TWO YEARS IN PRINT.SAME OLD QUESTION

Is there anybody out there…?

UFO DATA Magazine celebratesits first year as a glossy maga-zine and its second year in printwith this issue.

Thank you all from everyonehere at UFO DATA for your con-tinued support.

We have a very specialannouncement to make withthis issue, but more about thatlater.

It has been an interesting year,with several significant UFOevents taking place:

Sixty years of Roswell is amajor milestone and one cele-brated at our 2007 conference(review inside).

Commercial pilot, Ray Bowyer,reported seeing a huge unex-plained object over the holidayisland of Guernsey and severalgood sightings from around theworld.

Thanks to our varied team ofassociates, UFO DATA gets theopportunity to publish articlesthat rest on the fringe of ufolo-gy or the unexplained and wehope to continue to publishsimilar reports and research inthe coming years.

Christmas is coming, so makethe most of it as we look for-ward to your company in 2008.

4 RUSSIA’S UFO SECRETSMore from Philip Mantle & Paul S tonehill

9 Fairyt ales or AliensFeature writer Brian Allan explores ‘Fairyland’

14 ROSWELL 60 CONFERENCEWhat a success!!! S teve Johnson reviews the event s

31 Apollo 20 ControversyDid NASA launch further moonshot s to the darkside?

36 WWII UFOsCover feature from S teve Johnson

40 DC Gary Heseltine Report sGary joins UFO DA TA in January , heres his first report

45 Col. Jesse Marcel Jr .Philip Mantle spent time with Jesse during his UK trip.

Stories, Features, News and Reviews cont ained across68 info p acked p ages, this is UFO DATA...

UFO DATA MAGAZINE®Editor Russel CallaghanFeatures Philip Mantle

Research Steve JohnsonSystems Michael Buckley

Printed by MPC Enfield UKElectronic version published by UFOTV e-Publishing www.UFOTV.com

It has not gone unnoticed that, inrecent years, UFO sightings have notbeen as prevalent as in years goneby.

That said, this subject is not a pre-dictable science. Sightings, encoun-ters and reports happen when theyhappen and, in some cases, that canbe years apart.

Even less in abundance are sightingsaccompanied by quality film evi-dence and even rarer than hen'steeth are those sightings caught oncamera whose source is undeniable. Ithink back to all the wonderful NASAevents captured out of the blue byenthusiasts such as Martyn Stubbs orJeff Challender.

Well, the images above are con-firmed still frames from a militarytraining exercise, recorded overIsrael. We know the footage isauthentic as it was acquired by the

BBC to be includ-ed in a newsreport. Thatreport can beviewed online inits entirety at theBBC News websiteor via YouTube.

Links to the clipwill be publishedat the end of thisitem.

The case wasbrought to my attention by a sharp-eyed researcher, Ben Lydiatt, fromOxfordshire, and then the frameanalysis was done by our own SteveJohnson.

When Brett rang me, I viewed thefootage whilst he was still on thephone. He pointed me to the twosequences that appear to show anunusual object flying close to thehigh-speed jet fighters.

The camera that was used to recordthe clips was mounted inside thecockpit of one of the jets. I was warynot to get too excited by what thefilm showed, simply because thecamera was filming behind thecurved, glass canopy of the plane andI immediately thought of reflectionsor distortions of the images whenfilmed this way.

However, on watching the sequence

carefully, other objects shot throughthis canopy show little distortion andare easily recognisable as other air-craft. So what are we looking at?

Initially, UFO DATA's Steve Johnsonposted a link to the clip on a differentarea of our forum and at that point,he too suspected distortions throughthe canopy, but on further examina-tion of the film, frame-by-frame dis-section revealed an aircraft clearlypassing in front of this cigar-shapedobject.

One thing that was mentioned in thenews report was that at the end ofthe actual mission, the flight wouldjettison spent fuel pods from theiraircraft.

Remember, the film is a trainingmission, so it would be extremelywasteful dumping fuel pods in thedesert, not to mention dangerous torelease them in the flight path ofother members of your squadron. Whatever we are seeing in the filmmakes for interesting viewing, butplease see the clips for yourself at thefollowing addresses:

www.ufodata.co.uk/forum

www.bbc.co.uk/player/nol/newsid_7000000/newsid_7005800/7005856.stm?bw=bb&mp=rm&nol_sto-ryid=7005856&news=1

Let us know what you think…

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Since the fall of the Soviet Union,researchers have made many claimsabout the former regime and its UFOsecrets. Hollywood even got involvedwhen former James Bond, RogerMoore, fronted the absolutely terri-ble KGB Files, a 90-minute docu-mentary claiming to blow the lid offUFO secrecy from behind the IronCurtain.

What transpired was the producersof the show offered hamburgers andUS Greenbacks to now streetwiseRussian citizens, who had veryquickly learned how to become mini-capitalists and were selling anythingand everything they could get theirhands on. It’s a wonder Lenin’smoustache wasn’t put up for auctionon eBay, because you could buy mostother things.

However, there is one UFOresearcher that has managed to keepa level head since his country’s new-found freedom happened. In fact, henow resides in the United States.Paul Stonehill is a good friend andco-author with our features editor,Philip Mantle, and it is that partner-ship that brings this feature article toUFO DATA Magazine...

SETKA: A SECRET SOVIET UFORESEARCH PROGRAM

DAWN OF THE SECRET PROGRAM

By Paul Stonehill & Philip Mantle

A sharp increase in UFO activity in1977-1978 (especially, thePetrozavodsk Case) had forcedappropriate departments within theUSSR Academy of Sciences to agreeto a research program for anomalousatmospheric phenomena. The codename for this program was SETKA-AN (Akademii Nauk Set'--Academyof Sciences Net, or AS-NET.)

The Soviet Ministry of Defenseembarked on a similar program,dubbed SETKA-MO (MinisterstvaOboroni Set').

Reportedly, it was the Military-Industrial Commission that hadordered this research. The powerfulMilitary-Industrial Commissiondecided to create two UFO researchcenters, one in the USSR Academy ofSciences, the other in the USSRDefense Ministry. Both centers aidedeach other's research and exchangedinformation. But we are not com-

pletely certain; there have beenreports from Russia that YuriAndropov, the chairman of the KGBfrom 1967 to 1982, and the GeneralSecretary of the Communist Party ofthe Soviet Union from 1982 to 1984,was extremely interested in the UFOphenomenon (specifically, in onecase investigated by SETKAresearchers). He had enough powerto give impetus to the creation of thesecret program.

And so, at the end of 1978, anom-alous phenomena research in the

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USSR Academy of Sciences becamethe subject of a special scientificresearch program designated asSETKA-AN. Its functions were dis-tributed among different depart-ments, and a number of Sovietresearch institutes of the USSRAcademy of Sciences received tasksto research various aspects of theanomalous phenomenon issue.

On the 18th of October 1978, a meet-ing took place in the Academy ofSciences, USSR. Those presentincluded Vladimir VasilyevichMigulin, Georgiy StepanovichNarimanov, Rem GennadiyevichVarlamov, Victor Petrovich Balashov,Vladimir Ivanovich Volga, A. N.Makarov, Inna EvgraphovnaPetrenko, Evgeniy Pavlovich Chigin,Dmitry Aleksandrovich Men'kov,Zaytsev (a colonel of the Soviet anti-aircraft forces), Lev MironovichGindilis, Inna GennadyevnaPetrovskaya, and Yury VictorovichPlatov.

By the way, according to Dr.Fomenko, a famous Russian UFOresearcher, a group of 10 or 15researchers who later formed theSETKA core, regularly met outsidetheir work to discuss the UFO phe-nomenon.

In 1981, the SETKA research pro-gram was given another name,Galaktika (MO and AN designa-tions), and in 1986, the name waschanged to Gorizont MO and AN.After the program ended (right afterthe failed Communist, anti-Gorbachev attempted coup in 1991,although Colonel Kolchin, a notedRussian UFO researcher, mentionedthe year of 1990), a group of expertsremained in the Department ofGeneral Physics and Astronomy ofthe Russian Academy of Scienceswhere they analyzed incomingreports until 1996.

THE PLAYERS

We know today that at the historicmeeting Migulin and Platov repre-sented the Izmiran (the Academy ofSciences USSR Institute ofTerrestrial Magnetism and Diffusionof Radio Waves). Narimanov andPetrovskaya represented theAcademy of Sciences USSR Institutefor Space Studies. Varlamov repre-

sented the Moscow TechnologicalInstitute. Balashov and Volga repre-sented the secret military unit 67947.Makarov represented theDepartment of General Physics andAstronomy of the Academy ofSciences USSR. Gindilis representedthe Shternberg State AstronomicalInstitute. We are not sure who theother participants represented at themeeting. This was the genesis of theSETKA programs, a fundamentalresearch of anomalous phenomenain the Soviet Union. The main agencyof the research was to be theIzmiran. Platov was to be the chiefexecutive at the Izmiran for theSETKA-AN. We cannot quote thecomplete document here, but weneed to mention several crucialpoints. The Ministry of Defense wasworried about the effects of anom-alous phenomena; such effects inter-fered with its work. Balashov men-tioned that the priority of researchshould go to the periodically generat-ed phenomena. He later said thatthere was no confirmation of sight-ings by either Soviet or Americancosmonauts or astronauts (theyobserved containers, he added;meaning that the objects they sawwere not UFOs).

Discussions about the organizationaldetails were, too, very interesting (anHQ is needed at the Academy ofSciences; Platov, the CEO, was toprovide it; Migulin promised to"organize" rooms in Moscow;Gindilis mentioned the centralarchives and the catalogue in onecentral place). Varlamov mentionedthat there are 3000 reports comingin each year from general population.Migulin was against Gindilis's idea of

a central storage place of the data.Volga stated that the sources of pri-mary information included theMinistry of Defense, the Ministry ofthe Interior Affairs, and TASS.

According to Dr. Fomenko, Migulinwas chosen to lead the programwhile he was absent…no one elsewanted to touch the dangerous sub-ject.

In 1978, it was K. Ivanov, the deputychief of the General Staff of theSoviet Navy (and chief of the NavalIntelligence) who was ordered toresearch the UFO phenomenon.

THERE ARE NO UFOS…

One of the first acts of the SETKA-AN (according to Yuri Striganov,well-known Russian researcher)resulted in official sanction of"anomalous atmospheric phenome-na" as a descriptive term instead ofthe forbidden "UFO." The censorshipchains on the UFO subject wereremoved in 1989.

The well-planned tasks of the SETKAprograms had a terrifyingly effectiveimpact. According to Stroganov, the"Academic Commission" did its bestto prove there are no UFOs, onlyerrors in observation of rocketlaunches, or at the very least, balllightning.

SETKA-AN served as a powerfulcover, creating a distraction awayfrom the workings of the Ministry ofDefense, whose SETKA-MO is said tohave been, or is, more serious in itsinvestigations than the academicgroup. Despite the SETKA's noncha-lance there had been occasions when"anomalous phenomena" had led tothe unauthorized launches of mobilemissiles, and on other occasions, theappearance of UFOs during militarytraining exercises had resulted in thebreakdown of radio communicationsand equipment malfunctions.

There had also been reports frommilitary personnel including seniorofficers, about the strange conduct ofUFOs over Soviet missile bases andcosmodromes.

Scientific arguments regarding thenature of UFOs had been the least ofthe military researchers' concerns;

Above: A shuttle booster is recovered.There are few images of such space

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they did, however, pay close atten-tion to the hypothesis that UFOs aremanifestations of an ET civilization.Most of all, they have been con-cerned with UFOs' impact on mili-tary technology and on personnel;such impact could be quite unpre-dictable.

INSTRUCTIONS AND APPEALS

The Guidelines for the Soviet Navyhad been dated March 7, 1980, andsigned by Deputy Commander of theMain HQ of the Navy, Vice AdmiralSaakyan. A well-known Russian ufol-ogist, Valdimir Ajaja, who at the timehad problems with the Communistideologues and officials because ofhis UFO research, was given protec-tion and work by his friends in theNavy; he helped with the writing ofthe Instruction.

Instructions regarding the proce-dures to collect information aboutanomalous phenomena data collec-tion in the atmosphere and spacewere sent to various Soviet depart-ments and organizations. The ordercame from the Department ofGeneral Physics and Astronomy ofthe USSR Academy of Sciences.Nedelya newspaper published anappeal by V. Migulin and Y. Platov tothose who have sighted unusual phe-nomena to first determine on sitewhether the observed object was notan astronomical or another familiarobject. If it was not conventional innature, then to describe the objectthoroughly, and send the report tothe Department of General Physicsand Astronomy of the USSRAcademy of Sciences.

