhuza, Madamu NIYONGA-BIRE Donavine yagize ati: “Urwego rw’Umuhuza w’Aburundi ni rushyashya rwatangiye gukora mu kwe-zi kwa Gashyantare 2011 , uru rugendo tugiriye mu Rwanda turukuyemo by-inshi kuko tugiye twasoba-

iwacu mu Burundi ndetse tukaba twagirana ubufa-tanye buhoraho”

Intumwa zihagarariye Urwego rw’Umuhuza w’Abarundi zunamiye kan-di inzirakarengane zazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi zishyinguye mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Gisozi mu Mujyi wa Kigali,

Imikoranire myiza hagati y’Urwego rw’Umuhuza w’Abarundi n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu Rwanda ni intambwe nziza kuko iza-tuma ibihugu byombi bifa-tanya mu kurwanya akaren-gane na ruswa mu Karere.

Byanditswe naNzeyimana Nadège

Umuhuza w'Abarundi Hon. Rukara Mohamed asobanurirwa uko Urwego rw'Umuvunyi rwakira abarugana

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URUZINDUKO RW'UMUHUZA W'ABARUNDI MU RWANDA (MU MASHUSHO)


Nzeyimana Nadège

Ku nshuro ya mbere Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwatangije icyumweru cyo kurwanya aka-rengane. Iki cyumweru kikaba cyaratangiriye mu Karere ka Rubavu ku rwego rw’Igihugu ku itariki 16 Kanama 2011. Minisitiri muri Perezidansi ya Repubulika, Madamu TUGIREYEZU Venantie , wari umushyitsi mukuru muri uwo muhango yagize ati « Ndashimira cyane Ur-wego rw’Umuvunyi kubera igitekerezo cyiza rwagize cyo gutegura icyumweru cyo kur-wanya akarengane ». Minisitiri muri Perezidansi yashimye uruhare Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwagize mu gukumira no kurwanya aka-rengane na ruswa kuva rwashy-irwaho mu mwaka wa 2003. Mu ijambo rye, yaravuze ati « Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ru-kora ibishoboka byose ku-gira ngo Umunyarwanda wese arenganurwe. »Nk’uko byatangajwe n’Umuvunyi Wungirije ush-inzwe gukumira no kurwanya akarengane Hon. KANZAY-IRE Bernadette, mu Turere 30 tugize u Rwanda, buri Karere kazahabwa gahunda yihariye mu gihe kingana n’icyumweru kugira ngo abaturage ba-fashwe gukemurirwa ibibazo by’akarengane, akaba ariyo mpamvu icyo cyumweru kiswe “Icyumweru cyo kur-wanya akarengane.”Umuvunyi Wungirije yako-meje asobanurira abitabiriye

uwo muhango ko icyumweru cyo kurwanya akarengane kizarangwa no kwakira ibi-bazo by’abaturage mu Tu-gari, kungurana ibitekerezo n`abaturage, kwerekana filimi n’andi mashusho y’ibikorwa by’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi , gusobanurira abaturage ibyiza byo gukoresha ikoranabu-hanga ndetse no kubash-ishikariza uburyo bagomba kwikemurira ibibazo binyuze mu nteko y’abaturage.

UWIMANA Winifride utuye

rw’Umuvunyi rwakomeje ga-hunda rwihaye yo gufungurira buri muturage urugejejeho ikibazo cy’akarengane aderesi ya interineti ( email address).

Iki gikorwa cyo gufungurira abaturage email gifasha mu gihe cyose abakozi b’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi babonye um-wanzuro w’ikibazo kuko ba-hita bawohereza kuri aderesi (email) yahawe uwo mutur-age.

Ku mpungenge y’uko hari

mfite umwana uzi gukoresha mudasobwa, nzajya muha ibi banfunguriye, andebere ko Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwan-yandikiye”. Icyumweru cyo kurwanya akarengane kikaba kizafasha Abanyarwanda benshi kubona amahirwe yo gutanga ibibazo byabo, bikazatuma kandi Ur-wego rw’Umuvunyi rushobo-ra kumenya neza ibibazo byi-hariye biri muri buri Karere. Kuva Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rutangiye imirimo yarwo mu mwaka wa 2004, rwagiye

kwakira ibibazo by’abaturage kuri biro bya buri Karere ku-gira ngo abaturage borohere-zwe urugendo. Iyo gahunda imaze gushy-irwa mu bikorwa, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwaje gusanga hari abaturage batabasha kugera ku biro by’Akarere cyangwa ugasanga baraci-kanywe n’iyi gahunda bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye ha-rimo kuba ibiro by’Akarere biri kure y’aho batuye. Ni muri urwo rwego Ishami rishinzwe gukumira no kur-wanya akarengane mu Rwego rw’Umuvunyi ryateguye ga-hunda y’icyumweru cyo kur-wanya akarengane muri buri Karere.

Kuva ku tariki ya 16 kuge-za ku ya 20 Kanama 2011, icyumweru cyo kurwanya akarengane cyatangiriye mu Karere ka Rubavu, naho kuva ku itariki ya 22 kugeza ku ya 27 Kanama 2011 gikomereza mu Karere ka Musanze. Nyuma yo kwakira ibibazo muri buri Karere, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwagezaga ku bayobozi bw’Akarere ibibazo byihariye bagomba gukemura.

Ni ibihe bibazo byihariye Ur-wego rw’Umuvunyi rwasan-ze mu Karere ka Rubavu ?1) Ikibazo cyo kwimu-ra abantu ku mpamvu z’ibikorwa by’inyungu rusange(expropriation pour cause d’utilité publique ) gitin-da, urugero ni nk’abaturage baturiye umugezi wa Sebeya batarahabwa ingurane ndetse n’abaturage bari batuye mu ishyamba rya Gishwati batara-habwa ingurane y’aho bimuwe;2) Abatishoboye batubakiwe imidugudu nk’uko bari babyi-jejwe ;3) Ikibazo cy’uko hari aho usanga ikibanza kimwe cyan-ditswe ku baturage benshi ;

4) Ikibazo cya ruswa ivugwa ku bayobozi baka umuturage adateganyijwe ku buryo bwe-mewe n’amategeko Cyangwa umuturage nta-habwe icyemeza ko ayatanze (Quittance);

5)Ibibazo bishingiye ku ku-dasobanukirwa n’amategeko cyane cyane ajyanye n’ imicungire y’umutungo w’abashakanye, impano n’izungura.

Kuri ibi bibazo , Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwasabye abayobozi kongerera ingufu mu gusobanurira abaturage amategeko. Abayobozi b’Akarere ka Ru-bavu banakanguriwe kunoza imicungire y’ubutaka, itang-wa ry’ibibanza rigakorwa mu nzira zemewe n’amategeko kandi Akarere kagashakira ingurane cyangwa indishyi abantu babuze ubutaka bwa-bo biturutse ku makosa cy-angwa uburangare bw’abari bagahagarariye.

Ku kibazo cya ruswa, abayo-

bozi bibukijwe ko amafaranga ashobora gucibwa abaturage agomba kuba ateganyijwe n’inzego zibifitiye ububasha kandi uyatanze agahabwa “Quittance” kugira ngo ata-barwa muri ruswa ndetse n’imicungire yayo igashobora gukurikiranwa n’ubuyobozi.

Ku byerekeye ibibazo bireba “ expropriation” n’inkunga y’abaturage batishoboye ndet-se n’ibindi bibazo, Akarere kasobanuye inzira katangiye yo kubishakira ibisubizo gafa-tanyije n’izindi nzego bireba.

