QUOTABLE QUOTES=

Ulbricht Demands ‘Neutral’ West Berlin East Germany’s Communist leader, Walter Ulbricht,

opened the 6th SED (Socialist Unity, i.e. Communist) Party Congress on Jan. 15, 1963 with a five-hour speech, in which he laid down conditions for an all-German Confederation and a settlement in West Berlin.

Soviet Premier Khrushchev, in a moderate speech on Jan. 16, expressed his warm support for the Fast Ger- man (German Democratic Republic) leaders and con- firmed the Soviet position on Berlin and a peace treaty, without indicating any concessions. He said that there was less urgency for a treaty since the building of the Berlin Wall as a means to “protect Socialist achieve- ments.”

Of special interest to the West are the following excerpts from Ulbricht’s speech (quoted by the East German “Pravda,” Neues Deutschland, on Jan. 15).

“Our program lays down explicitly that the SED is guided by the Leninist principle of peaceful co-exist- ence . . . Peaceful coexistence is a form of the class struggle and is being waged in Germany as economic, political and intellectual-cultural competition between the two opposing systems . . _

“West Berlin is of no objective importance; it seems to have become a prestige question for the Western Powers . . . The consequence of this is that a West Berlin solution cannot be achieved in one go, but must be brought about in several stages . . . We are ready to consider a gradual settlement in the transformation of West Berlin into a peaceful, neutral free city . . .

“We are also ready to consider the proposal that the NATO flag should be replaced to start with by that of the U.N. and that the U.N. should take over certain international obligations and functions there . . . Nat- urally such a settlement would be acceptable to us only if it included the respecting by all concerned of the sovereignty of East Germany, mainly with regard to the use of East German lines of communications . . .

“There should be negotiations between the two Ger- man Governments; naturally this is only possible on the basis of equality. . . Without disarmament, without safeguarding peace, the elimination of the division of Germany is not possible. . .

“We advocate the normalization of German relations on the basis of a goodwill agreement between the two- German states as follows: I) Respect for the existence and political and social system of the other German state. Renunciation of the use of force; 2) Respect for the frontiers of the other German state; 3) Remmcia- tion of the testing, owning, producing, acquiring or controlling of nuclear weapons; 4) A halt to arming in both German states and further agreement on dis- armament; 5) Mutual recognition of passports and citizenship and normalization of travel; 6) Establish- ment of normal sports and cultural relations; 7) Con- clusion of an official East-West German trade agree- ment, with the aim of expanding trade. . .

“Our program says that it is the historic mission of the GDR to create a fin-m foundation for the working

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class to take over leadership in the whole of Germany (Ed.: our italics) the national question being solved in the sense of peace and national progress.”

Soviet Power ‘Defends Workers of World’ “The future world war will first and foremost be a

missile and nuclear war. . . . Under the conditions of conducting a modern war, the moral and political train- ing of the armed forces is of great importance. The socio-political nature and the class essence of the armed forces of the socialist and capitalist countries determine the different trends in the education and training of personnel as well as the principles in the formation and recruitment of armies. . . . The capitalist armies are the obedient tools of the monopolistic bourgeoisie and serve reactionary and misanthropic purposes. Preda- tory and armexationist aims are alien to the Soviet Armed Forces. . . . The preparation of a country for war consists of preparing its economy, its armed forces and its population. Under present conditions the . . . timely organization of civil defense is of particular importance. . . .

“The military strategy of the imperialistic countries, serving the interest of the bourgeoisie, is directed to- ward preparation of war as a means of solving inter- national problems. Soviet military strategy serves the purpose of preparing for a war in order to defend the achievements of the workers and to crush the aggressor.

‘The class essence of bourgeois military strategy is that it serves the reactionary purposes of war prepara- tion to destroy the most progressive social order-So- cialism-and to prevent the natural development of mankind in the direction of Communism. . . . The su- periority of Soviet strategy over the military strategy of the imperialist states is due to the fact that it serves the most advanced social order and the cause of defending the achievements of the workers of the entire world.”