As Y. Platov and B. Sokolov state intheir History of State-directed UFO

Research in the USSR, a decision wasmade to keep the programs secret.The justification was a necessity toensure "abatement of publicresponse". There were three reasonsfor that, according to both apologistsfor this Inquisition-like approach toUFO phenomena research:

Programs formally belonged to activ-ities pertaining defense-related sub-jects; initial assumption that there isa high probability of military-techni-cal origin of the observed strangephenomena; and possibilities that incase of successful completion of theraised tasks some of the UFO charac-teristics could be used for militarypurposes.

CONTROVERSY

We do not believe that Platov andSokolov's publication is truthful. Forexample, look at their insistence thatthere were virtually no reports ofanomalous phenomena from militaryobjects at or next to secret testingareas and ranges. This is simply nottrue, for Soviet UFO researchersreported a number of such sightings.Y. Platov and B. Sokolov (the latterhad somewhat different opinionswhen he discussed his work withGeorge Knapp, a noted Americanjournalist in 1993) were official par-ticipants and leaders of the pro-grams. Also, both authors admit thatbecause scarce funding was availablefor their programs, and necessaryequipment to research such phenom-ena as large-sized plasma structuresin the atmosphere was not available,their methods could not be foolproof.

Basically, information was collected,and analyzed, and some physicalmodels of observed phenomena were

developed. But eventhis assertion seemsto be untrue. Theirpublication was crit-icized by Russianand Ukrainian ufol-ogists, and applaud-ed by seasoneddebunkers. There isobviously an agendato denigrate inde-pendent UFOresearch, and notsome "secret KGBfiles", as the authorsstate in the publica-

tion. It would be very decent on theirpart to inform Russian and other for-mer Soviet ufologists as to wheretheir archives are located (if there areany left), so that perhaps a joint com-mission could be formed, and reportsresearched again. We are not askingthat a foreign representation beincluded, for there may be defensesecrets in the archives of reports thatspanned over 13 years. But we do notthink that Platov and Sokolov shouldbe allowed to dismiss Soviet and CISUFO phenomenon with their publi-cation. Actually, such prominent par-ticipants in the programs as ColonelA. A. Plaksin (liaison between themilitary and the academic programs)have recently confirmed the UFOincident in 1982 (when a nuclear warwas almost triggered because thelaunch codes for the Soviet ICBMshad been bafflingly enabled just asthe gigantic UFO appeared over thesecret ICBM base in Ukraine).Although Boris Sokolov for yearsreported the same, he has laterchanged his story. We believe it is A.A. Plaksin who should be the author-ity in the cases investigated by themilitary SETKA program; or thehead of the program, GeneralBalashov. By the way, ColonelPlaksin nowadays is the leadingparanormal phenomena expert of theRussian Defense Ministry.

REVELATIONS OF COLONELPLAKSIN

And he is quite outspoken about theSETKA program (September 8 and15, 2000, REN-TV program titledVoyennaya Tayna or Military Secret).A most curious article was publishedin Komsomol'skaya Prvada newspa-per on 31st May 2002. The authorwas Andrey Pavlov, and its title isUFOs helped Americans create superweapons. Aleksandr Plaksin, whowas interviewed, is called a militarygeophysicist. In the article Plaksin"reveals" several interesting develop-ments.

1. Many recent achievements of theAmerican military-industrial com-plex have been generated in the labsdedicated to the research of paranor-mal phenomena. 2. "Aliens" have nothing to do withAmerican advanced technology (i.e.,Stealth). 3. In his 15 years of UFO research A.

KLAS TV reporter, George Knappoutside the gates of Area 51

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Plaksin had never obtained directproof that there are alien civilizationsactive on our planet. 4. Americans have researched UFOssince 1954 (U.S. Air Force), and since1974 they have operated a secret sci-entific research center to studyanomalous phenomena and UFOsthrough the use of a special Earth-based station. Hence, they (theAmericans) were able to create asuper weapon. (A. Plaksin goes into terrifyingdetails, but basically his aim is todenigrate American HAARP, futureU.S. policies, etc.) 5. A. Plaksin describes the creation ofthe Soviet program(s) to study theanomalous phenomena from 1978on. 6. A. Plaksin goes into fascinatingdetails; the information after all,came from Soviet military branches,the Navy, the border guards, anti-air-craft units, etc. Some of the informa-tion revealed in the interview inKomsomol'skaya Pravda containsfascinating details of a sighting fromthe Borisoglebsk airfield (the immo-bile black cloud). This case isdescribed below.

This is of great interest; there havebeen other very strange "clouds" overthe former USSR and Russia; suchcases are mentioned throughoutMysterious Sky: Soviet UFOPhenomenon (2006).

7. A. Plaksin mentions the infamousand very dangerous 1982 case (andgives the correct date; it was the 4thof October, not the 5th; and nothingother than a UFO almost triggered anuclear war).

8. A. Plaksin states that there wereno UFO crashes in Kazakhstan in1978; no secret storage for UFO frag-ments in Mitische (Moscow area), nosuper secret storage in NovayaZemlya.

A. Plaksin also mentions that the lab-oratory he worked with after 1978was created at the military scientificresearch institute TSNII-22. Hestarted there as a junior scientist in1979, and gradually became itssupervisor, until 1991, when the pro-gram was disbanded due to the lackof funds. It would be great to com-pare his information to that providedby such respectable former Soviet

military officers as GhermanKolchin, Lev Ovsischer, and others.Gershtein, Subbotin, Chernobrovshould also be heard, for theirresearch skills are diverse and vast.

9. A. Plaksin is of the opinion thatthe unidentified objects ("20 per-cent", according to him) are of physi-cal origin that is still unknown to us.Our laws of physics cannot explainsuch objects. The rest of the caseshave to do with UFOs that are of theplasma formation, quite natural inorigin. The methodology used bySoviet military scientists allowedthem to juxtapose Sun's conditionand the timing of UFO appearances.They had determined that under cer-tain conditions a stream of solarradiation penetrates the Earth pro-tective magnetic field and assumesvery diverse forms, causing influenceon measuring devices and people. Hementions two fascinating episodes(1977 and 1981).

10. Although A. Plaksin states thatmost likely there are no aliens onEarth, he also mentions that becauseof military secrecy he cannot revealeverything he knows.

11. Among other projects carried outby the military UFO research lab A.Plaksin worked in was the creation ofthe USSR anomalous zones map.There have been dozens of suchzones. The most important ones werein the Ust'-Koksin area of the AltaiMountainous Autonomous region;the Zarevshan area; the Borisoglebskarea; the Plesetsk area of theArkhangelsk region; theDzerdzhinsky area of theNizhegorodsk region; the Shaturskyarea near Moscow.

12. The military institute authorizedto study UFOs had cooperated withother institutes of the RussianScience Academy to create a numberof super sensitive equipment forUFO research. The equipmentallowed them to estimate the size ofUFOs, density, and their speeds.According to A. Plaksin, the Sovietmilitary scientists also learned topredict UFO waves.

13. They never worked with any con-tactees. They were only interested inthe official reports from Soviet mili-tary units; the reports were to be

measured by military technologicalequipment. Plaksin, obviously, isrevealing more information, piece-meal. There is more to be learnedfrom him, we hope, in the future.

Scientists in the Novosibirsk"Akademgorodok", a powerful sci-ence center in Siberia, conducted thefirst data processing of UFO sight-ings by Soviet computers. The actualcalculations were performed in theInstitute of Mathematics of theSiberian Branch of the SovietAcademy of Sciences. They usedEVM ES 1022 computers. This wasdone in the framework of theSETKA-AN. Mikhail Gershtein has acopy of this historic attempt to studyUFO data; the report consists of 45pages of graphs and formulas.

Plaksin never discussed the mysteri-ous "Arkhangelsk Dust" in his inter-views, but he knew about it, as doesV. Fomenko. Soviet scientists fromthe SETKA, as well as Novosibirskcame to Arkhangelsk to study thephenomenon. Arkhangelsk Region issituated in the North-West of theEuropean part of Russia. Its shores,three thousand kilometers long, arewashed by cold waters of three Arcticseas: the White, Barents and KaraSea. We could not get more details ofthe mysterious event. We do knowfrom Mikhail Gershtein's interviewwith V. Fomenko that Plaksin gavethe elderly researcher some notesand information he had kept in hisapartment

Overall, Russian ufologists are notcertain what had actually been"caught" by the SETKA-MO. TheInstructions signed by Saakyan men-tion two military units where themost serious UFO data collected wasto be telegraphed to immediately:Unit 67947 (Mitischi city, Moscowregion), and Unit 62728 (Leningrad)."Serious" data concerned the follow-ing: physical traces of anomalousphenomena, death of military per-sonnel (as a result of contacts withthe anomalous phenomena), andbreakdown of technology.

We are not certain about the fate ofthe Krasny Kut unidentified phe-nomena secret archives of theMinistry of Defense that (accordingto retired Colonel Gherman Kolchin,a respected UFO researcher and

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author) were kept at the secret test-ing site in the Saratov region.According to Kolchin, ColonelSokolov had burned those reportsthat were not sold (400 most intrigu-ing cases) to the American ufologistswho visited Moscow in 1993. Also, according to Kolchin, back in1997, one of the scientists involvedwith the program had confirmed thatMigulin's commission virtuallystopped its activities. The same situa-tion was in the Ministry of Defense.

And yet, Russia of 2007 is very dif-ferent from Russia of 1997. PresidentPutin and his government may havea radically different view of the UFOphenomenon and its effects on theArmed Forces. Perhaps, some day wewill find out whether other programsare active now. Nikolay Subbotin, anactive Russian UFO researcher fromthe RUFORS organization, men-tioned that in the summer of 2002he discussed the subject with a cap-tain from the strategic rocket forces.Captain Murtazin mentioned that in2001 he had seen a special registra-tion log for anomalous atmosphericphenomena (the same one that theSETKA had introduced in the late1970s). That log contained recententries, and the watch officer veryefficiently sent the reports to a spe-cial military center that only he hadinformation about….That means thatthe research program was eitherrevived…or was never really termi-nated.

SOME OF THE SETKA CASES

1974, BOROSOGLEBSK AREAThe area is also named by A. Plaksinas one of the most important anom-alous zones of the former USSR. Thatyear a very interesting case tookplace at the Povorino airfield. Amotionless black cloud appearedover the site. It was hovering at thealtitude of seven kilometers. It wasapproximately a kilometer and a halflong. The radar below indicated thatit was an aircraft. A jet was sent tointercept it; there were two fliersaboard. As soon as they entered thecloud, a sharp siren pierced their hel-met's earpieces. The sound was pow-erful, above "pain threshold". At thesame time their onboard device illu-minated the "dangerous altitude"reading, and the aircraft startedshaking violently. The pilots were

barely able to shut down the powerand with great difficulties guide theaircraft out of the cloud. The cloudhovered over the airfield for fourhours, and then disappeared. TheSoviets were never able to determinewhat that "cloud" was or consistedof.

1981, Mukachevo, UkraineAgain, we have A. Plaksin to thankfor the information about the case. Ittook place on September 14, 1981. AMIG-23 jet was conducting a trainingflight. And a fiery sphere appearedfrom nowhere, right in front of theaircraft. The front part of the jet wasdestroyed. The pilot had time to ejecthimself from the cockpit. A. Plaksinclaimed that such incidents werenever explained by his military UFOresearch.

October, 1982Reports received from Russia indi-cate that Soviet Colonel BorisSokolov investigated the case, and onOctober 5, 1982, he was sent toUkraine. Sokolov knew quite a lotabout UFOs, as he was involved inthe information collection and analy-sis per the Instruction. The reason hewas summoned to the Soviet Ukrainewas an urgent report from an ICBMbase, sent to the Chief of GeneralStaff. On October 4th, a UFO wasobserved in the area; it remainedthere for about four hours. But thecontrol panel indicated that an ordercame in to prepare launch of the basemissiles. Lights actually lit up on thepanel, and launch codes enabled themissiles; there were many officerspresent that witnessed the incidentthat could have started a nuclearwar. Apparently Boris Sokolov's teamcame to the conclusion that it wasthe UFO that bears responsibility forarming Soviet missiles. In the year2000 Sokolov changed his views,perhaps under direct pressure, andcame out against UFO hypothesis inthis and other cases.