IBIBAZO BYIHARIYE BYAGARAGAYE MU KA-RERE KA MUSANZE

1. Ibibazo byinshi bireba imanza n’amasambu kandi ahanini bijyanye n’ingaruka z’ubuharike;

2. Urugomo ndetse n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina;

3. Kutarangiza imanza ku gihe ;

4. Ruswa igaragara mu nzego z’ibanze

5. Ikibazo cy’ibirarane by’imishahara y’abarimu mu byahoze ari Uturere mbere y’ivugurwa rya kabiri.

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ruher-eye ku bibazo byiganje mu Karere ka Musanze rwagiriye abayobozi bako inama zo kongera ingufu mu bukan-gurambaga ku mategeko y’umuryango , gushishi-kariza abagabo n’abagore babana gusezerana imbere y’ubutegetsi. Hibukijwe ko umugabo usezerana umwe kandi yari afite abagore ben-shi agomba kubanza guha abo bagore ibyo amategeko abateganyiriza.Ku bibazo byo kutarangiza imanza ku gihe, hatanzwe inama yo guhugura ku buryo buhoraho abakozi b’Utugari n’Imirenge bafite ububasha bwo kurangiza imanza.Naho ku kibazo cya ruswa, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwas-abye abayobozi kwirinda guca abaturage amafaranga adat-eganyijwe n’amategeko kuri serivisi zitandukanye baba ba-saba inzego za Leta.

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYIUrwego rw’UmuvunyiTURWANYE AKARENGANE

Umuhango wo gutangiza ku mugaragazo icyumweru cyo kurwanya akarengane ku rwego rw'Igihugu mu Karere ka Rubavu

Umuvunyi Mukuru yakira ibibazo by'abaturage mu Karere ka Rubavu

mu Kagali ka Kamakenke , Umurenge wa Nyakiriba mu Karere ka Rubavu yagaragaje uko yishimiye iyo gahunda agira ati “Nishimiye ko Urwe-go rw’Umuvunyi rwansanze hano ku Kagari kuko mfite amagara make sinari ku-zagera ku biro by’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi kubera ibibazo by’uburwayi n’ubukene.”

Muri iyo gahunda y’icyumweru cyo kurwan-ya akarengane, Urwego

abaturage batazi gukoresha mudasobwa, Umuvunyi Muk-uru Tito RUTAREMARA ya-vuze ko nta mpungenge biteye kubera ko usanga n`ubundi hari abaturage batazi gusoma biyambaza abandi baka-bafasha kubasomera ibyo bandikiwe.NIYONZIMA Agnes , utuye mu Kagari ka Busigati, Umurenge wa Cyanzarwe mu Karere ka Rubavu yagize ati “ Njyewe sinzi gukoresha email ariko nta kibazo binteye kuko

rwakira ibibazo bitandukanye by’abaturarwanda. Icyo gikorwa kikaba cyaratangiye Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwa-kira ibibazo by’abaturage, bikorwa mu minsi itatu mu cyumweru ku biro byarwo aho rukorera i Kigali. Nyuma y’aho Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ruboneye ko hari abaturage bagira ikibazo cy’urugendo n’ibindi bibazo bibabuza kurugana bikaba-bera , mu 2010 rwashyizeho gahunda ya buri kwezi yo


UMUBARE W’IBIBAZO BYAKIRIWE MU KARERE KA RUBAVU MU cYUMWERU cYO KURWANYA AKARENGANE

IBIBAZO BYAKIRIWE BISHYIZWE MU BYICIRO IMIRENGE

UBUTAKA IBIBANZA IMANZA Ibijyanye

n’ubuyoboziKutarangiza

imanza Igiteranyo Izisanzwe Izijyanye

n’ubutaka GISENYI 7 5 27 0 16 12 67

NYAMYUMBA 7 0 11 1 11 12 42

RUGERERO 2 3 4 1 6 6 22

RUBAVU 14 3 6 2 23 15 63

CYANZARWE 3 1 4 0 4 2 14

BUSASAMANA 9 1 7 0 6 1 24

NYAKIRIBA 12 4 11 0 23 5 55

KANZENZE 12 0 2 3 7 4 28

BUGESHI 3 0 1 0 3 5 12

NYUNDO 6 0 6 0 17 11 40MUDENDE 7 0 2 1 8 6 24KANAMA 3 0 0 2 10 4 19Igiteranyo 85 17 81 10 134 83 421

UMUBARE W’IBIBAZO BYAKIRIWE MU KARERE KA MUSANZE MU cYUMWERU cYO KURWANYA AKARENGANE

IMIRENGE

IBIBAZO BYAKIRIWE BISHYIZWE MU BYICIRO

UBUTAKA IBIBANZAIMANZA

Ibijyanye n’ubuyobozi

Kutarangiza imanza Ibindi Igiteranyo

Izisanzwe Izijyanye n’ubutaka

MUHOZA 4 0 5 4 12 2 7 34NYANGE 3 0 3 10 10 4 3 33KINIGI 5 1 1 3 6 1 3 20GATARAGA 2 1 1 3 6 1 2 16CYUVE 2 1 1 3 4 3 2 16SHINGIRO 14 0 5 8 7 4 1 39REMERA 5 3 2 6 15 3 5 39KIMONYI 7 0 1 7 5 2 5 27BUSOGO 3 0 2 7 10 1 3 26GACACA 4 0 5 2 6 3 0 20GASHAKI 2 0 4 5 7 0 2 20NKOTSI 10 2 3 6 8 0 3 32MUKO 2 3 1 5 10 2 16 39RWAZA 2 1 5 9 5 5 2 29MUSANZE 6 3 2 8 11 4 3 37Igiteranyo 71 15 41 86 122 35 57 427

Muri rusange, abaturage bishimye gahunda nshya y’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi yo kubasanga mu Tugari twabo, rugakemura ibibazo by’akarengane ruri kumwe n’abahagarariye inzego z’ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze. Iki gikorwa kikaba kizakomereza mu bice bindi by’igihugu.

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi URWENYA Urwego rw’UmuvunyiTURWANYE AKARENGANE

1. UMUSORE wari utur-anye no kwa Sebukwe, yagi-ye kubasura n’uko imbwa ye imugenda inyuma ariko nti-yayimenya. Mu gihe yari mu nzu aganira, yumva hanze umuntu aravuze ati : “Ese iyi mbwa y’umukwe wacu, ko mbona ireba nk’ishonje noneho tuyihaye iki bahu ?” Wa musore ngo abyumve agwa mu kantu, aribwira ati : “Burya nza hano nzi ko bankunze, naho baran-tuka kugeza aho banyita im-bwa !?”

2. Umunyamakuru ya-bonye ahantu habereye impanuka nuko ashaka ku-menya neza ibyabaye ngo abonereho gutara amakuru ; cyane ko yumvaga buri wese avuga ati : “yooo, yapfuye disi !” Kubera ko abantu bari bashungereye ari ben-shi, yabuze aho anyura ngo agere imbere, hanyuma yigi-ra inama. Yahise avugira he-juru ati : “Nimwigireyo uwo ni papa wanjye upfuye”, abantu bose bahise bigirayo bamuha inzira nk’uko ya-bishakaga, maze atungur-wa no gusanga ari imbwa bagonze. Abamuhaye inzira bahise bamucyurira bati : “Ngaho hita umukura mu nzira rero.”

3. Umugabo yafashe uru-gendo rujya mu mahanga, agezeyo ajya muri hoteli aho yagombaga gucumbika, ku bw’amahirwe asangamo mudasobwa (computer) ;

hanyuma ahita yihutira kwandikira umugore we yari yasize mu rugo. Yaranditse hanyuma agiye kohereza urwandiko rwe yibeshya e-mail address y’umugore we, nuko ayohereza ku mugore wari wapfushije umugabo uwo munsi. Uwo mugore wari wapfushije umugabo yabaye akiva gushyingura umugabo we, yihutira kujya kuri mudasobwa yibwira ko wenda hari abo mu muryan-go we baba bamwoherereje ubutumwa bumwihangani-sha. Agifungura urwandiko rwa mbere yasanze ari rum-we rwamuyobeyeho akima-ra gusoma ibaruwa ya mbere ahita yikubita hasi. Maze umuhungu we aje amukuri-kiye asanga kuri mudasobwa hariho ibaruwa igira ati : Ku mugore wanjye nkunda cy-ane, Impamvu : Nagezeyo ama-horo.Ndabizi ko bigutangaje kubona iyi baruwa kuko utakekaga ko nabona uko nkwandikira ariko burya mudasobwa zabanje ina-ha mbere yo kugera aho ; Kandi nasanze bemerera abantu kwandikira aba-kunzi babo. Ubu tuvu-gana, maze akanya gato mpageze, banyeretse icy-umba nzabamo, gusa irungu r i r a n y i s h e ngiye kureba uburyo nawe wansanga mu cyum-weru gita-ha. Ndizera ko uzabona abaguherekeza nk’uko nanjye mwampereke-je, bisous ché-rie, ni ahejo.

