TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS

AMBARIN S.A BASEER

317079

WHAT IS AN OPERATING SYSTEM?

• An operating system (OS) is a set of programs that manage computer hardware resources and provide common services for application software.

• The operating system is the most important type of system software in a computer system. A user cannot run an application program on the computer without an operating system.

PREVIOUS VERSIONS OF OS:

• REAL TIME• MULTI-TASKING Vs SINGLE

TASKING• DISTRIBUTED• EMBEDDED

MODERN OS TYPES:

• UNIX AND UNIX-LIKE OPERATING SYSTEMS• AMIGA OS• MICROSOFT WINDOWS

UNIX:

• Ken Thompson wrote Unix, based on his experience in the MULTICS project. B was replaced by C, and Unix developed into a large, complex family of inter-related operating systems which have been influential in every modern operating system .

• The Unix-like family is a diverse group of operating systems, with several major sub-categories including System V, BSD, and GNU/Linux.

AMIGA OS:• Amiga OS is the default native operating system of the

Amiga personal computer. It was developed first by the Amiga Corporation then sold to Commodore International , and initially introduced in 1985.

• AmigaOS can be divided into two parts: the Kickstart (ROM) and Workbench disks.

• Kickstart is the bootstrap ROM. The Kickstart contains the code needed to boot standard Amiga hardware and many of the core components of Amiga OS.

• Workbench is the native graphical desktop environment for the Amiga computer. Workbench is not the operating system, it's just a desktop environment running on top of Amiga OS

MICROSOFT WINDOWS:

• Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft .Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20. The most recent client version of Windows is Windows 7.

REAL TIME:

• A real-time operating system is a multitasking operating system that aims at executing real-time applications.

• Real-time operating systems often use specialized scheduling algorithms so that they can achieve a deterministic nature of behavior.

• The main objective of real-time operating systems is their quick and predictable response to events

MULTI TASKING Vs SINGLE TASKING:

• When only a single program is allowed to run at a time, the system is grouped under a single-tasking system.

• when the operating system allows the execution of multiple tasks at one time, it is classified as a multi-tasking operating system.

• Multi-tasking can be of two types: pre-emptive or co-operative. In pre-emptive multitasking, the operating system slices the CPU time and dedicates one slot to each of the programs.

• Unix-like operating systems such as Solaris and Linux support pre-emptive multitasking.

DISTRIBUTED:

• A distributed operating system manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer.

• The development of networked computers that could be linked and communicate with each other gave rise to distributed computing.

• Distributed computations are carried out on more than one machine.

EMBEDDED:

• Embedded operating systems are designed to be used in embedded computer systems.

• They are designed to operate on small machines like PDAs with less autonomy.

• They are able to operate with a limited number of resources. They are very compact and extremely efficient by design.

• Windows CE and Minix 3 are some examples of embedded operating systems.

COMPONENTS:

• The components of an operating system all exist in order to make the different parts of a computer work together.