This case became famous in the Westyears later. A transcript from ABCNews Prime Time Live dated October5, 1995 describes the segment aboutthe KGB files. David Ensor, a well-known correspondent for the net-work, conducted a five-month inves-tigation of the Soviet UFO files.Dozens of Russian scientists, militaryand government officials had been

interviewed. Ensor found out aboutforty major incidents, including onethat prompted fears of starting anaccidental nuclear war. Ensor's teamalso found out about the Instruction.They viewed awesome footage of ahuge triangular UFO filmed by aSoviet propaganda film crew (mostlikely, it was the so-called Riga UFO,1961 incident). Other reports con-firmed by eyewitnesses proved to beimportant. The incident that almostunleashed a nuclear war took placein 1982, on October 4. The event inquestion took place in the SovietUkraine. That day a huge UFO ofperfect geometrical shape and 900meters in diameter hovered over anearby ballistic missile base.Numerous eyewitnesses confirmedthe sighting to David Ensor. So didLt. Colonel Vladimir Plantonev (weare not certain if this name wasspelled correctly by ABC news), amissile engineer. According to himthe UFO was a noiseless, disc-shapedcraft; it had no portholes, its surfacecompletely even. It made turns, likean airplane would. The missile siloat the base contained a nuclear war-head pointed at the United States. Itwas dismantled in the early 1990's.But in 1982 it was fully functional.Plantonev was in the bunker thatfateful day in 1982. The room con-tained dual control panels for themissile, each of them hooked toMoscow. As the UFO hovered over-head, signal lights on both the con-trol panels suddenly turned on, for ashort period of time. The lights indi-cated that the missiles were prepar-ing for launch. Moscow could haveinitiated such launch, by its trans-mission of special orders. But noorder came from Moscow, and noone at the base pushed any buttons.For 15 long seconds the base simplylost control of its nuclear weapons.Moscow was very much alarmed, andsent an investigation team to verifythe incident. A member of the com-mission, Colonel Igor Chernovshev(we are not certain if this name wasspelled correctly by ABC news), cor-roborated the 1982 incident to DavidEnsor.

Paul Stonehill and Philip MantleCo-authors of Mysterious Sky - SovietUFO Phenomenon (2006) now availablevia Amazon.The authors can be contacted via emailat: philip@mantle8353.fsworld.co.uk &rurcla@hotmail.com.

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The Abduction of the ReverendRobert Kirk

© Brian Allan 2007

This article is adapted from a chapterin paranormal researcher and authorBrian Allan's new book entitled, 'TheHole in The Sky'.

*Note* The abduction of humanbeings by non-terrestrial entities is afar from recent phenomenon and onesuch case involved a 17th-centuryScottish Presbyterian minister, theReverend Robert Kirk. Although heseems to have been born, lived, mar-ried and died in a conventional man-ner, what actually became of thisenigmatic man is still shrouded inmystery and speculation, and thetales concerning his ultimate fatedeserve attention.

While many assumptions have beenmade concerning the nature of so-called 'portals' and 'window areas', inthe context of the UFOlogy they are

generally assumed to be entry pointsinto our version of reality for extra-terrestrial spacecraft, and upon occa-sion beings, from parallel dimen-sions. However, this is obviously notthe only answer and since there ismore than one explanation for theexistence and nature of extraterres-trial spacecraft, there may be a linkwith more traditional interpretationsof these 'doorways'. Therefore,they might also be viewed asmagical openings into whichpeople and animals either enterby mistake, or are taken byentities, that in this context areassumed to be fairies and elvesor some other variation onthese magical creatures. Onething to bear in mind though isthat in this matter context isvitally important. Before con-sidering the Rev Kirk, perhapswe should think about a charac-ter who appears in a populartraditional children's tale, i.e.the 'Pied Piper of Hamelin'.

In June 1284, on being swin-dled out of his agreed fee by theofficials of the municipality of

Hamelin after ridding the town of aplague of rats, the piper entrancedthe local children by playing hispipes and led them into a cavern inthe nearby Koppenberg Mountains.Neither the children nor the piperwere ever seen again. The portals inaccounts such as these take the formof caves, fissures and other points ofaccess below the surface of the earth,

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but they also appear as fairy ringsand other naturally occurring, ifunusual, types of vegetation. Thisvariant on contact with non-earthlybeings tends to refer to them by theancient term of the 'good folk', one ofmany facts comprehensively docu-mented by the Rev. Kirk in his semi-nal book, 'The Secret Commonwealthof Elves, Fauns and Fairies', some-times called 'The Secret Lives ofElves and Faeries'. Originally writtenin 1691, this volume is a meticulousappraisal of the creatures, mythologyand history surrounding fairy lore. Inmany ways the lasting effects of theRev. Kirk's book is similar to that ofSir James Fraser's splendid twelvevolume anthropological opus, 'The

Golden Bough'. Both of these booksgive valid reasons to question manyof the so-called truths and dogmascreated by both science and religion.

Although Rev Kirk, who, interesting-ly, was a seventh son, is commemo-rated by a grave in an old cemeteryjust outside Aberfoyle, a pretty townin Stirlingshire, Scotland, where hewas the minister, tradition insiststhat although there is a grave therehe is not in it. Instead, local legendmaintains that the 'good people' tookhim to a local fairy hill, led himinside and there he still remains. Theuse of the term, 'good people' may bea deliberate attempt by out forefa-thers to ward off possible repercus-sions from these entities should theyinadvertently describe them in any-thing less than complimentary terms.The precautions derive from theallegedly capricious and sometimesmalign nature of these entities.

An account written by his replace-ment in the parish, the RevGrahame, goes some way to corrobo-rate this tale and reveals that in 1692the Rev Kirk was walking on the localfairy hill when he collapsed and wastaken for dead, in fact the same fairyhill to which the 'good people' tookhim. At his funeral he reputedlyappeared to one of his relationsrequesting them to contact the afore-mentioned Rev Grahame and tellhim that he was not in fact dead, butheld captive in fairyland. He said

that he would appear again at thechristening of his as yet unbornchild, (presumably his wife wasalready pregnant before his death),and the only way to secure hisrelease was for the officiating minis-ter to throw a knife or dirk overKirk's head. The story goes on to say that he didindeed appear at the ceremony, butthe clergyman was so surprised thatthe knife was not thrown and RevKirk vanished forever. This has obvi-ous similarities with the Pied Piperlegend and implies that the sameunfortunate fate that befell the chil-dren and the Rev Kirk awaits anyoneunfortunate or foolish enough toventure (or be taken) into the worldof the fairies. It is probably no acci-dent that Kirk reputedly possessedpsychic talents, something of whichhe was certainly aware, because inaddition to his claim to be a seventhson, traditionally a portent of psychicpotential, it was his contention thatthe 'fairies' lived and moved freely inthe world of men. They were, howev-er, invisible to all but those with thegift of second sight and Kirk claimedthat he could see them. This echoeswith the proposition that non-terres-trial entities move freely among us atthis very moment in plain sight, butare so utterly and completely alienthat they have no need of conceal-ment because we cannot see themdue to the fact we have no frame ofreference against which to comparethem.

This concept is not so bizarre as itmight at first appear since it is onrecord that Captain Cook on his voy-ages of discovery was once confront-ed by a tribe of islanders who,although they could see Cook, hismen and the rowing boat that theycame ashore in, could not see theship that they came form although itwas only as short distance offshore.All they could see was that there was'something wrong' with the ocean.They could not see the vessel untilthey were taken out in the rowingboat and touched it. The same is trueof Native Americans, who, at first,could not discern paintings whenthey saw them; all they could see wasa confusing multicoloured swirl ofcolour but no image.

In addition, the reverend was alsoreputedly able to heal by touch alone,

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a talent rendering him something ofa faith healer. Curiously enough,many of those who allege abductionby non-terrestrial entities also claimto possess enhanced psychic abilities;a facility that if not present prior tothe abduction frequently developsafter the event. The properties of the'healing touch' have been attributedto many prominent figures in antiq-uity; not least several royal houses,but particularly the semi-mythical7th century Merovingian dynasty inFrance, the so-called 'SorcererKings'. It is especially interesting tonote that while swimming in the seaand already pregnant by her hus-band, King Clovis, the mother ofMerovee, the founder of the dynasty,was reputedly either raped orseduced by a 'Quinotaur', (literallyfive horned), an apparently aquatic,hybrid creature with implied extra-terrestrial origins.

In some manner the human andnon-human DNA mingled and thebirth of Merovee (sometimes calledMerovech) was the result. Furthercompounding the mystery is the laterinvolvement of a shadowy and secre-tive group known as 'The Priory ofSion'. First popularised in the book,'The Holy Blood and The Holy Grail',they were reputedly founded torestore the deposed Merovingianbloodline to the throne of France.Although there have been severalattempts to discredit this organisa-tion, somehow it still continues toappear like some pallid, orphanedspectre at the periphery of severalenigmas. Before leaving the legend ofMerovee, it is interesting to note thatother tales linking allegedly semi-aquatic extraterrestrials with thehuman race comes from the Dogonpeople of Mali, who claim that theyreceived specific knowledge of thestar, Sirius B, which they called the'Digitaria star', from a non-terrestri-al, fish-like race known as theNommo, and the Babylonians whoclaimed that their civilisation wasfounded by a race of space travelling'fish gods'. While extremely temptingto speculate upon, especially theapparent non-terrestrial geneticinterference, whether or not this isall part of a long standing, obscure,extraterrestrial plot still remains tobe seen.

Regarding Kirks disappearance into

fairyland; it has often been said thatthose who have been there have nosense of time passing, which res-onates powerfully with the propertiesof faster than light (FTL) travel,where the person in the spacecraft ispropelled to the stars at a speedgreater than the speed of light, andin relative terms for them time pass-es as normal, but for those on earthtime accelerates. Should the personon board the starship return afterwhat was, subjectively, a journey of afew weeks or perhaps months, theywould have aged by exactly thatamount while those on Earth mighthave aged by many years or couldeven have died of old age. This,reputedly, is exactly what happens tothe human beings taken (or abduct-ed) by the fairies.

The implications of this are obviouslyfar reaching and strongly insinuatethat, once again, there is little or nodifference between ET's and fairies,and of course their use of highlyexotic technology. It may be this veryanomaly that we are unable to recog-nise as technology in action, becauseit is, like their appearance, totallyalien to our concept of what technol-ogy is and how it should function.This may be the result of centuries ofconditioning spent applying andusing Newtonian principles in day-to-day life, e.g. the absolute conceptof cause and effect and that technolo-gy must be reducible to its compo-nent parts, and this includes elec-tronic functions, as a purely mechan-ical process. Electronic function isincluded in this because it stillinvolves movement, although in thiscase of electrons.

However, as we can see, when deal-ing with non-terrestrial and non-human entities these rules may notapply, because it is possible that non-terrestrial races have developedunder unimaginably different cir-cumstances and possess knowledgetotally unlike our own. It is at thispoint where opinions sharply differ,the widespread assumption is thatalien technology must, by implica-tion, be superior and this is not nec-essarily so. Just because non-terres-trial technology is different does notnecessarily mean that it is betterthan our own; it is just as I said: it isdifferent. Taking the opposite stance,it could be argued that an alien being

might be equally overawed by terres-trial technology in its sheer scale andby the human race for its never-say-die attitude and sheer bloody-mind-ed stubbornness. Perhaps it is thesefactors that make us an object ofcuriosity and therefore worthy ofstudy, or maybe they seek to exploitand adapt our technology for theirown use rather than the other wayround. We might also consider whyhuman beings find the eerie songsand unearthly lights of the fairydance so hypnotic and irresistible; itexactly parallels nautical legends ofthe melodies sung by mermaids andsirens (a possible link with theQuinotaur and other aquatic races?)luring sailors to their watery graves.Is this the deliberate use of lightscombined with sound frequenciesemployed to either repel or attracthuman beings, much as we use themon animals and insects?

Another curious part of Kirks story isspecific mention of the use of a knifeor dirk to free him from the fairy'sgrasp; this may be highly significant.The use of metals, water and salt,which, along with bell, book and can-dle, were all part of the traditionalarsenal used by exorcists and otherswho deal with manifestations ofghosts, spirits, apparitions, polter-geists and of course fairies, is noaccident. The use of all three sub-stances suggests that there may astrong link between manifestationsof this kind and the presence of elec-tromagnetic fields, for iron and saltwater are excellent natural electricalconductors, and depending of theirdeployment could make the success-ful use of electromagnetism veryproblematic.

One possible element of the 'mecha-nism' used to open portals may wellbe powerful electromagnetic fields.However, the standard explanationfor the use of salt in such ceremoniesis the fact that salt was frequentlyused as preservative and was there-fore, by association, anathema tounclean or demonic spirits. In addi-tion, the water was usually blessed orholy water, which for obvious rea-sons was assumed to provide anadditional layer of protection. Theuse of iron is not quite so obviousother than in terms of strength, but itmay be that since iron, or steel forthat matter, is largely carbon based it

11

might either disrupt electromagneticfields or even dissipate them, bothsituations are less than desirable forany entities relying on exploiting theproperties of electromagnetism fortheir own purposes. As it often thecase ancient spells and techniquesare founded on sound scientific prin-ciples, although those who originallyemployed them did so purelybecause they worked and for noother reason.