4. Umugabo yafashe inu-ma, agiye kuyirya iramub-wira iti “Rero wa Mugabo we, mbere yuko undya reka mbanze nkubwire ibintu bi-biri. Icya mbere, nuramuka ufashe ikintu ukumva ur-agikunze ntukakirekure.” Umugabo ati “nabyumvise vuga icya kabiri vuba ubun-di nkuraze mu isafuriya”. In-uma iti rero, ndekura nkub-wire icya kabiri. Umugabo ati “reka nkurekure uhite umbwira icya kabiri vuba ubundi nkurye.” Umugabo si bwo ayirekuye. Inuma si bwo ihise yiguruki-ra. Iti “Waba umupfu waba umupfu. Ubwo se urandya ute kandi nagurutse !”

5. Umuntu yagiye i Burayi asanga ikoranabuhanga rirakataje kurusha iryo yari asize muri Afurika ; akabona umuntu yambaye isaha ika-ba ari nayo telefoni ye kandi akaba ashobora kureberaho internet, yakenera calcu-latrice akaba ariyo akoresha. Noneho icyamutangaje cy-ane yagiye kubona abona umuntu arimo kwandikisha ikaramu abona irasonnye aba ashyize ku gutwi aritaba

ati : « Yampaye inka we ! Iyi

se nayo ni telefoni ? Aba baga-bo baram-beshya ! » A b o n y e b i m e z e g u t y o aba yan-ditse iba-

ruwa vuba vuba arangije

arayisinya, aba arayitamiye arayi-kanjakanja arayimi-ra. Abari aho bose barumirwa bati :

« Ibyo ukoze ni ibiki ? » Ati : « Namwe muri inyuma mu majyambere koko, uku niko twohereza amabaruwa iwacu.

6. Umugabo w’umutindi yanyuze iruhande rw’uruzi avuye kwiyasiriza uduk-wi maze ishoka ye ig-wamo.Mugihe yari aki-ri mu gahinda, Imana iramubonekera imubaza ikimubabaje nawe ayisoba-nurira ibyamubayeho. Imana yagiye mu ruzi imu-zanira ishoka ya zahabu maze we asubiza ko iyo atari iye ; yasubiyeyo imiza-nira iy’umuringa maze nayo asubiza ko atari iye ; ubwa gatatu yamuzaniye iye ikoze muri fer maze avuga ko ari-iye. Kubera ukuri kwe Ima-na imwihera na za zindi. Nyuma y’iminsi mike ajya kwishimana n’umugore we iruhande rwa rwa ruzi maze umugore nawe aza kunyerera agwamo. Imana yongera kumusanga mu ka-babaro k’umugore we maze nk’uko yabikoze mbere ijya mu mazi izamuramo Miss Burundi umugabo amukubise amaso abona ni mwiza ntaho ahuriye ni umugore we aba arabeshye ati "uwanjye ni uwo !" Imana irarakara iti "ngiye kuguhana kuko umbeshye !" Umugabo arapfukama ati "Mana yanjye mbabarira kuko iyo mvuga ko atari we uba wasubiyeyo ukazana Miss Rwanda, nawe namuha-kana ugasubirayo ukazana uwanjye nk’uko wampaye ya mashoka ; rero wari guhita umpa abo bagore batatu kandi ndi umukene sinabona ibyo mbatungi-sha. Niyo mpamvu nifatiye Miss Burundi..."


U

ICYUMWERU CYO KURWANYA AKARENGANE MU MASHUSHOMinisitiri muri Perezidansi Madamu Tugireyezu Venantie n'umukozi w'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi Bwana Kajangwe Joseph basuzuma impapuro z'imanza z'umuturage wabagezagaho ikibazo cy'akarengane.

Umuvunyi Wungirije Kanzayire Bernadette

atanga ikiganiro muri ULK/Rubavu

Umuturage wari umaze kugeza ikibazo ku Muvunyi Mukuru ahabwa

email Urwego rw'Umuvunyi rwari rumaze kumufungurira

Minisitiri muri Perezidansi Madamu Tugireyezu Venantie n'Umuvunyi Wungirije Madamu Kanzayire Bernadette bakira ibibazo by'abaturage mu Karere ka Rubavu

Umuvunyi Mukuru Tito Rutaremara n'umukozi w'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi Bwana Anaclet basu-zuma impapuro z'imanza z'umuturage wabageza-gaho ikibazo cy'akarengane.

Abaturage b'Akarere ka Musanze, Umurenge wa Kimonyi bareba filimi zerekana ibikorwa b'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi

Umuvunyi Wungirije Kanzayire Bernadette yakira ibibazo by'abaturage mu Karere ka Musanze

Abaturage b'Akarere ka Rubavu basoma ibitabo

by'amategeko ndetse n"umuvunyi Magazine bagejejweho

n'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi


U RWANDA RWASUZUMWE KU ISHYIRWA MU BIKORWA RY’AMASEZERANO MPUZAMAHANGA YO KURWANYA RUSWA

Inzobere zaturutse muri UNODC zikurkirana Raporo y'bikorwa by'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi,Umuvunyi Wungirije Bwana Nzindukiyimana Auguztin yabagezagaho

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi TURWANYE RUSWA Urwego rw’UmuvunyiTURWANYE RUSWA

Birasa Jacques Fiscal

Amasezerano Mpuzama-hanga yo Kurwanya Ruswa (United Nations Conven-tion Against Corruption- UNCAC) yashyizweho ku wa 31 Ukwakira 2003, atangira gukurikizwa ku wa 14 Ukuboza 2005 nyuma y’uko ashyiriweho umukono i Merida (Mex-ique). Ubu ibihugu bigera ku140 bimaze gusinya ayo Masezerano. Ayo Masezerano Mpu-zamahanga yateganyije inzego zishinzwe guku-rikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ayo Masez-erano harimo Inama Ru-sange y’Ibihugu byayas-inye (Conférence des Etats Parties à la Conven-tion) iteganywa n’ingingo ya 63 y’ayo Masezerano, Ubunyamabanga buteg-anywa n’ingingo ya 64 y’ayo Masezerano ndetse n’Itsinda rishinzwe gusu-zuma ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano (Imple-mentation Review Group) riteganywa n’umwanzuro (Resolution) 1/1 w’Inama Rusange y’Ibihugu byashy-ize umukono ku masez-erano wafatiwe Amman mu gihugu cya Yorodaniya (Jordanie) mu nama yat-

eranye kuva ku wa 10-12 Ukuboza 2006.

Inama Rusange y’Ibihugu byashyize umukono ku Masezerano ikaba ishinzwe cyane cyane ibi bikurikira: Kuzamura ubushobo-zi bw’ibihugu byasinye Amasezerano kugira ngo bishobore gushyira mu bikorwa ibiteganywa n’ayo Masezerano, gushimangira ubufatanye bw’ibihugu no gusuzuma ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano (ingingo ya 63, 1.);Gushyiraho amategeko ngengamikorere n’andi mabwiriza yerekeye imikorere y’Inama Ru-sange harimo uburyo bwo kwemeza indorerezi n’ibijyanye n’amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu ishy-irwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano (ingingo ya 63, 3.);Gushyiraho, iyo isanze ari ngombwa, uburyo cy-angwa urwego rushinzwe gusuzuma ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano (ingingo ya 63, 7.).Inama Rusange y’Ibihugu byasinye amasezerano it-erana ku buryo buhoraho, ikaba imaze guterana mu buryo bukurikira:Inama ya mbere yaterani-ye Amman muri Jordan, tariki ya 10- 12 Ukuboza 2006;Inama ya kabiri yateraniye i Nusa Dua muri Indo-nesia, tariki ya 28/01- 01/02/2008;Inama ya gatatu yateraniye i Doha muri Qatar, tariki ya 09-13 Ugushyingo 2009;

Inama ya kane yatangiye gutegurwa, ikaba iteganyi-jwe kubera i Marrakech muri Maroc, tariki ya 24-28 Ukwakira 2011.