-Marshall V. D. Sokolovsky (Ed.), Voyennaya Stra- tegiya (Military Strategy), (Moscow: Military Pub- lishing House of the Defense Ministry, U.S.S.R,, 1962, 458 PP.)., PP. 452-455.

Soviet Communist Party Protests Iraq ‘Repressions’ “The news coming from Iraq indicates that mass

repressions are taking place in that country as well as bloody terror against the Communists and other repre- sentatives of the democratic and patriotic forces of Iraq. Various organs of the Government are organizing raids, searches, arrests, beatings, and murders . . .

“The Iraqi Conmnmist Party always held high the banner of national struggle. It had never made peace with the colonizers and their agents under conditions of the most cruel terror to which Iraq was subjected during the period when the royal dynasty and the im- perialist clique dominated . . . .

“The Iraqi Communists took an active part in the . . . July Revolution of 1958. During the personal dictator- ship of Kassem, notwithstanding persecutions and rep- ressions, the Communists continued to wage an heroic struggle for the revolution’s aims. They fought for the unity of the national patriotic forces in the struggle against imperialism, for the genuine independence of their country, for the satisfaction of the just national demands of the Kurd people, for democracy, for the rights and the vital interests of the Iraqi people. They resolutely exposed the forces that attempted to retard the development of the country.

“History has confirmed more than once that those who are motivated by anti-Communism unavoidably violate the sacred rights of the entire nation, strike blows against all the genuinely democratic and patriotic forces of their country, serve the interests of reaction, and weaken the unity of the nation in defense of its interest against the enchoachments of imperialism. No wonder that the saturnalia of anti-Communist terror has called forth the exultation of imperialist reaction throughout the entire world.

“The Communists of the Soviet Union, all Soviet people, are profoundly interested in the fate of the friendly Iraqi people, are disturbed by the situation which has arisen in Iraq. Together with all of the world’s progressive public opinion they angrily protest against the injustified mass repressions of Iraq . . . We are firmly convinced that a policy of lawlessness and brigandage and the destruction of the best sons of the Iraqi people will end in failure. The freedom-loving people of Iraq will find the strength to repel this brutal reaction by their united and active intervention. (Signed) Central Committee, Communist Party of the Soviet Union.“-Published in Pravda, Feb. 17, 1963.

Khrushchev Scores Soviet Writers, Artists N. S. Khrushchev, in his speech at a meeting of Party

and Government leaders with Soviet writers and artists on March 8, 1963 (reported in Pravda March IO) said in part:

“We would like to have our principles well under- stood by all, especially those who are trying to impose upon us peaceful coexistence in the area of ideology. . . . He who advocates the idea of peaceful coexistence in ideology is objectively slipping down to the position of anti-communism. The enemies of communism would like our ideological disarmament. And they are trying to achieve their insidious goal through the propaganda of peaceful coexistence of ideologies with the aid of that Trojan horse they would be glad to place among us. . . .

“The press and radio, literature, painting, music, cinema, theater-are the sharp, ideological weapon of OUT Party. And the Party takes care that this weapon is always ready for battle and is well aimed at striking down the enemy. The Party will not allow anybody to dull it or to weaken its effectiveness. . . .

“Soviet literature and art are developing under the direct guidance of the Communist Party and its Central Committee. . . .”

, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST FRONT CONFERENCES

d3 COUNC~.MEETINGOFTHE WPC SPFUNG WORLDPEACECOUNCU

WPC dates from a “World Congress of Intellectuals for Peace” in 194.8 at Wroclaw, Poland, at which the “International Liaison Committee of Intellec- tuals” was established. It called the First World Peace Congress in Paris in 194, and this launched the “World Committee of Partisans of Peace” which, in November 1950, was renamed the World Peace Council. The WPC has attracted many neu- tralists, pacifists and left-wing socialists. The diver- sity of its membership has, however, led to special difficulties and its officers have had trouble keeping the membership in line with Soviet policy. In 1951 the WPC was expelled from its Paris Headquarters for “fiftll column activities” and moved to Prague, and in 1954 to Vienna; despite Austrian protests it established itself under the protection of Soviet oc- cupation authorities until banned by independent Austria in 1957. WPC now has no official head- quarters, but in practice its business is conducted by a new organization, the International Institute for Peace (IIP), established in Vienna in 1957.

MAY 6-12

CONFERENCEONWOMW WPTU Bucharest Woaxaas PROBLEMS WFTU (World Federation of Trade Unions; see Communist Affairs, Vol. I, No. 3, page 6). Ironical- ly, the British Trade Union Congress (TUC) took the initiative in setting up the WFTU between 1943 and 1945, but it rapidly was dominated by Communists. In 1949 the American CIO, the Brit- ish TUC, and the Dutch NVV withdrew from WFTU and set up the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) with headquarters in Brussels.

MAY ~THINTERNATI~NAL WFTU Moscow 20-25 CONFERENCE OF

cHEMIcALwo~w'TuI The Trade Union Internationals are organizations of workers by trade or craft. Their policies are closely controlled by the WFTU. They number 13 and most of them were set up in lg@ and 1950 as a counter to the International Trade Secretariats (ITS), which are associated with the ICFTU.

MAY AFRICANCONFERENCE WFTU Conakry OFAGRICULTURAL Woaxxas

JUNE ~THCONGRE~SOFTFLE WIDF Moscow 24-29 WOMEN’S INTERNAIY~NAL

DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION About 1,000 delegates will discuss activities since the 4th Congress (1958)) including such matters as safeguarding peace and the rights of women and children. WIDF affiliates are sponsoring many free trips for delegates from Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

JUNE ZND INTERNATIONAL JULY CONFERENCE OF COMMERCLG

Wos~xas TUI The Secretariat of this TUI voted to hold this Con- ference, the place and exact date to be fixed in consultation with WFTU.

JULY ~THINTEIUTATI~NAL Moscow co-CE OF MINERS’ TUI

SEPT. 4.m INTERNATIONAL WFIU Budapest 24-28 CONFERENCE OF BUILDING

Woaxws’ TUI

“Nobody Seems to Laugh Any More” Jacques Marcuse, writing from Peking for the Sun-

day Times, London, of Jan. 6, 1963, observed as follows: “To an old Chinese friend who asked me shortly after

my arrival here what my impressions of the new Peking were, I answered, ‘nobody seems to laugh any more.’ He gave me a beautifully Chinese retort:

“ ‘In the old days,’ he said, ‘people were so miserable they had to joke all the time to forget their woes. Now they are happy.’

“Are you sure?” I queried. “ ‘You can see for yourself,’ he said. ‘They no longer

laugh.’ ”

Ho: ‘let Us Advance to New Victories” In his statement broadcast by Radio Hanoi Feb. 4

1963 on the occasion of the 33rd anniversary of the North Vietnamese Communist Party, Premier Ho Chi Minh emphasized Party growth during the past 33 years from a few isolated groups to a powerful vanguard corps comprising over $oo,ooo party members. Ho paid trib- ute equally to Russia and Red China for their “sym- pathy” and “support” and laid down the current in- digenous party line, emphasizing the necessity of supporting two party movements:

I) “The movement to raise further the spirit of responsibility, to strengthen further economic and fi- nancial management; to reorganize our working meth- ods, and to combat corruption, waste and bureaucracy.

2) The movement to improve management and tech- niques, to step up agricultural production so as to achieve bumper, all-round crops.”