The nature of fairy rings is in itselfsuggestive of other more convention-al portals, as is the nature of how thefairies seem to operate the ring.Traditionally the fairies are seen todance and caper in a circle aroundthe perimeter of the ring, in otherwords there is rotation, somethingthat seems vital to the physical cre-ation of an energy field. In the con-ventional generation of electricitythere is movement, normally circu-lar, as a turbine or dynamo rotateswith a metallic, magnetic core rotat-ing inside coils of wiring. The rota-tion induces an electric current in thecoil, which is then tapped off for useand the rotation of fairies at theperimeter of the ring seems to pro-vide an analogy of this.

The idea of fairy portal finds similar-ities in books such as 'Alice inWonderland', by Lewis Carroll, whenAlice enters Wonderland through aportal, in this case a rabbit hole. Inthe case of the Steven Spielberg film,'Poltergeist' (1984, dir. Tobe Hooper)the 'portals' are a television set and acupboard, and in the book, 'The Lionthe Witch and the Wardrobe', part ofthe Narnia series of fantasy novels byC S Lewis, and later filmed as 'TheChronicles of Narnia', (2005 dir.Andrew Adamson) it is a wardrobe.In the cult horror film 'Evil Dead II',(1987 dir. Sam Raimi) the portal is aseething, rotating maelstrom, a liter-al 'hole in the sky', which carries thehero to a strange, medieval, demonhaunted parallel world, where magic,(or alternative technology?), is incommon use. Staying with older con-cepts of the methods designed tomake contact with a mysterious'Otherworld', we once again findstone circles like those at Stonehengeand Avebury, and contemporary withthat era, beautifully preserved burialmounds like the Neolithic graves atNewgrange in Northern Ireland and

Maeshowe in Orkney. It is also likelythat other sites, like those of theancient oracles, could be regarded asportals, they were certainly used forthat purpose, i.e. communicationwith the departed in the'Otherworld'.

Whether or not there is any validityin these claims is obviously open toquestion and rather like the accept-ance of the entire subject of UFO's ingeneral, it is a matter of faith…exceptfor one thing. Even to day, surround-ed as we are by an increasingly tech-nological world with its professorialprophets of rationality. There is aninsidious backlash that defies boththe dogmatic logic and the bestefforts of these eminent sceptics.Strangely enough, the very peoplewhose work should support the scep-tics supply the tools used by thosewho have the courage to drive andparticipate in the backlash, by this Imean the theoretical physicistswhose arcane formulae and calcula-tions have created what amounts to amodern class of alchemists andmagicians.

These physicists are themselves pro-ducing evidence of oddities andanomalies suggesting that faster thanlight travel and time travel are possi-ble. There is also evidence that weare surrounded by an infinite num-ber of realities, some slightly differ-ent from those alongside and otherutterly and completely alien to whatwe consider as 'normal'. There iseven verifiable evidence emergingsuggesting that physical death reallyis not the end and consciousness canand does survive the process. If thisis the case, then in what form do wesurvive, are those who have gonebefore us perhaps the very entitiesthat we seek, are we, or at least whatwe were, the fairies, elves and gob-lins of folklore. Whatever the answeris, we can only hope that when thetruth does finally emerge, as it surelymust, that the deniers have the goodgrace to accept defeat and admit thatthey were wrong all along. Perhapswe shall yet discover that the RevRobert Kirk and other like him reallyare still alive in some reality justbeside our own.

Brian Allen

You can buy brian’s book at the fol-lowing web address:

www.p-e-g.co.uk

Sources and references

'The New Bible Code': - by WilliamN. Downie, pub TGS HiddenMysteries, ISBN 0-9768249-9-8'Rosslyn, Between Two Worlds': - byBrian Allan pub TGS HiddenMysteries, ISBN 0-97866249-1-2The Barriers of Belief: - by BrianAllan pub TGS Hidden Mysteries,ISBN 0-9786249-3-9'The Goblin Universe': - by TedHolliday, pub by Llewelyn, ISBN 0-87542-310-8'Aliens, why they are Here': - byBryan Appleyard, pub by Scrivener,ISBN 0-7432-5686-7'In The Name of the Gods': - byDavid Elkington, pub by Green ManPress, ISBN 0-953-99300-0'Electromagnetic Man': - by Smithand Best. ISBN 10: 0312037309'The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail':- by Baigent, Leigh and Lincoln, pubby Arrow ISBN 0-09-968241-9'From Atlantis to The Sphinx': - byColin Wilson, pub by Virgin booksISBN 978-0-7535-1139-8'Supernatural': by Graeme Hancock,pub by Arrow Books, ISBN9780099474159

Other books by Brian J Allan areavailable through any good book-seller, the TGS Hidden Mysterieswebsite, or direct from the author atwww.p-e-g.co.uk

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'ROSWELL 60'The Parkside Hotel, Pontefract, UK20th-21st October, 2007

"The Rebirth of British Ufology"

A new, larger venue and a line-up oftop speakers saw UFO DataMagazine's annual conference gofrom strength to strength. Pontefractmay not be the UFO capital of theworld, but the small, Yorkshiretown's Parkside Hotel hosted thelargest UFO conference in the UK for

years. Over the weekend more than500 delegates passed through thedoors and they enjoyed all of the lec-tures that were presented by ourhost, UFO Data Magazine featureseditor, Philip Mantle.

The first speaker on Saturday morn-ing was Nick Pope. We all knowNick as the former head of theMinistry of Defence's UFO desk inthe 1990s. His talk asked the ques-tion What Would Happen if RoswellOccurred Today?

Is there a contin-gency plan forUFO crashes?According toNick, no there isnot. He finds thisvery disturbing,that nobody ingovernmentappears to haveeven consideredwhat to do in theevent of the crashof an extra-terres-trial vehicle.

How would wedeal with an alieninvasion? Could

we possibly stand up to beings thatpossess the technology to travelbetween the stars? Nick thinks not.He believes that we would stand nochance against such an advancedspecies if they came here with bel-ligerent intentions.

What about a peaceful first contactscenario? Nick reckons that such ameeting would inevitably be undertheir terms and not ours. What couldwe possibly offer them? What couldthey want from us? Nick believesthat such a summit would result inan exchange of technology, culturalinformation and examples of humanand alien art.

Nick believes that first contact willmost likely happen via the Search forExtra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI).Professor Ian Morison of JodrellBank might disagree with that,recently suggesting that direct con-tact is most likely to happen with aphysical landing rather than a radiomessage, like the kinds for whichSETI are looking. That said, Nickbelieves that SETI and ufologyshould work together. We are bothlooking for the answer to the samequestion, after all: Are We Alone?

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According to SETI, if a real, extra-terrestrial signal was found and veri-fied by several different observato-ries, there would be no cover-up -everybody would be told about it.We'll see. One question is: ShouldWe Send a Message Back? Should weexpose ourselves to the outside uni-verse? Well, we've been doing thatever since we first began transmit-ting radio and television signals sothey know we are here anyway.

So, what would happen in the eventof the crash of a UFO? Well, it woulddepend on where the crash hap-pened. Nick said that the officialreaction to the crash would be differ-ent if it crashed in a heavily-populat-ed area rather than a more remoteregion. He said the first to respondwould likely be the police and emer-gency services, as they would be theones called by any witnessing mem-bers of the public. The area would becordoned-off and treated like any'regular' plane crash. Essentially, itwould be treated as a crime sceneand unauthorised people would notbe allowed to tramp around the area,destroying or removing evidence.

At some point, the military would becalled in under a protocol known as'Military Assistance to the CivilPower'. Armed forces personnelwould operate under the jurisdictionof the civil authorities. There couldbe a potential biological hazard fromextra-terrestrial germs or even thealiens themselves, if any are present.Would we be able to interact withthem physically? Would we have anyresistance to the micro-organismsthey may carry? Bio-hazard and/orradiation teams should be broughtin, just like in the event of a chemi-cal/biological terrorist attack orother emergency.

Nick believes that contingency plansshould be drawn up using commonsense and all the available scientificdata. If no plan is available, any situ-ation could quickly run out of controlbecause of inadequate preparations.A standard operating procedure(SOP) should be made available to allcivil authorities.

On the part of the Ministry ofDefence (MoD), the UFO desk wouldprobably be brought in first, depend-ing on the time of day, although

there are no plans for what wouldhappen after that! We have an SOPfor plane crashes, but not for UFOcrashes. Why not? Nick asked.

The government, Nick said, operatesunder a creed known as 'A Culture ofNo Surprises'. This means that politi-cians need to be told about what isgoing on. This is why wheneversomething happens, there is always apolitician (usually the 'on-duty min-ister') on the TV or radio news readyto comment, perhaps albeit briefly,and appear to have the situationunder control.

A briefing would then be given toministers, senior civil servants andhigh-ranking members of the mili-tary and a document would be drawnup detailing the known facts, anyrecommendations and presentationalissues (how will it look in the media).This document may be made avail-able to the public or it may not.

Nick believes that the public wouldbe informed, mainly just so that thegovernment appear to be in controlof the situation. Information wouldbe released to the relevant depart-ments with answers to certain ques-tions laid out. There would also bewhat are known as 'If Pressed'responses. This would be informa-tion that the government wouldrather not disclose, but would if aparticularly eager journalist demand-ed it.

The phrase'extra-terrestri-al' would likelynot be used inany early state-ments, withmore genericterms about thecrash and theactions under-taken. A deci-sion wouldhave to bemade aboutnotifying theQueen and thepossible recallof Parliament,if it is not insession.

Nick thinks thata cover-up

would not happen, although headmitted that, if it were up to himand depending on the scenario, hemight try and keep it from the pub-lic. The technology that the crashedobject contained would be invaluableto the national interest. If we couldstudy and develop it for our own use,we could be the dominant power onthe planet. Scary thought!

In all, Nick is of the opinion thatthese issues need to be resolved andthat proper procedures need to beput into place for a Roswell-styleevent. He has considered drawing upa plan himself and offering it to thegovernment.

Nick's talk got the conference off to aterrific start.

After a short break, MalcolmRobinson took the stage. A popularspeaker, Malcolm's sense of humouralways pleases the audience. Today,he was talking about one of the mostfamous cases in British ufology: theRobert Taylor case from Livingstonin 1979.

Bob Taylor was a gardener fromPerthshire, Scotland, and he had alsobeen a tank driver in the SecondWorld War. After the war, he helpedin the building of Livingston NewTown, in West Lothian, and livedthere until he died on March 14th,2007. He had no interest in UFOswhatsoever until the 9th ofNovember, 1979.

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That morning, he set off with his redsetter, Lara, in his Land Rover pick-up to check on the Dechmont Woods,where he was a forestry worker. Hehad made the same journey innu-merable times, but today would bedifferent. He parked the van and setoff into the woods with Lara. As heentered a clearing, he saw, twenty tothirty yards away, a domed or circu-lar-shaped with a flange runningaround the centre. At times parts ofthe object appeared to become invisi-ble. Lara was barking like crazy, butRobert stood, transfixed by thebizarre contraption. He said thateverything went quiet - a motorwayran close by and he could no longerhear the cars or any noise from theforest.

Suddenly, two round balls droppeddown from the UFO, hitting theground with a strange, suckingsound. They resembled those spikysea mines from the war that are nowto be found in many seaside resortswith kids clambering all over them.They rolled towards him and extend-ed rods which hooked into histrousers at the hips, ripping thethick, serge cloth. They then begandragging him towards the UFO! Ashe lost consciousness, he remem-bered an acrid, burning smell and anodd whooshing noise.

When he came round, the UFO,along with its spiky companions hadgone. Bob had a terrible headacheand he was extremely disoriented.He staggered to his truck and triedcalling for help on the radio, butfound he couldn't speak. Leaving thevan, he made his way home on footand was in such a state that his wifethought he had been attacked (whichhe had, but not in the way shethought!). He told her he had beenattacked "by a spaceship."

He called his supervisor, MalcolmDrummond, who went to check thearea of the incident. He found aseries of depressions in the ground oftwo types. There were two rows ofladder-like marks and these weresurrounded by two trails of holes,forty in all, one extending clockwiseand the other trail going anti-clock-wise. The tracks were depressed intothe grass of the clearing, but theymade no marks on the ground. Theholes were shallow and in several

areas, grass around the holes hadbeen sheared off. Drummond wasconvinced that something had landedin that clearing.