Nk’uko byemejwe n’Inama Rusange y’Ibihugu byas-inye Amasezerano, hashyi-zweho Urwego rushinzwe gusuzuma ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano (Implementation Review Group). Urwo rwego ru-kaba rugizwe n’inzobere zihagarariye ibihugu (Governmental experts) zishinzwe gusuzuma uko ibihugu bishyira mu bikorwa Amasezerano zifa-tanyije n’Ubunyamabanga bw’Umuryango Mpu-zamahanga, Ibiro bishin-zwe kurwanya Ibiyoby-abwenge n’ibyaha (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime - UNODC).

Uko Ibihugu bitorwa

Inama y’Urwego rush-inzwe gusuzuma ishy-irwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano igena ibihugu bigomba gukor-erwa isuzuma buri mwa-ka n’ibihugu bishinzwe kurikora hashingiwe ku matora. Igihugu cya mbere kigenzura gitorwa hash-ingiwe ku bihugu biri mu itsinda rimwe ry’akarere (Itsinda ry’ibihugu bya Afurika, Itsinda ry’ibihugu bya Aziya, Itsinda ry’ibihugu by’Uburayi bw’Iburasirazuba, Itsinda ry’ibihugu bya Amerika y’Amajyepfo na Karay-ibe, Itsinda ry’ibihugu by’Uburayi n’ibindi bihu-

gu). Igihugu cya kabiri cyo gitorwa mu bihugu byose byasinye Amasezerano.Ni muri urwo rwego, u Rwanda rwatoye ibi-hugu byo kurugenzura ari byo Senegal na Li-ban (Lebanon), rukaba rwaratowe mu mwaka wa mbere w’igenzura ry’Amasezerano n’ubwo rwari rwarakorewe isuzuma mu rwego rw’ikitegererezo (phase pilote) na Burkina Faso ifatanyije na Pologne (Po-land).

Uko isuzuma ryakozwe

Nyuma y’uko u Rwan-da rugenwe nk’igihugu kigomba kugenzurwa n’ibihugu bya Senegal na Liban, rwasabwe ku-zuza inyandiko yo mu rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga yitwa Omnibus Survey Software yateganyijwe n’Ubunyamabanga bwa UNODC ikubiyemo ibibazo bigomba gusubi-zwa n’igihugu gikorerwa isuzuma.Iyo nyandiko yaruju-jwe ishyikirizwa inzo-bere zituruka muri Sen-egal na Liban ndetse n’Ubunyamabanga bwa UNODC. Iyo nyandiko ikaba yari ikubiyemo ig-enzura ry’imitwe ibiri gusa (Umutwe wa III- IV) ari yo umutwe werekeye ingingo z’ibyaha kandi zibihana (incrimination, détection et répression) n’umutwe werekeye ubufatanye n’amahanga (coopération internationale).Inzobere zituruka mu bi-

hugu bimaze kuvugwa zasuzumye iyo nyandiko ndetse zitanga imyanzuro (comments and observa-tions) zigaragaza aho u Rwanda rugeze rushyira mu bikorwa ayo Masez-erano. Nyuma y’iyo myanzuro, u Rwanda rwatanze ibindi bisobanuro ku byari bya-garagajwe n’izo nzobere.Kugira ngo ibisobanuro byatanzwe n’u Rwanda ndetse no kugira ngo in-zobere zisobanukirwe neza imikorere y’inzego zirwanya ruswa mu Rwan-da, habayeho urugendo rw’inzobere zasuzumye u Rwanda ziri kumwe n’abahagarariye Ubuny-amabanga bwa UNODC.

Urugendo rw’inzobere mu Rwanda

Guhera tariki ya 11 kugera ku ya 14 Nyakanga 2011, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwa-kiriye inzobere zari zasuye u Rwanda kugira ngo zisu-zume ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano. Izo nzo-bere zari zigizwe n’abantu batandatu, babiri baturutse muri Senegal, abandi ba-biri baturutse muri Liban n’abakozi babiri baturutse mu Bunyumabanga bwa UNODC.

Umuvunyi Wungirije ush-inzwe gukumira no kur-wanya ruswa n’ibyaha bi-fitanye isano na yo, Bwana NZINDUKIYIMANA Au-gustin yagaragaje inyungu z’urwo rugendo. Yagize ati, “Kurwanya ruswa ni imwe mu nkingi z’iterambere rirambye kandi twizeye ko urugamba tuzarutsinda kuko hari ubushake bwa politiki kandi buri hejuru”.

Yongeyeho ko gusura u Rwanda bizarufasha ku-noza amategeko yarwo ku-gira ngo ajyane n’amahame mpuzamahanga kandi bigaragaye ko ari ngombwa kugira ngo amategeko ahi-ndurwe anozwe,Umuvunyi Wungirije akaba yarijeje ko Urwego rw'Umuvunyi ru-zageza ki nzego zibishinzwe ibigomba kuvugururwa”.

Guhera igihe u Rwanda rwashyiriye umukono ku Masezerano Mpu-zamahanga, rwagerageje gushyiraho inzego, amat-egeko n’amabwiriza big-amije ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano. Umuntu yakwibutsa ko u Rwanda rwasinye ayo Masezerano ku wa 30/11/2004, yem-ezwa (ratification) n’Iteka rya Perezida No 56/01 ryo ku wa 27/12/2005 ariko inyandiko igaragaza iyem-ezwa ry’Amasezerano ikaba yarageze mu Bunyamaban-ga Rusange bwa UNODC ku wa 04/10/2006.

Madamu Elsa Gopala Krishnan, umwe mu bari bahagarariye Ubuny-amabanga bwa UNODC kandi akaba yari ayoboye inzobere zasuye u Rwanda, yashimye uruhare rw’u Rwanda mu mwaka wa mbere w’igenzura ndetse no kuba rwiteguye gusan-gira amasomo meza azaba yavuye mu igenzura. Inzobere zivuye muri Sen-egal, Liban ndetse no mu Bunyamabanga bwa UN-ODC zasuye kandi zina-girana ibiganiro n’inzego na Minisiteri zitandu-kanye zirimo Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, Minisit-eri y’Ubutabera, Urwe-go rw’Ubushinjacyaha Bukuru, Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, Polisi y’Igihugu, abahagarariye imiryango itari iya Leta, abahagara-riye Urwego rw’Abikorera ndetse n’abahagarariye itangazamakuru.

U Rwanda rwashyize umukono ku Masezerano Mpuzamahanga yo kur-

wanya ruswa, runiyem-eza ishyirwa mu bikor-wa ryayo, akaba ari yo mpamvu hakozwe isuzuma ryayo. Igikorwa cyo gusu-zumwa n’inzobere zitu-rutse mu Bunyamabanga bwa UNODC zifatanyije n’iz’Ibihugu bya Senegal na Liban ni ingirakamaro ku Rwanda kuko ibiza-garagazwa n’izo nzobere bizarufasha kumenya aho rugeze mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ayo Masez-erano Mpuzamahanga cy-ane cyane ko ikigamijwe atari ugukora urutonde rw’ibihugu bya mbere n’ibya nyuma mu gushy-ira mu bikorwa Amasez-erano nk’uko bigaragara muri Raporo y’ibikorwa by’Inama yabereye I Nusa Dua (ne produire aucune forme de classement), ahub-wo ari uburyo bwo guher-erekanya amakuru ndetse n’ubufatanye bwo guta-hiriza umugozi umwe mu rugamba rwo kurwanya ruswa.


Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwagenzuye gahunda y’icyerekezo 2020 umurenge (VUP)

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi TURWANYE RUSWAUrwego rw’UmuvunyiTURWANYE RUSWA

Kalisa swaibu

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ru-fite inshingano zitandu-kanye nk’uko biri mu ngingo ya 3, 2°, 5°, 8°, 11°, 12° y’Itegeko N° 17/2005 ryo ku wa 18/08/2005 ri-hindura kandi ryuzuza Itegeko nº 25/2003 ryo ku wa 15/08/2003 rigena imi-terere n’imikorere y’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi. Zimwe muri izo nshingano harimo ku-gira inama Guverinoma n’izindi nzego z’imirimo bireba mu gushimangira no kunoza politiki yazo yo gukumira, kurwanya no guhana akarengane, ruswa n’ibyaha bifitanye isano na yo ndetse no ku-gira inama inzego za Leta cyangwa iz’abikorera ku giti cyabo kugira ngo imikorere y’ubuyobozi irusheho kun-ogera abaturage.

