NATURE OF DISASTER AND ITS TYPES

S.TEJASWITHA

TAM/2014-01

S

DISASTER

• Disaster is an overwhelming disruption occuring on a scale sufficient to require outside assistance. -PAHO 1980

• Disasters are exceptional events which kill large number of people. -RED CROSS

WHAT IS A DISASTER

• Extreme weather events• Extreme geologic event• Industrial mishaps• Famine• Major populaton displacement

NATURE OF DISASTER

• It may occur suddenly in Time.

• May develop over a period of time.

What disasters would and could effect our community?

MANMADE

NATURAL

Natural and Manmade Disasters

Natural Disasters

Types of Natural Disasters

• Tornadoes• Hurricanes• Earthquakes• Volcanoes • Floods• Tsunamis• Winter Storms• Wildfires• Avalanches• Land slides• Droughts• Cyclones

Tornadoes

• Rotating, funnel-shaped clouds from powerful thunderstorms

• Winds up to 300 MPH capable of producing major damage

• More occur in the United States than anywhere else in the world; they occur in every state in America.

TORNADO

Effects of Tornadoes in Alabama

Tuscaloosa County: December 16, 2000

Hurricanes

• Massive severe storms occurring in the tropics

• Winds greater than 75 MPH• Clouds & winds spin around the eye• Produce heavy rains, high winds, large

waves, and spin-off tornadoes• :

Effects of Alabama Hurricanes

Hurricane Frederick - 1979 Hurricane Ivan 2005

HURRICANE

Earthquakes

• Shaking caused by movements of plates in the earth’s crust

• Occur along faults – borders between two plates

• Occur most often along the Ring of Fire

Volcanoes

• More than 500 active volcanoes in the world; over half in the Ring of Fire

• Pressure builds below the earth’s surface producing eruptions of lava, rock, and volcanic gases

Volcano

Floods

• Result from heavy rains• May involve rivers overflowing, storm

surge/ocean waves, & dams or levees breaking

• Most common natural hazard• Flashfloods = floods that happen

very fast

FLASH FLOODS

FLOODS

Tsunamis

• Form as a result of earthquakes, volcanoes, or landsides under the ocean

• Waves grow taller as they reach the coast• Four out of Five occur in the Ring of Fire• Over 200,000 people killed in the 12/26/05

Indian Ocean tsunami

Effects of TsunamisIndian Ocean Tsunami – December 26, 2005

Winter Storms

• May include snow, ice storms, sleet, freezing rain, and extremely cold temperatures

• Most deaths occur in automobiles• Storms may cause widespread power

outages

Wildfires

• Occur in forests, grasslands, and wooded areas

• Most common causes: lightning and human accidents

• Burn more than 4 million acres in the U.S. each year

Wildfires

Man-Made Disasters

• Biological• Chemical• Nuclear• Radiological• Explosions

Biological Threats

• A biological attack is a release of germs or other biological substances. Many agents must be inhaled, enter through a cut in the skin or be eaten to make you sick. Some biological agents can cause contagious diseases, others do not.

• Anthrax virus,Ebola virus.

Chemical Threats

• A chemical attack is the deliberate release of a toxic gas, liquid or solid that can poison people and the environment.

• Chemical spills can also wreak havoc on the environment.

• Ex:Bhopal tragedy a toxic gas is released i.e; methyl iso cyanide.

Nuclear Threats• Nuclear threat that occur recently in

japan.• Che mobyl nuclear accident.

Radiation Threats• .

• It is NOT a nuclear blast.

• The force of the explosion and radioactive contamination.

will be more localized.

SOME OTHER EXAMPLES OF MAN MADE DISASTERS.

• Hiroshima and nagasaki atomic blast.• Open oil spills in gulf of mexico.

•THANK YOU