The local police looked into the caseand they were baffled. They checkedall types of machinery that mighthave left the marks in the clearing,but drew a blank. No helicopters hadbeen in the area and no forestry workhad been undertaken. They acceptedthat Bob believed what he saw, butthey were at a loss to explain it. Hiscase was treated as an assault, due tothe cuts and grazes he had sufferedand his torn clothing, and sent thetrousers to the forensic lab. All theycould confirm was that the cloth wasnot torn by any forest debris, such asbroken branches, or by barbed-wirefencing.

Malcolm then played a video from aScottish television programme aboutthe incident. It was called The WestLothian Question and was recordedjust before Robert died earlier in theyear. We heard from Bob himself andalso from his local doctor, whovouched for the forester's integrity.

Malcolm then told us of the debunk-ing attempts by Steuart Campbell, aformer member of BUFORA.Campbell first tried to pin the blameon ball lightning. When it was point-ed out that the weather that day wasnot conducive to the appearance ofball lightning, he came up with thetheory that what Bob saw was anastronomical mirage of Venus andMercury!

Although Venus and Mercury wereabove the 'official' horizon at thetime, Malcolm found that they werenot visible from the clearing whereBob's encounter took place.Campbell also suggested that themirage caused Bob to suffer anepileptic seizure, resulting in hisblackout. There has been no historyof epilepsy in Bob's family.

Fortean researcher, Duncan Lunan,posited that what Bob stumbledacross was a 'wheelbarrow' bombdisposal device. These can run oncaterpillar tracks and some have legs.Clearly this is not likely. What wouldone of those contraptions be doing ina Scottish wood?

Some time after the incident,Livingston Council installed picnictables in the forest and used the UFOincident in an attempt to popularisethe area. In 1992, Malcolm's organi-sation, Strange PhenomenaInvestigations (SPI) assisted withhaving a plaque commemorating theevent being placed on the site.Numerous plaques have been setonto the cairn there, but they keepbeing stolen!

In the same year, 1992, a psychic vis-ited the site and claimed to see theface of a Grey alien in the trees and ared ball moving through the forest.Psychometry, the psychic reading ofobjects connected to an event or per-son, was tried on Bob's trousers. Onepsychic, admittedly familiar with thecase, described Bob's experience indetail. Another, also with knowledgeof the event, saw three people com-ing towards Bob. They stuck a needlein his eye and he dropped to theground. Lara, Robert's dog, was alsorendered unconscious. They alsowarned Bob about something thatwould happen in six years.

The final psychic, who had no famil-iarity with the case, held the bag thathad contained the trousers and saidthat Bob had 'fought for his life'. Aball and a Land Rover were seen andBob was dragged towards something.He hit his head on something andwas raised into the air and pinned toa tree. Bob was traumatised and lostthe power of speech. Malcolm admit-ted that this psychic got some thingsright and other things incorrect.

Robert later moved to another vil-lage, but strange events seemed tofollow him. A crop circle appeared ina field close by and UFO sightingsincreased in the area, although Bobdid not report any. Malcolm is con-vinced that Robert Taylor was tellingthe truth about his experience andthat something truly bizarre hap-pened to him.

Malcolm's lively and entertainingtalk ended and it was time to breakfor lunch. As our delegates enjoyedtheir break, there was a change goingon in the conference hall. Sunlightstreaming through the ceiling win-dows had obscured much of thescreen upon which slides and videoswere projected. So we moved the

16

stage and rearranged all of the seatsso that this would not be a problemfor the rest of the conference.

Popular German researcher,Michael Hesemann, hit the stageat 2pm. The subject of his talk was'KGB UFO Secrets'. This had nothingto do with the popular television spe-cial that was hosted by Roger Moore.Michael said that this was a completefabrication and he provided an expla-nation: One document used in theshow described the 1968 deaths ofscientists after a UFO crash. The doc-ument was marked with 'RussianFederation'. In 1968, it was theSoviet Union, not the RussianFederation. The video of the Sovietretrieval team depicted Hummers.This kind of vehicle did not exist in1968. In fact, they did not enterusage until 1985. UFO footagereportedly from a MiG fighter actual-ly came from an F-16. The 'top secretmedical facility', where an alienautopsy was filmed, was actuallyrented for the television show.

Michael spoke to many Russian offi-cials, including Colonel MarinaPopovich. She was one of the SovietUnion's top test pilots and was mar-ried to cosmonaut, Major-GeneralPavel Romanovich Popovich. In 1991,KGB UFO files were released to herhusband and Michael received a copyof these files from her. The filesincluded lots of UFO reports, includ-ing many over Soviet nuclear facili-ties with many credible witnesses.

Michael then showed the conferencesome video evidence. The first wasfrom the filming of a musical con-cert. As a lovely, young lady sang asong, the cameraman was intriguedby a strange object in the sky.Another video from 1990 captured acigar-shaped object and anotherfrom 1993 captured a strange light.Photographs of a UFO from a north-ern rocket base were also shown.

General Popovich described how, in1978, he saw a white triangle whileflying over the Atlantic at 36,000feet. The speed of the object was esti-mated at 900kph. A clip of the objectwas played and the triangle is clearlyvisible.

In 1981, Salyut-6 cosmonaut,Vladimir Kovalyonok described

sighting a UFO as he orbited overSouth Africa. An elliptical object flewin front of their craft before 'explod-ing' into golden light. Then two gold-en spheres appeared in a differentposition. As they crossed the termi-nator into night, the objects van-ished.

In 1991, Mir cosmonauts filmed acigar-shaped object during theapproach of their support capsule.The crew were convinced it was notpart of a man-made spacecraft or anyother form of space junk.

In 1990, during a Soyuz mission,Gennady Strekalov saw a sphere forabout ten seconds. He described it asglittering like a Christmas tree deco-ration. He reported is as 'a strangephenomenon', rather than as a UFO.Other Mir missions have also report-ed UFOs flying in formation abovethe Earth.

Marina Popovich has found over ahundred reports from high-rankingmilitary officers. One pilot encoun-tered a UFO and requested permis-sion to open fire. The objectapproached the jet fighter to a dis-tance of only 100 metres. Instead ofopening fire, the pilot shot a photo-graph of the object. Then the UFOflew vertically at great speed. The

pilot described it as being about 100metres in diameter.

The commander of the Soviet air-space between the Urals and thePacific, a vast area, spoke of numer-ous UFO encounters by his pilots.UFOs were picked up by automaticweapons systems, but when theylocked on, they failed and becameinoperable. UFOs were also seen tojump to different positions in the skyjust as Soviet jets attempted to openfire.

Michael explained that the SovietUnion had many official studygroups devoted to UFOs. Their taskwas to find out how these objectsoperated and to see if such technolo-gy could be incorporated into thenational defence. Unfortunately forthem, they were unable to accom-plish this, but they continued to logreports by military personnel fromall over the USSR. Michael said thatall branches of the Soviet militaryhad studied UFOs at some point.General Popovich confirmed thatUFOs were considered to be a realphenomenon.

UFOs have been seen over topresearch centres and contact hadbeen achieved by gesticulatingtowards them! As witnesses pointed

17

in certain directions, the UFOs wouldcopy the motion, changing shape asthey did so. While this sounds fan-tastic, Michael made the point thatthese reports come from highly-respected and reliable witnesses.Their word is to be taken very seri-ously and cannot simply be dis-missed. One thing is clear, theSoviets thought there was somethingto the UFO phenomenon!

After a short break, Roswellresearcher Donald R Schmitt tookthe stage and gave an impassionedlecture. He noted to the audiencethat as the years went by, more andmore of those present during theRoswell Incident of 1947 were leav-ing us due to old age.

The first atom bomb test was in 1945in New Mexico. Did it send a beaconto any curious extra-terrestrials outthere? Did they come here frommany, many light years away or arethey from somewhere much closer?Whatever the answer, just two yearsafter that first explosion, the modernage of ufology began.

After 1947, it seemed that a veritablealien invasion had begun and pilotswere sent up with camera mountedon their P-51s to try and catchimages of the 'flying discs'. The term'UFO' did not enter the vernacularuntil 1952, by the way. Scientistsmused about the possibility thatthese craft came from Mars orVenus. Of course, this was longbefore we sent probes to those plan-ets and learned of their inhospitablenatures.

When the crash at Roswell hap-pened, the military had no idea howto handle the civilian witnesses. Itwas a completely unprecedentedevent (note Nick Pope's lecture earli-er in the day!). Sheriff Wilcox wasthe first authority figure that William'Mac' Brazel went to see about thedebris he found on the Foster Ranch.It was Wilcox who suggested thatMac contact the military.

The 509th Composite Group, basedat the Roswell Army Air Field(RAAF), was comprised of the bestmilitary personnel in the world. Thefinest officers were assigned there, aswould be expected for the only atom-ic bomb group on the planet. They

easily knew what a weather orresearch balloon looked like.

Don told us that Sheriff Wilcox hadkept a box of the crash debris forhimself and the rest was sent to theRAAF. The military used Wilcox tocontrol the civilian element in thisunfolding incident. His daughterswould later describe what happenedwhen the armed forces descendedupon the Roswell city jailhouse.Military vehicles surrounded thebuilding and Military Police (MPs)flooded inside. They grabbed Wilcoxand pushed him to the wall, holdinghim roughly, with his arm behind hisback. They asked him where the restof the debris was and, on retrievingthe wreckage, left. Wilcox was neverthe same again. He never stood forre-election as sheriff. Why would themilitary act this way to a civilian ofall that was in the box were scraps ofa weather balloon?

Don read a quote from a guard at theP-3 hangar on the base. This was hisusual post, but as he approached onenight to take up his assigned posi-tion, he found himself being warnedaway by other guards, who told himthat if he came any closer, he wouldbe shot dead. A weather balloon

under lethal armed guard?

Don then showed a photograph ofthe alleged crash site of the UFO. Itis a bluff some two and a half milesfrom the debris field on the Fosterranch. Timothy Proctor was sevenyears-old at the time of the incident.Although young, he was an excellenthorse rider and often helped MacBrazel on the ranch. One day, hecame home, after having seen thedebris field, looking very shaken. Herefused to talk about it for many,many years into adulthood. Hewould even scarper from the house ifhe saw Roswell researchers such asDon approaching.

One day, when his mother was ill, hetook her out in his pick-up truck tothe bluff some miles from the debrisfield. This site is about forty milesnorth of Roswell. Proctor said to her:"Mom, this is where Mac foundsomething else."

Don said that there were many sto-ries from officers and men of theRAAF about being ordered to keepquiet about what they had seen -even if they hadn't seen anything!One said that he accompanied the'bodies' out of Roswell and that there

Don Schmitt

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were actually three crash sites. Thecover story for the huge amount ofvehicles used was that the general'sfurniture was being moved to FortWorth. A bunch of furniture trans-ported under heavily-armed guard?!

Don noted that the debris field wasactually located in a different countyto Roswell, so why would Chavezcounty people be sent out to a site inLincoln County?

Roswell fire-fighter, Dan Dwyer, andhis daughter, Frankie, both saw thefamous 'memory metal'. This wastinfoil-like material that could not becut or burned and when wadded, itwould unfold without a crease. Suchmaterials are not even availabletoday, let alone for a weather balloontarget in 1947! Frankie described thearrival of the military at the fire-house and how the children werebundled into one room and the par-ents into another. She recalled oneofficer speaking to the adults, hittinghis hand with a baton, and threaten-ing to kill the kids. Then the childrenwere also threatened and told thatthey would never see their parentsagain if they ever spoke of what theyhad seen. Frankie recalled that theofficer had a Brooklyn accent.

Don sent Frankie ten photographs ofofficers, after discovering that the'baton man' was a Lieutenant ArthurPhilbin. She picked him out of theselection, saying: "That was the manwho threatened to kill us!"

Frank Joyce, the manager of KGFLRadio in Roswell, was told by Brazelabout a terrible smell at the crashsite. Joyce suggested that what hehad found were monkeys, used insome sort of test gone awry. Brazelwas adamant that what he saw werenot decomposing monkeys! Donadded a note that there were threesites: the debris field, a secondarybody site and the final crash site.

Walt Whitmore Sr., owner of KGFL,conducted a recorded interview withBrazel at his (Walt's) home, where helearned that the rancher had seenbodies. The next day, military per-sonnel showed up, grabbed Brazel(who had spent the night) and con-fiscated the interview recordings.

While General Roger Ramey was

explaining to the press that all thatwas found was a weather balloon,Brazel was held for five days andforced to endure interrogations andinvasive medical procedures. Beforehe was released, he was taken over tothe KGFL station by MPs, where hetold radio listeners that it was just aweather balloon he found.Afterwards, Joyce asked him why hechanged his story. Brazel replied tothe effect that he and his family hadbeen threatened.

"What happened to the little greenmen?" asked Joyce.

"They weren't green," was Mac'sfamous reply.