Muri urwo rwego, Ur-wego rw’Umuvunyi rwa-koze igenzura kuri ga-hunda y’Icyerekezo 2020 Umurenge (Vision 2020 Umurenge Program ) mu Mirenge 30, ni ukuvuga Umurenge umwe muri buri Karere .

Abagenerwabikorwa ba ga-hunda ya VUP ni abaturage batishoboye, bigaragara ko bakennye kurusha abandi mu Mudugudu. Aba batur-

age bakaba babarizwa mu byiciro bitatu bya mbere muri gahunda y’ubudehe, ni ukuvuga abatindi nyakujya, abatindi n'abakene. Abatur-age badafite imbaraga zo gukora bahabwa inkunga y’ingoboka ( Direct Sup-port), abaturage bashoboye gukora imishinga ibyara inyungu baragurizwa, baka-zishyura (Financial Service ), abaturage batishoboye bafite imbaraga zo gukora bashyirwa muri mirimo ru-sange (public works).VUP ifite intego zo kuga-banya ubukene mu Rwan-da binyujijwe mu Mirenge yafashwe nk’Imirenge iken-nye kurusha iyindi.

Igenzura ryakozwe hagami-jwe gusuzuma icyo gahunda ya VUP yamariye abaturage kugira ngo ibyagenze neza bishimwe n’ibitaragenze neza bikosorwe; bityo ga-hunda za Leta zigenerwa abaturage zirusheho gukor-wa neza no kugirira akama-ro abo ziteganyirizwa.

IBYO GUSHIMA

Gahunda ya VUP imaze kugera kuri byinshi kandi bishimishije. Bimwe muri byo, ni ibi bikurikira:

Guteza imbere imibereho y’abaturage, gukemura iki-bazo cy’inzara, kwishyu-rira abana amashuri, korora (inka, ihene, intama, inko-ko, ingurube), kuriha ama-faranga y’ubwisungane mu kwivuza “mutuelle de santé”, kugura imyambaro, kubaka no gusana amazu, kuryama ku mifariso “matelas”, ndet-se iyo gahunda yafashije abaturage byinshi:

- Kwivana muri nyakatsi;Gufasha abaturage kubona amazi meza, amashyanyara-zi, imihanda, ndetse abatu-rage bamaze kugira umuco mwiza wo kuzigama amafa-ranga;- Gukora amater-asi y’indinganire n’imirwanyasuri bifasha mu kurwanya isuri; - Gusobanukirwa gukora imishinga mito mito iby-ara inyungu no kuyibyaza umusaruro, kwitabira indi mirimo itari iy’ubuhinzi gusa;Imirenge yashyizwe muri gahunda y’icyerekezo 2020 Umurenge (VUP) bigaraga-ra ko yavuye mu bwigunge kubera ibikorwa remezo bigenda bihakorerwa, imi-banire y’abaturage igenda irushaho kuba myiza kuko akenshi baba bari hamwe bakarushaho kumenyana no gukemurira hamwe ibi-bazo bibareba.

IMBOGAMIZI MU ISHYIRWA MU BIKOR-WA RYA GAHUNDA YA VUP

Mu igenzura ryakozwe n’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi, hagaragaye imbogamizi zi-tuma iyi gahunda itagenda neza. Zimwe muri zo ni izi zikurikira:

- Inzira amafaranga any-uramo ni ndende cyane ku buryo bituma amafaranga atinda kugera ku bagen-erwabikorwa. Ibi bituma abaturage aho guhabwa amafaranga y’inkunga y’ingoboka buri kwezi, abageraho nyuma y’amezi atatu ;

- Nta mibare ifatika iga-ragaza uburyo abaturage bava mu cyiciro bajya mu kindi; ibi bikaba bigorana kumenya uburyo abaturage bagenda bava mu bukene;

- Ibyiciro bishingirwaho mu kugena abagenerwa-bikorwa ni ibyashyizweho igihe cy’ubudehe, ibi na-byo bikaba byagombye kuvugururwa ,bigahuzwa n’igihe tugezemo;

- Kuvanwa ku rutonde rw’abahabwa inkunga y’ingoboka “direct support” nyuma y’igihe cy’umwaka umwe kugira ngo hashy-irwemo abandi kandi nta kindi kintu bafite kibafasha gukomeza kwiteza imbere;Abaturage bakora amat-sinda bagategura imishinga, bamara guhabwa amafar-anga aho gukorera mu mat-sinda, bakayagabana (kuko iyo bahawe amafaranga bari mu matsinda aribwo ba-habwa amafaranga menshi); bityo kwishyura inguzanyo bahawe bikagorana;Amafaranga akoreshwa n’abakozi bashinzwe gahun-da ya VUP atangwa atinze kuko byagaragaye ko nta Murenge n’umwe uyabon-era ku gihe, ibi bikadindiza akazi ;Amafaranga y’imishinga iba yemejwe atinda kugera ku bagenerwabikorwa bigatu-ma imishinga imwe n’imwe nk’ijyanye n’ubuhinzi ihomba kubera ko igihe cy’ihinga kiba cyarangiye ;Abaturage bahabwa ingu-zanyo bakaba batubahiriza amasezerano yo kwishyura;Abaturage bakoze mu mi-rimo rusange (“Public Works”) batinda guhembwa amafaranga baba barakor-

eye;Umubare w’abakozi ba VUP utuzuye kuko hari Imirenge byagaragaye ko ifite umu-kozi umwe (1).Nyuma yo gusura imwe mu Mirenge iri muri gahunda y’icyerekezo 2020 (VUP) no gusesengura ibibazo binyu-ranye bituma iyi gahunda idashyirwa mu bikorwa neza nk’uko yateguwe, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwatanze in-ama zikurikira:Komite z’ubudehe zifatan-yije n’inzego z’ibanze zikwiye gukurikirana abaturage ba-

hawe inguzanyo kugira ngo bishyure ayo mafaranga, ahabwe abandi;Abayobozi bo mu nzego z’ibanze bagomba kumva ko gahunda y’Icyerekezo 2020 Umurenge (VUP) iri mu nshingano zabo; bityo bak-ayikurikiranira hafi kugira ngo amafaranga ya Leta ako-reshwe icyo yagenewe kandi intego rusange zigerweho;Amafaranga yo gukoresha mu kazi ka buri munsi ak-wiye kujya atangirwa igihe kugira ngo bitadindiza imi-rimo;

Inzira amafaranga anyuramo ni ndende, zikwiye koros-hywa kugira ngo amafaranga agere ku bagenerwabikorwa vuba, bityo n’imirimo iba yakozwe ibashe kwishyurwa ku gihe; Gusobanurira abaturage mu buryo buhagije ku bijyanye no gucunga ibikorwa reme-zo biba byakozwe kuko biba byakozwe mu nyungu zabo kandi biba byatanzweho amafaranga menshi;Kongerera igihe cyo kwishy-ura imishinga imwe n’imwe kuko byagaragaye ko igihe

cy’umwaka gishobora kuba gito bitewe n’umushinga wa-teguwe.Nk’uko ari ihame ry’imiyoborere myiza, ni ngombwa ko inzego zose bireba zegera abaturage zi-kabasobanurira ibirebana na gahunda y’Icyerekezo 2020 Umurenge (VUP) kugira ngo bitabire iyo gahunda bayumva neza. Abayobozi bagomba gukorera mu mu-cyo kugira ngo ibyagenewe abaturage bibagereho kandi bibateze imbere.