Soviet Press Scores Ukrainian Independence Day Pravda of Jan. 26, 1963, reprinted with approval a

feature article by F. Makivchuk in Radyanska Ukraina (Soviet Ukraine), Jan. 24, 1963. A portion of the article is as follows:

“The Americans have a saying: Every dog has his day. Jan. 22 was such a day of rejoicing-true enough, ephemeral and transitory-for the unliquidated Ban- derist cut-throats, Petlurist trash and all kinds of other enrig& rascals beyond the far blue ocean. By order of the Governor of New York, Nelson Rockefeller, that day was proclaimed the Ukraine’s Independence Day. It was an ‘historical’ (or rather, hysterical) day! What was done, what happened-Lord help us! Sodom and Gomorrah! Sodom and Gomorrah! From early morning on, the radio announced that in the state capital, Al- bany, the great people’s assembly (vyeche) was con- voked . . .

“ ‘Vyeche in Albany! Observance of the great day in our history! Let’s go! They say that the police will pay every one who shows up seven dollars!

“So like a grey rope the entire wandering Clite rushed to Albany: senile atanzans and asthmatic kuren colonels and centurions, crazy ‘philosophs,’ gouty landowners, and choleric OUNO (Ed: Ukrainian Anti-Communist Patriotic Organization) bandits . . .

“The governor hardly managed to say: ‘We express our deep sympathy for the hopes of liberation of the

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Ukrainian people,’ when the hall thundered with ‘Long live! . . . ’ ‘Hurrah! . . .’ ‘Long live ouc bat’ko (little father) Rockefeller!’

“Melting in the wamlth of such honors, Mister Nel- son Rockefeller blushed. ‘We are always ready to help the Ukraine to liberate itself!’ shouted this freshly- baked ‘liberator.’ And the assembly again thundered ‘Hurrah! Long live our glorious ataman bat’ko Rocke- fellerenko!’

“At the same time in the capital, Washington, D. C., the statesmen of America, their sights raised high, com- muned with the all-highest. The session of the U.S. Senate opened with prayer. They prayed for the Ukrainian people, for its liberty and independence. While praying they were looking, as they say, at their neighbor’s chickens. While praying, they were seeing in their dreams our fruitful lands, our mines, our fac- tories. Ekh, if it were only possible to lay hands on it all! . . . Rivers of gold would flow into the safes! . . . In the silence many of these statesmen of America clearly heard the hoarse voice of the late Dulles: ‘Come on, brothers, blow it up! The cold war is as dear to us as our own mother! . . .’ ”

America’s Problem Called Imperialist Exploitation The official paper of Castro’s 26th of July movement,

Revohcion, on Jan. g greeted editorially the Congress of Women of the Americas held in Havana Jan. I l-15,

1963 (see: Communist Afhzirs, Vol. I, No. 4, p. 9). The editorial said in part:

“For the first time United States and Canadian women will hear from dark and native mouths the story of their daily work . . . will feel the embrace of people who speak Guarani . . . of people who dem- onstrate in their words and hearts the fraternity that unites them with those who in the northern lands wage similar struggles and feel the same anxieties. For the first time the Guatemalan or Ecuadorian Indians, the Colombian peasants, the Mexican professionals, the workers of Argentina and Uruguay, the workers of Brazil, the housewives, the mothers, the students of all America will hear in English the same ideas and thoughts espoused by the people of Central and South America-thoughts which provoke the ire of dictators. These dictators fill the jails with men, women and children, and mercilessly torture those who convert their cry of rebellion into action and those who raise their voices in solidarity with the Cuban revolution.

“And they, too, the women of the United States and Canada, will have to face on their return to their coun- tries the ire of those who fear losing their power, those who are frightened at thinking that the eyes of the Indians, which until now have been half closed, will open to rebellion and their gnarled hands will clasp those of the peasants and workers of the north in order to follow in union the new and different road-the road of liberation. . . . Comrades from Europe, Asia and Africa . . . the basic element of society, women . . . exchanging their ideas . . . comparing their experi- ences . . . will sense that the problems of some are the same as those of others, since in America the great and only problem is imperialist exploitation.”