Later, after heavy rains, Mac's son,Bill Brazel Jr., would drive out to thedebris field and find many tyretracks, large and small. Obviously ahuge operation had gone on here - allfor the recovery of a weather balloon.Bill Jr. also saw the gouge in theearth, covering a huge area. A weath-er balloon does not leave a huge tractof ripped-up earth when it comesdown. Years later, archaeologistsrediscovered the gouge, measuringthe differences in soil density.

Don also made the point that one ofthe incident's most elusive players,Sheridan Cavitt, the counter-intelli-gence officer at Roswell, had admit-ted that what came down could havebeen a 'flying saucer'.

Don closed his talk with the story of

how the Brazel's ranch house wasturned inside out by the military,searching for any remaining debris,even going as far as ripping up floor-boards. This happened in 1949, twoyears after the incident. All this for aweather balloon?

Following on immediately from DonSchmitt's excellent lecture was theundoubted star of the conferenceweekend, Dr. Jesse Marcel Jr.

Speaking for the first time in the UK,Jesse told of how his father, MajorJesse Marcel, came home one nightand got him out of bed. He didn'tknow what time it was, but guessed itmust have been around one in themorning. In the kitchen there was apile of junk on the floor. Jesse didn'trecall if the term 'flying saucer' wasused, but he knew that that waswhere they thought this material wasfrom.

They searched the debris for signs oftechnology, vacuum tubes, wiring,that sort of thing, and found nothing.His dad told him about the 'memorymetal', but he did not see it for him-self. He described the famous I-beamwith purplish symbols inscribed ontothe inner surface. It was not toy storetape on balsa wood, as had beenclaimed. He also saw a black, plastic-like material that has been likened tobakelite. He affirmed that it was notthis common material, but onlylooked like it. In all he saw thiswreckage for about fifteen minutesbefore he helped his father carry it

Jesse speaks with Sam W illey

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back out to his car. Jesse saw severalmore boxes of the stuff in there, butdidn't get the chance to examine it.The next day, when he awoke, hisdad had gone, taking the boxes ofdebris with him and he never saw itagain.

Jesse then told of the low-level flightto Fort Worth, in Texas. The planewas unable to fly at altitude becauseof the armed guards in the unpres-surised cargo hold. He also told ofthe switch that had taken place inRamey's office and that what hisfather was photographed holding wasnot what had been in the familykitchen. On returning home, MajorMarcel told his family to never speakof the incident again, although yearslater, Jesse recalled he and his fatherseeing articles on newspaper standsabout the incident and his dad sayingthat they both knew the real story.

Dr Marcel said that the story first gotout to the public in 1978, whenStanton Friedman found his dad.After Jesse Sr.'s death in 1986, JesseJr. began getting all of the attention.He decided to write his new book,'Roswell Legacy', while in Iraq,where he was a flight surgeon, and,being surrounded by the chaos ofwar and the death that accompaniesit, thought it was time to get hisexperiences down before he passedaway.

In 1984 or 85, Major Marcel visitedthe area of the debris field with a tel-evision crew. They asked him if anydebris might still be found, but hetold them that the whole area hadbeen vacuumed clean.

Jesse then told the strange tale ofbeing contacted by somebody inWashington DC. They wanted to seehim in a secure room, deep under-ground. Jesse attended the meeting,where he was told that Roswell wasreal (not that he needed to be toldthat!). The mystery man asked ifJesse had ever been threatened, towhich the answer was no. The mantold Jesse that he may yet be, butthat he would try and stop that hap-pening. A bizarre addendum to theRoswell story, I'm sure you willagree.

In 1997, Jesse visited Roswell (henow lives in Montana) and was

handed some pieces of a radar target.The man that gave them to Jesse wasconfident that what Jesse handledthat night as a child was nothingmore than pieces like these. Jessecould not dissuade the man and reaf-firmed that he saw no Scotch tape,flowery patterns or balsa wood thatnight. In fact to suggest that hisfather could mistake parts of a bal-loon array for a flying saucer wasutter nonsense. Major Marcel hadbeen to radar school and knew pre-cisely what radar targets and bal-loons looked like.

One of Jesse's passions is astronomyand cosmology. He believes that it isas a result of his Roswell experiencethat this interest has grown. Heshowed slides of some beautifulHubble Space Telescope images. Healso quickly reviewed some possibleexotic propulsion systems, includingStar Trek-style warp engines. He alsoshowed the famous 'Ramey Memo',the piece of paper that the general isholding in his office and has beenblown-up and analysing, with thewords 'victims', 'crash' and 'disk'being discovered.

Taking questions from the audience,Jesse said that his mother had neverspoken of what happened back then.She was an old-fashioned lady andbecause his dad had told them neverto speak of it again, she had donejust that. Jesse also pointed out thatback in 1947, his school friends hadtalked about the crash with him and,later, he had also talked with manyofficers about the incident.

Asked how it felt to hold somethingthat had been manufactured onanother world in his hands, Jessesaid he felt humbled. To know thatyou are holding something that camefrom another civilisation is an aston-ishing experience. Finally, Jesse wasasked, with all the threats that hadmade to others, if he felt that it wasworth the risk in publishing his book.Jesse gave an affirmed yes to thatquestion. It was worth the risk.

Jesse Marcel Jr.'s lecture closed theproceedings for Saturday, but thatwas not the end of our day. Joined byover a hundred delegates, theSpeaker's Dinner was a great success.The hotel provided a carvery serviceand very nice it was too. It gave

everybody the chance to let their hairdown a little and get to know ourspeakers a little better (I found outMalcolm Robinson is a huge Beatlesfan, for instance, while Don Schmittprefers Elvis Presley. Then theyasked me who I liked and the conver-sation quickly moved on to othermatters… heh heh.). At the dinner,Malcolm paid the conference organ-isers a huge compliment and saidthat, in his opinion, the conferencecould mark "the rebirth of BritishUfology."

Sunday began with new UFO DataMagazine co-editor, Gary Hesel-tine. Gary is a serving detective forBritish Transport Police and his talkfocussed on how UFO reports shouldbe investigated from a police officer'sperspective. The lecture was called"The Police and the Nature ofEvidence."

Gary said that he treats UFO reportsin the same way as he treats anypolice investigation. When he set uphis Police Reporting UFOs (PRU-FOS) database in 2002, he had only6 cases involving 10 police officers.Now that has risen to over 220 caseswith about 530 police officers givinginformation.

Gary said that UFO reports consist ofquantifiable data, like any othercrime report that the police receive.The investigation must analyse allforms of evidence. They include:

Oral evidence - where a witness givesa verbal statement, describing whatwas seen or done.

Documentary evidence - where phys-ical documents pertaining to theinvestigation are received.

Real evidence - the production of anyphysical article or thing.

Circumstantial evidence - evidencenot directly associated to the case,but linked in a close way.

Direct evidence - Eyewitness testi-mony.

Circumstantial evidence can be usedto build any given case and somecases are based entirely around cir-cumstantial evidence. It could bethat witnesses saw what happened

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leading up to an incident, but did notsee the incident for themselves. Theactions of those accused leading upto the incident can be very importantwhen witnessed by others. Witnessesmay not have seen the incident, butperhaps heard something or realisedthat an incident had taken place byother means. A judge once said:"Circumstantial evidence can beexcellent evidence providing thepieces of the jigsaw are highly com-pelling…"

Roswell, Gary explained, has a largeamount of circumstantial evidencethat makes the case compelling.There is also documentary evidenceto prove that the military lied aboutthe incident.

The police should respond in a prop-er manner to a UFO report and, ifapplicable, investigate it further.Gary said that in the past, it depend-ed on the officer that took the callwhether it was responded to or eventaken seriously. These days, the largecontrol rooms with recorded repliesmean that every call is treated equal-ly.

Turning to the Livingston case thatMalcolm Robinson covered onSaturday, Gary said that PC BillDouglas had treated it seriously, evensaying other officers were afraid tohandle it! PC Douglas took a state-ment from Robert Taylor, which con-stitutes documentary evidence. Healso saw Bob's serious demeanourand realised that something was verywrong. This is anecdotal evidence.

The case had a physical 'scene of thecrime' - the clearing where Bob hadhis encounter. The tracks and holeswere physical evidence. PC Douglascould find no vehicle that might havemade the marks and concluded thatwhatever it was must have weighedat least three tons. Gary mentionedlater that the Bob Taylor incident isnow used as a training tool for newpolice recruits.

With regard to the Ministry ofDefence, the police may complete anMoD-designed sighting report formand forward it to them. If this is thecase, the MoD must respond to thereport. Gary noted that the form isquite disgraceful, with no room forfull details of the incident.

One such report form was completedfor a sighting in Bromley, Kent in2003. The report tells us that a UFOwas seen by police officers both onthe ground and in a helicopter. Theresponse from the MoD asked if thesighting represented a defence inter-est. They said that the object had notbeen detected on radar and thereforethe sighting was not of defence inter-est.

Gary asked us to think back to theCold War and imagine a Soviet air-craft was seen to hover close to anuclear facility. Military police wouldlook high and low for evidence. Allwitnesses would be required to givestatements, whether military or civil-ian, and evidence in the form ofradar contacts would be seized. Afterall this, the conclusion would be thatit was a major event and definitely inthe national defence interest, somuch so that it would likely bestamped 'Top Secret'.

Ring a bell? Gary just described partsof what happened at Rendlesham in1980. That incident was handled dif-ferently because UFOs are deniable.Hey, they don't exist, so who cares,right? Yeah, whatever…

Gary then showed some video clips.First up was the Belgian encounter of1990, when F-16s were dispatched tointercept a triangular UFO. Here wehave physical evidence in the form of

radar and video footage, there weremany eyewitnesses and there is offi-cial documentary evidence that theincident took place.

Then we saw a clip from AnthonyWoods' remarkable footage from hishome in Portsmouth. This was the'Big Red' craft that glided throughthe daytime sky with flashing lights.Here we have physical video evi-dence as well as eyewitnesses.

The Fleetwood footage of 2003 sawseveral orange lights appear in thenight sky. They manoeuvred intoseveral formations before blinkingout. Again, we have video evidenceand eyewitnesses.

Finally, Gary showed a clip from acamera on board a police car. As thecar drives along a road, a bright lightappears near the horizon, winkingout and reappearing. This is evidencefrom a police camera and police eye-witnesses.

The rules of evidence available to thepolice should apply equally to UFOsightings as they do to any other inci-dent they investigate.

At 11:30, Philip Mantle took thepodium and introduced a surpriseguest. Spyros Melaris wouldundoubtedly be the most controver-sial speaker of the weekend.

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Spyros, a filmmaker and illusionist,claimed to be the man who createdthe Alien Autopsy footage distributedby Ray Santilli and Gary Shoefield.After years of silence, he has decidedto go public and the Roswell 60 con-ference is his first opportunity tospill the beans on this contentiousissue.

He visited Roswell in 1995 and heardof the UFO crash, but he was scepti-cal. He then visited an area that wassaid to have been the actual crashsite and said that there was a certainenergy there. He was convinced thatsomething did happen there andfilmed interviews with many people.

He began his talk by taking some tin-foil and wadding it into a ball. Hethen threw it into the audience. Theball was then thrown again by theman who caught it before Spyrosasked the final recipient to join himon stage. On the podium, Spyros hadan ice bucket filled with stones. Heclaimed these came from the Roswellcrash site. He took one stone andwrapped it in a small piece of tinfoil.He handed it to the audience mem-ber, who reported that the stone wasbecoming very hot. Thanking the del-egate, Spyros sent him back to hisseat and then proceeded in handingout stones to the rest of the audience- two stones each. He then askedthem to hold the stones together ashard as they could and concentrate

on the energy of the stones. Thenthey were asked to pull the stonesapart. Some people could not do this,although some could.

Then he owned up, saying that it wassimply a trick. The stones were notfrom Roswell, he had got them fromB&Q and had no special properties.It was an illusion, just like the AlienAutopsy film.

Ray Santilli had approached Spyros,saying he wanted to make a docu-mentary based around some footagehe had. This would turn out to be theinfamous 'tent footage'. Spyros toldhim that the film was patently fakedand that he could do a better one.His version would look real. Melarisapproached his friend, master sculp-tor, John Humphries, who wouldcreate the two 'corpses' required forthe shoot. No claims would be madeabout the film, with the viewer todecide what they were witnessing.Then at a later date, the illusionwould be admitted, along with anexplanation of how it was achieved.Unfortunately, Santilli would not fol-low up the latter part of the plan.