Kugeza ku bagenerwabikorwa ibyabo bizatuma u Rwanda rugera ku majyambere arambye


Imihigo: Inkingi ishyigikira imiyoborere myiza

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi IMIYOBORERE MYIZA

Ngirinshuti Vedaste

Iterambere ry’igihugu haba mu bukungu, mu miyo-borere no mu mibereho y’abaturage rishyigikirwa n’ubumenyi bushya igihugu kivoma mu mibanire yacyo n’ibindi bihugu ku ruhande rumwe, ku rundi ruhande rigashyigikirwa n’umuco karande wacyo. Umuco wo guhiga tuwukomora mu

mibereho y’abakurambere bacu, ukaba inkingi ikom-eye y’imiyoborere myiza. Imihigo ni iki? Imihigo ni igikorwa gishingiye ku muco w’abakurambere aho wasan-gaga Umunyarwanda yiha intego agomba kugeraho, akagena igihe agomba kuba yakigezeho kandi akagira n’amahame yiyemeza guku-rikiza kugira ngo abashe kuyigeraho. Icy'ingezi mu mihigo ni uko umuntu ya-baga yabyiyemeje ubwe (self determination), akaniy-emeza gutsinda ingorane yashoboraga guhura na zo. Mu ntambara zo hambere zo kurengera cyangwa kwagura u Rwanda, intwari zarahiga-ga zigiye ku rugamba, umwe agahigira kugera bwa mbere

mu gihugu gitewe, undi aga-higira kwivugana umubisha wabaga ari indwanyi ikom-eye, n’ibindi. Kenshi ibyo bahigiraga babigeragaho.

Imihigo mu Rwanda rwo hambere no mu Rwanda rw’ubuImihigo dukora ubu hari aho ihuriye n’iyo hambere ? Imihigo y’ubu ihuriye n’iya kera kuri byinshi.

Intego: guhiga bivuga kuba ufite icyo ugamije, ari yo nte-go. Intego uhigira iba igami-je kukugeza aheza haruta aho uri mu gihe ukora imihigo. Nta wuhigira gusubira inyu-ma kuko no muri kamere muntu ahora yifuza gutera imbere, kwiyungura mu

buzima. Nk’uko kera Aban-yarwanda bahigiraga guts-inda abanzi ngo batigarurira igice cy’Igihugu, bagahigira kurushanwa ubutwari, ni nako n’ubu Abanyarwanda bahigira kugera ku bikorwa by’indashyikirwa, haba mu iterambere ry’ubukungu no mu mibereho yabo muri ru-sange.

Intego nziza: nta wakwiren-gagiza ko abantu b’umutima mubi bahigira ikibi, baga-higira kwivugana umuntu badahanganye ku rugamba cyangwa kumugirira nabi. Iyo mihigo na yo ibaho, ariko ni imihigo mibi. Ak-enshi iyo mihigo nta n’ubwo ikorerwa ahagaragara, iba mu mutima w’inkorakibi,

byakabya ikayisangiza in-shuti bahuriye ku bugirana-bi. Iyo si yo mihigo turata. Imihigo tuvuga ni igamije ikiza, iyerekeza ku busugire n’iterambere rya muntu.

Ukwiyemeza: guhiga kuva kera na kare ni ukwiyemeza, kugira ubushake bukomeye bwo gukora igikorwa runa-ka.

Igikorwa cy’ubutwari: in-twari ni zo zihiga, nta kig-wari cyangwa umunebwe uhiga. Ikigwari ntigitinyuka no kugera aho abandi bat-eraniye. Mu Rwanda rwo hambere bahigiraga mu bit-aramo bamaze no kwivuga ibigwi n’ibirindiro.

Ni ukuvuga ko utari in-twari nta n’ikivugo yagi-raga. Mu Rwanda rw’ubu na bwo hahiga abakozi, ndavuga abafite ubutwari bwo kwitabira umurimo, batari abanebwe. Guhiga ni igikorwa cy’ubutwari kuko umuntu ahigira ikintu ki-goye kugeraho. Nta wahiga ko azajya ajya ku kazi buri munsi. N’ubwo na cyo ari igikorwa cyiza, ariko ni byo asanzwe akora kandi ni na cyo asabwa. Nakajyaho buri munsi azagakoramo iki ki-dasanzwe? Ahubwo yahigira gukora icyari cyaramunani-ye.

Aho bahigira: imihigo ikorerwa mu ruhame rwa benshi cyangwa rwa bake bitewe n’icyo umuntu ahigira. Guhigira kwivu-gana ababisha kera bya-korerwaga mu bitaramo ibwami nk’uko twabivuze, ariko guhigira igikorwa cy’umuryango byaberaga mu muryango. Abayobozi b’Uturere bahigira imbere

y’Umukuru wa Guverino-ma (Minisitiri w’Intebe) hamwe na Minisitiri ufite ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu mu nshingano ze. Abakozi muri serivisi runaka ba-higira imbere y’umukuru w’iyo serivisi, umukuru w’umuryango agahigira imbere y’abanyamuryango n’umukuru w’umudugudu. Ni ukuvuga ko abashy-ikirizwa imihigo bagen-da batandukana bitewe

abe ari we ujya ku isonga. Imihigo y’ubu irangwa no kugaragariza abanyarwanda n’uburyo uteganya kugera ku cyo uhigira.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ko mu cyaro ntiyahigira gush-yira kaburimbo mu mi-handa y’Akarere atagaragaza aho azakura ubushobozi. Ibyo byakwitwa kwirarira, nta n’uwaha agaciro uwo muhigo. Mu biranga imi-

mbere kigaragara ni uko imihigo ishimangira ihame ryo kwegereza abaturage ubuyobozi n’ihame ryo guha abaturage uruhare mu biba-korerwa, ayo akaba ari amwe mu mahame y’imiyoborere myiza.

Abaturage bafite uruhare runini rwo kugaragaza ibyo bifuza byakorwa mu mu-dugudu batuyemo, mu ka-gari no mu Karere. Abayo-

Ifoto y'Urwibutso ya Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika , Abayobozi Bakuru b'Igihugu n'abayobozi b'Uturere cumi twa mbere mu kwesa imihigo

n’ubwoko bw’imihigo.N’ubwo imihigo ya kera n’iy’ubu ihuriye kuri byin-shi, hari n’ibyo itandukani-yeho:

Uburyo bwo kugera ku ntego: Kera bahigiraga igikorwa runaka ariko nti-bagaragaze uburyo bazakig-eraho; ahanini byaterwaga n’uko muri uko guhiga hari-mo no guhigana, buri mun-tu yibikira ibanga rye kugira ngo undi atarimenya, bityo

yoborere myiza harimo no gukorera mu mucyo kandi ugasobanura ibyo ukora. Ni yo mpamvu uhiga aba afite inzira n’amahame bizamufa-sha kugera ku ntego.

Uruhare rw’imihigo mu miyoborere myiza

Iyo umuntu amaze gu-sobanukirwa n’imihigo, ntiyashidikanya ku ruhare iyo mihigo ifite ku miyob-orere myiza y’igihugu. Icya

bozi b’izo nzego basesengura neza ibyifuzo byabo, bakabi-noza maze bakanabishakira uburyo byagerwa.

Imihigo igaragaza ibyifuzo byavuye mu baturage, bi-tyo ibikorwa byavuyemo bigashyigikirwa n’abaturage ba nyirabyo, nta winuba ngo kuki hakozwe kiriya ariko ntihakorwe iki. Ibi ni muri rusange na none kuko hari ahakirangwa n’abayobozi bategera abaturage ngo ba-

Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika ageza igikombe k'Umuyobozi w'Akarere ka Nyamasheke kabaye aka kabiri mu kwesa imihigo


Protecting private property rights: A leading role of the office of the ombudsman

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi IMIYOBORERE MYIZAUrwego rw’UmuvunyiIMIYOBORERE MYIZA

bagishe inama. Mu miyob-orere ya Leta zabanjije ubuy-obozi ku rwego rw’igihugu ni bwo bwagenaga ibigomba gukorwa n’aho bigomba gukorerwa, ugasanga hari Akarere kemerewe kugira amashanyarazi ahandi ari icuraburindi, hari ahemer-ewe amazi, imihanda, itu-manaho n’ibindi. Kwegereza abaturage ubuyobozi bya-fashije mu gukwirakwiza ibikorwa by’iterambere mu duce twose tw’igihugu biciye ahanini mu mihigo.

Iyo ni inkingi ikomeye y’imiyoborere myiza. Iyo abaturage bagize uruhare mu kugena ibyo bakeneye bituma banagira uruhare mu kubibungabunga, bityo igihugu kikaba cyakwizera iterambere rirambye.

Imiyoborere myiza igi-ra icyerekezo cy’aho ig-anisha igihugu mu nzego zose: politiki, ubutabera, ubukungu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage. Icyo cy-erekezo, ari cyo kitwa ubu icya 2020 “vision 2020” kigizwe n’intego zitandu-kanye zigomba kugerwaho. Ni nk’umuhigo ku rwego rw’igihugu. Izo ntego ni zo zigenda zihigirwa uhereye ku muturage, umuyobozi ku nzego z’ibanze, inzego nkuru n’abakozi bose b’izo nzego.

Imiyoborere myiza ni iyo buri muturarwanda afitemo uruhare kandi akayibonamo. Muri uru rwego nta washidi-kanya ko imihigo ari inking ikomeye ishyigikira imiyob-orere myiza mu gihugu cy-acu.

Isuzumamihigo mu Turere tw’Igihugu

Kuva mu mwaka wa 2006 aho imihigo itangiriye, uturere twagiye duhigira intego nyinshi kandi ziny-uranye, zigamije kugeza abaturage batwo ku buzima bwiza. Buri mwaka hagenda hakorwa isuzuma ry’imihigo hagatangwa n’amanota.

Akamaro k’iri suzuma ni ukugaragaza ibyagezweho, ikigero imihigo yagezweho hifashishijwe ijanisha, ariko cyane cyane no kugara-gaza ahabonetse intege nke n’inzitizi kugira ngo hafatwe ingamba zo kongera imbara-ga.

Ni umwanya wo kwisu-zuma kuri buri muyobozi ndetse n’umuturage, cyane ko abaturage ari na bo bafite uruhare runini mu gukora ibikorwa bikubiye mu mi-higo.

Byifashe bite mu mihigo y’umwaka wa 2009-2010 na 2010-2011?

Iyo ugereranyije ibyavuye mu isuzuma ry’imihigo ya 2009-2010 na 2010-2011, usanga intambwe yatewe ari ndende kuko imihigo muri rusange mu turere twose yavuye ku kigero cya 63.3 % mu mwaka wa 2009-2010, igera ku kigero cya 81.5 % mu mwaka wa 2010-2011. Ibi bitanga icyizere ko abantu bagenda barushaho gusobanukirwa n’akamaro k’imihigo bityo u Rwanda rukazajya rurushaho gutera intambwe.

Kuki imihigo itagerwaho uko yahizwe?

Hashingiwe ku isesengura ryakozwe n’itsinda rya-

koze isuzuma ry’imihigo y’Uturere 2010-2011, zim-we mu mpamvu zagaragajwe zatumye imihigo itagerwaho uko bikwiye ni izi:Guteganya ibikorwa bi-dashobora kugerwaho mu gihe cy’amezi 12, urugero nko guteganya gukora umu-handa w'ibirometero 30 ha-takozwe inyigo igaragaza ko bishoboka;

Abaterankunga batubahiriza gahunda yo gutanga amafa-ranga nk’uko baba babyiy-emeje ;

Kutagena ibikorwa hashingi-we ku mwihariko wa buri Karere;

Kugena ibikorwa Akarere kadafiteho ubugenzuzi ko-nyine, nko kubaka sitade no gukora igishushanyo mbon-era biri mu bubasha bwa Leta (Central Government);Ibikorwa bijyanye no kur-wanya isuri usanga bidasoba-nurwa neza bityo bikanagora kumenya neza icyakozwe.

Hari izindi mpamvu z’ingenzi dusanga zishobora gutuma imihigo itagerwaho neza:

Amikoro adahagije: usanga hari ibikorwa by’imihigo bi-saba inkunga ziturutse ahan-di zitaboneka ntibikorwe;

Kudaha abaturage uruhare mu mihigo: hari hamwe na hamwe abaturage batabazwa cyangwa ngo na bo ubwabo bagaragaze ibyo bifuza bya-jya mu mihigo, ibyo bikagi-ra ingaruka z’uko badshyira imbaraga mu bikorwa bag-omba kugiramo uruhare cyangwa ngo banabunga-bunge ibyakozwe;

Kubura ubunyangamu-gayo: twasobanuye ko ubu-nyangamugayo bwagiye bubura hamwe na hamwe mu banyarwanda, bityo bigatuma n’imirmo idashy-irwamo imbaraga zihagije. Umuntu utari inyangamu-gayo acika intege vuba iyo ahuye n’ingorane, cyangwa se rimwe na rimwe akumva ibyo yahigiye bitamureba cyane. Ni yo mpamvu usan-ga bimwe mu byo bahigiye bitagerwaho.

Guhiga nk’umwe mu mico myiza y’abanyarwanda bi-kangurira buri muturar-wanda kugira intego yiy-emeje kandi akaniyemeza kuyigeraho kabone n’ubwo yahura n’ingorane. Leta y’u Rwanda yashyize imbaraga mu mihigo nk’inkingi ishy-igikira imiyoborere myiza mu gihugu cyacu. N’ubwo hari intambwe nini ig-enda iterwa mu guhigura imihigo, haracyari n’inzitizi zikwiye kuvanwaho kugira ngo imihigo igere ku ntego yayo byuzuye, abayobozi bagafatanya n’abo bayobora kugena ibikorwa by’ingenzi kandi bifite ireme baka-nashyira imbaraga mu kubigenzura no kubishy-igikira.

Ibyifashishijwe :MINALOC, Districts imi-higo evaluation report 2010-2011 july, 23rd 2011 (Raporo y’ibyavuye mu isuzumihigo ry’uturere2010-2011, Ki-gali, 23/07/2011)

Urubuga rwa internet http://search.yahoo.com/imihigo rwasuwe ku wa 28/08/2011

GATERA Athanase

Important widely recog-nized types of property include real property (the combination of land and any improvements to or on the land), personal prop-erty (physical possessions belonging to a person), private property (property owned by legal persons or business entities), public property (state owned or publicly owned and avail-able possessions) and intel-lectual property (exclusive rights over artistic crea-tions, inventions, etc.).

For various reasons, a person can be unjustly deprived of his or her right to property. The State sets up the mech-anism for safeguarding the individual rights. For the purpose of this paper, we shall briefly discuss on the role of the Rwandan Office of the Ombudsman in the protection of the right to private real property.

Right to property as human rightProperty is any physical or intangible entity that is owned by a person or jointly by a group of people. Depending on the nature of the property, an owner

of property has the right to consume, sell, rent, mort-gage, transfer, exchange or destroy it, or to exclude oth-ers from doing these things. Property distributes claims for the benefits and liabili-ties for the burdens of so-ciety. It allocates access to use. Property is the basis of power and control. If the in-dividual exercises power and control over use of property, he has property rights.

The lack of property can be signaled as the reason why many people are in need of fundamental protec-tion and unable to protect themselves. It is obvious that “Property rights allow human beings to have au-tonomy of action over their own property: rights hold-ers can put property to the uses they desire, provided such uses are socially ac-ceptable; and they can reap the rewards from those uses without fear of unjustified and uncompensated expro-priation of their property rights by government. For this reason, property rights are not different from other human rights – such as the right to life and liberty, and the rights to freedom of ex-pression and equality before the law1.” A title, or a right of ownership, establishes the relation between the prop-

1 1Lewis Evans, Neil Quigley and Kevin Counsell, “Protection of Private Property

Rights and Just Compensation: An Economic Analysis of the Most Fundamental Human Right Not Provided in New Zealand”, available at www.iscr.org.nz consulted on 26/08/2011

erty and other persons, as-suring the owner the right to dispose of the property.

Right to property is en-shrined in legal instru-ments

Right to property conceived as human right presents property as something the State should promote sys-tematically and for this rea-son it has “a duty to estab-lish a system, of rights that puts property at the reach of the vast majority of people striving to improve their life chances through labor and trade. Understanding prop-erty rights as human rights highlights the responsibility of governments to install functioning property rights systems that promote mas-sive and fair access to prop-erty for every human being, independent of race, gender, and other societal distinc-tions2”. Enacting laws relat-ing to property rights is the first step for their protec-tion.