Spyros said that the autopsy filmrequired him to undertake lots ofresearch. Every detail must be cor-rect and there must be no anachro-nisms, items that are 'out of time'.One such object was the telephone,which Spyros claimed was a 'fuse'. A

fuse is a trick in which an object isplaced in such a way that it causespeople to take notice and questionthe film, only to find out that it ispossibly correct. The telephone had acurly wire and many people pointedout that they were not available in1947. Spyros, though, found out thatthe curly wire was available as anupgrade from 1947, but only thosewith a keen interest in the subjectwould have known that.

Spyros said the Ant & Dec movie,Alien Autopsy, was a pack of lies. Hemade everything for the movie,except the alien models. JohnHumphries played the surgeon andhis girlfriend did most of theresearch. Santilli and Shoefieldmaintained that there was an 'origi-nal film' that was ruined, but Spyrossaid there wasn't. The 'original film'he was shown was the tent footage, aknown fake. He completely designedand filmed the alien autopsy film.

As for the Kodak authentication ofthe film, that was achieved by Spyrospurchasing a genuine 1947 reel of abaseball match. The leader of thatfilm contained the necessary markersand all they had on were shots of awall, a door frame and some steps.Spyros cut these out, based his setdesign on the walls and door frame,and spliced them to the beginning ofhis film. This leader was the part thatwas sent to be tested. When askedfor more to be tested, it was claimedthat they were unprepared to furthercut up the film.

Santilli made the participants of theventure sign a confidentiality agree-ment. This made it clear that theywould not speak about it until thehoax was made public or a satisfacto-ry monetary return was achieved.With the release of the Alien Autopsymovie in 2005 and Santilli andShoefield's claims that the film wasmanufactured, Spyros felt that theagreement had been broken and hewas free to speak. He said that abook is being written about theescapade which would tell the truestory of the Alien Autopsy film.

Spyros also claimed to have filmedthe cameraman's statement, notSantilli. He said it was not supposedto be released. Spyros travelled toLos Angeles and found a tramp, paid

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him $500 and asked him to readlines as they filmed him. The trampturned out to be a former actor anddelivered his lines brilliantly. Thestatement was filmed in normal light,but Spyros turned down the bright-ness in editing. He knows the nameof this tramp and the films he hasappeared in. Santilli and Shoefielddo not have this information.

A lively question and answer sessionensued, with some members of theaudience becoming vocally upset byMelaris' claims. Spyros said that he isconcerned that because of his filmthat any genuine footage would bedismissed, but he is optimistic thatby proper analysis, the matter ofauthenticity could be discovered forany piece of film.

Asked if he was acting as a 'doublebluff', or not being who he says he is,Spyros answered by saying that hedid make the film and that he haslots of inside information that onlythose involved would know. He alsohas documents relating to the pro-duction of the film, such as develop-ing lab receipts.

Asked if he had any familiarity withthe I-beams described by otherRoswell witnesses, particularly JesseMarcel Jr., Spyros said that he hadno familiarity with them and that the'language' on the pieces of debris inhis film was totally invented by him-self. One word was VIDEO andanother was FREEDOM. He wrote afull back-story for the aliens, describ-ing their appearance, their world andtheir language.

How much money did Santilli make?Melaris said that ray had told himthat they had made very little moneyand that people were bootlegging thevideo. Spyros later found that Santilliand Shoefield had made millions outof the film. Some members of theaudience became very angry andyelled at Spyros. He apologised ifanybody felt conned, but he had setout to make a film, an illusion. Hehadn't even considered the feelingsof the UFO community at the time.

Michael Hesemann asked how heknew of certain information from thecameraman's statement that onlycame to public light after the releaseof the film. This included the story of

a fireball seen over Roswell on May31st, 1947. Spyros said he had noknowledge of this and that that pieceof information came from RaySantilli, not him. Michael was clearlyunimpressed with Spyros Melaris,something he would confirm to mein private later.

This brought the morning's lecturesto a close and a buzz of adrenaline-fuelled excitement permeated theconference hall. During lunch,Spyros had many people around him,asking questions and probablydemanding answers. Is this mantelling the truth? I guess we will findout and be assured that UFO DataMagazine will bring you any newsabout this explosive development.

After everybody had calmed downafter lunch, Russel Callaghanspoke of the evolution of UFO DataMagazine.

After UFO Magazine closed, Russfelt that some form of magazine bemade available to those interested inUFOs. He helped Gary Heseltinestart UFO Monthly.com and later setup UFO Data with Michael Buckleyand Philip Mantle. It soon becameclear to him that people wanted aphysical magazine to hold and thatwas when UFO Data Magazine wasborn. The first year it was printed atUFO Data's office in Kippax usinghigh-quality, colour laser printers.Then a risk was taken to have themagazine professionally produced atfull size and in a glossy format. Itwas a huge risk, as the magazine issubscription-based and having fullcolour, glossy magazines printed isnot inexpensive. The subscribers listhas grown, though, and Russ is opti-mistic that one day UFO DataMagazine will appear on the news-stands.

Russ was proud to announce thatGary Heseltine has joined with UFOData as co-editor of the magazineand this can only mean the mag willgo from strength to strength. Russalso gave thanks to our cover artist,Rob, who is currently unwell and ourthoughts and best wishes go out tohim.

On to video footage, for which Russis famous for presenting, he said thatthe internet is both a boon and a

minefield for UFO footage. Each gen-uine clip on sites like YouTube isaccompanied by dozens more hoaxclips. Some of these are astonishingto watch, such as the recent Haiticlip and YouTube is replete withmany such hoaxes.

Russ talked about some of the arti-cles that have appeared in the maga-zine, such as the F-15 encounter witha strange object over the UK earlierin the year. The audio clip from thepilots was played and it's impressivestuff.

Thanks were also given to contribu-tor such as our resident astronomer,Andrew Pike, and regular columnist,Nick Pope. Both regularly supplyexcellent articles that are enjoyed byall of our readers.

We were also reminded of the brightobject that was seen over Leeds inFebruary, 2007. It was captured on amobile phone video and shown onBBC television. A superb photographwas snapped by Sacha Christie andincluded in the magazine. One expla-nation was that it was a sundog, aneffect of sunlight refracting throughice particles in the atmosphere. Thisdoesn't seem to be the case as it wasin the wrong position in the sky. RAFFylingdales was contacted andSquadron Leader Darling was askedif anything had been detected bytheir sophisticated equipment thatday. She said that nothing had beenpicked up and they had no idea whatis in the photograph. A genuineUFO!

Some clips were played, includingthe famous Haiti hoax, a video ofsome spheres, an arrow-shaped UFOwhich is probably a hoax and arecent clip from the BBC in which,unknown to the Beeb, Israeli F-16sappear to be sharing the sky with twoother disc- or cigar-shaped objects.

Russ showed a longer selection ofclips from Anthony Woods' DVD,The Journey, including a longerviewing of the 'Big Red' object.

Paying tribute to the late, greatGraham Birdsall, Russ drew his talkto a close and we had a short break.

At 3pm, Don Schmitt began hissecond lecture of the weekend,

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focussing on the deathbed confes-sions of Roswell witnesses.

In the United States 'deathbed testi-mony' is admissible as evidence in acourt of law and often more regard isgiven to these statements becausethey are usually the final words of adying person.

As with any major event, differenteyewitnesses have different perspec-tives and may see the same event in adifferent way, or recall it differently.The problem for researchers is indefining the facts from many discreteand sometimes conflicting state-ments - "Sifting the wheat from thechaff." While accounts can vary ingeneral terms, they usually describethe same event, but seen from a dif-ferent perspective.

Don said it is an insult to the partici-pants of the Roswell Incident to sug-gest that they might forget it or getthe time of the event wrong by sever-al years, as was proclaimed in theofficial statement from the US AirForce. He went on to say that UFOresearchers are held to a higher stan-dard than those in other fields. Thesceptics demand it. If the debunkersare a hundred percent convinced oftheir cases, why do they continuedebate? Is it because they really arenot convinced, perhaps?

The media always tends to side withthe sceptical argument and the gen-eral public are inclined to accept the'official line' without question.Governments cannot be trustedbecause they the record has shownthat, time and again, they have liedto protect their own self-interest.Investigators should concentrate onthe facts and decide for themselveswhat they should believe, not blindlyaccept what others say.

The notion that disclosure wouldsend the world reeling into chaos isnonsense. The hundreds of peoplewho were present at Roswell and wit-nessed things of tremendous importdidn't commit suicide or go crazy orset of on riotous rampages. They goton with their lives. If people could dothat sixty years ago, then they mostcertainly could accept the truth thatwe are not alone today.

Referring back to the deathbed con-

fessions, Don noted that notone of them made reference toa Mogul balloon! He said thathis passion for this subjectcame from the people involvedthat he had come to know per-sonally. They became hisfriends and he acted as an hon-orary pall-bearer at two funer-als of Roswell witnesses.

Sheriff George Wilcox was thefirst authority figureapproached by Mac Brazel. Hisgranddaughter is BarbaraDugger and she lived withGeorge's widow, Inez, beforeshe died. Inez told Barbara thatit was not a weather balloonthat crashed and that the mili-tary's heavy-handedness wasthe reason that her husbandhad never stood for re-election.She also told her that Georgehad visited the crash site andseen bodies before beingescorted away. He was told that if hespoke, his family would be killed.

Don said that a special squad hadbeen brought in to Roswell, similarto the atomic accident team knownas S1. This group had the highestsecurity clearance, but everybody atthe Roswell Army Air Field alreadyhad top clearance, so why the needfor this outside team? The squads atRoswell were also segregated duringthe incident, so that they did notknow the men they found themselveswith. This would, in theory, result inless chatter between 'buddies'.

Another confession came from aguard at the P3 Hangar 84 area. Hesaid that he saw wreckage and bodiesunder canvas. Only the heads wereuncovered and he described them aslarger than normal. He told this tohis wife just before he died in 1976.

I must apologise at this point in thereview, because as Don Schmitt con-tinued his fascinating talk, I wasasked if I could drive MichaelHesemann to the airport. He had aplane to catch, obviously. As weheaded towards Leeds/Bradford air-port, Michael and I chatted aboutvarious things, including the presen-tation of Spyros Melaris. Michaelconfirmed that he was somewhatsceptical about the man's claims andI'm sure he wouldn't mind me

repeating that here, even though wewere just chatting in the car. AsMichael said, if Spyros' claims are tobe believed, then he must have somesolid evidence to back up his story.Michael was also sorry that he didn'tget the chance to question him morein a public forum. Hopefully he willget another chance in the future, asSpyros reveals more of his account.

With Michael safely at the airport, Iheaded back and just caught the veryend of the Speakers' Q&A session,with Jesse Marcel Jr., Don Schmitt,Russel Callaghan, Gary Heseltineand Nick Pope. It brought theRoswell 60 conference to a close andall present can be happy that it was atremendous success.

UFO Data Magazine would like tothank all of our speakers for provid-ing excellent lectures. Thanks go outto our lively delegates who must havehad aching bottoms after sittingthrough all the fantastic lectures. Allthe staff at The Parkside Hoteldeserve great credit for looking afterus. Final thanks go to Russ, Mick,Philip, Gary, Rebecca, Danny, Tonyand everybody who helped behindthe scenes to put together what wasundoubtedly the best UFO confer-ence for many years.

Steve Johnson

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There can be little in the way of argument when it is saidthe majority of scientists, especially astronomers, findUFOs a taboo subject. The relationship between ufologyand science is an extremely complex one. However, frommy experience it is a comlex three way problem betweenufology, scientists and the powers-that-be. Anyway, as Ifind myself in the final weeks of the 60th anniversary ofmodern ufology, I thought some attempt to address thematter, certainly between science and ufology, might be inorder, with some military areas thrown in for good meas-ure. I know this type of article will greatly irritate a smallgroup of what I call 'True Believers' but that in its own wayis part of the problem. Nevertheless what follows is basedon personal experience as a scientist who has found him-self involved in both the worlds of UFOs and science. Ifnothing else, hopefully it will be of interest to see mattersfrom the circles I frequent.

Over the years I have noticed many parallels between thescience/ufology and military/ufology relationships. Thefirst must be that extremely simple set of letters - UFO. Inreality this amounts to nothing more than the acronym forunidentified flying object, that's all, nothing else. In otherwords all that can be said of a UFO is it is an object

appearing to fly which is unidentified, so as it stands wehave no way of saying what it is. In practice, however,those three letters have a very different reaction within sci-ence and the military.

That in itself is problem enough butwhen we attempt to pin a label onthe object in question that is whenthe problem becomes amplified andthe real fun and games begin.