The right to property is pro-vided for in international, regional and national legal instruments. The Univer-sal Declaration of Human Rights stipulates in the ar-ticle 17 that “Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in associa-tion with others” and that “No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.” 2 Hernando do Soto and Francis Cheneval, Ed., Realizing Property Rights, Rüffer& Rub, Zurich, 2006, p.15

Article 16 of the Conven-tion on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimina-tion against Women (CE-DAW) sets out equal rights of spouses to enjoyment and disposition of property. The same right is protected by the European Convention for the Protection of Hu-man Rights and Fundamen-tal Freedoms as well as the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights. Article 29, §1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Rwanda states that “Every person has a right to private prop-erty, whether personal or owned in association with others”. These few examples highlight the relevance of private property rights pos-session and protection.

Essence of private prop-erty

The right to private prop-erty is the social-political principle that adult human beings may not be prohib-ited or prevented by anyone from acquiring, holding and trading valued items not already owned by oth-ers. Such a right is, thus, un-alienable and, if in fact jus-tified, is supposed to enjoy respect and legal protection in a just human community. Article 29, §2 of the Con-stitution of the Republic of Rwanda maintains that “Private property, whether individually or collectively owned, is inviolable”.

When effectively protected, private property secures


Urwego rw’Umuvunyi IMIYOBORERE MYIZAUrwego rw’UmuvunyiIMIYOBORERE MYIZA

dation not only of pros-perity but also of freedom itself. The ownership right is absolute and the law should regulate it. It should not be questioned without justification. It may only be encroached upon in the interest of public need or in the general interest of the community and in accord-ance with the provisions of appropriate laws.

The expropriation does not contradict the constitution-al guarantee of inviolability of private property in as far as the common interest is more important than a per-sonal profit. However, the individual right must not be violated. The reason why the expropriation is carried out in the public interest. In case of personal interest, the expropriator and the land owner have to agree upon the cost to be paid by the former.

Breach of laws entails Om-budsman’s intercession

A number of residents mainly in urban areas face the problems related the ex-propriation. They complain

about the unjust removal from their property. They are forced to leave their land without getting the just compensation. This is injus-tice which gives rise to the Ombudsman’s action. The Office of the Ombudsman intercedes in favor of the weak party. The Office holds discussions with all involved parties for the enforcement of the law governing the expropriation or the sale contract. Most of cases are noticed in Kigali City. They are settled to the satisfaction of the expropriator and the expropriated parties. The outcome can be the increase of the compensation in case it is low.

The just compensation is determined on basis of mar-ket prices. It must be regu-larly revised by the compe-tent organs so as to respect the law. This applies in rural as well as urban areas. The Office of the Ombudsman urges the concerned bod-ies to comply with the leg-islation. The Office of the Ombudsman receives and handles all claims related to land tenure in respect of its mission and functioning.

Land tenure refers to the le-gal regime in which land is owned by an individual. It guarantees the use, the con-trol and transfer rights. Its role is to ensure that the in-dividual rights are respected by public institutions.

It encourages the latter to be fair towards the claimants and to excel by good ser-vice delivery. Land admin-istration should be efficient and reliable. Distribution of pots is a way of granting ownership right. It must be uncorrupted process.

The acquisition of property right must be legally ac-cepted and protected. The Rwandan land policy pro-vides for the registration of immoveable property and the requirement of sup-porting documents. This serves as parapet against any inconvenient or unlawful dispossession. The illegal acquisition amounts to il-licit enrichment which is a criminal offence provided for by article 24 of the law nº23/2003 of 07/08/2003 governing the prevention, suppression and punish-

ment of corruption and re-lated offences.

The public officials provide for by the law make the dec-laration of their assets to the Office of the Ombudsman. The latter conducts the checking of the assets as de-clared. The procedure does not contradict the principle of inviolability and peace-ful possession of private property. It is an obligation which stems from the posi-tion they occupy in public administration. They man-age resources at their dis-posal in public interest. The Office of the Ombudsman monitors their transparency in the fulfillment of the du-ties without infringing their right to honestly amass the fortune.

The role of the Office of the Ombudsman in the pro-tection of private property rights derives from its mis-sion in as far as it is empow-ered to defend human rights and prevent corruption. It therefore plays an instru-mental role in promoting a law-abiding society.

for human individuals a sphere of personal jurisdic-tion, the right to acquire and hold the property. The right to one’s life, liberty and property are necessary conditions for a morally significant or meaningful life in human communi-ties. Hernando do Soto and Francis Cheneval spell out that “The right to private property is understood as a direct consequence of the human person’s need and ability to provide for his or her subsistence and enter-tainment through manifold activities. The body itself is the first property of the human person. The respect for a person’s property is thus related to the respect of the integrity of the body and the human person as a free and active being. Every hu-man person has to be con-sidered proprietor of his or her body, its labor and its projects. The denial of pri-vate property rights as hu-man rights opens the door to slavery and grave forms of exploitation3”.

A legal procedure first and foremost

The duty to protect the right to private property is held by an impartial authority called the State. The State and the apparatus that up-hold the system of private property cannot themselves become a private property. If the State becomes a pri-vate property or is com-pletely subverted by private interests, private property rights disappear.

3 Hernando do Soto and Francis Cheneval, Ed., Ibid., p.11

sated.

The law nº18/2007 of 19/04/2007 relating to expropriation in the pub-lic interest in its article 23 reads that “Through agree-ment between the person to expropriate and the one to be expropriated, the just compensation may be mon-etary or an alternative land and a building equivalent to the determination of just monetary compensation. In case the determination of just compensation exceeds in value the alternative land given to the person expro-priated, the difference shall be paid to the expropriated person. In order for the ex-propriation to be imple-mented, the just compensa-tion shall be awarded to the expropriated person before he or she relocates”.

Private property is the foun-

Office of the Ombudsman

Article 29, § 3 of the Con-stitution of the Republic of Rwanda holds that “ The right to property may not be interfered with except in public interest, in cir-cumstances and procedures determined by Law and subject to fair and prior compensation”. All legal instruments provide for the State interference on private property in case of expro-priation. Two conditions should be fulfilled: the act to be carried out must be of public interest and the ex-propriated person must get just compensation.

The first role of the Of-fice of the Ombudsman as regards the private prop-erty rights protection is to ensure that the laws and rules are in place. The latter should be clear, sound, reli-able and updated. An ob-

solete and vague regulation is not easily enforceable. Its implementation entails in-justice and corruption. The Ombudsman played a role in the preparation of legal instruments governing the land management, the ex-propriation in the public interest, the land sharing and the determination of just compensation by com-petent organs.

The second role of the Of-fice of the Ombudsman is to oversee the respect of regulations into force. In case of expropriation, the officials have to protect the interests of the expropria-tor and the land owner. The former wants to acquire the property rights for conduct-ing his activities, for exam-ple, erecting a building. The latter has to leave the place so as to resettle elsewhere, but he must be compen-

Every rwandan has the right to his/her private property

Ufite igitekerezo, ikibazo , icyifuzo ndetse n'inama ushaka kugeza ku bwanditsi bw'ikinyamakuru Umuvunyi Magazine , bwandikire kuri: BP: 6269, email: magazine@

ombudsman.gov.rw cg se Tél: 0788305881 / 0788455701 / 0788479380


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Urwego rw’Umuvunyi INKURU ISHUSHANYIJEUrwego rw’UmuvunyiINKURU ISHUSHANYIJE

28 Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011

Mushobora gukurikirana ibikorwa by'Urwego rw'Umuvunyi kuri:

www.ombudsman.gov.rw

Aderesi Nomero ya telefoni itishyuzwa : 199

B.P.: 6269 KIGALITEL.: 252 587309FAX.: 252 587182

Website: www.ombudsman.gov.rwE-mail: [email protected]

Documents

UMUVUNYI - OMBUDSMAN Mag 20.pdf · 8 Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011 Umuvunyi Magazine No 20 Nzeri - Ugushyingo 2011 9 Ubufatanye bw’Urwego rw’Umuhuza w’Abarundi