To many scientists, and members ofgovernement agencies like the MoD,admitting involveent with plain andsimple UFOs is tantamount to con-firming they believe in extraterrestri-als visiting the Earth in space ships.For example, the MoD will tell you inno uncertain terms they do notinvestigate UFOs, all that ended withBlue Book, Project Condign and sim-ilar efforts. However, ask them ifthey investigate unidentified objectsentering our airspace on defencegrounds and they will say yes! Bydefinition, therefore, the MoD doinvestigate UFOs! Likewise, ask a sci-entist if he would like to discover theidentity of a strange object he sawflying past in the sky and he mightwell say yes, afterall, science is in thebusiness of discovering new things.However, ask that same scientist ifhe believes in UFOs and odds are hewill say no. Indeed, as anastronomer, one of the questions Iam most often asked is: Do youbelieve in UFOs? As it stands I cangive no response to the enquirer

other than to ask them to defineUFO! That is because, despite thesimple acronym, I don't really knowwhat is going on in the enquirer'smind when he, or she, says UFOs.

Now this might sound like nit-pick-ing but from the scientific viewpointit is anything but. That is because inscience we all need to get our defini-tions right from the start. In otherwords, to stand any chance of a seri-ous investigation of anything, ufolog-ical or otherwise, we need to all besinging from the same hymn sheet.With UFOs we find the ufologists,scientists and the military are oftennot even in the same church!Deciding on what we all mean fromthe start is important. Another exam-ple I can give is the word dimen-sions. To a scientist this is likely tobe taken as meaning length, width,depth, time and the possible otherdimensions wrapped up on the sub-atomic scales of String Theory. To aufologist, or similar, it is more likeyto mean a para llel universe or alter-native reality. The two are not thesame thing and as such both sidesare not talking the same language orsinging from the same hymn sheet.

However you choose to define a UFO

it remains a possibility they may wellbe natural phenomena as yetunknown to science, some certainlyare natural phenomena, there is nodoubt of that. Now, I know ufologistsget very upset when I say there is apossibility ET is not visiting us at all,and as the evidence stands at themoment, and as a scientist, I have tosay I believe they are not amongst us.I have seen no smoking gun evidencein science which supports such aview, there are no hints, rumours orsecret documents in paddedenvelopes flying around to even sug-gest an alien autopsy or scientistsrunning around crash sites.However, that is not to say there isno such evidence to be found so anopen mind about alien visitationsshould be kept, but that wou ld betantamount to heresy in scientificcircles. That said it would be bad sci-ence to go either way on the evidencewe have so far and it certainly woulddo neither side any good if I was tosupport the extraterrestrial view justbecause I am expected to do so.Sadly, mainstream scientists havenot even got that far except for asmall few like myself, most, like themilitary, still have their knickers in aknot over the first hurdle of theacroynm UFO let alone any sugges-

tion we should keep in mind the ETviewpoint as a possible answer. TrueBelievers will, and have, attacked sci-ence, scientists and myself for theview that no evidence exists to sup-port the ET idea, but in 27 years oflooking at UFOs as a scientist, theevidence to me points to natural an dmilitary activity with an open door tothe ET angle. That is often notenough for the True Believer. So, wenow have our next problem. If ufolo-gists want science in their subjectthey must accept what it says, how itworks and the conclusions it drawseven if it does not say what you want.That is not how many scientists see ithappening and so they are put offUFOs. This has resulted in a doublevacuum whereby many scientistsknow too little about the ways ofufology and many ufologists knowtoo little about the ways of science.That is simply how it appears to meand other scientists.

Whenever I have said that I amdenounced as a debunker, said to becondescending to ufologists or worseof all, shock horror, working with thepowers-that-be in a cover up. It isnot often seen as a statement relatingto both sides. Now, from those whohave read my work on the science ofthe Rendlesham Forest affair, I didwork with a UK agency on that in asmall way, and on a few occasionssince I have been involved in otherUFO work associated with someform of what might be called 'TheEstablishment'. But to those whoknow the true me (also a very few),they will tell you I do so with

extreme reluctance, I do not like theway MoD scientists work or the waythey 'investigated' Rendlesham orUFOs generally; from official docu-ments I have seen their scientistsleave a lot to be desired. An exampleof this is to be found in the 2001MoD Rendesham File release. Totake just one point from that paper-work, after reading the Halt memo itwas decided nothing further could begained from listening to the Halttape, yet had they done so the mis-takes that followed regarding radia-tion readings would not have beenmade! Why did they ignore some-thing, the contents of which theycould not have known? That is badscience, and bad practice. To me thatis no different to a scientist dismiss-ing UFOs simply because he saysthere is nothing in the subject with-out looking. Then there is ProjectCondign, well don't even get mestarted on that waste of tax payersmoney!

One exception I hold is Nick Popewho despite being gagged by theOfficial Secrets Act and having noformal scientific training has donehis best to look at things in a scientif-ic way, examples being his work onmapping sightings to find a connec-tion and his work on alien abductioncases, at least he reviewd the fileswhen he took up the job at the so-called UFO Desk. The abduction sideof the subject, as I see things, isprobably the only real avenue point-ing to an ET connection, but hereagain scientists starts to irritate ufol-ogists when they say it may be a nat-

ural phenomena based on how thebrain works. The point is we cannotdismiss one avenue because it isunpalatable whether that be so toufologists or scientists, yet too manydo so, especially scientists withabduction cases. An example here isthe outrageous way Professor JohnMack was treated.

Having said that, I certainly supporta cover up at the MoD and similarother agencies around the world. As Isaid a few years ago when I wasinterviewed by one of these 'lifestyle'magazines, it seems to be a cover upof black projects and worse of allignorance of military scientists, notan ET connection. TakingRendlesham again as an example, Iand other scientists had a goodworking model of what might be atplay complete with all kinds of sci-ence to back it up before the News ofthe World even broke the story inOctober 1983, so why were the MoDscientists still stumbling around inthe dark years after that? We hadfound several similar cases worldwide, had a theory of why the UFOwas dripping molten metal and howpine forests react with nature. Allthis and more by 1982! None of it topsecret stuff. As a scient ist I have togo where the evidence takes me withan open mind on that avenue ofinvestigation and possible otheravenues which may take me else-where in my investigations, nothingshould be totally dismissed simplybecause it is taboo. I don't cover upand I am not in league with the pow-ers-that-be, if I was the MoD's

Rendlesham File would have beenas big as mine, 20 plus files andamounting to a quarter of a millionwords, not a dozen loose minutes!Of course I have the luxury of hav-ing not signed the Official SecretsAct which gives me a good deal ofleverage. True believer may thinkotherwise and have said I aminvolved in an official cover upwhich, I have to say, amuses me noend. Take this ufological reactionfor example.

In 1999, the late Graham W.Birdsall, editor of UFO Magazine,sent me a video tape and one of themagazine's UFO sightings formsfrom somebody who had contactedhim with a sighting. As theAstronomy Correspondent I gave it

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priority over other work and took adetailed look. Within a day I had sentback a detailed two page report onthe sighting. In a nutshell there wasno doubt what the person had seenwas Venus, it was in the right placeat the right time and was in the cor-rect position relative to anotherbright star Aldebaran. When thecamera was placed on a tripod thesteady image showed the familar riseof the planet at just the correct anglerelative to the horizon. In fact thevideo camera even zoomd in on theobject at 20X magnification and thephase of the planet was even correct.Anyway to cut a long story short, thewitness decided both I and UFOMagazine were in league with thegovernment and its cover up policy.There is no scientific way to copewith a True Believer whatever thescience says. That to many of my col-leagues is extremely off putting andsome, unfairly, tar all ufologists withthat same True Believer brush.

Another unfair view held by scien-tists about ufology is the idea it is fullof cranks and crackpots. In particularone of the most popular and mostpublic of astronomers, Sir PatrickMoore, when asked about UFOs hassaid on several occasions "it's theopen season for crackpots, these peo-ple are mad as hatters." On anotherocassion he said "UFOs should beleft to housewives and policemen."That doesn't help in the slightest,especially from such a public figure.True there are such characters inufology and maybe more than youraverage subject. I have encounteredsome, usually at conferences andusually carrying a padded envelopewhich contains secret documents forme to read or proof that Eiensteinwas wrong.

Despite what some believe there real-ly are scientists interested in UFOactivity, we have even introduced ourown user friendly term, AOP(Anomalous ObservationalPhenomena), in the same wayProject Condign used UAP(Unidentified Aerial Phenomena).However, they are few and farbetween and from my experience inrecent years, getting fewer, even Ihave largely left the field writing onlyfor UFO Data Magazine at present.This brings me to the next problem.There is no doubt scientists are put

off from UFO investigations becauseufology gives an impression scienceis not welcome. Now that will bepounced upon by some in a negativeway, but from scientists I have spo-ken to about this point there is nodoubt in my mind bridges need to bebuilt.

Repuation is another problem.Scientists do suffer by working inufology. Stuffy old dinosaurs in high-er levels of science, like grant award-ing bodies, do not want their sci-entsts dealing with 'little green men'and so we come back to that UFOdefinition problem once again. WillAOP and UAP do their jobs, no ofcourse not, the stigma is too deep.Science will partly overcome this andscramble over its first big hurdle onlywhen contact is made directlybetween ET and scientists. Somemaintain that will be at a distancefirst of all, maybe through SETI(Search for ExtraterrestrialIntelligence), I agree with the dis-tance but not the method. From myexperience of what is going on inastronomy's less taboo areas of ETcontact the first evidence that we arenot alone will come from exoplanetresearch. Exoplanets are planetsorbiting suns other than our own.Research and discoveries in this fieldof astronomy are racing ahaed ofSETI and it is only a matter of timebefore we find spectral evidence of aciviliization on one of these planets,that is to say, we will detect the tell-tale signs of a polluted atmospheredue to intelligence.

There is a common myth that scien-tists will not believe somethingunless they see it for themselves. So,how many astronomers see UFOs?Again it is a complex question. SirPatrick Moore claims that in almost80 years of sky watching he has seennone. In just half that time I haveseen 6 good sightings and probablytwice that number in less convincingones. I would say if Sir Patrick is cor-rect he has been damn unlucky! Onequick pole of astronomers about 20years found 87% have seen someform of UFO (using the plain andsimple definition). Others give vari-ous figures but no survey came upwith 0%. Amongst my own sightingsis the flying triangle which I haveseen several times and at close range,it is every bit as eerie and real as

reported in many cases. However, Iam also aware that the area of theUK I live in has a rich history of mis-sile and drone research associatedwith the military dating to the 1950s.

After 27 years in ufology, 12 of itwriting in UFO publications openly, Ihave seen some change, some goodresearch and some bridge building,but too little and too often it has suf-fered from a hardcore element of badapples. This brings me to the finalproblem I want to metion here. Ihave often been asked this question:Have I had trouble from the powers-that-be because of my involvementwith UFOs? The answer is no, quitethe opposite. As I said some yearsago in the November/December2002 issue of UFO Magazine I haveexperienced no problems from theMoD or similar. I made a point ofsaying so back then becasue I hadjust attened the 21st UFO MagazineConference that year and it was oneof the most asked question from del-egates, I even recall speaking about itto fellow scientist, Stanton T.Friedman, also present at the conference when we met up at the book-stalls, he too had a similar responsewhen he had been asked the samequestion repeatedly that weekend.What I did not say then (in print),but will say now, is I have had a lotof problems from ufologists. I amglad to say it is a relatively smallnumber of bad apples, but enough tocause damage and put those bridgeswe need to build on less stable foun-dations. Such problems have lostastronomers from UFO research andput off others from starting.

As an aside, that very same confer-ence was to be Graham's last and thelast for UFO Magazine, yet it attract-ed more scientists, particularlyastronomers, than any other I canrecall. That was something Grahamwas particularly pleased to point outto those gathered. Things haveslipped somewhat since then, butmaybe they will improve again. Onlytime will tell.

Andrew Pike

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On July 20th, 1969, Apollo 11 astronauts, NeilArmstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, becamethe first men to walk on the Moon. Highabove, Michael Collins orbited in theCommand Module (CM). Four months later,Apollo 12's Pete Conrad, Alan Bean andRichard Gordon also made it to our only nat-ural satellite.

In April, 1970, the Apollo 13 mission wentawry, but Jim Lovell, Jack Swigert and FredHaise made it back safely albeit with frozensausages. Almost a year later, for Apollo 14,Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell landed atFra Mauro while Stuart Roosa orbited.

At the end of July, 1971, Apollo 15 set down onthe lunar surface, leaving Alfred Worden cir-cling the Moon. David Scott and James Irwinwere the moonwalkers in this mission.

Nine months on, John Young and CharlieDuke stepped out onto the DescarteHighlands as Ken Mattingley remained inorbit for Apollo 16.

The final Moon landing, Apollo 17, inDecember, 1972, had Eugene Cernan andHarrison Schmitt landing and Ronald Evanspiloting the CM.

Or so we are told!!!

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